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Isopropyl alcohol (IUPAC name propan-2-ol and also called isopropanol or 2-propanol) is a colourless, flammable chemical compound (chemical formula CH3CHOHCH3) with a strong odour. As an isopropyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, it is the simplest example of a secondary alcohol, where the alcohol carbon atom is attached to two other carbon atoms. It is a structural isomer of 1-propanol and ethyl methyl ether.
It is used in the manufacture of a wide variety of industrial and household chemicals and is a common ingredient in chemicals such as antiseptics, disinfectants, and detergents.
CAS NO: 67-63-0
EC NUMBER: 200-661-7
IUPAC NAMES:
2 propanol
2-Propanol
2-propanol
2-Propanol
2-Propyl alcohol
CH3CHOHCH3
IPA
IPOL
Iso propyl alcohol
iso-Propyl alcohol
iso-propyl alcohol
Iso-propyl Alcohol
iso-propylalcohol
Isopropyl alcohol
ISOPROPANOL
Isopropanol
isopropanol
Isopropanol
isopropanol
isopropanol; Isopropyl alcohol; 2-Propanol ...
ISOPROPANOLI
isopropanolIPA
Isopropopanol
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
Isopropyl Alcohol
Isopropyl alcohol
isopropyl alcohol
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
Isopropyl alcohol
isopropyl alcohol
Isopropyl Alcohol-IPA
isopropyl alkohol
Isopropylalcohol
Isopropylalcohol
isopropylalcohol
isopropylalcohol, IPA
Propaan-2-ol
Propan -2- ol
propan-1-ol
propan-2 olo
PROPAN-2-OL
Propan-2-ol
propan-2-ol
Propan-2-ol
propan-2-ol
Propan-2-ol (Isopropyl Alcohol)
Propan-2-ol (isopropyl alcohol)
Propan-2-ol, Isopropanol
Propan-2-ol, isopropanol
propan-2-ol, isopropyl alcohol, isopropanol
propan-2-ol/isopropyl alcohol/isopropanol
propan-2-ol; isopropyl alcohol; isopropanol
propan-2-olo
propan-2ol
propane-2-ol
Propano-2-ol
propanolo
sec-Propyl alcohol, IPA, Isopropanol, Isopropyl alcohol
TRI
UPV15
SYNOYNMS:
isopropanol;2-Propanol;Isopropyl alcohol;Propan-2-ol;67-63-0;2-Hydroxypropane;sec-Propyl alcohol;Alkolave;Avantine;Hartosol;Dimethylcarbinol;i-Propanol;Petrohol;Takineocol;Alcojel;Avantin;1-Methylethanol;2-Propyl alcohol;Alcolo;Isohol;Lavacol;Lutosol;Propol;Alcosolve 2;1-Methylethyl alcohol;Imsol A;Arquad DMCB;Alcosolve;Spectrar;i-Propylalkohol;n-Propan-2-ol;Combi-schutz;i-Propyl alcohol;ISO-PROPANOL;Isopropyl alcohol, rubbing;Iso-propylalkohol;Alcool isopropilico;Visco 1152;Alcool isopropylique;Sterisol hand disinfectant;i-Propanol [German];sec-Propanol;iPrOH;i-Propylalkohol [German];Iso-propylalkohol [German];Alcool isopropilico [Italian];Alcool isopropylique [French];isopropylalcohol;iso-propylalcohol;propanol-2;MFCD00011674;UNII-ND2M416302;Isopropyl alcohol [USP];CHEBI:17824;ND2M416302;NSC-135801;2-Propanol, anhydrous;NCGC00090917-01;Rubbing alcohol;DSSTox_CID_762;Isopropyl alcohol (USP);DSSTox_RID_75777;DSSTox_GSID_20762;Isopropanol, 99.5+%, pure;2-Propanol, USP, 99.0%;Caswell No. 507;Isopropanol, 99.5%, for HPLC;ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL(2-D);Isopropanol, 99.5+%, extra pure;FEMA Number 2929;Isopropanol, 99.5%, for analysis;2-Propanol, ACS reagent, >=99.5%;CAS-67-63-0;Isopropanol, 99.5%, for spectroscopy ACS,CCRIS 2308;HSDB 116,Isopropanol, 99.5%, for HPLC gradient grade;Isopropanol, 99.8%, Extra Dry, AcroSeal(R);EINECS 200-661-7;UN1219;ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL(1,1,1,3,3,3-D6);NSC 135801;BRN 0635639;ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL(1,1,1,2,3,3,3-D7);isoproylalcohol;Virahol;i-propylalcohol;Isopropanol, 99%, for biochemistry and histology, AcroSeal(R);Isopropanol, 99.8%, for electronic use (MOS), residue free;Lavaco;Isopropylalkohol;2propanol;2-propylalcohol;isopropy alcohol;isoproyl alcohol;AI3-01636;Isopropanol, 99.5%, Extra Dry over Molecular Sieve, AcroSeal(R);Isopropyl-alcohol;propane-2ol;Isopropanol, 99+%, specified according to the requirements of Ph.Eur.;propan-2ol;2-propano,Isopropryl alcohol,propane-2-ol;2 -propanol;2- propanol;propan 2-ol;iso-PrOH;Isopropyl Alcohol;i-PrOH;(propan-2-ol);Isopro (TN);Recovered Isopropano;Tissue Dry Dehydrant;Isopropyl