LAURYL ALCOHOL

CAS NO:112-53-8
EC NO:    203-982-0

SYNONYMS
1-Dodecanol;1-Dodecyl alcohol;1-Hydroxydodecane;Dodecyl Alcohol; 1-Dodecanol;1-Dodecanol; Alcohol, C12; Dodecan-1-ol; dodecanol; Hydroxydodecane; Undecyl carbinol; Dodécane-1-ol (French);Adol 10;Adol 11;Adol 12;Alcohol C-12;ALCOHOL C-12 (LAURYL ALCOHOL);CO 1214;Conol 1275;Conol 20P;Conol 20PP;Dodecan-1-ol;dodecane-1-ol;Dodecanol;Dodecyl alcohol;Epal 12;Hainol 12SS;K 20;K 20 (alcohol);Kalcohl 20;Kalcohl 2098;Kalcol 2098;Lauric alcohol;Laurinic alcohol;Lauryl 24;LAURYL ALCOHOL;Lorol C 12;Lorol C 12/98;NAA 42;Nacol 12-96;n-Dodecan-1-ol;n-Dodecyl alcohol;NSC 3724;Pisol;S 1298;Sipol L 12;Siponol 25;Siponol L 2;Siponol L 5;1-DODECANOL;Dodecanol;Dodecan-1-ol;Dodecyl alcohol;Lauryl alcohol;112-53-8;n-Dodecyl alcohol;Undecyl carbinol;Dodecylalcohol;Lauric alcohol;Laurinic alcohol;1-Dodecyl alcohol;Pisol;n-Dodecan-1-ol;Duodecyl alcohol;1-Hydroxydodecane;Siponol L5;Karukoru 20;Lauroyl alcohol;Siponol 25;Lorol 5;Lorol 7;n-Dodecanol;Lauryl 24;Alcohol C-12;Alfol 12;Lorol 11;Sipol L12;Dytol J-68;Siponol L2;Cachalot L-50;Cachalot L-90;Alcohols, C8-18;n-Lauryl alcohol;C12 alcohol;Hainol 12SS;Hydroxydodecane;Conol 20P;Conol 20PP;Lorol;Dodecyl alcoho;EPAL 12;Adol 10;Adol 12;DodecanolDodecyl Alcohol; 1-Dodecanol;1-Dodecanol; Alcohol, C12; Dodecan-1-ol; dodecanol; Hydroxydodecane; Undecyl carbinol; Dodécane-1-ol (French);-1;n-Lauryl alcohol, primary;Nacol 12-96;Fatty alcohol(C12);Adol 11;Lorol C 12;NAA 42;FEMA Number 2617;Dytol J-68 (VAN);Lorol C 12/98;alcohol C-12;alcohol C-12 (lauryl alcohol);alcohol C-12 lauric;alcohol C-12 lauric FCC;alcohol C-12 natural;alcohol C12;dodecan-1-ol;N-dodecan-1-ol;1-dodecanol;N-dodecanol;dodecyl alcohol;1-dodecyl alcohol;N-dodecyl alcohol;1-duodecyl alcohol;1-hydroxydodecane;lauric alcohol;laurinic alcohol;lauryl alcohol;N-lauryl alcohol;undecyl carbinol

Dodecanol or lauryl alcohol, is an organic compound produced industrially from palm kernel oil or coconut oil. It is a fatty alcohol. Sulfate esters of lauryl alcohol, especially sodium lauryl sulfate, are very widely used as surfactants. Sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, and sodium laureth sulfate are all used in shampoos. Lauryl alcohol is tasteless and colorless with a floral odor.

Production and use

In 1993, the European demand of dodecanol was around 60 thousand tons per year (Tt/a). It can be obtained from palm kernel or coconut oil fatty acids and methyl esters by hydrogenation.It may also be produced synthetically via the Ziegler process. A classic laboratory method involves Bouveault-Blanc reduction of ethyl laurate.

Dodecanol is used to make surfactants, lubricating oils, pharmaceuticals, in the formation of monolithic polymers and as a flavor enhancing food additive. In cosmetics, dodecanol is used as an emollient. It is also the precursor to dodecanal, an important fragrance, and 1-bromododecane, an alkylating agent for improving the lipophilicity of organic molecules.

