LAURYL GLUCOSIDE

CAS No.110615-47-9
Appearance : Pale yellow hazy liquid
CAS No. : 110615-47-9
Odour : Characterstic odor
Active Content (%w/w)  :  51 + 1
Density @ 40c :   1.07 ~ 1.09
pH 20% in 15% isopropanol ) : 11.5 ~ 12.5
Cloud point  : >100
Viscosity (25C ) cps : <1000
Ash : <2%
Fatty Alcohol : <0.8%
SYNONYMS: Lauryl polyglucose D-Glucopyranose; Oligomeric; C10-16-Alkyl Glycosides D-Glucopyranose; Oligomeric; C10-C16-Alkylglycosides Alkyl D-Glucopyranoside (C10-16)Alkyl D-Glycopyranoside; 59122-55-3;Dodecyl glucoside;Dodecyl b-D-glucopyranoside;Dodecyl beta-D-glucopyranoside;oside;Dodecyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside;EINECS 261-614-4;C12 Alkyl polyglycoside;Dodecyl ss-D-glucopyranoside;SCHEMBL60522;Dodecyl-|A-D-glucopyranoside;n-dodecyl-b-D-glucopyranoside;n-Dodecyl ?-D-glucopyranoside;CHEMBL4068837;n-Dodecyl beta-D-glucopyranoside;1-dodecyl beta-D-glucopyranoside;DTXSID40891954;n-Dodecyl-I(2)-D-glucopyranoside;GC8874;KM0284;MFCD00063298;ZINC95713698;AKOS015919432;AK136200;AS-60935;D-Glucopyranoside,C10-16-alkyl,oligomeric;APG0814;Alkyl-D-Glucopyranose C10-C16;Alkyl polyglycoside C10-C16;D-Glucopyranose,oligomeric,C10-16-alkyl glycosides;Glucopyranose,oligometric,C10-16-alkyl glycosides;D-GLUCOPYRANOSE,OLIGOMERIC,C10-C16-ALKYLGLYCOSIDES; ALKYL D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDEAX8257768;W0538;dodecyl D-glucoside;Dodecyl ss-D-glucopyranoside;n-Dodecyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, >=98% (GC);261-614-4 [EINECS];59122-55-3 [RN]; Dodecyl b-D-glucopyranoside;Dodecyl glucoside;Dodecyl β-D-glucopyranoside [ACD/IUPAC Name];Dodecyl-β-D-glucopyranosid [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name];Lauryl glucoside [Wiki];MFCD00063298 [MDL number];n-Dodecyl β-D-glucopyranoside;β-D-Glucopyranoside de dodécyle [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name];β-D-Glucopyranoside, dodecyl [ACD/Index Name];(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(dodecyloxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol;(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-dodecoxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol;(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-octadecoxyoxane-3,4,5-triol;(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-octadecoxy-oxane-3,4,5-triol;(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-octadecoxytetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol;(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-octadecoxy-tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol;(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-methylol-6-stearyloxy-tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol;(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-dodecoxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol;(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-dodecoxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol;(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-lauryloxy-6-methylol-tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol;(4S,5S,2R,3R,6R)-2-dodecyloxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2H-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol;(Z)-3-amino-2-nitro-2-propenoic acid ethyl ester;?-?D-?Glucopyranoside, dodecyl[59122-55-3];27836-65-3 [RN];29980-16-3 [RN];dodecyl D-glucoside;Dodecyl glucopyranoside;Dodecyl α-D-glucopyranoside [ACD/IUPAC Name];Dodecyl-BATE-D-glucopyranoside;Dodecyl-b-D-glucopyranoside;Dodecylglucoside;Dodecyl-β-D-glucopyranoside;Dodecyl-β-D-maltoside;EINECS 248-686-2;EINECS 249-988-7;lauryl noglucoside;LMT;n-Dodecyl-??-D-glucopyranoside;n-dodecyl-β-D-glucopyranoside;octadecyl D-glucoside;QB-9410;UNII-76LN7P7UCU;UNII-K67N5Z1RUA;β-D-glucopyranoside, n-dodecyl    Lauryl polyglucose; D-Glucopyranose, Oligomeric, C10-16-Alkyl Glycosides; D-Glucopyranose,Oligomeric,C10-C16-Alkylglycosides; Alkyl D-Glucopyranoside; (C10-16)Alkyl D-Glycopyranoside; APG 1214; GreenAPG 1214; 618D220;Q2614811;UNII-76LN7P7UCU component PYIDGJJWBIBVIA-UYTYNIKBSA-N;UNII-ICS790225B component PYIDGJJWBIBVIA-UYTYNIKBSA-N;UNII-K67N5Z1RUA component PYIDGJJWBIBVIA-UYTYNIKBSA-N;(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(dodecyloxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol;85618-22-0; APG0814;Lauryl polyglucose; D-Glucopyranose, Oligomeric, C10-16-Alkyl Glycosides; D-Glucopyranose,Oligomeric,C10-C16-Alkylglycosides; Alkyl D-Glucopyranoside; (C10-16)Alkyl D-Glycopyranoside; APG 1214; GreenAPG 1214; LAURYL GLUCOSIDE;ALKYL D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE;Alkylpolyglycoside C10-16;Alkyl polyglycoside C10-C16;Alkyl Polyglucoside C08 - C16;Alkyl-D-Glucopyranose C10-C16;Alkyl Polyglucoside C10 - C16;(C10-16)alkyl D-glycopyranoside;D-Glucopyranoside, C10-16-alkyl, oligomeric
Lauryl glucoside is an non-ionic surfactant that can be used as a foaming agent, conditioner or emulsifier.
