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Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is propylene glycol ether of methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl and methyl combine with anhydrous glucose ring by ether bond.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is white or pale white cellulose powder or particles.
The characteristics of cold water dissolution and hot water insoluble are similar with methyl cellulose.
CAS: 9004-65-3
MF: C3H7O*
MW: 59.08708
EINECS: 618-389-6
Synonyms
hpmcd;Hydroxymethylpropylcellulose;isoptoalkaline;isoptoplain;isoptotears;methocele,f,k;HydroxypropylMethylCellulose(Hpmc);HydroxyPropylMethylCelluloseHpmcE15Lv
Solubility in organic solvents is superior than water soluble, can be dissolved in anhydrous methanol and ethanol solution, also soluble in chlorinated hydrocarbons and ketones in organic solvents.
Soluble in water, its water solution has a surface activity, the formation of the film after drying, heated and cooled, in turn, from the reversible conversion of sol to gel.
Can be used alone in the cold drink, also can be used with other emulsifier, stabilizer.
To cold drink, the maximum amount is 1%.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and other water-soluble high weight compounds use mixture, become transparent, higher viscosity.
The gelation temperature of low viscosity products is higher than high viscosity of products. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose's solution is stable at room temperature.
In recent years, Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose has been widely used in petroleum chemical industry, papermaking, leather, textile printing and dyeing, pharmaceutical, food, cosmetics and other industries, and as the dispersing agent, thickening agent, adhesive, excipient, capsule, oil resistant coating and packing etc.
Hypromellose (INN), short for hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), is a semisynthetic, inert, viscoelastic polymer used in eye drops, as well as an excipient and controlled-delivery component in oral medicaments, found in a variety of commercial products.
As a food additive, hypromellose is an emulsifier, thickening and suspending agent, and an alternative to animal gelatin.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose's Codex Alimentarius code (E number) is E464.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is a propylene glycol ether of methylcellulose in which both hydroxypropyl and methyl groups are bound to the anhydrous glucose ring of cellulose by ether linkages.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is synthesized from methyl cellulose by the action of alkali and propylene oxide.
The resultant product is a water soluble ether derivative of cellulose containing both methoxy and hydroxypropyl groups.
The degree of substitution is 1.08 to 1.83 with the hydroxypropyl groups as the minor constituent.
White to off-white fibrous powder or granules.
Soluble in water and some organic solvents.
Insoluble in ethanol, the aqueous solution has surface activity, forms a thin film after drying, and undergoes a reversible transition from sol to gel in turn by heating and cooling.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is water soluble polymers derived from cellulose.
They are typically used as thickeners, binders, film formers, and water retention agents.
They also function as suspension aids, surfactants, lubricants, protective colloids, and emulsifiers.
In addition, solutions of these polymers thermally gel.
These polymers are prepared by reacting wood or cotton cellulose fibers with propylene oxide and methyl chloride in the presence of caustic soda.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose has a methoxyl content of 28-30% and a hydroxypropoxyl content of 7-12%.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is a synthetic polymer that is quite popular in cosmetics and personal care products.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is a highly versatile ingredient that serves as a thickener, emulsifier, and stabilizer in formulations.
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose can help in improving the texture and flow properties of products like lotions, creams and gels.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose also controls the release of active ingredients and acts as a film-forming agent, protecting the skin from environmental stressors.
In its raw form, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose appears as a white to off-white odorless powder or granule that is soluble in cold water but insoluble in organic solvents.
The chemical formula of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose is C56H108O30.
Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose is a non-ionic type cellulose ether polymer.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose provides water retention and cohesiveness to mixtures.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical Properties
Melting point: 225-230 °C
density: 1.39
storage temp.: room temp
solubility: H2O: 50 mg/mL, clear to very faintly turbid, faintly yellow
form: powder
color: White to cream
Odor: Odorless
PH: 5.0-8.0
biological source: plant
Water Solubility: SOLUBLE
Merck: 14,4842
Stability: Stable. Solid is combustible, incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: SURFACTANT - CLEANSING
FILM FORMING
VISCOSITY CONTROLLING
BINDING
ANTISTATIC
EMULSION STABILISING
Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR): Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (9004-65-3)
InChIKey: PUSNGFYSTWMJSK-GSZQVNRLSA-N
EPA Substance Registry System: Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (9004-65-3)
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is propylene glycol ether of methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl and methyl combine with anhydrous glucose ring by ether bond.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is white or pale white cellulose powder or particles.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose has different types of products, the methoxy and hydroxypropyl content ratio is different.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is white or gray fibrous powder or particles.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is soluble in water and some organic solvents and unsoluble in ethanol.
Aqueous solution has a surface activity, the formation of the film after drying, heated and cooled, in turn, from the sol to gel reversible transformation.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is an odorless and tasteless, white or creamy-white fibrous or granular powder.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is soluble in water (10 mg/ml).
However, Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is very important to thoroughly disperse the particles in water with agitation before they will dissolve. Otherwise, they will lump and form a gelatinous membrane around the internal particles, preventing them from wetting completely.
There are four dispersion techniques commonly used to prepare solutions of Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose: dispersion in hot water, dry blending, dispersion in non-solvent medium, and dispersion of surface-treated powders.
Chemistry
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is a solid, and is a slightly off-white to beige powder in appearance and may be formed into granules.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose forms colloids when dissolved in water.
This non-toxic ingredient is combustible and can react vigorously with oxidizing agents.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose in an aqueous solution, like methylcellulose, exhibits a thermal gelation property.
That is, when the solution heats up to a critical temperature, the solution congeals into a non-flowable but semi-flexible mass.
Typically, this critical (congealing) temperature is inversely related to both the solution concentration of Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and the concentration of the methoxy group within the HPMC molecule (which in turn depends on both the degree of substitution of the methoxy group and the molar substitution).
That is, the higher the concentration of the methoxy group, the lower the critical temperature.
The inflexibility/viscosity of the resulting mass, however, is directly related to the concentration of the methoxy group (the higher the concentration is, the more viscous or less flexible the resulting mass is).
Uses
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is water soluble polymers derived from cellulose.
They are typically used as thickeners, binders, film formers, and water retention agents.
They also function as suspension aids, surfactants, lubricants, protective colloids, and emulsifiers.
In addition, solutions of these polymers thermally gel.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose has many excellent properties.
Hydroxypropyl methyl celluloset is presented below some examples of HPMC applications:
Food industry: stabilizers of emulsions and foams, as a replacement for fat, as a non-caloric bulking agentin foods, as a binder, among others.
Pharmaceutical industry: as a dispersing and thickening agent, film-coating of tablets, drug preparations,among others.
Cosmetics industry: hair shampoo, eye makeup, skin care preparations, among others.
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose is a gum formed by the reaction of propylene oxide and methyl chloride with alkali cellulose.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose will gel as the temperature is increased in heating and upon cooling will liquefy.
The gel temperature ranges from 60°c to 90°c, forming semifirm to mushy gels.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is used in bakery goods, dressings, breaded foods, and salad dressing mix for syneresis control, texture, and to provide hot viscosity.
usage level ranges from 0.05 to 1.0%.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is used as an ophthalmic lubricant, an emulsifier and a thickening and suspending agent.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is widely used as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulations.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acts as a food additive.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose's eye drops are known as artificial tears, which are used to relieve eye dryness and soreness.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose finds applications in various fields as emulsifier, film former, protective colloid, stabilizer, suspending agent, or thickener in foods.
Pharmaceutic aid (suspending agent; tablet excipient; demulcent; viscosity increasing agent); hydrophilic carrier in drug delivery systems.
In adhesives, asphalt emulsions, caulking compounds, tile mortars, plastic mixes, cements, paints.
