ISOBUTANE

CAS NO:75-28-5
EC NO:200-857-2

Isobutane, also known as i-butane, 2-methylpropane or methylpropane, is a chemical compound with molecular formula HC(CH3)3. 
Isobutane is an isomer of butane. Isobutane is a colourless, odourless gas. 
Isobutane is the simplest alkane with a tertiary carbon atom. 
Isobutane is used as a precursor molecule in the petrochemical industry, for example in the synthesis of isooctane.

Properties:
Chemical formula:    C4H10
Molar mass:    58.124 g·mol−1
Appearance:    Colorless gas
Odor:    Odorless
Density    :
2.51 kg/m3 (at 15 °C, 100 kPa)
563 kg/m3 (at 15 °C, boiling liquid)
Melting point:    −159.42 °C (−254.96 °F; 113.73 K)[4]
Boiling point:    −11.7 °C (10.9 °F; 261.4 K)[4]
Solubility in water:    48.9 mg⋅L−1 (at 25 °C (77 °F))[2]
Vapor pressure:    3.1 atm (310 kPa) (at 21 °C (294 K; 70 °F))[3]
Henry's law:
constant (kH):    8.6 nmol⋅Pa−1⋅kg−1
Conjugate acid    :Isobutanium
Magnetic susceptibility (χ):    −51.7·10−6 cm3/mol

Uses
Isobutane is the principal feedstock in alkylation units of refineries. Using isobutane, gasoline-grade "blendstocks" are generated with high branching for good combustion characteristics. Typical products created with isobutane are 2,4-dimethylpentane and especially 2,2,4-trimethylpentane.

Solvent
In the Chevron Phillips slurry process for making high-density polyethylene, isobutane is used as a diluent. As the slurried polyethylene is removed, isobutane is "flashed" off, and condensed, and recycled back into the loop reactor for this purpose.

Precursor to tert-butyl hydroperoxide
Isobutane is oxidized to tert-butyl hydroperoxide, which is subsequently reacted with propylene to yield propylene oxide. The tert-butanol that results as a by-product is typically used to make gasoline additives such as methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE).

Miscellaneous uses
Isobutane is also used as a propellant for aerosol spray cans.

Isobutane is used as part of blended fuels, especially common in fuel canisters used for camping.

Refrigerant
Isobutane is used as a refrigerant. Use in refrigerators started in 1993 when Greenpeace presented the Greenfreeze project with the former East German company Foron [de]. In this regard, blends of pure, dry "isobutane" (R-600a) (that is, isobutane mixtures) have negligible ozone depletion potential and very low global warming potential (having a value of 3.3 times the GWP of carbon dioxide) and can serve as a functional replacement for R-12, R-22 (both of these being commonly known by the trademark Freon), R-134a, and other chlorofluorocarbon or hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants in conventional stationary refrigeration and air conditioning systems.

Isobutane is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum-like odor. 
Isobutane is shipped as a liquefied gas under its vapor pressure. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. 
Isobutane is easily ignited. The vapors are heavier than air. Any leak can either be liquid or vapor. 
Isobutane can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket.

Isobutane is an alkane that is propane substituted by a methyl group at position. 
Isobutane has a role as a food propellant and a refrigerant. 
Isobutane is an alkane and a gas molecular entity.

Industry Uses of Isobutane:
-Adhesives and sealant chemicals
-Fillers
-Finishing agents
-Fuels and fuel additives
-Functional fluids (closed systems)
-Functional fluids (open systems)
-Intermediates
-Ion exchange agents
-Plasticizers
-Plating agents and surface treating agents
-Processing aids, not otherwise listed
-Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
-Propellants and blowing agents
-Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)
-Stored, blended and trans-loaded onto tankers and railcars. Answers based on customer supplied information.

Consumer Uses of Isobutane:
-Adhesives and sealants
-Aerosol propellants, plastics manufacturing and foam blowing agents. Answers based on customer supplied information.
-Air care products
-Fabric, textile, and leather products not covered elsewhere
-Fuels and related products
-Furniture and furnishings not covered elsewhere
-Ink, toner, and colorant products
-Insulating foam

Industry Processing Sectors:
-Adhesive manufacturing
-All other basic organic chemical manufacturing
-All other petroleum and coal products manufacturing
-Burned as fuel
-Construction
-Industrial gas manufacturing
-Oil and gas drilling, extraction, and support activities
-Paint and coating manufacturing
-Pesticide, fertilizer, and other agricultural chemical manufacturing
-Petrochemical manufacturing
-Petroleum lubricating oil and grease manufacturing
-Petroleum refineries
-Plastic material and resin manufacturing
-Plastics product manufacturing
-Printing and related support activities
-Processing and re-blending. Answers based on customer supplied information.
-Rubber product manufacturing
-Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing
-Wholesale and retail trade
-fuel or fuel additive
-used as fuel

Isobutane is a colorless gas. 
Isobutane is used in organic synthesis, as a refrigerant, in motor fuels, and as aerosol propellant, as well as in synthetic rubber, and in instrument calibration fluid.

