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EC / List no.: 612-381-6
CAS no.: 61789-91-1
Jojoba oil /həˈhoʊbə/ is the liquid produced in the seed of the Simmondsia Chinensis (jojoba) plant, a shrub, which is native to southern Arizona, southern California, and northwestern Mexico.
The oil makes up approximately 50% of the jojoba seed by weight.
The terms "jojoba oil" and "jojoba wax" are often used interchangeably because the wax visually appears to be a mobile oil, but as a wax, it is composed almost entirely (~97%) of mono-esters of long-chain fatty acids (wax ester) and alcohols (isopropyl jojobate), accompanied by only a tiny fraction of triglyceride esters.
This composition accounts for its extreme shelf-life stability and extraordinary resistance to high temperatures, compared with true vegetable oils.
History
The O'odham Native American tribe extracted the oil from jojoba seeds to treat sores and wounds. The collection and processing of the seed from naturally occurring stands marked the beginning of jojoba domestication in the early 1970s.
In 1943, natural resources of the U.S, including jojoba oil, were used during war as additives to motor oil, transmission oil, and differential gear oil.
Machine guns were lubricated and maintained with jojoba.
Appearance
Unrefined jojoba oil appears as a clear golden liquid at room temperature with a slightly nutty odor.
Refined jojoba oil is colorless and odorless.
The melting point of jojoba oil is approximately 10 °C and the iodine value is approximately 80.
Jojoba oil is relatively shelf-stable when compared with other vegetable oils mainly because it contains few triglycerides, unlike most other vegetable oils such as grape seed oil and coconut oil.
Jojoba oil has an oxidative stability index of approximately 60, which means that it is more shelf-stable than safflower oil, canola oil, almond oil, or squalene but less than castor oil and coconut oil.
Chemistry
Physical properties
Freezing point: 7-10.6 °C
Refractive index: 1.5650 at 25 °C
Specific gravity: 0.863 at 25 °C
Smoke point: 195 °C
Flash point: 295 °C
Iodine number: 82
Viscosity: 48 SUS at 99 °C / 127 SUS at 37.8 °C
Viscosity index: 190-230
The fatty acid content of Jojoba oil can vary significantly depending on the soil and climate in which the plant is grown, as well as when it is harvested and how the oil is processed.
In general, it contains a high proportion of mono-unsaturated fatty acids, primarily 11-Eicosenoic acid (gondoic acid).
Uses:
Being derived from a plant that is slow-growing and difficult to cultivate, jojoba oil is mainly used for small-scale applications such as pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
Overall, it is used as a replacement for whale oil and its derivatives, such as cetyl alcohol.
The ban on importing whale oil to the U.S. in 1971 led to the discovery that jojoba oil is "in many regards superior to sperm whale oil for applications in the cosmetics and other industries".
Jojoba oil is found as an additive in many cosmetic products, especially those marketed as being made from natural ingredients.
In particular, such products commonly containing jojoba are lotions and moisturizers, hair shampoos and conditioners.
The pure oil itself may also be used on skin, hair, or cuticles.
Like olestra, jojoba oil is edible but non-caloric and non-digestible, meaning the oil will pass out of the intestines unchanged and can mimic steatorrhea—a health condition characterized by the inability to digest or absorb normal dietary fats.
Thus, this indigestible oil is present in the stool but does not indicate an intestinal disease.
If consumption of jojoba oil is discontinued in a healthy person, the indigestible oil in the stool will disappear.
Jojoba oil also contains approximately 12.1% of the fatty acid erucic acid that would appear to have toxic effects on the heart at high enough doses, if it were digestible.
Although impractical, jojoba biodiesel has been explored as a sustainable fuel that can serve as a substitute for petroleum diesel.
What is jojoba oil?
The jojoba plant is a hearty, perennial plant that grows in North America.
Not only does it thrive in the harsh, desert climates that could kill most living things, but it also produces a nut with many healing properties.
The nut of the jojoba plant can be made into an oil.
Jojoba oil is gentle enough to be used as a carrier oil to mix with other essential oils.
You can also use it on its own.
Many people use jojoba oil as part of their skin care routine.
And there are good reasons for that.
There’s plenty of evidence supporting the use of pure jojoba oil as a remedy for acne, dry skin, and countless other skin conditions.
1. It’s moisturizing
Jojoba oil is a humectant ingredient.
This means that it works to attract water to the top layer of the skin, helping to keep the skin hydrated.