Alcohol C+;Hibistat (Salt/Mix);Isopropanol, technical;i-Pr-OH;Propane, 2-hydroxy-;2-Propanol, Ph Eur;iso-C3H7OH;Isopropanol (JP17);(2R)-propan-2-ol;Isopropanol (Recovered);Isopropanol ACS reagent;2-Propanol, GC Grade;2-Propanol, for HPLC;2-PROPANOL-OD;Isopropyl Alcohol - GMP;2-Propanol, ACS reagent;2-Propanol, HPLC Grade;ACMC-1BI1R;CHEMBL582;Isopropyl alcohol HPLC/UV;2-Propanol, 99.5%;EC 200-661-7;2-$l^{1}-oxidanylpropane;IPS 1;Isopropanol, 70% in water;Isopropanol, 70% in H2O;4-01-00-01461 (Beilstein Handbook Reference);Isopropyl alcohol (manufacture strong-acid process);Ethyl, 1-hydroxy-1-methyl-;Isopropanol, Isopropyl Alcohol;Isopropanol, 99.5% anhydrous;WLN: QY1&1;2-Propanol, analytical standard;Isopropanol or isopropyl alcohol;2-Propanol, LR, >=99%;DTXSID7020762;BDBM36154;Isopropyl alcohol (manufacturing-strong acid process only);2-Propanol, anhydrous, 99.5%;ZINC901159;2-Propanol, AR, >=99.5%;AMY11029;2-Propanol, 99.9%, PRA grade;2-Propanol, for HPLC, 99.5%;2-Propanol, for HPLC, 99.9%;2-Propanol, technical grade, 95%;Isopropanol, 99.6%, ACS reagent;Isopropyl Alcohol Reagent Grade ACS;2-Propanol, 99.5%, HPLC grade;2-Propanol, Spectrophotometric Grade;ANW-35384;NSC135801;Isopropanol, 99+%, for spectroscopy;2-Propanol, histological grade, 99%;AKOS000121012;2-Propanol, for HPLC, >=99.8%;DB02325;MCULE-6646752234;UN 1219;NCGC00260024-01;2-Propanol, UV HPLC gradient, 99.8%;Isopropyl alcohol (only persons who manufacture by the strong acid process are subject,;supplier notification not required);Isopropyl alcohol, natural, >=98%, FG;Phenolphthalein Solution, Alcoholic 0.5%;2-Propanol 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile;ISO-PROPYL-1,1,1,2-D4 ALCOHOL;Isopropyl alcohol, >=99.7%, FCC, FG;2-Propanol, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%;2-Propanol, ACS spectrophotometric grade, >=99.5%;2-Propanol, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, 99.8%;2-Propanol, reag. ISO, UV HPLC spectroscopic, 99.7%;2-Propanol, BioReagent, for molecular biology, >=99.5%;2-Propanol, electronic grade, 99.999% trace metals basis;2-Propanol, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, >=99.8% (GC);2-Propanol, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, anhydrous, >=99.5%;2-Propanol, BioUltra, for molecular biology, >=99.5% (GC);Isopropanol or isopropyl alcohol [UN1219] [Flammable liquid];Isopropyl alcohol, EuropePharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard;Isopropyl alcohol, meets EP, BP, USP testing specifications;2-Propanol, >=99.7%, suitable for absorption spectrum analysis;2-Propanol, semiconductor grade PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17829);2-Propanol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard;2-Propanol, >=99.7%, for residue analysis, suitable for 1000 per JIS;2-Propanol, HPLC Plus, for HPLC, GC, and residue analysis, 99.9%;2-Propanol, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material;2-Propanol, semiconductor grade MOS PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17930);2-Propanol, semiconductor grade SLSI PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17030);2-Propanol, semiconductor grade ULSI PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17022);2-Propanol, semiconductor grade VLSI PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17604);2-Propanol, HPLC Plus, for HPLC, GC, and residue analysis, 99.9%, poly coated bottles;2-Propanol, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99.8% (GC);2-Propanol, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, >=99.5% (GC)
Properties
Isopropyl alcohol is miscible in water, ethanol, ether, and chloroform. It dissolves ethylcellulose, polyvinyl butyral, many oils, alkaloids, gums and natural resins. Unlike ethanol or methanol, isopropyl alcohol is not miscible with salt solutions and can be separated from aqueous solutions by adding a salt such as sodium chloride. The process is colloquially called salting out and causes concentrated isopropyl alcohol to separate into a distinct layer.