There are many fields of application for hypromellose, including:
Tile adhesives
Cement renders
Gypsum products
Pharmaceutical
Paints and coatings
Food
Cosmetics
Detergents and cleaners
Eye drops
Contact lenses
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Use in whole grain breads
Agricultural Research Service scientists are investigating using the plant-derived Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose as a substitute for gluten in making all-oat and other grain breads.
Gluten, which is present in wheat, rye, and barley, is absent (or present only in trace quantities) in oat and other grains.
Like gluten, Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose can trap air bubbles formed by the yeast in bread dough, causing the bread to rise.
Use in construction materials
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is used primarily in construction materials like tile adhesives and renders where it is used as a rheology modifier and water retention agent.
Functionally Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is very similar to HEMC (hydroxy ethyl methyl cellulose)
Ophthalmic applications
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose solutions were patented as a semisynthetic substitute for tear-film.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose's molecular structure is predicated upon a base celluloid compound that is highly water-soluble.
Post-application, celluloid attributes of good water solubility reportedly aid in visual clarity. When applied, a hypromellose solution acts to swell and absorb water, thereby expanding the thickness of the tear-film.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose augmentation therefore results in extended lubricant time presence on the cornea, which theoretically results in decreased eye irritation, especially in dry climates, home, or work environments.
On a molecular level, this polymer contains beta-linked D-glucose units that remain metabolically intact for days to weeks.
On a manufacturing note, since hypromellose is a vegetarian substitute for gelatin, it is slightly more expensive to produce due to semisynthetic manufacturing processes.
Aside from its widespread commercial and retail availability over the counter in a variety of products, hypromellose 2% solution has been documented to be used during surgery to aid in corneal protection and during orbital surgery.
Excipient/tableting ingredient
In addition to its use in ophthalmic liquids, hypromellose has been used as an excipient in oral tablet and capsule formulations, where, depending on the grade, Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose functions as controlled release agent to delay the release of a medicinal compound into the digestive tract.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is also used as a binder and as a component of tablet coatings.
Methods of production
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is obtained by treatment of fibrous plant material with alkali, methyl chloride and propylene oxide.
1.The refined cotton cellulose with alkali treatment at 35-40 ℃ for half an hour, press, crushed the cellulose, aging at 35 ℃, so that the average degree of polymerization of alkali cellulose is in a desired range.
The alkali fiber into etherification reactor, followed by adding epoxy propane and methane chloride, etherification at 50-80 ℃ for 5h, the maximum pressure is about 1.8MPa.
The reaction products were produced by postprocessing (hydrochloric acid and oxalic acid, washing and drying).
The consumption of raw material of cotton pulp 1100kg/t, methyl chloride and propylene oxide 4300kg/t, solid alkali 1200kg/t, hydrochloride 30kg/t, oxalic acid 50kg/t.
2.100 kg refined cotton linters immersed in 45% solution, temperature is 35 to 40℃, time is 0.5 to 1 h, and then remove the press.
The pressure to weight is 2.7 times as the weight of lint, stop pressure.
Carry out the crushing.
At 35℃, aging for 16h.
In the reaction kettle, the chlorinated methane, propylene oxide were added into the reaction kettle.
At 80℃, the pressure was 1.8 MPa, the reaction time is 5 to 8 h, and the amount of hydrochloric acid and oxalic acid were added to the hot water at 90℃.
Dewatering with centrifuge, washing to neutral, when the water content of the material is below to 60% , 130℃ of hot air flow dried to the moisture content is below 5%.
Finally, the finished product sieved by 20 mesh.
3. Prepared by cellulose, methyl chloride, and ethylene oxide.
Production Methods
A purified form of cellulose, obtained from cotton linters or wood pulp, is reacted with sodium hydroxide solution to produce a swollen alkali cellulose that is chemically more reactive than untreated cellulose.
The alkali cellulose is then treated with chloromethane and propylene oxide to produce methyl hydroxypropyl ethers of cellulose.
The fibrous reaction product is then purified and ground to a fine, uniform powder or granules.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose can then be exposed to anhydrous hydrogen chloride to induce depolymerization, thus producing low viscosity grades.
