PRODUCTS

GLYCERYL OLEATE

Synonyms: Monoolein; 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl oleate; 1-Monoolein; 111-03-5, Glyceryl monooleate; 1-Oleoylglycerol; 1-Oleoyl-rac-glycerol

The attachment of glycerin and oleic acid that works mainly as a co-emulsifier and stabilizer to create stable water-oil mixes, aka emulsions. It is also popular in cleansing products as it helps to thicken them up and has some refatting and skin-smoothing effect.

CAS Number: 25496-72-4

Synonyms:
Monoolein; 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl oleate; 1-Monoolein; 111-03-5, Glyceryl monooleate; 1-Oleoylglycerol; 1-Oleoyl-rac-glycerol; Glycerin 1-monooleate; Glyceryl oleate; Glycerol 1-monooleate; 1-Glyceryl oleate; 1-Monooleoylglycerol; rac-1-Monoolein; Aldo HMO; Aldo MO; Glycerol oleat; Danisco MO 90; GLYCEROL MONOOLEATE; 1-Monooleoyl-rac glycerol; Monooleoylglycerol; Oleic monoglyceride; rac-1-Monooleoylglycerol; Olein, 1-mono-; Oleoylglycerol; Olicine; Peceol; Supeol; alpha-Monoolein; Sinnoester ogc; Oleylmonoglyceride; Dimodan LSQK; Emalsy MO; Emalsy OL; Glycerol alpha-monooleate; 1-Oleylglycerol; Adchem GMO; Edenor GMO; Emcol O; Kessco GMO; Nikkol MGO; Glycerin monooleate; Mazol GMO; Monoglyceryl oleate; Olein, mono-; Glyceryl 1-oleate; Monoolein (VAN); Glycerine monooleate; Glycolube 100; 1-Mono(cis-9-octacenoyl)glycerol; Harowax L 9; Rikemal ol 100; Aldo MO-FG; Arlacel 129; Dimodan GMO 90; Rikemal O 71D; Sunsoft O 30B; Kemester 2000; Emasol MO 50; Loxiol G 10; Alkamuls GMO 45LG; Emerest 2421; Monomuls 90018; AJAX GMO; Excel O 95F; Excel O 95N,; Excel O 95R; Aldo 40; Canamex Glicepol 182; Emrite 6009; Oleic acid monoglyceride; Oleoyl glycerol; Emuldan RYLO-MG 90; Atmer 1007; Dur-Em 204; 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-rac-glycerol; Dur-EM 114; Glyceryl Monooleate (VAN); .alpha.-Monoolein; Oleic acid glycerol monoester; Emery oleic acid ester 2221; Glycerol alpha-cis-9-octadecenate; 25496-72-4; Oleic acid, monoester with glycerol; EINECS 247-038-6; MFCD00042735; OL 100; rac-Glycerol 1-monooleate; giliserin oleat; glıserın oleat; gılıserin oleat; gılıserın oleat; gliserin oleate; gliserin oleyat; glyceryl oleyat; glycerily oleate; glyseril oleat; glyseril oleate; glyceril oleat; glyceril oleyat

GLYCERYL OLEATE
GLYCERYL OLEATE
GLYCERYL OLEATE is classified as :
Emollient
Emulsifying
Perfuming
CAS Number   25496-72-4 / 111-03-5
EINECS/ELINCS No:   247-038-6
COSING REF No:   76237
Chem/IUPAC Name:   Oleic acid, monoester with glycerol

What Is It?
Glyceryl Oleate, also called, Glyceryl Monooleate, is obtained from naturally occurring oils and fats. It occurs as a clear amber or pale yellow liquid. In cosmetics and personal care products, it is predominantly used in the formulation of lipsticks, eye shadows, makeup bases, and skin care products.

Why is it used in cosmetics and personal care products?
Glyceryl Oleate helps to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified. It also functions as a skin conditioning agent - emollient.

Scientific Facts:
Glyceryl Oleate is the ester of glycerin and oleic acid. It is produced from oils that contain high concentrations of oleic acid, such as olive oil, peanut oil, teaseed oil or pecan oil.
Glyceryl Oleate

Glyceryl oleate is the monoester of glycerin and oleic acid. It's part of the hair lipids and skin lipids and has re-fating properties. Used as emulsifier and nonionic co-surfactant in various skin and hair care products. Creates water-in-oil emulsions (HLB value 3.5) but can also be used as a co-emulsifier and thickener for oil-in-water formulations. Saponification value: 160-180. Pale yellow soft solid, becomes liquid at temperatures above 21°C (70°F), bland odor. Soluble in oil.

