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Ethylenediamine (EDA), chemically known as 1,2-diaminoethane, is a colorless, highly reactive liquid with a characteristic ammonia-like odor.
It is a fundamental aliphatic diamine and serves as a pivotal building block in the synthesis of various chemical compounds.
Due to its bifunctional nature, EDA exhibits significant versatility in chemical reactions, particularly in the formation of chelates and coordination complexes.
Chemical Identity
IUPAC Name: ethane-1,2-diamine
CAS Number: 107-15-3
Molecular Formula: C₂H₈N₂
Molecular Weight: 60.10 g/mol
Synonyms:
1,2-Diaminoethane,Ethylenediamine,EDA
Ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (when in salt form),Ethanediamine
Physical and Chemical Properties
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Ammonia-like
Boiling Point: 118°C
Melting Point: -49°C
Density: 0.899 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Miscible with water, ethanol, and ether
Refractive Index: 1.448 at 20°C
Flash Point: Not flammable under standard conditions
Ethylenediamine is a basic amine and exhibits strong nucleophilic properties, making it highly reactive in various chemical reactions.
Synthesis Methods
The industrial production of ethylenediamine primarily involves the reaction of 1,2-dichloroethane with ammonia under high pressure and temperature, known as the EDC (ethylene dichloride) process.
In this process, hydrogen chloride is generated as a byproduct, which is subsequently neutralized to yield ethylenediamine
Applications
Industrial Applications
Polymer Production: EDA is utilized in the synthesis of polyamides, notably nylon 66, through condensation reactions with adipic acid.
Corrosion Inhibition: It serves as a corrosion inhibitor in various industrial applications, including in coolants and paints.
Electroplating: EDA is employed in electroplating baths to enhance the quality of metal coatings.
Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Applications
Drug Synthesis: EDA is a precursor in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, including certain antihistamines and other bioactive compounds.
Chelating Agent: It is used to form chelates with metal ions, which are important in drug formulations and biochemical applications.
Agricultural Applications
Fungicide Production: EDA is involved in the synthesis of ethylenebisdithiocarbamate fungicides, such as maneb and mancozeb.
Soil Treatment: It is used in the preparation of certain soil treatments to enhance nutrient availability.
Environmental Applications
Water Treatment: EDA derivatives are utilized in water treatment processes to remove heavy metals and other contaminants.
Biodegradable Chelating Agents: Compounds like ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are derived from EDA and are used in various environmental applications due to their ability to sequester metal ions
Safety and Toxicology
Ethylenediamine is classified as a hazardous substance.
It is corrosive and can cause severe irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.
Appropriate safety measures, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), are essential when handling EDA.
Environmental Impact
Due to its high reactivity, ethylenediamine can contribute to environmental pollution if not properly managed.
Its derivatives, such as EDTA, are persistent in the environment and can lead to the mobilization of heavy metals, posing ecological risks.
Conclusion
Ethylenediamine is a versatile and essential chemical compound with a wide array of applications across various industries, including pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and environmental management.
Its unique chemical properties facilitate the synthesis of numerous derivatives, each serving specific functions in different sectors.
However, due to its hazardous nature, careful handling and adherence to safety protocols are paramount to mitigate potential risks.
SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT ETHYLENEDIAMINE
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:
If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.
If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas
Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.
Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials
Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.
Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.
If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.
Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product