This may help prevent bacterial infections, acne, and dandruff from forming.
2. It’s antibacterial
Jojoba oil contains antimicrobial and antifungal properties.
While lab tests found that jojoba oil doesn’t kill all bacterial or fungal species, it does kill certain bacteria and fungi that can cause salmonella, an E. coli infection, and candida.
3. It’s an antioxidant
Jojoba oil contains natural forms of vitamin E.
This vitamin works with your skin as an antioxidant.
This means that jojoba oil can help your skin fight oxidative stress caused by everyday exposure to pollutants and other toxins.
4. It’s non-comedogenic
Although jojoba oil is a botanical substance, its makeup is so similar to the oil (sebum) your body naturally produces that your skin can’t tell the difference.
This makes it less likely to build up on your skin and clog your pores, leading to fewer breakouts and less severe acne.
5. It’s hypoallergenic
On a molecular level, jojoba oil is a wax.
Although it can be absorbed into your skin, its waxy nature allows it to create a soothing seal on the surface.
6. Jojoba oil helps control sebum production
Jojoba oil regulates sebum production because it’s so similar to the sebum that your body produces naturally.
When you put jojoba oil on your skin, your skin is soothed and moisturized.
This sends a signal to your hair and sweat follicles that your skin doesn’t need additional sebum for hydration.
This keeps skin from looking oily and helps prevent acne caused by clogged pores.
7. Jojoba oil may help promote collagen synthesis
The antioxidants in jojoba oil may help your body produce collagen.
Collagen is a protein that’s in your skin and joints as well as the parts of your body made of cartilage.
Collagen levels decrease as you get older.
This is part of the reason your facial structure changes as you age. At least one study links antioxidants applied to the skin to improved collagen synthesis.
8. Jojoba oil may help speed up wound healing
Jojoba oil is a promising ingredient in stimulating wound healing.
Preliminary research shows that jojoba oil encourages your skin cells to bind together after they’ve been separated by a scratch or cut.
This may also be the reason for its ability to treat acne and acne scarring.
These wound-healing properties could be connected to jojoba oil’s concentration of natural vitamin E.
9. Jojoba oil may help soothe eczema, psoriasis, and other drying skin conditions
Jojoba oil has anti-inflammatory and healing properties.
Topical application may help relieve dryness, flaking, itching, and related symptoms.
People who have inflammatory skin conditions like psoriasis and eczema may find jojoba oil especially beneficial.
10. Jojoba oil may help soothe sunburns
Jojoba oil is a popular ingredient in some natural sunscreen products. One study suggests that vitamin E, when combined with other antioxidants, can help protect your skin from sun damage. Jojoba oil contains both.
Sun damage can dehydrate your skin and cause flaking.
Jojoba oil restores vitamin E, adds moisture, and promotes healing to soothe these symptoms of sunburns.
11. Jojoba oil may help treat acne
At least one clinical trial indicates that jojoba oil can help keep acne at bay. Jojoba oil has soothing anti-inflammatory agents, healing properties, is moisturizing, and is a natural antimicrobial.
These properties suggest that jojoba oil could help you avoid breakouts as well as promote healing for mild acne.
12. Jojoba oil may help reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles
Oxidative stress can be linked to the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
There’s no research that links jojoba to treating wrinkles and fine lines directly, but other plant products with antioxidant properties have been shown to improve the elasticity of skin.
This means that the antioxidant power of jojoba oil may help slow the signs of aging when used on your skin.
13. Jojoba oil may help minimize the appearance of scars
Vitamin E has long been recommended by health professionals to help with scarring.
Research on whether this works — and, if so, to what extent — is still ongoing.
If you’d like to try vitamin E as a remedy to scarring, jojoba oil may prove to be beneficial in the healing process.
Jojoba oil’s natural wound-healing properties combined with its vitamin E content could minimize the appearance of scars.
Jojoba oil is derived from the seeds of the jojoba shrub, a perennial native to the North American deserts.
The oil accounts for 50% of the jojoba seed and is extracted by cold-pressing, a process that helps maintain the rich nutritional value of the oil.
Similar to other skincare oils, jojoba oil contains oodles of vitamins, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory properties, but what sets it apart from the others is that it’s technically not an oil, but a wax ester.
Benefits & Uses
Face Moisturizer
Because it mimics the skin’s natural moisturizer (sebum), jojoba oil is an ideal face moisturizer for all types of skin (dry, oily, or combination).