Lauryl glucoside has the best foaming capacity of the glucosides and good dermatological compatibility. Therefore it is suitable for use as a base surfactant or a co-surfactant in cosmetic surfactant cleansing preparations.
We recommend adding 5% Lauryl glucoside to your glucoside based surfactant formulation to boost foam.
Lauryl glucoside aids the viscosity build up of your final product.
Lauryl glucoside is a type of surfactant (cleansing agent) that works to reduce liquid-based products' viscosity, making it easier to apply and rinse it off.
It's a natural origin, a biodegradable and mild . It creates a moderate amount of foaming bubbles that we commonly see in various skincare and household products, but not as much as chemical-based soaps.
It's common to find not just lauryl glucoside in the list of ingredients of the cleansing products but also the other two glucoside derivative - decyl glucoside and coco glucoside. Those two are also good surfactant ingredients derived from corn and coconut, respectively.
The difference between these three is their stability and foaming properties, with lauryl glucoside has the slowest and the best foaming effect compared to the rest and certainly more stable, followed by coco glucoside and decyl glucoside. 
Lauryl glucoside is made by combining sugar (usually comes from corn) with fatty alcohol (which comes from fat, which could be animal, vegetable, or petrochemical).
As for now, most of the fatty alcohol is derived from palm, so if you are "palm conscious" and looking for sustainable products, you must be aware of this and look for the brands that using coconut oil instead.
It is found that lauryl glucoside that derives fatty alcohol from coconut oil makes a stable foam and perfect for skincare products compared to other combinations.
It's is safe to say that lauryl glucoside is a natural ingredient. Since at least half of it's composition is natural (the sugar one). But the other half, fatty alcohol - might be derived from petrochemicals. Therefore it can be named "100% naturally-derived" only if used fatty alcohol derived from coconut oil or any other vegetable oil.
So, the bottom line, if you after a 100% plant-based product, look for remark on the ingredients label what the lauryl glucoside was derived from. (If there are no remarks, probable petrochemical were used, since it's a cheaper option).
So being a surfactant, you can expect lauryl glucoside commonly found in products meant for cleansing.
It is widely used for skincare, makeup, and household products thanks to it’s foaming features and the ability to make the whole product spread out more easily as well as to rinse it out, taking away debris along with it.
Without it, you probably spend quite a time to spread out the product evenly onto the skin; think shampoo, for example
It is considered lauryl glucoside safe for the skin, and very low risk of irritation. Although, because of different chemistry used in the manufacturing process, products with lauryl glucoside may all work the same but vary in ‘mildness.’
This feature is the most notable when comparing it with similar surfactants like SLS, known for being harsh to the skin.
In fact, lauryl glucoside is listed on the Safe Cosmetics Database and the GoodGuide database as being safe for the skin sensitive and the rest of the skin types.
At the moment, there are no known risks or side effects of lauryl glucoside to the skin. However, it’s highly recommended that you do a patch test before using any lauryl glucoside products if you feel concerned.
It should be noted, though, that pregnant and/or nursing women, as well as the ones with sensitivity and/or allergy to the ingredient lauryl glucoside, is made of (namely palm kernel oil, coconut, or corn sugar) should not use it to avoid any unwanted reaction.
In any case, the ingredient should never be used near the nose, ears, and eyes or even swallowing it. Potential effects of such exposure include irritation to the said sensitive area and dizziness, drowsiness, and headaches.
Is Lauryl Glucoside The Same As Sodium Lauryl Sulfate? 