Benefits:
Emulsifies water and oil phase to form water-in-oil emulsions
Acts as stabilizer and thickener in oil-in-water formulations
Widely used as re-fatting agent in shower gels and hair shampoos

Use: Add to oil/emulsifier phase of formulas. Typical use level: 0.5-3%. If used in surfactant systems, typical use level is 0.5-1% which should still keep shampoos clearand transparent. For external use only.

Applications: Creams, lotions, shampoos, shower gels, liquid soaps, hair pomades.

Country of Origin: USA

Raw material source: Fatty acids derived from coconut and palm oil.

Manufacture: Glyceryl oleate is produced by combining naturally derived oleic acid with glycerin.

Animal Testing: Not animal tested

Vegan: Does not contain animal-derived components

What Is It?
Glyceryl Oleate, also called, Glyceryl Monooleate, is obtained from naturally occurring oils and fats. It occurs as a clear amber or pale yellow liquid. In cosmetics
and personal care products, it is predominantly used in the formulation of lipsticks, eye shadows, makeup bases, and skin care products.

Safety Information:
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) includes Glyceryl Oleate on its list of direct food substances considered Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS). The safety of Glyceryl Oleate has been assessed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel. The CIR Expert Panel evaluated the scientific data and concluded that Glyceryl Oleate was safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the present practices of use and concentration. In 2004, as part of the scheduled re-evaluation of ingredients, the CIR Expert Panel considered available new data on Glyceryl Oleate and reaffirmed the above conclusion.

More safety Information:
CIR Safety Review: The metabolic products of Glyceryl Oleate are glycerol and oleic acid. Data on the safety of glycerides, glycerol, oleic acid and sodium oleate were supportive of the safety of Glyceryl Oleate. A single exposure to undiluted Glyceryl Oleate in dermal irritation studies produced only minimal irritation.

In a 4-week dermal toxicity/phototoxicity study, product formulations containing up to 5% Glyceryl Oleate produced slight reversible dermal irritation. Minimal to moderate eye irritation was produced by undiluted Glyceryl Oleate. Long term oral exposure to large doses of Glyceryl Oleate was not clearly associated with tumorformation. Irritation, sensitization or phototoxic effects were not observed in humans exposed to formulations containing Glyceryl Oleate. Based on the information included in the report, the CIR Expert Panel concluded that Glyceryl Oleate was safe as a cosmetic ingredient.

Glyceryl Oleate is obtained by an esterification process of glycerol and oleic acid both of vegetable origin. A hair lipid and skin lipid with re-fating properties. Used as emulsifier and nonionic co-surfactant in various skin and hair care products. A versatile co-emulsifier which can be used for W/O and O/W emulsions at dosage levels of approx. 3% and 6%. As a hair or skin conditioning agent in surfactant based cleansing formulations up to 1.5% resulting in clear products.

Characteristics
A slightly yellowish pastry, when used in emulsions Glyceryl Oleate is able to give consistency to the formulations and builds fine structured textures. Apart from that Glyceryl Oleate is known to be part of the composition of human skin surface lipids. Even in the so called vernix caseosa of new born babies which helps to prevent the virgin skin from drying.

Applied in a cosmetic formulation it penetrates into the stratum corneum and enhances the skin elasticity. Used in body washes Glyceryl Oleate reduces the skin roughness caused by the surfactants.

Glyceryl Oleate is also part of human hair lipids. Once adsorbed from the hair it reduces the roughness and thus decreases combing force of wet hair and enhances the hair gloss.

