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Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is an aromatic organic compound widely used in skincare, photography, polymer production, and industrial applications.
It is known for its strong reducing properties and is primarily used as a depigmenting agent in dermatology and as a polymerization inhibitor in industrial processes.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is also a key component in the manufacturing of dyes, antioxidants, and photographic developers.
CAS Number: 123-31-9
EC Number: 204-617-8
Molecular Formula: C6H6O2
Molecular Weight: 110.11 g/mol
Synonyms: Hydroquinone, Benzene-1,4-Diol, 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene, p-Dihydroxybenzene, p-Hydroquinone, HQ, Hydroquinone Powder, Hydroquinone Depigmenting Agent, Hydroquinone Antioxidant, Hydroquinone Polymerization Inhibitor, Hydroquinone for Photography, Hydroquinone for Cosmetics, Hydroquinone for Industrial Use, Hydroquinone Skin Lightener, Hydroquinone Developer Agent
APPLICATIONS
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is widely used in dermatology as a skin-lightening agent for treating hyperpigmentation and melasma.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is included in topical creams and serums to reduce the appearance of dark spots and uneven skin tone.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in cosmetic formulations as a depigmenting ingredient under controlled concentrations.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is employed in the photographic industry as a developer for black-and-white film processing.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is found in the production of rubber and plastics as an antioxidant to prevent degradation.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is applied as a polymerization inhibitor in the manufacturing of acrylic and vinyl monomers.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is utilized in the synthesis of dyes, including hair dyes and textile colorants.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is incorporated into ink and toner formulations for print stability and longevity.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in oil and gas industries to prevent oxidative degradation in petroleum products.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is employed in laboratory and chemical research as a reducing agent in various reactions.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is added to water treatment formulations to prevent oxidation-related contamination.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in food packaging materials to improve antioxidant properties and shelf life.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is applied in the formulation of specialty coatings and varnishes for improved stability.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is utilized in the development of epoxy resins and adhesive formulations.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is employed in battery manufacturing as a redox mediator for enhanced performance.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is widely used in dermatology as a skin-lightening agent to treat hyperpigmentation disorders such as melasma, freckles, and age spots by inhibiting melanin production.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is employed in the cosmetic industry in creams, lotions, and serums to brighten the skin and even out skin tone.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in hair dye formulations to help develop and stabilize the color by acting as a reducing agent.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in the manufacture of photographic developers, where it acts as an agent to reduce silver halides, facilitating the development of photographic films and papers.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is included in formulations for the treatment of acne, as it helps to reduce pigmentation associated with acne scars.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in the formulation of sunscreens and after-sun products to reduce pigmentation caused by sun exposure.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is employed in the textile industry to stabilize dyes and prevent fading or discoloration of fabrics.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in the production of antioxidants and stabilizers for various chemicals, especially in polymers and plastics.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is applied in the formulation of products for depigmentation in patients with conditions like vitiligo, where it helps lighten areas of hyperpigmentation.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in the formulation of cosmetic and medical products for reducing the appearance of dark under-eye circles.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is employed in the manufacture of antioxidants for use in food packaging, preventing the oxidation of fats and oils.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in the production of resin systems, where it helps to reduce oxidation and improve the durability of the material.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in the synthesis of other chemicals, including quinones and hydroxyphenyl compounds, that are used in industrial applications.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is included in formulations for lightening pigmentation in cases of excessive skin tanning or uneven skin tone.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in the manufacturing of polymer stabilizers, improving the color stability of plastics under heat and light exposure.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is applied in the cosmetic and skincare industries to lighten skin discolorations, such as dark spots caused by aging or acne.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in developing agents for electroplating and metal processing to reduce metal ions during the plating process.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in the manufacture of food additives to prevent oxidation and maintain the freshness of processed foods.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is employed in medical formulations for treating certain types of pigmentation disorders, providing an effective treatment for conditions such as chloasma.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in the cosmetic industry in products designed for overall skin brightening and rejuvenation, promoting a youthful appearance.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is incorporated into formulations for reducing pigmentation resulting from pregnancy, such as the "mask of pregnancy" or melasma.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is employed in laboratory settings as a reducing agent in analytical chemistry and the preparation of certain compounds.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in the manufacturing of antioxidants for various applications, including cosmetics and personal care products, to improve stability and shelf-life.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in the production of hair lightening products and other formulations designed to enhance the effects of bleaching agents.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is applied in the development of photoprotective and anti-aging formulations, where it helps to reduce the effects of photoaging and protect the skin from UV-induced damage.