Isobutane (i-butane) is an isomer of butane.
Isobutane is also an LPG – Liquefied Petroleum Gas – as are butane and propane.
The main use of isobutane is in refineries, as a gasoline – petrol – additive.
However, isobutane is different in some important ways.

Isobutane production is converted from butane (n-butane) in a process called isomerization. The isobutane production process rearranges the atoms into a different molecular configuration.

The component atoms are the same but are arranged in a different geometric structure.

This isomerization happens in something called a butamer unit and includes the use of platinum or another metal catalyst.

In this isobutane production process, only some of the butane is actually converted to isobutane.

After the butamer process, the output mixture goes through a fractionator or deisobutanizer tower that separates the unconverted butane from the isobutane production.

The main use of isobutane is in refineries, as a gasoline – petrol – additive.

There, isobutane is processed through an alkylation unit to make an alkylate.

Isobutane is used to make isooctane, a high octane gasoline component, which increases the octane rating and anti-knock properties of gasoline.

Isobutane is rated at 100 points on the octane rating scale.

In addition to being used as a fuel, isobutane is commonly used as a refrigerant (R600a) and a propellant. Isobutane is an excellent refrigerant and eco-friendly minus the ozone harming properties of CFCs.

Isobutane can be used as a replacement for R-12, R-22, R-134a, and other chlorofluorocarbon or hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants, in conventional refrigeration systems.

Whilst it is flammable, there have been few problems in the millions of refrigeration units worldwide.

Isobutane has very low global warming potential and insignificant ozone depletion potential.

Another important use of isobutane is as a feed stock for plastics.

Isobutane is used to manufacture propylene oxide for use in making polyurethane plastics.

Another use of isobutane is as a solvent.

Isobutane, i-C4H10 is a colourless, flammable, liquified gas with a slight odour.

Applications
Pure isobutane is used:

as a propellant
as a solvent
as a refrigerant
as reagent gas in chemical ionization mass spectrometry
in the manufacturing of calibration mixtures.

Technical Properties
Molecular Weight: 58.13
Specific Gravity (Air = 1): 2.06
Odour: Slight
CAS Registry No.: 75-28-5

Formula: C4H10 / (CH3)2CHCH3
Molecular mass: 58.1
Boiling point: -12°C
Melting point: -160°C
Relative density (water = 1): 0.6 (liquid)
Solubility in water at 20°C: none
Vapour pressure, kPa at 20°C: 304
Relative vapour density (air = 1): 2
Flash point: Flammable gas
Auto-ignition temperature: 460°C
Explosive limits, vol% in air: 1.8-8.4
Octanol/water partition coefficient as log Pow: 2.8

About Isobutane
Helpful information
This substance is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 000 to < 10 000 000 tonnes per annum.

This substance is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Consumer Uses
Isobutane is used in the following products: anti-freeze products, adhesives and sealants, polishes and waxes, air care products, washing & cleaning products, cosmetics and personal care products, fuels and adsorbents.
Other release to the environment of Isobutane is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters), outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids) and outdoor use.

Article service life
Release to the environment of Isobutane can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal).
Other release to the environment of Isobutane is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).
Isobutane can be found in products with material based on: paper (e.g. tissues, feminine hygiene products, nappies, books, magazines, wallpaper), rubber (e.g. tyres, shoes, toys) and plastic (e.g. food packaging and storage, toys, mobile phones).

Widespread uses by professional workers
Isobutane is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, paper chemicals and dyes and cosmetics and personal care products.
Isobutane is used in the following areas: building & construction work.
Isobutane is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur, chemicals and rubber products.
Release to the environment of Isobutane can occur from industrial use: of substances in closed systems with minimal release and in the production of articles.
Other release to the environment of Isobutane is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).

Formulation or re-packing
Isobutane is used in the following products: adhesives and sealants, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and paper chemicals and dyes.
Release to the environment of Isobutane can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, in processing aids at industrial sites, formulation in materials, manufacturing of the substance, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, for thermoplastic manufacture, as processing aid and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.

Uses at industrial sites
Isobutane is used in the following products: fuels.
Isobutane has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Isobutane is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Isobutane is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Isobutane can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, of substances in closed systems with minimal release, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in the production of articles, manufacturing of the substance, for thermoplastic manufacture and as processing aid.

Manufacture
Release to the environment of Isobutane can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in processing aids at industrial sites and as processing aid.

Isobutane, also known as i-butane, 2 methylpropane or methylpropane, is a chemical compound with molecular formula HC(CH3)3. 
Isobutane is a colourless flammable gas without odour. 
Isobutane,  is a pure hydrocarbon (HC) which is used as a blowing agent for extruded polystyrene insulation boards (XPS), polypropylene, polyurethane foams, soundproofing and waterproofing solutions. 
Isobutane can be also used as a propellant gas for all kind of aerosol sprays. Isobutane is widely used in construction materials, paints and coatings, household chemicals and cosmetic products.

Properties of Isobutane:

*Can be used alone or blended with other blowing agents such as Dimethyl Ether (DME).
*Zero ODP (Ozone Depletion Potential).
*Lower GWP (Global Warning Potential).
*Short Atmospheric Lifetime.
*Compliance with EU VOC Regulations.