How to use
Glyceryl oleate is a versatile emulsifier or co-emulsifier which can be used for W/O and O/W emulsions at dosage levels of approx. 3% - 6%. As a hair or skin conditioning agent in surfactant based cleansing formulations levels up to 1,5% resulting in clear products

Recommended Usage Level
3 - 6% Co-Emulsifier
0.1 - 1.5% Skin Conditioner

Maximum Usage Level
6% (Recommeneded, not maximum by regulations)

Products to Use in
Skin Cream
Body Wash
Baby Care
Shampoo
Hair Conditioner
Precautions
When blending always take the following precautions:

Use gloves (disposable are ideal)
Take care when handling hot oils
Wear eye protection
Work in a well ventilated room
Keep ingredients and hot oils away from children
If ingested, seek immediate medical advice
If contact made with eyes, rinse immediately with clean warm water and seek medical advice if in any doubt.
Safety First
In addition to our precautions and general safety information, we always recommend keeping a first aid kit nearby. You are working with hot water and oils, accidents
can happen, so always be prepared!

Glyceryl Oleate is a yellowish compound produced by the esterification of two plant-derived constituents, glyceryl, and oleic acid. It is found in hair and skin lipids.Also, It is also possible to derive glyceryl oleate from fruit sugars and coconut or produce it in laboratories from glycerin and plant-derived oils. Glyceryl oleatefor hair works as an excellent conditioner and glossing agent. For concerns about toxic surfactant ingredients in shampoos and hair products, glyceryl oleate serves
as a natural, safer alternative that is also water friendly and biodegradable.

Glyceryl Oleate for Hair Products as an Alternative to Sodium Laureth Sulfate
More consumers are becoming aware that synthetic surfactant ingredients in beauty and grooming products are potentially harmful to the body and the environment.

Glyceryl oleate for hair and skin products helps to fulfill the demand for natural surfactants. It is most commonly derived from natural plant-based sources like glycerin, and vegetarian oils with high oleic acid content.

The most widely used synthetic surfactant in hair beauty products is sodium laureth sulfate (not to be confused with sodium lauryl sulfate). It is used in shampoos, conditioners and frizz taming agents.

Experts believe that sodium laureth sulfate can damage the hair follicle, as well as the liver, skin, and eyes. FDA reports also document that it causes fuzzy, dry
hair, as this chemical aggressively strips the hair of natural oils.

Sodium laureth sulfate can denature protein structures in the skin. This may lead to DNA sequence mutations that contribute to cancer. Alterations in epidermal
proteins may lead to irritation that allows other contaminants to enter deeper regions of the skin.

Once in the body, sodium laureth sulfate mimics the female sex hormone known as estrogen. Various health imbalances may arise including PMS, menopausal symptoms and a higher risk of breast cancer.

Sodium laureth sulfate stays in the body longer since the liver is not able to break it down. The body then expends more energy trying to eliminate it.

Additionally, synthetic surfactants like sodium laureth sulfate end up in our wastewater as pollutants that harm aquatic life and even threaten the safety of tap water. The good news is that effective natural alternatives are available.

Glyceryl Oleate for Hair as a Natural Surfactant
Glyceryl oleate works as a surfactant. Surfactants are emulsifiers. They prevent ingredient mixtures from separating into their liquid and oil components. Also, they ensure that product ingredients maintain an even consistency, by forming a condensed liquid layer capable of distributing itself uniformly on a surface, like the skin or outer layer of hair shafts.

Surfactants are necessary for creating various desirable properties in grooming products:

Foaming
Cleansing
Lubricating and protecting (e.g, shaving creams)
The Glyceryl oleate molecule has a hydrophilic (water-loving) end and a hydrophobic (water repelling) end. It can bind to oil and water based ingredients, helping to mix and combine them evenly. It also gently cleanses surface oils by binding to the oil and then allowing it to be rinsed away by water.

Glyceryl Oleate Formula for Natural Hair Conditioners
Glyceryl oleate's properties make it suitable for conditioning and adding shine to the hair.

Glyceryl oleate is composed of glycerin and oleic acid. Glycerin is a hydrophilic compound which attracts moisture from the air, helping to soften the hair.

Oleic acid prevents the loss of water from hair strands, leaving them feeling softer and pliable, not brittle dry and coarse.

Glyceryl oleate is an excellent choice for hair conditioners and glosses as it works to hydrate the hair. It's ability to soften counteracts tendencies towards dryness and frizziness.

Glyceryl Oleate for Hair Gloss as a Natural Alternative to Silicone
Hair glossing products are used to produce a shiny sleek texture. They often contain silicone which only creates a short-term effect. However, silicone coats the hair and even accumulates. Hair then develops a dry, frizzy texture.