Toxicity

Dodecanol can irritate the skin. It has about half the toxicity of ethanol, but it is very harmful to marine organisms.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE    clear oily liquid

MELTING POINT    24 - 27 C

BOILING POINT    258 - 264 C

SPECIFIC GRAVITY 0.82 - 0.83

SOLUBILITY IN WATER Insoluble    
 
AUTOIGNITION 527 C

NFPA RATINGS    Health: 1; Flammability: 0; Reactivity: 0

FLASH POINT 119 C

STABILITY    Stable under ordinary conditions

GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATIONS

Fatty alcohols, derived from natural fats and oils, are high molecular straight chain primary alcohols. They include lauryl (C12), MyrIstyl (C14), Cetyl ( or palmityl: C16), stearyl (C18), Oleyl (C18, unsaturated), and Linoleyl (C18, polyunsaturated) alcohols. There are synthetic fatty alcohols equivalent physically and chemically to natural alcohols obtained from oleochemical sources such as coconut and palm kernel oil. Fatty alcohols are emulsifiers and emollients to make skin smoother and prevent moisture loss. Identical fatty esters are used to improve rub-out of formulas and to control viscosity and dispersion characteristics in cosmetics, personal care products and pharmaceutical ingredients. As chemical intermediates, the primary use of fatty alcohols are as raw material for the production of fatty sulfate salts and alcohol ethoxylates for foaming and cleaning purposes in the field of detergent industry. Chemical reactions of primary alcohols include esterifications, ethoxylation, sulfation, oxidation and many other reactions. Their derivatives and end use applications include;

Nonionic surfactants (Ethoxylates and propoxylates)

Anionic surfactants (Alkyl sulfates and alkyl ethoxy sulfates)

Chemical intermediates and  polymerization modifiers (Alkyl halides, Alkyl mercaptans)

Quaternary ammonium compounds for detergent sanitisers, softner for textiles, phase transfer catalyst and biocides

Antioxidants for plastics (Alkyl thiopropionates and alkyl phosphites)

Lubricant additives (Metallic and thio alkylphosphates)

Flavor and Fragrance (Aldehydes and ketones)

PVC plasticizers (Dialkyl Phthalates, adipates and trimellitates)

Coatings and inks (acrylate and methacrylate esters)

Water treatment (acrylate and methacrylate esters)

Large amount of fatty alcohols are used as special solvents, fillers in plasticizer and insulating materials for the building industry. Fatty alcohols are used as ingredients in the industries of agricultural, foodstuff, metal processing, cosmetics, lube additive, pharmaceutical, rubber, textile, perfume and flavouring as well as synthetic detergent.

SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE clear oily liquid

TOTAL ALCOHOL 99.5% min

IODINE VALUE    0.2 max

ACID VALUE 0.1 max

HYDROXYL VALUE 298 - 302 (mg KOH/g)

COLOR, APHA 10 max

WATER 0.1% max

SOLIDIFICATION 20 - 24 C

C DISTRIBUTION  C10 (2.0% max) + C12 (98.0% min) + C14 (2.0% max)

Fatty Acids are aliphatic carboxylic acid with varying hydrocarbon lengths at one end of the chain joined to terminal carboxyl (-COOH) group at the other end. The general formula is R-(CH2)n-COOH. Fatty acids are predominantly unbranched and those with even numbers of carbon atoms between 12 and 22 carbons long react with glycerol to form lipids (fat-soluble components of living cells) in plants, animals, and microorganisms. Fatty acids all have common names respectively lilk lauric (C12), MyrIstic (C14), palmitic (C16), stearic (C18), oleic (C18, unsaturated), and linoleic (C18, polyunsaturated) acids. The saturated fatty acids have no solid bonds, while oleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid has one solid bond (also described as olefinic) and polyunsaturated fatty acids like linolenic acid contain two or more solid bonds. Lauric acid (also called Dodecanoic acid) is the main acid in coconut oil (45 - 50 percent) and palm kernel oil (45 - 55 percent). Nutmeg butter is rich in myristic acid (also called Tetradecanoic acid ) which constitutes 60-75 percent of the fatty-acid content. Palmitic acid(also called Hexadecylic acid ) constitutes between 20 and 30 percent of most animal fats and is also an important constituent of most vegetable fats (35 - 45 percent of palm oil). Stearic acid ( also called Octadecanoic Acid)  is nature's most common long-chain fatty acids, derived from animal and vegetable fats. It is widely used as a lubricant and as an additive in industrial preparations. It is used in the manufacture of metallic stearates, pharmaceuticals, soaps, cosmetics, and food packaging. It is also used as a softener, accelerator activator and dispersing agent in rubbers. Oleic acid (systematic chemical name is cis-octadec-9-enoic acid) is the most abundant of the unsaturated fatty acids in nature.

LAURYL ALCOHOL is a raw material in the form of a transparent and slightly oily liquid with a chemical formula of CH3 (CH2) 10CH2OH and a molecular weight of 186.34 GR / MOL, a unique odor.
 
LAURYL ALCOHOL is used in different industrial areas, mainly cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. In cosmetics, it is generally used as an emulsifying auxiliary raw material and to prevent moisture loss in the skin.
 
LAURYL ALCOHOL is used as an emulsifier in the production of pesticides or as an auxiliary raw material to prevent phase separation of products in the agricultural sector.