Lauryl glucoside is not the same as sodium lauryl sulfate. The names might look similar, but the key is the former does not have the word 'sulfate' in it.
This word meant its a derivative of sulfuric acid - sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), totally unnatural and potentially harmful for the skin, especially for prolonged usage, sensitive skin, and baby products.
Multiple studies have indicated that SLS can cause "severe epidermal changes" and the hair follicle that can trigger acne breakouts.
If SLS is used, studies recommend that you need to wash it off with lots of water as soon as it comes in contact with the skin - definitely impractical to cleanse, especially if you're handling babies' skin!
Meaning, while it can certainly wash off dirt, grease, and grime, it affects the skin's surface at the same time. Not to mention being a toxic pollutant that is harmful to the environment.
Sadly, despite such abrasive nature, SLS is commonly used in skincare and makeup products and heavy-duty cleaners such as car wash soaps, detergents, softeners, and various industry-level cleaning products.
As for lauryl glucoside, the word 'glucoside' means it relates to a type of sugar (from the word glucose). They are more gentle but clean just as effectively without being abrasive to the skin.
So it definitely a better choice for any cleaning product you might be using on your skin or in your household. So pay attention to the ingredients while you are shopping for those.
Lauryl glucoside creates an excellent and stable foam. Lauryl glucoside is useful in hair care products where it aids hair cleaning abilities without stripping the hair.
Lauryl glucoside can be used alongside other glucosides to enhance the foam and skin conditioning properties. Lauryl glucoside is very effective when used in ionic formulations to add foam depth and emulsifying properties.
Lauryl glucoside is very useful for Bath Foams, Shower Gel and Shampoo where you wish to increase the foaming ability of the product without a decrease in the natural formulation.
Lauryl glucoside is biodegradable.
We use lauryl glucoside as a surfactant and cleanser. The Cosmetics Ingredient Review has deemed the ingredient safe for use in cosmetic products, and Whole Foods has deemed the ingredient acceptable in its body care quality standards.[7,8] Also, research shows the ingredient is typically not a skin irritant.[9,10]
Commercial production of lauryl glucoside and other alkyl polyglucosides generally starts by mixing palm, corn, or coconut alcohol with some kind of sugar, glucose, or glucose polymer under acidic conditions.[4,5] Alkyl glucoside production first began in 1893 by reacting glucose with anhydrous ethanol to produce ethyl glucoside.[6]
Lauryl Glucoside (C12-14 Fatty Alcohol Glycoside, SpecSufc™ APG1214) is part of a range of nonionic environmentally friendly surfactants. The feedstock of APG is based on fatty alcohol and glucose, which are obtained from renewable native resources. Thus, APGs are completely biodegradable. Because of their non-toxicity, non-irritation and many excellent surface active performances, APGs are widely used in the fields of detergents, cosmetics, foods and medicines.
It has low surface tension and strong detergency with mildness, rich foaming ability and good performance of stabilization. This grade appears as a light yellow, turbid and ropy water solution. It provides excellent coordinated action with other surfactants, as well as excellent compatibility with skin.
lauryl glucoside can be used as a primary or a co-surfactant. It has unique performance in cleaning, emulsifying and thickening effects and exhibits excellent detergency, wetting and dispersing performance. Furthermore, it shows good compatibility with all other types of surfactants. Synergistic and thickening effects can be found, especially when combined with with CAPB, SLS, SLES, etc. Lauryl glucoside is also a mild alternative to sulfate-based surfactants, e.g. in formulations for sensitive skin.
When used on its own, lauryl glucoside is not a good foaming agent. As a co-surfactant however, it can improve the foaming effect of a formulation.
lauryl glucoside can be widely used in personal care products such as shampoos, hand sanitizers, facial cleansers, shower gels. It also can be used in transparent formulations such as clear soaps and in mild products, e.g. for baby care.
As there is no need to rinse lauryl glucoside, it is especially suitable for non-rinse formulations such as hair care and hair gel products.
Example of use: Laundry Detergents, Liquid Hand Dish Detergents, I&I Cleaners: Lauryl glucoside is well suited for laundry applications, where micellar solubilization, emulsification and detergency are required. These alkyl polyglucoside surfactants function as conventional non-ionic surfactants, but are easy to formulate because they do not exhibit a gel phase upon dilution. Lauryl glucoside is soluble and stable in liquid formulations containing high levels of builders and electrolytes. Also, these alkyl polyglucoside surfactants are compatible, and in some cases synergistic, with enzymes, optical brighteners, and other surfactants, including cationics.