Silicone is also considered harmful to the environment. It is being studied by the EU Commision to see if it fits under their PBT classification. (Persistent, Bioaccumulative and Toxic)

Glyceryl oleate for hair glossing is an environmentally friendly and better long-term alternative to silicone. As it infuses strands with moisture and tames dryness and frizziness, it leaves hair with a natural-looking sheen.

Glyceryl Oleate in Sulfate Free Shampoo
Sulfate free shampoo products and conditioners are increasing in demand. Sulfates are what gives shampoos their high foaming properties, allowing them to also remove buildup from the sebum that our scalps produce.

Industrial strength sodium laureth sulfate is also used to strip the grease from automobile engines.

In the hair beauty industry, shampoos with sulfates have developed the reputation of causing frizziness, dryness and fading to applied hair color. This is why salons offering keratin treatments and Brazilian blowouts will recommend that their clients use sulfate free shampoos and conditioners.

Glyceryl oleate in sulfate free shampoo products provides cleansing effectiveness without removing excessive amounts of natural oil from the hair while moisturizing the strands.

Research on Glyceryl Oleate Formula to Improve Skin Penetration and Bioavailability
While glyceryl oleate for hair can be used to improve texture, it may also be promising for enhancing the effectiveness of topically applied scalp treatments that fight inflammation and counter the signs of hair loss

Topical treatments must be able to reach deeper skin layers and become bioavailable in desired quantities.

Researchers conducted an experiment to see if a microemulsion formulation, using a pseudo-ternary phase diagram, could improve the skin permeation of lidocaine. They constructed this emulsion system using glyceryl oleate and polyoxyl 40 fatty acid derivatives, along with tetraglycol, isopropyl, palmitate, and water could improve the skin permeation of lidocaine.

They observed a desirable accumulation of the drug in the in between the layers of the microemulsion and found that their glyceryl oleate formula increased the
droplet size of lidocaine.

Through in-vitro experimentation, they found that the glyceryl oleate microemulsion significantly improved skin penetration. Their in-vivo testing phase showed that this formulation succeeded in improving the bioavailability of the lidocaine.

The findings of the lidocaine study may be generalized to support the potential of this compound to act as a safe and effective skin penetrant within the context of the topical scalp and skin formulations. Glyceryl oleate for hair loss treatment products, applied externally, may offer promise to help enhance the potency of treatment results.

In another experiment, researchers found that glyceryl oleate was able to enhance skin penetration in mice to enhance the bioavailability of finasteride and flutamide . As a result, the scientists were able to significantly improve hair growth in these animal subjects.

Glyceryl Oleate for Hair and Skin as an Environmentally Friendly Ingredient
Glyceryl oleate is considered biodegradable, capable of being broken down by microbes like bacteria. Unlike sodium laureth sulfate or silicone, it is a hair product ingredient derived from natural plant sources, for the most part. And it is not considered to be an environmental pollutant by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Glyceryl Oleate Safety
Glyceryl oleate is considered safe and effective for use in cosmetic products in concentrations up to 5%,

According to Tablet Wise, it is safe for consumption or used during pregnancy or during breastfeeding.

Studies show that glyceryl oleate for hair will not irritate the skin. Nor will it act as a photosensitizer. In rare instances, it may contribute to minor or moderate forms of eye irritation.

The Cosmetic Ingredient Review considers glyceryl oleate to be a safe ingredient for cosmetics. Whole Foods has assessed it to meet their standards for their body care product quality. The FDA has categorized glyceryl oleate as Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) in the context of being a direct human food ingredient.

Frequently Asked Questions - Glyceryl Oleate for Hair
How can I find the right glyceryl oleate shampoo for my hair? If you do an online search, you will find many brands of glyceryl oleate shampoo. Read the reviews provided by other people who have bought the product. Pay attention to the testimonies provided by people with a similar hair type as yours. And also consider an appropriate price point for your budget.

What types of oils are used to make glyceryl oleate?
The oils used for producing glyceryl oleate will have high concentration levels of oleic acid. Examples include peanut oil, pecan oil, olive oil and teaseed oil.

