PRODUCTS

GLYCERYL BEHENATE

Glyceryl Behenate can also be used as a hot-melt coating agent sprayed onto a powder.
Glyceryl Behenate is used widely in cosmetics as non-comedogenic (non- pimple causing substance) ingredient.
Glyceryl Behenate is also used widely as ingredient for preparation of lipidic nano-particles such as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC).

CAS Number: 77538-19-3
1-mono: 30233-64-8
1,2-di: 99880-64-5
1,3-di: 94201-62-4
tri: 18641-57-1

EC Number: 278-717-5
1-mono: 250-097-0
1,3-di: 303-650-6
tri: 242-471-7

Chem/IUPAC Name: Docosanoic acid, monoester with glycerol
Molecular Formula: C25H50O4
Molecular Weight:414.66 g/mol

SYNONYMS:
Glycerol behenate, Glycerin behenate, Glycerol docosanoate, behenic monoglyceride, Compritol 888 CG ATO/pellets, 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl docosanoate, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl docosanoate, docosanoic acid 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, docosanoic acid monoester with 1,2,3-propane triol, Exceparl G-MB, glycerol monobehenate, glyceryl monobehenate, Glyceryl behenate, 1,2,3-Propanetriol docosanoate, Docosanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl docosanoate, docosanoic acid ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol, 1,2,3-propanetriol docosanoate, Glyceryl Monobehenate, PELEMOL® GMB, Compritol 888 ATO, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl docosanoate, docosanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, E471, glycerol behenate, glyceroli dibehenas, glyceryl monobehenate

Glyceryl behenate is a saturated fatty acid (C22H43O2), a mixture of glyceryl esters of behenic acid made from glycerin and behenic acid).
The mixture contains predominately glyceryl dibehenate.
Glyceryl Behenate is a food substance generally regarded as safe by the FDA.

Glyceryl behenate is a glycol ester that is used as an excipient in tablet formulations.
Glyceryl Behenate facilitates the absorption of drugs by increasing their solubility in water and may also increase the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.

Glyceryl behenate occurs as a fine white-yellow powder, as a hard waxy mass or pellet, or as white or almost white unctuous flakes.
Glyceryl Behenate has a faint odor.
Source and PreparationGlyceryl behenate is prepared by the esterification of glycerin by behenic acid (C22 fatty acid) without the use of catalysts.

Glyceryl Behenate is a fatty acid ester, typically a mono- or di-ester of glycerol with behenic acid (a long-chain saturated fatty acid, C22:0, docosanoic acid).
Glyceryl Behenate is a solid fatty acid ester (glycerol + behenic acid) used widely in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

Glyceryl Behenate offers emollient, structuring, and emulsifying functions, giving formulations richer texture, stability and skin-feel benefits.
From a physical/chemical viewpoint, Glyceryl Behenate is highly lipophilic, melts at ~80 °C, insoluble in water, and compatible with oils and waxes.

For formulation use, Glyceryl Behenate is considered a valuable multifunctional ingredient especially in creams, lipsticks, powders, and lipid-based matrices.
Chemically, glyceryl behenate is a mixture of various esters of behenic acid and glycerol (glycerides).

The mixture predominantly contains the diester glyceryl dibehenate.
Glyceryl Behenate is a monoester of glycerin and behenic acid.
Glyceryl behenate is a mixture of glyceryl esters of behenic acid made from glycerin and behenic acid (a saturated C22 fatty acid).

The mixture contains predominantly glyceryl dibehenate.
Glyceryl Behenate is derived from the glycerides of coconut fatty acids.
Glyceryl Behenate is a fatty acid ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group at position-1 of glycerol with the carboxy group of docosanoic acid.

Glyceryl Behenate has a role as a plant metabolite and an antineoplastic agent.
Glyceryl Behenate is a 1-monoglyceride and a fatty acid ester.
Glyceryl Behenate is functionally related to a glycerol and a docosanoic acid.

Glyceryl behenate is the monoester of glycerin and behenic acid.
Glyceryl behenate may be plant-derived or synthetic.
Glyceryl Behenate has a proven track record of safety in cosmetic use, which was most recently reaffirmed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel in 2020.