Isobutane is an branched-chain isomer of normal butane.

Isobutane is particularly valuable in a refinery as a feedstock to the alkyaltion unit, where it is combined with either propylene or butylene to make alkylate (a high-quality gasoline blend stock).

Isobutane is produced in a variety of conversion units in a refinery. However, when a refinery has an alky there is usually a need to make additional isobutane "on purpose" to keep the alky full. This is done by isomerizing normal butane in a C4 Isomerization unit.

Applications
Isobutane is used as an Aerosol propellant on its own or mixed with other hydrocarbons.
Isobutane is also used for foam blowing again either as a pure or part of a mixture.
Isobutane is also commonly used as a component in calibration gases for the gas, oil and chemical industries.

Isobutane is a flammable, colorless gas which is shipped as a liquefied gas at its vapor pressure of 31 psig at 70F. Purities ranging from 99.0% to 99.99%.

Isobutane is used in refinery alkylation to enhance the octane content of motor gasoline. 
Isobutane was used as the chemical ionization gas, and the filament heated from 0– 500 mA at 20 mA s−1. 
Isobutane (Cas No 75-28-5), if it contains ≥ 0,1 % w/w Butadiene 465. 
Isobutane is transferred on-site from tank trucks directly to railcars.

Isobutane is used as a solvent carrier, blowing/propellant agent, fuel or fuel additive and formulation component.
Isobutane is also used in some products such as cosmetic/beauty preparations, air fresheners, cleaners, activator/primers and various coatings.
Based on the most recent data available, isobutane containing very low amounts of 1,3-butadiene is manufactured and imported into Canada.

Chemical Properties
colourless odourless gas (or colourless cryogenic liquid)

Chemical Properties
2-Methylpropane (isobutane), C4H10, a flammable gas, occurs in small quantities in natural gas and crude oil. 
Isobutane has been detected in urban atmospheres at concentrations of 44–74 ppb. 
Isobutane also evolves from natural sources and has been measured in diesel exhaust at 1.4–11 ppm and in cigarette smoke at 10 ppm. The partition coefficient of propane between olive oil and air at 37℃ is 12 using the method described by Sato and Nakajima and Perbellini et al.. The lower explosive limit is 18,000 ppm in air.

Uses
In the production of propylene glycols and oxides and polyurethane foams and resins; as component of motor fuels and aerosol propellants; as an industrial gas carrier and general fuel source

Uses
Isobutane occurs in petroleum, natural gas,and petroleum cracking products. 
Isobutane is usedas a fuel gas or a liquefied petroleum gas. 
Isobutane is also used in organic synthesis.
 
Uses
Organic synthesis, refrigerant, motor fuels, aerosol propellant, synthetic rubber, instrument calibration fluid.

Definition
ChEBI: An alkane that is propane substituted by a methyl group at position 2.

General Description
Isobutane is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum-like odor. 
Isobutane is shipped as a liquefied gas under its vapor pressure. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. ISOBUTANE is easily ignited. The vapors are heavier than air. Any leak can either be liquid or vapor. 
Isobutane can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket.

IUPAC names
2-methyl propane
2-methyl-2-protiopropane
2-Methylpropan
2-Methylpropane
2-methylpropane
2-methypropane
200-857-2 isobutane
and isobutane
butane and isobutane
iso-butane
Iso-Butane
iso-butane
Isobutan
ISOBUTANE
Isobutane
isobutane
Isobutane
isobutane
isobutane (containing ≥ 0,1 % butadiene (203-450-8))
Isobutane (in cylinder without valve) [To use this product charged in cylinder, a valve is required which is sold separately (Product Code:V0030)]
izobutane
methyl-Propane
Methylpropane
methylpropane
Propane, 2-methyl-
Reaction mass of 25214-39-5 and 7631-86-9

SYNONYMS:
1730720 [Beilstein]
201-147-5 [EINECS]
270-654-1 [EINECS]
271-009-7 [EINECS]
2-Methylpropane
75-28-5 [RN]
i-butane
Isobutan [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
iso-butane
Isobutane [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki]
Isobutane [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Methylpropane
MFCD00008926 [MDL number]
Propane, 2-methyl- [ACD/Index Name]
(CH3)2CH-CH3
[(3S,5S,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(1R)-1,5-dimethylhexyl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] methanesulfonate
1,1-Dimethylethane
114438-33-4 [RN]
13183-68-1 [RN]
13275-39-3 [RN]
1605-73-8 [RN]
2-METHYL PROPANE
2-Methyl-d3-propane-1,1,1,3,3,3-d6
2-methyl-isobutane-Propane
2-methylprop-1-ene
2-METHYL-PROPANE
2-Methylpropane-2-d
2-Methylpropane-d10
4-Methyl-1H-benzimidazole-2-carboxylic acid [ACD/IUPAC Name]
CC(C)C [WLN]
http:////www.amadischem.com/proen/497092/
http:////www.amadischem.com/proen/589031/
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:30363
iso-C4H10
MEB
methyl-2-propane