Liquid Hand Dish Detergents: In products such as liquid hand dish  detergent, where high foaming and good detergency are required, NATURALAPG 1214 provides excellent performance coupled  with outstanding mildness to skin.
Lauryl glucoside can be stored in sealed original containers protected from frost and below 43°C for at least 1 years.
Maximum Storage Temperature - When heating, avoid prolonged localized temperatures exceeding 43℃ to avoid possible product discoloration. Use tempered water when possible. Low pressure steam is acceptable if the product is monitored regularly. For easier handling the product can be warmed up to max. 50℃ for a short duration without influence onto the product specification.
If the product is stored at temperatures below 38℃ crystallization may occur. Depending on the storage time sedimentation may occur. Therefore, the product should be heated and stirred until uniform before use. Lauryl glucoside has a high pH-value and for this reason the product contains no preservatives.
Bulk storage material – IBC, 200L normal drum or open head drum.
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lauryl glucoside is a nonionic surfactant, made from natural raw materials. AC1200 is very mild and readily biodegradable. The product is generally used in shampoo, bubble bath, cleaninglotion, dished detergent, because of its excellent mildness, foaming performance and abilityto reduce irritation.
lauryl glucoside is a nonionic surfactant that provides superior detergency, emulsifying, penetrating and surface tension reduction properties. It shows good compatibility with all other types of surfactants. Synergistic and thickening effects can be found, especially when mixed with CAPB, SLS, SLES, etc. AC1200 is very effective in hard surface cleaning and processing.Like all APG products, AC1200 is mild and readily biodegradable.There may be sedimentation depending on storage time. In this case, the product should be heated and stirred until uniform before use.
Useful and widely used Surfactant. Plantaren 1200 UP, Lauryl Glucoside is a highly active Nonionic surfactant and containes NO SOLVENTS OR HYDROTROPES., BIODEGRADEABLE
Lauryl Glucoside is highly recommended as a primary or a co-surfactant in shampoos, shower gels and bubble bath formulations where mildness is desired.
Extra Benefits - When Lauryl Glucoside is used in conjunction with difficult-to-thicken surfactants, such as sulfosuccinates, it enhances viscosity build-up and increases foam volume in low-foaming formulations. Lauryl Glucoside enhances the depositions of cationic polymers from shampoo formulations, which can improve the conditional effect. It is compatible with all other classes of surfactant including cationic ingredients.
Often used with Cationic Polymers to build viscosity and offer high level of conditioning.
Slightly Hazy to hazy appearance due to magnesium content, Typically when pH is lowered haziness disappears.
Aqueous solution of a C 12-C16 fatty alcohol surfactant for all types of formulations.
Also used in some hard surface cleaners and other applications since it works well in hard water and easily biodegrades.
Excellent liquid base for applications like:Shampoos, Bath washes, Shower gels, Bubble baths More!
Decyl Glucoside is a, natural, non-ionic surfactant, ideal for all foaming and cleansing products. Like Coco Glucoside, Decyl Glucoside is , obtained from renewable raw materials, through a combination of plant based fatty alcohols (coconut c8-16) and glucose (sugar / starch). Decyl Glucoside is a mild, and gentle, surfactant and because it does not dry the skin it is ideal for the formulation of personal hygiene and toiletry products. Decyl Glucoside is comparable to the other Alky Polyglucoside Surfactants (Caprylyl/Capryl Glucoside (c8-10), Coco Glucoside (c8-16), and Lauryl Glucoside (c12-16)) all being the combination of the glucoside and select fatty alcohols.
Decyl Glucoside generates an exceptional foam for a nonionic surfactant, whatever the conditions. It produces a very satisfactory level of foam, comparable with that obtained using conventional anionic surfactants. Moreover, the foam obtained is particularly stable, which is an advantage for the formulation of bubble baths and shower gels. The foam generated is fine and stable.
In contrast, its touch is not comparable with that of a foam obtained using anionic surfactants. For this reason it is advisable to combine Decyl Glucoside with our Cocamidopropyl Betaine or Foaming Soy in order to improve the smoothness of the foam. Furthermore, because of its wide range of compatibility, Decyl Glucoside can be combined with all types of surfactants without reducing foam volume or stability.
Decyl Glucoside, used as a co-surfactant, can reduce the total active requirements of other foaming ingredients, without altering their performance; cleansing effectiveness, foam volume, and ease of thickening, are all maintained while improving on the mild, and gentle, nature of the final formulation.
Decyl Glucoside does not contain any impurities. Its chemical nature and the production process results in a surfactant without ethylene oxide or 1,4-dioxane and is suitable for baby, and pet, products.