From a chemical perspective, glyceryl behenate is a monoester of glycerol and behenic acid.
Glycerol is known for Glyceryl Behenate's softening, moisturising and protective properties.
Behenic acid, on the other hand, is naturally present in rapeseed oil and peanut oil.

Glyceryl Behenate is a derivative of coconut fatty acids.
The glyceryl behenate can be of synthetic or plant origin.
Glyceryl Behenate is found in the food, pharmaceutical and in skin and hair care sectors.

In Typology skincare, glyceryl behenate is of synthetic origin.
In cosmetics, glyceryl behenate is well tolerated by the skin; it is approved for organic use.
Glyceryl Behenate is a monoester of glycin with behenic acid (C22).

Glyceryl Behenate is a high-molecular-weight solid ester that melts at about 70°C, and its properties are similar to those of Behenyl Behenate.
Glyceryl Behenate is an off-white to yellow coarse powder insoluble in water, ethanol, and propylene glycol.
Glyceryl Behenate is miscible in warm mineral and natural oils.

When added to the oil phase of an emulsion, Glyceryl Behenate enhances richness, body, and viscosity and, probably most importantly, tends to stabilize the emulsion.
Glyceryl Behenate adds emolliency to any formulation and can be a melting point modifier.

Glyceryl Behenate is formulator-friendly, possessing good solubility in warm oils, silicones, and esters.
Additionally, Glyceryl Behenate, having a long hydrophobic tail on one end of the molecule and hydroxyl groups at the other end, can function as an ethylene oxide-free, low HLB emulsifier.

Glyceryl Behenate's properties enable its use in lipsticks, decorative cosmetics, creams, and lotions.
Glyceryl Behenate is a safe ingredient that is non-irritating to skin and eyes.
Depending on the application, Glyceryl Behenate's use levels range from 2 to 10%.

USES and APPLICATIONS of GLYCERYL BEHENATE:
Glyceryl behenate is used in the pharmaceutical industry as an excipient in tablets and capsules and as a lubricant.
Glyceryl behenate is used as an absorption enhancer for cefpodoxime proxetil, which is a drug used to treat bacterial infections.
Glyceryl Behenate may also have therapeutic effects on alopecia areata, a disease characterized by hair loss.

The thermodynamic data indicate that glyceryl behenate has low bioavailability due to its insolubility in aqueous media and its lack of affinity for lipid membranes.
In cosmetics: Glyceryl Behenate is used as an emollient, emulsifying agent, structuring/viscosity-controlling agent in creams, lotions, lipsticks, pressed powders, foundations, etc.

In pharmaceuticals: Glyceryl Behenate is used as a lubricant, coating excipient for tablets/capsules, sometimes in lipid-based drug delivery systems (solid lipid nanoparticles) because of its long-chain fatty structure.
In food industry: some forms have been listed under FDA regulations (for example as additive/excipient).

Glyceryl behenate is used in cosmetics, foods, and oral pharmaceutical formulations.
In pharmaceutical formulations, glyceryl behenate is mainly used as a lubricant in the preparation of oral tablets and capsules.

Glyceryl Behenate has good binding properties, it does not affect tablet hardness and is unaffected by mixing or production parameters.
Glyceryl behenate has been investigated for the encapsulation of various drugs such as retinoids.

Glyceryl Behenate has also been investigated for use in the preparation of sustained-release tablets; as a matrix-forming agent for the controlled release of water-soluble drugs; and it can also be used as a hot-melt coating agent sprayed onto a powder or drug-loaded sugar beads and granules.

Glyceryl Behenate may also be incorporated via extrusion/spheronization into pellets, which can be further compressed into tablets.
Glyceryl Behenate is used as an emollient, structuring/viscosity agent, emulsifier and excipient in cosmetics, food and pharmaceutical formulations.

Glyceryl Behenate acts as an emollient, lubricant, and/or emulsifier in a cosmetic preparation.
Uses of Glyceryl Behenate: Food additive.
Glyceryl Behenate is used as a carrier in lipid-based colloidal drug delivery system.