Jojoba oil won’t clog pores, helps balance oil production, absorbs quickly, and doesn’t leave a greasy residue.
Jojoba’s light scent is appealing and subtle.
Hair Care
Jojoba oil is great for hair—adding shine, reducing grease, and protecting against split ends.
Massaging jojoba oil onto the scalp helps reduce flakes and itchiness caused by a dry scalp.
A scalp massage with jojoba oil can help clear clogged pores and follicles.
Nail and Cuticles
Jojoba can hydrate nail beds, cuticles, and the surrounding skin, which helps promote healthier nail growth.
By hydrating cuticles, nails get softer and are less likely to break and peel, resulting in longer and healthier-looking nails.
To use, soak fingertips in a small amount of jojoba and then massage the surrounding area.
Body Moisturizer
Jojoba is a fantastic all-over body moisturizer.
Simply apply to damp skin after a shower or bath to lock in moisture.
Jojoba oil soothes and replenishes moisture in dry skin.
Beard and Mustache Oil
Jojoba oil is ideal for facial hair because it strengthens and moisturizes by enhancing the hair’s natural oils, thereby increasing shine and reducing breakages.
Simply put jojoba oil on your hands, rub into your beard/mustache, and distribute with a brush.
Because jojoba isn’t greasy, it can be used every day.
Makeup Remover
Because it can be used near eyes, jojoba oil is an excellent makeup remover.
Simply put it on a cotton pad and use. In addition to removing makeup, jojoba oil will moisturize and protect skin.
Plus, its non-comedogenic properties mean it won’t clog pores.
Massage Oil
Because of all its benefits for skin, jojoba is the ideal choice for massage oil recipes.
Jojoba oil won’t leave skin feeling greasy and sticky, is non-allergenic, and won’t stain fabrics.
In addition, jojoba oil is shelf-stable because, unlike other oils, it does not oxidize or turn rancid over time because it doesn’t contain triglycerides.
Carrier Oil for Essential Oils
Essential oils must be diluted before being used on skin. A carrier oil helps to dilute essential oils before they are applied to the skin. Jojoba oil is one of the best carrier oils because it mimics the skin’s natural moisturizing oils, is non-allergenic, won’t clog pores, and absorbs quickly.
Improve the skin barrier
Jojoba oil is loaded with antioxidants, such as vitamins A and E, and omega-6 fatty acids, which are essential components of the skin’s barrier. Jojoba oil also acts as a humectant, meaning it works to retain moisture in the skin.
This protective layer, combined with the anti-inflammatory effects of the vitamin E, gives skin the breather necessary to focus on the healing process.
Soothe dry skin
Similar to other oils, jojoba oil is great for soothing dry, irritated skin (or preventing it from cropping up in the first place).
“Its anti-inflammatory benefits help calm the complexion, while providing the hydration it needs to restore itself,” says Dr. Schlessinger.
And because it’s a humectant, it forms a protective seal over the skin to prevent future moisture loss.
Treat acne
“Jojoba oil’s chemical composition allows it to mimic the skin’s sebum, therefore it balances out the skin by not overproducing oil in areas of the skin where it’s not needed,” says Michele Green, M.D., a New York City-based board-certified dermatologist and RealSelf.com contributor.
Jojoba oil also contains antimicrobial properties that can ward off certain types of bacteria, making it an excellent choice for acne-prone skin.
Delay signs of aging
Jojoba oil is naturally rich in vitamin E, a potent antioxidant that helps the skin defend itself against free radicals that can cause premature aging and skin damage, says Dr. Schlessinger.
It’s also rich in amino acids, which are the building blocks of collagen.
A clear, yellow oil that is expressed from the organically grown seeds of the Jojoba plant.
Jojoba oil is an occlusive moisturiser which means it slows down Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL) from the skin. Normally, we don’t recommend the use of synthetic occlusives like liquid paraffin as they seal the skin for many days which we believe to be most undesirable.
However, Jojoba Oil is a temporary occlusive and just reduces the moisture loss for about 12 hours of the day. Jojoba oil does not seal the skin completely and allows to skin to continue its normal eliminative functions.
Use 1% to 100%.
Oil is soluble so cannot be used in water-only products.
Jojoba oil can be used in small amounts in water-based gels that will hold it in suspension.
Heat is stable so can be used in Stage 1 (fat stage) when making creams and lotions.
