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Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is a saturated cycloaliphatic anhydride widely used as a curing agent for epoxy resins, a chemical intermediate in polymer synthesis, and a modifier in specialty coatings, adhesives, composites, and electrical encapsulation systems.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) provides excellent chemical resistance, improved flexibility, low color, and enhanced electrical insulation properties when used in epoxy curing.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is also valued for its low viscosity, good thermal stability, and compatibility with a wide range of resin systems.
CAS Number: 85-42-7
EC Number: 201-604-9
Molecular Formula: C₈H₁₀O₃
Molecular Weight: 154.16 g/mol
Synonyms: Hexahydrophthalic Anhydride, HHPA, 1,2-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Anhydride, Hydrogenated Phthalic Anhydride, Hexahydro-1,3-Isobenzofurandione, Cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic Anhydride, MHHPA (for mixed isomers), Epoxy Curing Anhydride, Aliphatic Anhydride, Acid Anhydride, Hexahydro-o-Phthalic Anhydride, Hexahydrophthalic Dianhydride (informal), Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Acid Anhydride, Hydrogenated Cyclohexane Anhydride, Saturated Phthalic Anhydride, Aliphatic Anhydride HHPA, Epoxy Hardener Hexahydrophthalic Anhydride, HHPA Thermoset Hardener, HHPA Polymer Hardened, HHPA Plastic Additive, HHPA Adhesive Hardener, HHPA Coating Hardener, HHPA Electrical Resin Hardener, HHPA Insulation Resin Hardener, HHPA High-Heat Hardener, HHPA Low-Viscosity Hardener, HHPA Long-Pot-Life Hardener, HHPA Cycloaliphatic Curing Agent, HHPA Weather-Resistant Hardener, HHPA Chemical Raw Material, HHPA Fine Chemical, Specialty Chemical HHPA, HHPA Epoxy System Component, HHPA Liquid Cycloaliphatic Anhydride, HHPA High-Performance Anhydride, HHPA Saturated Anhydride, HHPA Resin Crosslinker, HHPA Polymer Modifier, HHPA Toughening Agent, HHPA Structural Resin Hardener, HHPA Impregnation Resin Component, HHPA Electronics-Grade Hardener, HHPA Encapsulation Hardener, HHPA Casting Resin Hardener, HHPA Dielectric Resin Additive, HHPA Transformer Oil Resin Hardener, HHPA Electrical Component Additive, 3,4,5,6-Tetrahydrophthalic Anhydride (related isomer family), Hydrogenated Aromatic Anhydride, HHPA Hardened Polymer Additive, HHPA Industrial Epoxy Agent
APPLICATIONS
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used as an epoxy curing agent.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) provides excellent electrical insulation properties.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves resistance to tracking and yellowing.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in composites and fiber-reinforced plastics.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances mechanical strength and durability.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enables high-performance structural laminates.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in coatings and varnishes.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves gloss retention and weatherability.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) produces flexible, chemical-resistant films.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in electrical potting and casting compounds.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) ensures low dielectric loss and high insulation resistance.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) supports low-exotherm curing for thick sections.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in adhesives and sealants.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) provides strong bonding to metals and plastics.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances chemical resistance of adhesive systems.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used as an intermediate in polyester and alkyd resin manufacture.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) contributes to improved flexibility and hydrolytic stability.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enables development of specialty resin systems.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in powder coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances crosslinking density.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves hardness and solvent resistance.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used as a curing agent for epoxy resins.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves thermal stability in epoxy coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances chemical resistance in epoxy composites.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in electrical insulation materials.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) provides high dielectric strength for encapsulation resins.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves insulation performance in casting applications.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in the production of powder coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) contributes to crosslinking reactions in polyester-epoxy hybrids.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances hardness and durability in cured coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in composite manufacturing.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances fiber–matrix adhesion in laminates.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) increases mechanical strength in high-performance composites.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in chemical intermediates production.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is a precursor for hydrophthalic acid derivatives.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) supports synthesis of polyester resins and plasticizers.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in adhesives and sealants.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) provides strong crosslinking in structural adhesives.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves thermal resistance in bonding formulations.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in automotive coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances gloss retention in high-temperature coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) increases chemical durability of automotive protective films.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in rigid foam manufacturing.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) contributes to crosslinking reactions that stabilize foam cell structures.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves compressive strength in rigid foams.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in marine coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) provides enhanced corrosion resistance in marine epoxy systems.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves long-term durability under saltwater exposure.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in high-performance electronic components.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) reduces internal stress in epoxy potting compounds.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances dimensional stability of encapsulated electronics.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used as a reactive diluent modifier.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) adjusts viscosity in epoxy formulations.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) optimizes curing speed in controlled-reactivity systems.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in coil coating applications.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances flexibility and impact resistance in cured coating films.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) maintains clarity and gloss in high-performance finishes.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in high-voltage insulation systems for transformers.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances thermal class performance in electrical varnishes.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) stabilizes dielectric properties in insulating composites.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in epoxy potting compounds for automotive electronics.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) reduces cure shrinkage in potting formulations.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) increases resistance to vibration in encapsulated modules.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in aerospace composite systems.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) provides high-performance crosslinking for aircraft-grade laminates.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves fatigue resistance in carbon fiber structures.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in industrial floor coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances abrasion resistance in epoxy flooring.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) provides long-term gloss retention in industrial surfaces.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in wind turbine blade composites.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) supports curing systems for large composite molds.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) increases torsional strength of fiber-reinforced blades.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in chemical-resistant tank linings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves barrier properties against acids and solvents.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances durability of industrial containment systems.