Glyceryl behenate is a fat used in cosmetics, foods, and oral pharmaceutical formulations.
In cosmetics, Glyceryl Behenate is mainly used as a viscosity-increasing agent in emulsions.
In pharmaceutical formulations, glyceryl behenate is mainly used as a tablet and capsule lubricant and as a lipidic coating excipient.

Glyceryl Behenate has been investigated for the encapsulation of various drugs such as retinoids.
Glyceryl Behenate has also been investigated for use in the preparation of sustained release tablets as a matrix-forming agent for the controlled release of water-soluble drugs and as a lubricant in oral solid dosage formulations.

Glyceryl Behenate is also used widely as ingredient for preparation of lipidic nano-particles such as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC).
In cosmetic formulas, Glyceryl Behenate’s used as an emollient and aids the integration of key ingredients into skin’s surface while helping to impart a smooth, soft feel.

Glyceryl Behenate can also function as an emulsifier and formulary texture enhancer.
In its powdered form Glyceryl Behenate can also serve as a compressing agent in pressed powder cosmetic products.

Glyceryl Behenate is a fat used in cosmetics.
Glyceryl Behenate is mainly used as a viscosity-increasing agent in emulsions.

FUNCTION(S) of GLYCERYL BEHENATE IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS
*SKIN CONDITIONING - EMOLLIENT
Glyceryl Behenate softens and smoothens the skin

*SURFACTANT - EMULSIFYING
Glyceryl Behenate allows the formation of finely dispersed mixtures of oil and water (emulsions)

GLYCERYL BEHENATE AT A GLANCE:
Emollient formed by the combination of glycerin + behenic acid
Glyceryl Behenate aids the integration of key ingredients into skin’s surface and imparts a smooth, soft feel
Glyceryl Behenate can also function as an emulsifier and formulary texture enhancer
Glyceryl Behenate is also used as a thickening or gelling agent for oils or oil phases of emulsions
Proven track record of safety in cosmetic use

FUNCTIONS (INCI) of GLYCERYL BEHENATE:
*Emollient :
Glyceryl Behenate softens and smoothes the skin

*Emulsifying :
Glyceryl Behenate promotes the formation of intimate mixtures between immiscible liquids by modifying the interfacial tension (water and oil)

CHARACTERISTICS RELEVANT TO FORMULATION of GLYCERYL BEHENATE:
Glyceryl Behenate helps stabilize emulsions by increasing viscosity and modifying melt behaviour.
For example, when added to the oil phase of an emulsion it enhances richness and body.
Because Glyceryl Behenate is a solid at room temperature, it can aid in formulations where a semi-solid or “stick” form is required (e.g., lipsticks, balms).

Its high lipophilicity means Glyceryl Behenate is effective in oil phases but would not contribute to water-soluble phases.
Glyceryl Behenate is regarded as non-comedogenic (does not clog pores) according to some supplier/ingredient reports (especially in cosmetics usage).

FUNCTIONS of GLYCERYL BEHENATE:
*Emollient
*Emulsifier
*Viscosity controlling agent
*Emulsion stabilizer

GLYCERYL BEHENATE IS PRESENT IN:
Glyceryl Behenate is present in 0.53% of cosmetics.
*Mascara (9.15%)
*Lip cream (5.26%)
*Bb cream (3.63%)
*Anti-aging night face cream (3.05%)
*Lip balm (2.85%)

FUNCTIONS of GLYCERYL BEHENATE:
Glyceryl Behenate is primarily used for two functions:

**Emollient:
Glyceryl Behenate makes the formulas pleasant to the touch and soft upon application, facilitating their deposit on the skin, mucous membranes such as the lips, or even the hair.

**Emulsifier:
Composed of a lipophilic part (which is attracted to fats) and a hydrophilic part (which is attracted to water), the glyceryl behenate positions itself at the interface of oily and aqueous phases.