The waxy esters in the oil make it very stable and resistant to oxidation.
Jojoba oil is actually a wax that is liquid at room temperature.
If you store your bottle in a cold area, you will see that it goes cloudy and thicker at the bottom of the bottle.
This is the fatty esters solidifying and nothing is settling out or separating - it is just that the bottle in a cold room is usually colder at the bottom than the top.
This does not damage the oil and coming to room temperature will restore the usual clarity of the oil.
Blend Jojoba Oil with a little Geranium Essential Oil to make an oil balancing facial oil.
Combine it with low freezing point oils like Hazelnut and Squalane to make effective facial oils and products for combination skin types.
Jojoba oil is the liquid extracted from the seeds of a perennial shrub called the Simmondsia Chinensis.
This shrub is part of the Buxaceae family that grows wild in the desert areas of Arizona, California, Mexico, and Egypt. Because jojoba oil has very low levels of triglycerides, it’s extraordinarily shelf-stable.
This makes it an ideal choice for cosmetic products.
Many common hair and skin care products contain jojoba oil, but even on its own, jojoba oil is a powerhouse for your clean beauty routine.
It's rich in beauty-boosting ingredients like vitamin E, vitamin B complex, copper, and zinc.
Many oils are comedogenic, meaning they clog your pores and may not be good for those with acne-prone skin.
But, because of the chemical structure, jojoba oil is different (more on that later).
There are countless benefits of jojoba oil, along with many different ways to use it.
Jojoba oil, which is actually more of a wax (54% wax) than a liquid, is extracted from the seeds of the jojoba bush or Simmondsia chinensis, native to desert regions of northern America.
If you store jojoba oil in a cold place, you’ll see it looks cloudy and gets thicker.
This is due to the fact jojoba oil is a wax that becomes liquid at room temperature.
When stored in a colder temperature, the fattier elements start to solidify and separate out.
Traditionally, jojoba oil was used as a herbal remedy for indigestion and wound-healing.
Nowadays, the oil is often used:
- In cosmetics, for example, sunscreens and moisturizers
- To relieve dry skin
- As a treatment to nourish and strengthen hair strands
Jojoba oil is available on its own or combined with other oils, or you might find it as an ingredient in a skincare product, such as in cream, face mask or body scrub.
Jojoba oil for hair is as popular for jojoba oil for skin.
It’s a real all-around product and can be found in hair conditioners, as well as nail and cuticle products.
How is jojoba oil made?
It’s usually made by a method known as cold pressing.
1. The hard, pod-like brown seeds are poured into an expeller or seed press.
2. The oil is then extracted and the exterior, which contains a substance called Simmondsin that can be toxic if consumed, is disposed of.
3. The jojoba oil liquid’s poured into glass containers with airtight lids and is ready to use for an indefinite period of time.
Cold-pressed organic jojoba oil is reported to be the best jojoba oil because it’s unrefined and 100% natural.
When it comes to storing jojoba oil, it’s best to keep it in a dark, cool place although, unlike other cosmetic oils, it doesn’t become rancid because it doesn’t contain any triglycerides.
Jojoba oil benefits: What is jojoba oil good for?
Researchers looking into the effects of jojoba oil on the skin have suggested it may have the following effects:
Moisturising
Skin-soothing
Hydrating
Jojoba’s renowned for its rejuvenating properties.
It’s also an incredibly versatile oil that’s suitable for all skin types and sinks into the skin quickly, making it feel soft and supple.
It’s moisturising
Jojoba oil for skin has amazing moisturising properties due to the fact its pH level is nearly identical to that of the natural moisturiser, sebum, that’s produced by human skin.
This makes it incredibly soothing for human skin.
Jojoba oil promotes natural healing
Jojoba oil contains Vitamin E, which is an antioxidant.
As a result, it can help prevent damage from free radicals and boost overall complexion.
Jojoba oil also works by preventing the oxidisation of substances, such as oil that can clog the pores, on the skin.
A 2011 Italian laboratory study on human cells found jojoba oil may promote wound repair, for example by speeding up collagen synthesis, although more research is needed in this area.
Jojoba oil balances skin oil
Because jojoba oil’s so similar to the skin’s natural moisturiser, sebum, the skin thinks it’s adequately moisturised when applied.
In turn, this can help balance out the natural levels of sebum.
What’s more, it’s also non-comedogenic, which means it won’t block pores.