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in LED encapsulation materials.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) contributes to transparency in optical-grade epoxy systems.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) reduces yellowing under luminous heat.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in reactive hot-melt adhesives.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves flexibility in structural adhesive bonds.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances thermal and chemical stability in adhesive joints.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in automotive under-the-hood coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) increases resistance to engine fluids.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) supports high-temperature cure schedules.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in printed circuit board sealing resins.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) prevents moisture ingress into PCB layers.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves insulation resistance for electronic assemblies.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in electrostatic powder coating formulations.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) optimizes flow and leveling in hybrid powder coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances crosslink uniformity in polyester blends.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used as a modifier in alkyd resin production.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) reduces yellowing in clear alkyd coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) contributes to improved drying properties in alkyd paints.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in flexible epoxy films.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) increases elongation in thermoset film materials.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves crack resistance under cyclic stress.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in marine adhesives and sealants.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) provides seawater resistance in hull repair compounds.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances bond durability in submerged conditions.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in chemical instrumentation housings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) increases dimensional stability in molded parts.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) provides chemical resistance to laboratory reagents.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in semiconductor potting compounds.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) reduces internal stress during heat cycling.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) maintains dielectric strength in miniaturized components.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in high-build protective coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances adhesion on metal substrates.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves corrosion protection for industrial structures.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in thermally conductive epoxy formulations.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enables low-viscosity processing for filled systems.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) increases heat resistance in thermally loaded components.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in UV-stable epoxy coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) helps minimize photo-induced discoloration.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) supports long-term gloss retention in exterior coatings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in filtration system potting.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) secures filter media in industrial cartridges.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves chemical and temperature resistance in filter housings.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is used in encapsulated magnets and coils.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances vibration resistance in electromagnetic components.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) ensures dimensional stability under repeated heating cycles.
DESCRIPTION
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is a saturated cyclic anhydride derived from hydrogenated phthalic anhydride.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) appears as a white to light-yellow crystalline solid or flake.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) has low volatility and mild odor compared to aromatic anhydrides.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) dissolves in many organic solvents.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) reacts with epoxy resins through an anhydride ring-opening mechanism.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enables slow to medium curing rates depending on catalysts used.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) generates epoxy systems with low color and excellent clarity.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) provides superior electrical properties compared to aromatic anhydrides.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) offers excellent resistance to heat and chemicals after curing.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is less irritating than phthalic anhydride but still requires proper handling.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) can cause skin and respiratory sensitization in susceptible individuals.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) should be stored in sealed containers to prevent moisture absorption.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is widely used in epoxy systems for electronics, coatings, adhesives, and composites.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is valued for its low color, high electrical insulation, and excellent mechanical performance in cured materials.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is a white to light yellow crystalline solid or molten liquid depending on temperature.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) has a mild, characteristic odor typical of aliphatic anhydrides.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) contains a saturated cyclohexane ring, making it less reactive than aromatic anhydrides.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) reacts with epoxy groups via an anhydride curing mechanism.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) provides slow-to-medium cure speed depending on catalyst use.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) can be accelerated with tertiary amines or imidazoles.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) produces cured epoxy systems with low color.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) enhances light stability and prevents discoloration.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is compatible with many diluents and modifiers.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) has low viscosity in molten form.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) improves processability during mixing and casting.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) exhibits high purity and consistent reaction behavior.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) is moisture-sensitive.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) hydrolyzes to form the corresponding diacid in presence of water.
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) must be protected from moisture during storage and handling.
PROPERTIES
Chemical Formula: C₈H₁₀O₃
Molecular Weight: 154.16 g/mol
Appearance: White to pale yellow solid or molten liquid
Odor: Mild, characteristic
Density: ~1.18 g/cm³ at 20°C
Melting Point: 32–35°C (varies with isomer mix)
Boiling Point: ~268–280°C (decomposes)
Flash Point: ~138°C
Solubility in Water: Reacts and hydrolyzes; not freely soluble
Solubility in Organic Solvents: Soluble in ketones, alcohols, esters, aromatics
Reactivity: Reacts with epoxides, alcohols, and amines
Hydrolysis: Forms hexahydrophthalic acid in moisture
Viscosity (molten): Low
Acid Value: 710–740 mg KOH/g (typical range)
Color (APHA): <50 (dependent on grade)
Dielectric Strength (cured systems): High
Thermal Stability: Good under dry conditions
Storage Temperature: 10–25°C, kept dry and sealed
FIRST AID
Inhalation:
Move to fresh air immediately.
Seek medical attention if respiratory irritation occurs.
Skin Contact:
Wash thoroughly with soap and water.
Remove contaminated clothing.
Seek medical attention if redness or irritation persists.
Eye Contact:
Rinse eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
Seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion:
Rinse mouth with water.
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Seek prompt medical help.
Note to Physicians:
Treat as an irritant/corrosive anhydride exposure.
Monitor for delayed respiratory or dermal reactions.
HANDLING AND STORAGE
Handling:
Use gloves, goggles, and protective clothing.
Avoid inhalation of vapors or dust.
Use with adequate ventilation or fume extraction.
Avoidance:
Avoid moisture and water contamination.
Keep away from strong bases, alcohols, and oxidizing agents.
Spill Procedures:
Absorb with inert material (sand, vermiculite).
Avoid water during cleanup.
Dispose according to regulations.
Storage:
Store in tightly sealed containers.
Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.
Protect from heat, humidity, and direct sunlight.