Glyceryl Behenate thus enables the dispersion of these two fractions that are originally non-miscible.
Glyceryl Behenate works by altering the interfacial tension between droplets of water or hydrophilic molecules and lipid droplets.
Glyceryl Behenate is therefore present in certain cosmetic formulas of the emulsion type (creams, foundations, milks...).

PROPERTIES & BENEFITS (FOR FORMULATORS / USERS) of GLYCERYL BEHENATE:
Because of its long hydrophobic (behenic acid) chain and glycerol moiety, Glyceryl Behenate offers excellent occlusive/emollient properties, helping the skin feel soft and smooth.

As a high-melting solid (melts around ~80°C), Glyceryl Behenate can act as a structuring agent in formulations (e.g., in waxy/solid emulsions, balm formulations) to impart body, viscosity, and stability.

Glyceryl Behenate can function as an emulsifier — especially in oil-phase heavy/low-aqueous formulations — owing to its amphiphilic nature (glycerol head + long fatty acid tail) though its HLB is low (so it is better for water-in-oil or low-aqueous systems).

Glyceryl Behenate is described as “formulator-friendly” and commonly used in decorative cosmetics (lipsticks, powders) due to compatibility with oils and ability to enhance glide/texture.

FUNCTION(S) of GLYCERYL BEHENATE IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS:
*SKIN CARE (SMOOTHING)
Glyceryl Behenate makes the skin smooth and supple

*SURFACTANT (EMULSIFYING) - EMULSIFIER
Glyceryl Behenate allows the formation of finely distributed mixtures of oil and water (emulsions)

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of GLYCERYL BEHENATE:
CAS Number: 77538-19-3
1-mono: 30233-64-8
1,2-di: 99880-64-5
1,3-di: 94201-62-4
tri: 18641-57-1
EC Number: 278-717-5
1-mono: 250-097-0
1,3-di: 303-650-6
tri: 242-471-7

Chemical formula: Variable
Molar mass: Variable
Other(deleted CASRN):75882-34-7
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:250-097-0
FDA UNII:A626UU0W2A
Nikkaji Web:J1.135.004F
XlogP3-AA:9.40 (est)
Molecular Weight:414.67030000
Formula:C25 H50 O4

Assay:95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed:No
Boiling Point:533.77 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point:328.00 °F. TCC ( 164.60 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w):9.196 (est)
Soluble in:water, 0.0001167 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
CBNumber:CB3935187
Molecular Formula:C25H50O4
Molecular Weight:414.66
Melting Point: 83-84°C

Storage Temp.: Refrigerator, under inert atmosphere
Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly)
Form: Solid
Color: White to Off-White
LogP: 9.354 (est)
CAS DataBase Reference: 77538-19-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
FDA 21 CFR: 184.1328
Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): GLYCERYL BEHENATE
EWG's Food Scores: 2-4
FDA UNII: R8WTH25YS2
CAS No: [77538-19-3]
Product Code: FG145186
MDL No: MFCD00273075

Chemical Formula: C25H50O4
Molecular Weight: 414.66 g/mol
Smiles: CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)O
Long Term Storage: store at 10°C - 25°C
Chemical formula (representative): C₅H₁₀O₄ ??? (No – for the actual compound: one reference gives formula C₂₅H₅₀O₄ for CAS 77538-19-3)
Molecular weight (for C₂₅H₅₀O₄): ~414.66 g/mol.
Appearance: reported as a white to off-white solid (powder or granular) for CAS 77538-19-3.
Melting point: about 83-84 °C for the CAS 77538-19-3 form.
Solubility: Insoluble in water; only slightly soluble in chloroform (for the powdered form).
Log P (estimated): ~9.354 (very lipophilic) for CAS 77538-19-3.
Functional behaviour in formulations: When used in oils/warm oil phases, it is miscible in warm natural oils and mineral oils; it is not miscible in water or hydrophilic solvents at ordinary temperature.

FIRST AID MEASURES of GLYCERYL BEHENATE:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of GLYCERYL BEHENATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of GLYCERYL BEHENATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of GLYCERYL BEHENATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of GLYCERYL BEHENATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of GLYCERYL BEHENATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available