ISONONYL ISONONANOATE

Synonyms:
ISONONYL ISONONANOATE; 3,5,5-Trimethylhexyl 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate; 3,5,5-Trimethylhexyl 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate; 59219-71-5; Hexanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethyl-, 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl ester; UNII-S4V5BS6GCX; S4V5BS6GCX; 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid 3,5,5-trimethylhexyl ester; Tegosoft Ini; Isononanoic acid, isononyl ester; EINECS 261-665-2; Dermol 99; Hatcol 5131; SCHEMBL579240; 3,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexyl 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate; CTK8D5931; DTXSID80866747; Isononyl 3,5,5 trimethylhexanoate; AKOS015902988; EC 609-993-0; 3,5,5-Trimethylhexyl-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate; A832937; J-200154; Q27288595; 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid-3,5,5-trimethylhexyl ester; izononil izononanoat; isononil izononanoat; isononil isononanoat; izononyl izononanoat; izononyl izononanoate;  nonanoik asit, izononil ester ; nonanoic asit, izononil ester  ;nonanoic acid, izononil ester

ISONONYL ISONONANOATE

ISONONYL ISONONANOATE
Isononyl Isononanoate is used in the cosmetics industry as an emollient and a plasticizer. It is used in skin creams, lotions, moisturizers, nail polishes, shampoos.
ISONONYL ISONONANOATE is classified as :
Antistatic
Emollient
Skin conditioning
CAS Number    59219-71-5 / 42131-25-9
EINECS/ELINCS No:    261-665-2 / -
COSING REF No:    76782
Chem/IUPAC Name:    3,5,5-Trimethylhexyl 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate

Is Isononyl Isononanoate Safe?

What Is Isononyl Isononanoate?
Isononyl isononanoate is a synthetic ingredient used in cosmetics and skincare products to improve the texture and feel of a formulation. Isononyl isononanoate is used mainly as an emollient, texture enhancer, and plasticizer.

The esters and salts of nonanoic acid are called nonanoates, hence isononyl isononanoate. The esters of nonanoic acid occur naturally in the oil of pelargonium, a group of flowering plants that include about 200 species of perennials, succulents, and shrubs, commonly known as geraniums. Pelargonium is native to temperate and tropical regions of the world, with many species in southern Africa. 

Nonanoic acid, also known as pelargonic acid, is a fatty acid composed of a nine-carbon chain terminating in a carboxylic acid. It is a clear, oily liquid that is nearly insoluble in water.

Isononyl isononanoate can also be produced by esterification of isononyl alcohol and isononanoic acid. Isononyl isononanoate has unique characteristics including extremely low freeze point, low viscosity, and excellent solubility and compatibility in a variety of ingredients such as esters, volatile silicones, mineral, and vegetable oils. Isononyl isononanoate is typically used at concentrations ranging from 2 to 10%.

THE BREAKDOWN
Isononyl Isononanoate
THE GOOD:Helps to improve the texture and feel of a formulation.

THE NOT SO GOOD:Isononyl Isononanoate doesn’t provide the skin with any significant benefits and is mainly used to improve the formulation. 

WHO IS IT FOR?All skin types except those that have an identified allergy to it. 

SYNERGETIC INGREDIENTS:Works well with most ingredients 

KEEP AN EYE ON:Nothing to keep an eye on here. 

Why Is Isononyl Isononanoate Used?
In cosmetics and skincare products, isononyl isononanoate functions as an emollient, texture enhancer, and plasticizer.

Emollient
As an emollient, isononyl isononanoate is often found in creams, lotions, and facial moisturizers. Emollients work to soften and soothe the skin while also acting as occlusive agents. Occlusive ingredients form a protective film on the surface of the skin, which helps to prevent evaporation of the skin’s natural moisture. Over time, this increases skin hydration by causing a buildup of water in the uppermost layer of skin.

These same emollient properties make isononyl isononanoate an ideal ingredient for hair care products. It forms a smooth, even film on the surface of the hair that provides increased slip between adjacent hair strands, which makes detangling easier. Isononyl isononanoate further reduces tangling by smoothing and flattening the cuticle surface, which can also add shine and gloss to the hair. It leaves the hair feeling soft and silky without weighing it down or making it feel greasy.

Texture
As a texture enhancer, isononyl isononanoate offers superior spreadability and a dry touch feel. It gives skincare products a distinctive velvety feel. Furthermore, isononyl isononanoate acts as a replacement for volatile silicones in antiperspirants where it reduces tackiness and prevents clogging in aerosols.

Plasticizer
Lastly, isononyl isononanoate functions as a plasticizer. Plasticizers are materials that soften synthetic ingredients by reducing brittleness and cracking. Plasticizers are useful for cosmetic products such as nail polishes, glosses, and shampoos.

Is Isononyl Isononanoate?
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) includes nonanoic acid on the list of food additives permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption.

The safety of nonanoic acid and its esters, including isononyl isononanoate, has been assessed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel, a group responsible for evaluating the safety of skincare and cosmetic ingredients. The Expert Panel reviewed data that indicated that nonanoic acid is not toxic. At concentrations of 12% and less, nonanoic acid is not a skin irritant. Furthermore, since nonanoic acid does not readily penetrate the skin, it is not a sensitizer. After evaluating the scientific data, the Expert Panel concluded that these ingredients were safe for use in cosmetics and personal care products.