Glyceryl Oleate Citrate is one of many glyceryl monoesters (an organic compound formed by an acid and an alcohol). It is a fatty acid monoglyceride (a lipid, an ester of glycerol and one fatty acid) used as an emulsifier and stabilizer for water-in-oil emusions. Ultimately, Glyceryl Oleate Citrate is a compound used most often in cosmetics and beauty products as a fragrance ingredient (in part due to the pleasant fragrance naturally found in esters); a skin-conditioning agent; an emollient; a surfactant; or an emulsifying agent

Glyceryl oleate, also called glyceryl monooleate, is a clear or light yellow liquid derived from olive oil, peanut oil, pecan oil or teaseed oil. It has a sweet odor and a fatty taste; it melts at around 77 degrees Fahrenheit. It does not dissolve in water but dissolves in oil.

What it does in our products
Glyceryl oleate can be used as an emollient to keep products blended together; it can also be a flavoring agent in food - often in baked goods or baking mixes, beverages, gum and meat products. In our products, however, glyceryl oleate is used for its most common purpose - to bind moisture to the skin. It is a common ingredient in sunscreen and hundreds of other cosmetic products.

How it's made
Glyceryl oleate is the ester of glycerin and oleic acid. Glyceryl esters are esters that are primarily fatty acid mono- and diglycerides or triglycerides modified by reaction with other alcohols.Glyceryl oleate is made by partially hydrolyzing tri- and diglycerides by esterification of glycerol with oleic acid or by glycerolysis of common fats and oils. The glycerolysis of fats and oils, a transesterification reaction, is a common commercial production method for monoglycerides. The basic ingredients for commercially produced monoglycerides are partially or fully hydrogenated deodorized vegetable oils, glycerol, and sodium hydroxide as a catalyst.Glycerin is typically a byproduct of the products of soap and fatty acids; oleic acid is usually obtained by hydrolyzing natural fats or pine sap derivatives. The fats can be vegetable or animal-derived, though we only use the vegetable-derived versions, which are commonly sourced from soybeans, cottonseed, corn and canola.

Why we use it
We use glyceryl oleate in several of our products as a moisturizer. Several studies find that the ingredient does not irritate skin or act as a sensitizer; itproduces minimal to moderate eye irritation. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review has deemed the ingredient safe for use in cosmetics. Whole Foods has deemed the ingredient acceptable in its body care and cleaning product quality standards.Though glyceryl oleate is used topically in our products, the FDA has deemed it Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) as a direct human food ingredient; the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Health Organization
has also deemed it safe as a flavoring agent.

Is Glyceryl Oleate Safe For A Baby?
Is Glyceryl Oleate Safe For Baby - Yes. It is used a lot in skin care products because of its ability to heal and prevent stubborn problems such as eczema, dandruff, and dry skin. Glyceryl oleate even occurs naturally in the womb, helping to ensure your baby stays hydrated.

Glyceryl oleate is an excellent example of a very "synthetic sounding name" that is produced by natural products. In fact, it owes its source to plants. That's why it's important to make sure you understand what you are buying. Although some names are very long and "scientific-sounding," their components are quite healthy for humans. Glyceryl oleate is one such compound.

Historic Origins Of Glyceryl Oleate
Glyceryl Oleate is a result of the esterification of Glycerin and Oleic acid, also known as Omega-9. Both of these vital components originate from vegetable and plant oils . When acids are heated with alcohols, the process is called esterification. The resulting compound is called an ester. They can be either monoglycerides (1 fatty acid), diglycerides (2 chains of fatty acids) or triglycerides (3 fatty acids). Glyceryl is a monoglyceride Some esters contain very precious properties.

Glyceryl Oleate can also be created through other methods, such as, partial glycerolysis of natural fats that comprise the main triglycerides of oleic acid. In either case, water is added to break the molecule and make the ester, glyceryl oleate.

Oils used that can produce high amounts of Oleic acid for the esterification of glyceryl oleate are olive oil, peanut oil, pecan oil, or teased oil . As you are probably aware, oil and water do not mix well. As an emulsifier, it helps maintain the consistency of the chemical mixture of the product. As an emulsifier and co-surfactant, it is used in hair and skin products because of these conditioning properties. Glyceryl oleate is slightly yellowish in appearance and pastry in texture.

Glyceryl oleate citrate is also called Dihydroxypropyl Oleate, Dihydroxypropyl Ester, Glycerin Monooleate, Octadecenoic Acid, Dihydroxypropyl Ester or Monoester With 1,2,3-Propanetriol .