Isopropyl alcohol forms an azeotrope with water, which gives a boiling point of 80.37 °C (176.67 °F) and composition of 87.7% by mass (91% by volume) isopropyl alcohol. Water–isopropyl alcohol mixtures have depressed melting points. It has a slightly bitter taste and is not safe to drink.
Isopropyl alcohol becomes increasingly viscous with decreasing temperature and freezes at −89 °C (−128 °F).
Isopropyl alcohol has a maximal absorbance at 205 nm in an ultraviolet-visible spectrum.
Reactions
Isopropyl alcohol can be oxidized to acetone, which is the corresponding ketone. This can be achieved using oxidizing agents such as chromic acid, or by dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol over a heated copper catalyst:
Isopropyl alcohol is often used as both solvent and hydride source in the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction and other transfer hydrogenation reactions. Isopropyl alcohol may be converted to 2-bromopropane using phosphorus tribromide or dehydrated to propene by heating with sulfuric acid.
Like most alcohols, isopropyl alcohol reacts with active metals such as potassium to form alkoxides that can be called isopropoxides. The reaction with aluminium (initiated by a trace of mercury) is used to prepare the catalyst aluminium isopropoxide.
History
In 1920, Standard Oil first produced isopropyl alcohol by hydrating propene. Isopropyl alcohol was oxidized to acetone for the preparation of cordite, a smokeless, low explosive propellant.
Production
In 1994, 1.5 million tonnes of isopropyl alcohol were produced in the United States, Europe, and Japan. It is primarily produced by combining water and propene in a hydration reaction or by hydrogenating acetone. There are two routes for the hydration process and both processes require that the isopropyl alcohol be separated from water and other by-products by distillation. Isopropyl alcohol and water form an azeotrope, and simple distillation gives a material that is 87.9% by mass isopropyl alcohol and 12.1% by mass water. Pure (anhydrous) isopropyl alcohol is made by azeotropic distillation of the wet isopropyl alcohol using either diisopropyl ether or cyclohexane as azeotroping agents.
Biological
Small amounts of isopropyl alcohol are produced in the body in diabetic ketoacidosis.
Indirect hydration
Indirect hydration reacts propene with sulfuric acid to form a mixture of sulfate esters. This process can use low-quality propene and is predominant in the USA. These processes give primarily isopropyl alcohol rather than 1-propanol, because adding water or sulfuric acid to propene follows Markovnikov's rule. Subsequent hydrolysis of these esters by steam produces isopropyl alcohol, by distillation. Diisopropyl ether is a significant by-product of this process; it is recycled back to the process and hydrolyzed to give the desired product.
Direct hydration
Direct hydration reacts propene and water, either in the gas or liquid phase, at high pressures in the presence of solid or supported acidic catalysts. This type of process usually requires higher-purity propylene (> 90%). Direct hydration is more commonly used in Europe.
Hydrogenation of acetone
Isopropyl alcohol may be prepared via the hydrogenation of acetone, however, this approach involves an extra step compared to the above methods, as acetone is itself normally prepared from propene via the cumene process. It may remain economical depending on the value of the products. A known issue is the formation of MIBK and other self-condensation products. Raney nickel was one of the original industrial catalysts, modern catalysts are often supported by bimetallic materials. This is an efficient process and easy
Uses
One of the small scale uses of isopropanol is in cloud chambers. Isopropanol has ideal physical and chemical properties to form a supersaturated layer of vapour which can be condensed by particles of radiation.