The Expert Panel noted that nonanoic acid and its esters may increase the dermal penetration of other ingredients. The Expert Panel cautioned that care should be taken in formulating cosmetic products that contain these ingredients in combination with other ingredients for which dermal absorption was a concern.

isononyl isononanoate
Rating: GOOD
Categories: Emollients
Synthetic ester that functions as an emollient skin-softening agent. Occurs naturally in cocoa oil and lavender oil. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel has determined that isononyl isononanoate is safe in its current use and concentration in cosmetic products.

Isononyl Isononanoate

What Is isononyl isononanoate?
Pelargonic Acid, also called nonanoic acid, is a fatty acid with nine carbons. Isononanoic acid also has nine carbons but at least one single carbon branch. Esters of Pelargonic Acid and isononanoic acid including Butylene Glycol Diisononanoatie, Cetearyl Isononanoate, Cetearyl Nonanoate, Cetyl Isononanoate, Diethylene Glycol Diethylhexanoate/Diisononanoate, Dipentaerythrityl Pentaisononanoate, Ethylhexyl Isononanoate, Isodecyl Isononanoate, Isononyl Isononanoate, Isostearyl Isononanoate, Isotridceyl Isononanoate, Neopentyl Glycol Diisononanoate, PEG-2 Diisononanoate, PEG-5 Isononanoate, Pentaerythrityl Tetraisononanoate, Polyglyceryl-20 Octaisononanoate, Propylene Glycol Diisononanoate, Tridecyl Isononanoate, Ethylhexyl Pelagonate, Ethyl Pelargonate, Isobutyl Pelargonate, Methyl Pelargonate and Pentaerythrityl Tetrapelargonate may also be used in cosmetic and personal care products. Among the esters, Isononyl Isononoate, Cetearyl Isononanoate and Ethylhexyl Isononanoate are most likely to be used in cosmetics and personal care products.

Why is isononyl isononanoate used in cosmetics and personal care products?
The following functions have been reported for Pelargonic Acid and its esters.

Binder - Pentaerythrityl Tetrapelargonate
Hair conditioning agent - Cetearyl Isononanoate, Diethylene Glycol Diethylhexanoate/Diisononanoate, Ethyl Pelargonate
Plasticizer - Diethylene Glycol Diethylhexanoate/Diisononanoate
Skin conditioning agent - emollient - Butylene Glycol Diisononanoate, Cetearyl Isononanoate, Cetearyl Nonanoate, Cetyl Isononanoate, Diethylene Glycol Diethylhexanoate/Diisononanoate, Dipentaerythrityl Pentaisononanoate, Ethylhexyl Isononanoate, Isodecyl Isononanoate, Isononyl Isononanoate, Isostearyl Isononanoate, Isotridecyl Isononanoate, Neopentyl Glycol Diisononanoate, Tridecyl Isononanoate, Ethylhexyl Pelargonate, Ethyl Pelargonate, Isobutyl Pelargonate, Methyl Pelargonate,
Skin conditioning agent - occlusive - Butylene Glycol Diisononanoate, Pentaerythrityl Tetraisononanoate, Propylene Glycol Diisononanoate, Pentaerythrityl Tetrapelargonate
Surfactant - cleansing agent - Pelargonic Acid, Polyglyceryl-20 Octaisononanoate
Surfactant - emulsifying agent - Pelargonic Acid, PEG-2 Diisononanoate, PEG-5 Isononanoate, Polyglyceryl-20 Octaisononanoate
Surfactant - solubilizing agent - Polyglyceryl-20 Octaisononanoate
Viscosity increasing agent - nonaqueous - Butylene Glycol Diisononanoate, Dipentaerythrityl Pentaisononanoate, Pentaerythrityl Tetrisononanoate, Propylene Glycol Diisononanoate, Pentaerythrityl Tetrapelargonate
Scientific Facts: 
Pelargonic Acid is a fatty acid that is found in almost all species of animals and plants and it is found in low levels in many foods. Because it contains nine carbon atoms, isononyl isononanoate is also called nonanoic acid. Pelargonic Acid is also used as an herbicide to prevent growth of weeds both indoors and outdoors, and as a blossom thinner for apple and pear trees.

Functions:

Isononyl Isononanoate is a skin conditioning emollient that leaves a silky feeling on the skin. Very little information is available about the distinguishing characteristics of this emollient.

Safety Measures/Side Effects:

Although the Environmental Working Group gave Isononyl Isononanoate 100% safety rating and it is generally considered a safe ingredient in beauty products, the November 2008 issue of Contact Dermatitis published a new study by the Department of Dermatology at a Belgium University entitled “New Cosmetic Allergens: Isononyl Isononanoate and Trioleyl Phosphate” although full results were unavailable at this time.

Details
An emollient ester with a rich and creamy but non-greasy skin feel. It makes skin supple and protects dry skin. 

Molecular Weight    284.5 g/mol    Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
XLogP3-AA    6.5    Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count    0    Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count    2    Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Rotatable Bond Count    10    Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Exact Mass    284.27153 g/mol    Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Monoisotopic Mass    284.27153 g/mol    Computed by PubChem 2.1 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Topological Polar Surface Area    26.3 Ų    Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Heavy Atom Count    20    Computed by PubChem
Formal Charge    0    Computed by PubChem
Complexity    281    Computed by Cactvs 3.4.6.11 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)
Isotope Atom Count    0    Computed by PubChem
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count    0    Computed by PubChem
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count    2    Computed by PubChem
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count    0    Computed by PubChem
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count    0    Computed by PubChem
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count    1    Computed by PubChem
Compound Is Canonicalized    Yes