DESCRIPTION
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is a white to off-white crystalline solid with a characteristic odor.
This compound is highly soluble in water, alcohol, and ether, making it suitable for various formulations.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) functions as a powerful antioxidant and reducing agent, preventing oxidation in industrial applications.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is temperature-sensitive and can undergo oxidation when exposed to air and light.
This compound is regulated in cosmetic applications due to its potent depigmenting effects.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is biodegradable and breaks down into harmless byproducts under environmental conditions.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) exhibits excellent stabilizing properties in polymer and coating industries.
This compound enhances the longevity of photographic films and printing inks by preventing discoloration.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is widely used in medical research for its ability to influence melanin production in skin cells.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is a phenolic compound with the chemical formula C6H4(OH)2, commonly used as a skin-lightening agent, antioxidant, and photographic developer.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) appears as a white to pale yellow crystalline solid and is soluble in water, alcohol, and acetone.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) works by inhibiting the enzyme tyrosinase, which plays a crucial role in melanin production, leading to a lightening effect on the skin and reducing pigmentation.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is widely used in both prescription and over-the-counter skin care products for treating hyperpigmentation, including age spots, melasma, and freckles.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is considered an effective treatment for dark spots and uneven skin tone due to its ability to reduce melanin synthesis.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is also employed in hair care formulations, where it is used as a stabilizer and reducing agent in hair dye and bleaching products.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is used in a variety of industrial applications, including the production of polymer stabilizers, antioxidants, and chemical intermediates.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) has a range of industrial uses, including in the manufacture of photographic developers, as it helps reduce silver halides to produce an image.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is known for its mild toxicity, and it is essential that it is used in appropriate concentrations to avoid potential skin irritation or other adverse effects.
Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is widely studied for its potential in reducing oxidative stress in cells, contributing to its role in various anti-aging, skin rejuvenation, and anti-pigmentation treatments.
PROPERTIES
Chemical Formula: C6H6O2
Molecular Weight: 110.11 g/mol
Common Name: Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol)
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline solid
Odor: Slight characteristic odor
Density: Approx. 1.33 g/cm³
Melting Point: 172°C
Boiling Point: 285°C
Solubility: Soluble in water, ethanol, ether, and acetone
Reactivity: Reactive with oxidizing agents; may undergo auto-oxidation in air
Chemical Stability: Stable under dry conditions but sensitive to light and air exposure
Storage Temperature: Store at 10–25°C in an airtight container
FIRST AID
Inhalation:
If Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) dust or vapors are inhaled, move the affected person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing difficulties persist, seek medical attention.
If the person is not breathing, administer artificial respiration.
Keep the affected person warm and at rest.
Skin Contact:
Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water.
If skin irritation or rash develops, seek medical attention.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
Eye Contact:
Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids.
Seek immediate medical attention if irritation or redness persists.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing.
Ingestion:
If Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol) is ingested in large amounts, rinse the mouth thoroughly with water.
Seek medical attention if discomfort or symptoms persist.
If the person is conscious, give small sips of water to drink.
Note to Physicians:
Treat symptomatically.
No specific antidote is required.
Provide supportive care as needed.
HANDLING AND STORAGE
Handling:
Personal Protection:
Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing, when handling Hydroquinone (Benzene-1,4-Diol).
Avoid inhaling dust or vapors during processing.
Ventilation:
Ensure proper ventilation to minimize exposure to airborne particles.
Use local exhaust systems if necessary.
Avoidance:
Avoid direct contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling.
Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Spill and Leak Procedures:
Contain spills to prevent further release.
Use inert absorbent materials (e.g., sand, vermiculite) to collect spilled material.
Dispose of waste according to local regulations.
Storage:
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, light, and moisture.
Keep containers tightly closed and properly labeled.
Protect from air exposure to prevent oxidation and degradation.
Handling Cautions:
Avoid prolonged exposure to light and oxygen to maintain product stability.
Ensure containers are sealed properly to prevent contamination.