In 1990, 45,000 metric tonnes of isopropyl alcohol were used in the United States, mostly as a solvent for coatings or for industrial processes. In that year, 5400 metric tonnes were used for household purposes and in personal care products. Isopropyl alcohol is popular in particular for pharmaceutical applications, due to its low toxicity. Some isopropyl alcohol is used as a chemical intermediate. Isopropyl alcohol may be converted to acetone, but the cumene process is more significant.
Solvent
Isopropyl alcohol dissolves a wide range of non-polar compounds. It also evaporates quickly, leaves nearly zero oil traces, compared to ethanol, and is relatively non-toxic, compared to alternative solvents. Thus, it is used widely as a solvent and as a cleaning fluid, especially for dissolving oils. Together with ethanol, n-butanol, and methanol, it belongs to the group of alcohol solvents.
Isopropyl alcohol is commonly used for cleaning eyeglasses, electrical contacts, audio or videotape heads, DVD and other optical disc lenses, removing thermal paste from heatsinks on CPUs and other IC packages.
Intermediate
Isopropyl alcohol is esterified to give isopropyl acetate, another solvent. It reacts with carbon disulfide and sodium hydroxide to give sodium isopropyl xanthate, a herbicide and an ore flotation reagent. Isopropyl alcohol reacts with titanium tetrachloride and aluminium metal to give titanium and aluminium isopropoxides, respectively, the former a catalyst, and the latter a chemical reagent. This compound may serve as a chemical reagent in itself, by acting as a dihydrogen donor in transfer hydrogenation.
Medical
Rubbing alcohol, hand sanitiser, and disinfecting pads typically contain a 60–70% solution of isopropyl alcohol or ethanol in water. Water is required to open up membrane pores of bacteria, which acts as a gateway for isopropyl alcohol. A 75% v/v solution in water may be used as a hand sanitiser. Isopropyl alcohol is used as a water-drying aid for the prevention of otitis externa, better known as swimmer's ear.
Early uses as an anaesthetic
Although isopropyl alcohol can be used for anaesthesia, its many negative attributes or drawbacks prohibit this use. Isopropyl alcohol can also be used similarly to ether as a solvent or as an anaesthetic by inhaling the fumes or orally. Early uses included using the solvent as a general anaesthetic for small mammals and rodents by scientists and some veterinarians. However, it was soon discontinued, as many complications arose, including respiratory irritation, internal bleeding, and visual and hearing problems. In rare cases, respiratory failure leading to death in animals was observed.
Automotive
Isopropyl alcohol is a major ingredient in "gas dryer" fuel additives. Insignificant quantities, water is a problem in fuel tanks, as it separates from gasoline and can freeze in the supply lines at low temperatures. Alcohol does not remove water from gasoline, but alcohol solubilizes water in gasoline. Once soluble, water does not pose the same risk as insoluble water, as it no longer accumulates in the supply lines and freezes but is consumed with the fuel itself. Isopropyl alcohol is often sold in aerosol cans as a windshield or door lock deicer. Isopropyl alcohol is also used to remove brake fluid traces from hydraulic braking systems so that the brake fluid (usually DOT 3, DOT 4, or mineral oil) does not contaminate the brake pads and cause poor braking. Mixtures of isopropyl alcohol and water are also commonly used in homemade windshield washer fluid.
Laboratory
As a biological specimen preservative, isopropyl alcohol provides a comparatively non-toxic alternative to formaldehyde and other synthetic preservatives. Isopropyl alcohol solutions of 70–99% are used to preserve specimens.
Isopropyl alcohol is often used in DNA extraction. A lab worker adds it to a DNA solution to precipitate the DNA, which then forms a pellet after centrifugation. This is possible because DNA is insoluble in isopropyl alcohol.
Biocidal Uses
Isopropyl alcohol is approved for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for human hygiene, disinfection, food and animals feeds.
Consumer Uses
Isopropyl alcohol is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, anti-freeze products, coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay, adhesives and sealants, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), polishes and waxes and finger paints. Another release to the environment of Isopropyl alcohol is likely to occur from outdoor use, indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and brake fluids) and indoor use in close systems with the minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).
Another release to the environment of Isopropyl alcohol is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with a low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials).
Isopropyl alcohol can be found in complex articles, with no release intended vehicles.