Benefits Of Glyceryl Oleate For Babies
Is Glyceryl Oleate Safe For A Baby? - Glyceryl oleate is used in a wide array of face and body products because of its skin-friendly benefits. One of its significant
roles in cosmetic products is its ability to thicken emulsions.

There are two types of emulsifiers: the oil-in-water emulsifier (O/W) and the water-in-oil (W/O). O/W emulsifiers keep oil in water, and W/O does the opposite. O/W emulsifiers are mostly used in slightly heavier creams such as sunblocks and night creams while the W/O emulsifier complements moisturizing products . Because of its emulsifying properties, glyceryl oleate is a crucial ingredient in creating lotions, hand creams, liquid soaps, shampoos, and body gels

Oleate is particularly beneficial to people with dehydrated skin types since it contains a high amount of oleic acid. The oleic acid helps smoothes the skin by
providing a protective barrier that hampers moisture loss .

Glyceryl Oleate

Natural in origin, Glyceryl Oleate is the ester of glycerin and oleic acid. It is produced from oils that contain high concentrations of oleic acid, such as olive oil, peanut oil, tea seed oil or pecan oil. It is used as an emulsifier, an ingredient to mix oil and water, in natural cosmetic products.

Glyceryl oleate is an emulsifier that helps bind ingredients together to form and retain a shape - for example the shape of a candle. For this reason, it is also commonly found in cosmetics like lipsticks and eye shadows. Like other emulsifiers, glyceryl oleate also helps prevent separation in a formula. We add emulsifiers to our products where needed to ensure that products provide the same performance use after use.

Glyceryl oleate
Learn all about glyceryl oleate, including how it's made, and why Puracy uses glyceryl oleate in our products.

Derived from: olive oil
Pronunciation: (ˈglis-rəl \ˈō-lē-ˌāt)
Type: Naturally-derived
Other names: glyceryl monooleate
What Is Glyceryl oleate?
Glyceryl oleate, also called glyceryl monooleate, is a clear or light yellow liquid derived from olive oil, peanut oil, pecan oil, or teaseed oil.[1,2] It has a sweet odor and a fatty taste; it melts at around 77 degrees Fahrenheit. It does not dissolve in water but dissolves in oil.[3,4]

What Does Glyceryl oleate Do in Our products?
Glyceryl oleate can be used as an emollient to keep products blended together; it can also be a flavoring agent in food — often in baked goods or baking mixes, beverages, gum, and meat products.[5] In our products, however, glyceryl oleate is used for its most common purpose — to bind moisture to the skin. It is a common ingredient in sunscreen and hundreds of other cosmetic products.[6]

Why Puracy Uses Glyceryl oleate
We use glyceryl oleate in several of our products as a moisturizer. Several studies find that the ingredient does not irritate skin or act as a sensitizer; it produces minimal to moderate eye irritation.[11,12] The Cosmetic Ingredient Review has deemed the ingredient safe for use in cosmetics.[13] Whole Foods has deemed the ingredient acceptable in its body care and cleaning product quality standards.[14,15] Though glyceryl oleate is used topically in our products, the FDA has deemed it generally recognized as safe (GRAS) as a direct human food ingredient; the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Health Organization has also deemed it safe as a flavoring agent.[16,17]

How Glyceryl oleate Is Made
Glyceryl oleate is the ester of glycerin and oleic acid. Glyceryl esters are esters that are primarily fatty acid mono- and diglycerides or triglycerides modified by reaction with other alcohols.[7] Glyceryl oleate is made by partially hydrolyzing tri- and diglycerides by esterification of glycerol with oleic acid or by glycerolysis of common fats and oils. The glycerolysis of fats and oils, a transesterification reaction, is a common commercial production method for monoglycerides.[8] The basic ingredients for commercially produced monoglycerides are partially or fully hydrogenated deodorized vegetable oils, glycerol, and sodium hydroxide as a catalyst.[9] Glycerin is typically a byproduct of the products of soap and fatty acids; oleic acid is usually obtained by hydrolyzing natural fats or pine sap derivatives. The fats can be vegetable or animal-derived, though we only use the vegetable-derived versions, which are commonly sourced from soybeans, cottonseed, corn, and canola.