Jojoba oil reduces the appearance of wrinkles
Because of the fact it’s such an excellent ‘natural’ moisturiser, and keeping skin moisturised can help to fade the appearance of some wrinkles and fine lines.
Jojoba oil’s also said to help improve skin suppleness too.
Description
Jojoba oil is Oily liquid in nature and has a characteristic fatty odor.
Jojoba oil is goldencolored liquid wax, which are produced by the seeds of the jojoba plant Jojoba oil is used for dry and oily skin.
Jojoba oil regulates the sebum produced on the skin, as the oil can control the greasy texture of the skin.
On dry skin type, the oil acts as a moisturizer. Mix a little quantity of jojoba oil with your regular moisturizer and this works wonders on your skin.
Jojoba oil also acts as a lip-balm for dry and chapped lips.
Jojoba oil has many benefits, and is best used for the hair and skin.
Jojoba oil has been reported combustible at high temperature.
Chemical Properties
Colorless, odorless, waxy liquid; chemically similar to sperm oil.
Uses:
jojoba oil (Simmondsia chinensis) is a moisturizer and emollient.
Jojoba oil was traditionally held in high regard by native Americans of the Sonora Desert for its cosmetic properties.
Mystical properties have been attributed to it for its apparent ability to heal the skin.
Jojoba oil reduces transepidermal water loss without completely blocking the transportation of water vapor and gases, providing the skin with suppleness and softness.
In addition, it gives cosmetic products excellent spreadability and lubricity.
Studies indicate that jojoba oil can penetrate rapidly by absorption via the pores and hair follicles.
From these areas, it seems to diffuse into the stratum corneum layer and acts with intercellular lipids to further reduce water loss.
Ingredient manufacturers claim that the chemical composition, functionality, blending ability, appearance, and feel of synthetically produced jojoba oil are the same as the natural oil.
Jojoba oil is not a primary skin irritant and does not promote sensitization.
Although it is generally considered non-comedogenic, laboratory studies indicate slight-to-moderate comedogenicity depending on the potency of the oil. Jojoba oil is derived from the plant seeds.
About Jojoba oil
Helpful information
Jojoba oil is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 to < 100 tonnes per annum.
Jojoba oil is used by consumers, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing and at industrial sites.
Consumer Uses
Jojoba oil is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products.
Other release to the environment of Jojoba oil is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid.
Article service life
ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which Jojoba oil is most likely to be released to the environment. ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or into which articles the substance might have been processed.
Widespread uses by professional workers
Jojoba oil is used in the following products: biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), perfumes and fragrances, pharmaceuticals, polishes and waxes, washing & cleaning products and cosmetics and personal care products.
Jojoba oil is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Other release to the environment of Jojoba oil is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid.
Formulation or re-packing
Jojoba oil is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), perfumes and fragrances, pharmaceuticals, polishes and waxes and washing & cleaning products. Release to the environment of Jojoba oil can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Uses at industrial sites
Jojoba oil is used in the following products: biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), perfumes and fragrances, pharmaceuticals, polishes and waxes, washing & cleaning products and cosmetics and personal care products.
Jojoba oil is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of Jojoba oil can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles.
Manufacture
ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which Jojoba oil is most likely to be released to the environment.
IUPAC names:
Jojoba Esters
Jojoboa Oil
SYNONYMS:
Golden Jojoba
JOJOBA OIL REFINED
JOJOBA OIL, UNREFINED
Jojoba bean oil, Jojoba liquid wax
Jojoba bean oil, Jojoba liquid wax, Jojobae oelum
OIL, JOJOBA(RG)
Jojoba oil (Simmondsia chinensis)
jojobaoilfromsimmondsiachinensis
Jojobawax
WaxesandWaxysubstances,jojoba
JOJOBA BEAN OIL
JOJOBAE OELUM
JOJOBA LIQUID WAX
JOJOBA OIL
JOJOBA OIL, CLEAR
JOJOBA OIL, GOLDEN
OIL OF JOJOBA
OIL, JOJBA
EMALEX J J O-V
SIMMONDSIA CHINENSIS (JOJOBA) SEED WAX
fromsimmondsiachinensis
JOJOBA(BUXUSCHINENSIS)OIL
SIMMONDSIA CHINENSIS (JOJOBA) SEED OIL
high quality CAS 61789-91-1 cosmetics usage, skin care, carrier oil jojoba oil with best price
Primary jojoba oil
Jojoba oil extrapure