Widespread uses by professional workers
Isopropyl alcohol is used in the following products: coating products, plant protection products, cosmetics and personal care products, laboratory chemicals, pharmaceuticals, lubricants and greases, washing & cleaning products and fuels.
Isopropyl alcohol is used in the following areas: health services, agriculture, forestry and fishing, scientific research and development and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
Isopropyl alcohol is used for the manufacture of chemicals and machinery and vehicles.
Another release to the environment of Isopropyl alcohol is likely to occur from outdoor use, indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), indoor use in close systems with the minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with the minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and brake fluids).
Formulation or re-packing
Isopropyl alcohol is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, laboratory chemicals, pharmaceuticals, perfumes and fragrances, water treatment chemicals, washing & cleaning products and coating products.
Release to the environment of Isopropyl alcohol can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, the formulation in materials, in processing aids at industrial sites, manufacturing of the substance, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), of substances in closed systems with minimal release and in the production of articles.
Uses at industrial sites
Manufacture
Release to the environment of Isopropyl alcohol can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, in processing aids at industrial sites, formulation of mixtures, the formulation in materials, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as a processing aid and of substances in closed systems with the minimal release.
Physical Description
Volatile, colorless liquid with a sharp musty odor like rubbing alcohol. Flashpoint of 53°F. Density approximately 6.5 lb/gal. Used in making cosmetics, skin and hair preparations, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, lacquer formulations, dye solutions, antifreeze, soaps, window cleaners. Sold in 70% aqueous solution as rubbing alcohol.
USE AREAS
Both oil base and water base fracturing fluids are being used in the fracturing industry. Water base, which includes alcohol-water mixtures and low strength acids, make up the majority of treating fluids. The common chemicals added to these fluids are polymers for viscosity development, crosslinkers for viscosity enhancement, pH control chemicals, gel breakers for polymer degradation following the treatment, surfactants, clay stabilizers, alcohol, bactericides, fluid loss additives and friction reducer.
Hydraulic fracturing uses a specially blended liquid which is pumped into a well under extreme pressure causing cracks in rock formations underground. These cracks in the rock then allow oil and natural gas to flow, increasing resource production
Manufacture of acetone and its derivatives, manufacture of glycerol and isopropyl acetate, solvent for essential and other oils, alkaloids, gums, resins, etc; latent solvent for cellulose derivatives, coatings solvent, deicing agent for liquid fuels, lacquers, extraction processes, dehydrating agent, preservative, lotions, denaturant.
Solvent: oils, gums, waxes, resins, alkaloids, cement, primers, varnishes, paints, printing inks, cosmetics (eg lotions, perfumes, shampoos, skin cleansers, nail polishes, makeup removers, deodorants, body oils, and skin lotions); aerosol formulations (hair sprays, floor detergents, show polishes, insecticides, burn ointments, window cleaners, waxes and polishes, paints, automotive products, insect repellents, flea and tick spray, air refreshers, disinfectants, veterinary wound and pinkeye spray, first-aid spray, foot fungicide, and fabric-wrinkle remover).
Medical: antiseptic; disinfectant for home, hospital, and industry; rubbing alcohol; medicinal liniments; tinctures of green soap; scalp tonics; tincture of mercurophen; pharmaceuticals (eg, local anaesthetics, tincture of iodine, and bathing solutions for surgical sutures and dressings).
INDUSTRY USES
CONSUMER USES
INDUSTRY PROCESSING SECTORS
Isopropyl alcohol is important chemical products and raw materials. It is mainly applied to various fields including pharmaceutical, cosmetics, plastics, fragrances, paint as well as being used as the dehydrating agent and cleaning agent in and electronics industry. It can also be used as the reagent for the determination of barium, calcium, magnesium, nickel, potassium, sodium and strontium. It can also be used as the reference material for chromatographic analysis.
In the manufacturing industry of circuit board, it is used as a cleaning agent and the production of PCB holes for conductivity. Many people find that it can not only clean the motherboard with excellent performance but also get the best results. In addition, it is used for other electronic devices, including cleaning disc cartridge, floppy disk drives, magnetic tape, and the laser tip of the disc driver of a CD or DVD player.
Isopropyl alcohol can also be used as the solvent of oil and gel as well as for the manufacture of fishmeal feed concentrate. Low-quality isopropanol can also be used in automotive fuels. As the raw material of production of acetone, the usage amount of isopropanol is reducing. There are several compounds that are synthesized from isopropanol, such as isopropyl ester, methyl isobutyl ketone, di-isopropylamine, di-isopropyl ether, isopropyl acetate, thymol and many kinds of esters. We can supply isopropanol of different quality depending on the end-use it. The conventional quality of anhydrous isopropanol is more than 99%, while the special grade isopropanol content is higher than 99.8% (for flavours and drugs).
Chemical Properties
Isopropyl alcohol is a clear, colourless, mobile, volatile, flammable liquid with a characteristic, spirituous odour resembling that of a mixture of ethanol and acetone; it has a slightly bitter taste. It is miscible with water, ethyl ether, and ethyl alcohol. Isopropyl alcohol is incompatible with strong oxidizers, acetaldehyde, chlorine, ethylene oxide, acids, and isocyanates.
Isopropyl alcohol is important chemical products and raw materials. It is mainly applied to various fields including pharmaceutical, cosmetics, plastics, fragrances, paint as well as being used as the dehydrating agent and cleaning agent in and electronics industry. It can also be used as the reagent for the determination of barium, calcium, magnesium, nickel, potassium, sodium and strontium. It can also be used as the reference material for chromatographic analysis.
In the manufacturing industry of circuit board, it is used as a cleaning agent and the production of PCB holes for conductivity. Many people find that it can not only clean the motherboard with excellent performance but also get the best results. In addition, it is used for other electronic devices, including cleaning disc cartridge, floppy disk drives, magnetic tape, and the laser tip of the disc driver of a CD or DVD player.
Isopropyl alcohol can also be used as the solvent of oil and gel as well as for the manufacture of fishmeal feed concentrate. Low-quality isopropanol can also be used in automotive fuels. As the raw material of production of acetone, the usage amount of isopropanol is reducing. There are several compounds that are synthesized from isopropanol, such as isopropyl ester, methyl isobutyl ketone, di-isopropylamine, di-isopropyl ether, isopropyl acetate, thymol and many kinds of esters. We can supply isopropanol of different quality depending on the end-use it. The conventional quality of anhydrous isopropanol is more than 99%, while the special grade isopropanol content is higher than 99.8% (for flavours and drugs).
Isopropyl alcohol is used in the production of acetone, isopropyl halides, glycerin, and aluminium isopropoxide; employed widely as an industrial solvent for paints, polishes, and insecticides; as an antiseptic (rubbing alcohol); and in organic synthesis for introducing the isopropyl or isopropoxy group into the molecule. Being a common laboratory solvent like methanol, the exposure risks are always high; however, its toxicity is comparatively low.
isopropyl alcohol is a carrier, anti-bacterial, and solvent for skincare lotions. Isopropyl alcohol is made from propylene, a petroleum derivative.
When compared to ethanol, 50% less is required for nucleic acid precipitation, thus minimizing the total volume to be centrifuged for DNA or RNA recovery.
In antifreeze compositions; as a solvent for gums, shellac, essential oils; in the extraction of alkaloids; in quick-drying oils; in quick-drying inks; in denaturing ethyl alcohol; in body rubs; hand lotions, after-shave lotions and similar cosmetics. Solvent for creosote, resins, gums; in the manufacture of acetone, glycerol, isopropyl acetate. Pharmaceutic aid (solvent).
Isopropyl alcohol is commonly used for cleaning eyeglasses, electrical contacts, audio or videotape heads, DVD and other optical disc lenses, removing thermal paste from heatsinks on CPUs and other IC packages, etc. Isopropyl alcohol and its metabolite, acetone, act as central nervous system (CNS) depressants. Poisoning can occur from ingestion, inhalation, or skin absorption. Symptoms of isopropyl alcohol poisoning include flushing, headache, dizziness, CNS depression, nausea, vomiting, anaesthesia, hypothermia, low blood pressure, shock, respiratory depression, and coma. Overdoses may cause a fruity odour on the breath as a result of its metabolism to acetone. Isopropyl alcohol does not cause an anion gap acidosis but it produces an osmolar gap between the calculated and measured osmolalities of serum, as do the other alcohols.
Isopropyl alcohol is an isomer of propyl alcohol with antibacterial properties. Although the exact mechanism of isopropanol's disinfecting action is not known, it might kill cells by denaturing cell proteins and DNA, interfering with cellular metabolism, and dissolving cell lipoprotein membranes. Isopropanol is used in soaps and lotions as an antiseptic.