The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel assessed the safety of 19 alkyl glucosides as used in cosmetics and concluded that these ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration when formulated to be nonirritating. Most of these ingredients function as surfactants in cosmetics, but some have additional functions as skin-conditioning agents, hair-conditioning agents, or emulsion stabilizers. The Panel reviewed the available animal and clinical data on these ingredients. Since glucoside hydrolases in human skin are likely to break down these ingredients to release their respective fatty acids and glucose, the Panel also reviewed CIR reports on the safety of fatty alcohols and were able to extrapolate data from those previous reports to support safety.
This assessment reviews data relevant to the safety of decyl glucoside and 18 other alkyl glucosides as used in cosmetic formulations. Most of these ingredients function in cosmetics as surfactants. Other reported functions of some of these ingredients are skin-conditioning agent, hair-conditioning agent, or emulsion stabilizer. Hexadecyl d-glucoside and octadecyl d-glucoside are not listed in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook but are being included because they are listed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Voluntary Cosmetic Registration Program (VCRP) as being used in cosmetic formulations.
The ingredients included in this review are obtained by the condensation of an alcohol with a cyclic form of glucose (d-glucopyranose). The group includes:Decyl glucoside, Arachidyl glucoside,Butyl glucoside,C10-16 Alkyl glucoside,C12-18 Alkyl glucoside,C12-20 Alkyl glucoside,C20-22 Alkyl glucoside,Caprylyl/capryl glucoside,Caprylyl glucoside,Cetearyl glucoside,Coco-glucoside,Ethyl glucoside,Hexadecyl d-glucoside,Isostearyl glucoside,Lauryl glucoside,Myristyl glucoside,Octadecyl d-glucoside,Octyldodecyl glucoside,Undecyl glucoside
Although the names of these ingredients imply that they are monoglucosides, these ingredients are not limited to monoglucosides but may involve products that are the result of a number of condensed glucose repeat units.
Glucoside hydrolases in human skin are likely to break down these chemicals to release their respective fatty alcohols and glucose. Therefore, summary information on the appropriate fatty alcohols that have been previously reviewed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) is presentedin 
Decyl glucoside may be monomeric or polymeric, but the International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient name will still be decyl glucoside. “Poly” will be generically used throughout the rest of this report to refer to di-, tri-, oligo-, polyglucosides and mixtures thereof. Decyl glucoside, for example, may consist of one or more of the polyglucosides
A decyl glucoside with a degree of polymerization of 1.6, for example, would then be a mixture comprising decyl glucopyranoside and one of the decyl maltopyranosides (with a slightly higher percentage of the maltose derivative). Because many of these fatty alcohols are supplied from natural feed stocks, the designated length may be the average (eg, median) length (eg, decyl glucoside may actually be a mixture of C6, C8, C10, C12, C14, and C16 chain lengths, each anomerically attached to a glucopyranose).
The first report of the synthesis of alkyl glucosides in 1893 involved reacting glucose with anhydrous ethanol under acidic conditions to produce ethyl glucoside.2 Alcoholysis of glucose and polysaccharides under acidic conditions is still the method of choice. It is considered to be a “green” process that can involve the use of natural and renewable sources (eg, the alcohols can be obtained from coconut oil or palm oil and the glucose or polysaccharide can be obtained from corn, potato, or wheat starch).3 Of note, the reaction conditions that produce an ether linkage between a fatty alcohol and the anomeric hydroxyl group of glucose are known to cause condensation of one molecule of glucose with another molecule of glucose, thereby producing alkyl polyglucosides (APGs) even when an alkyl monoglucoside may be the intended product.
The alkyl glucosides named in this safety assessment are reported to function primarily as surfactants.4 A few are reported to function as skin-conditioning agents, hair-conditioning agents, or emulsion stabilizers.
The VCRP data obtained in 2011 for this ingredient group indicate that decyl glucoside has the highest frequency of uses reported, 492; the majority of these uses, 421, are in rinse-off formulations.5 Cetearyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside, and coco-glucoside have 477, 399, and 350 reported uses, respectively. Cetearyl glucoside is reported mostly to be used in leave-on products. The remaining ingredients that are reported to be used have ≤75 uses. Based on the data from a survey conducted by the Personal Care Products Council (Council), lauryl glucoside has the highest leave-on concentration of use at 8%; this leave-on use is in a hair color spray; it is also reported to have the highest leave-on concentration of use that involves dermal contact, and that concentration is 5%. Decyl glucoside has the highest rinse-off concentration of use at 33%.6 Two ingredients, hexadecyl d-glucoside and octadecyl d-glucoside, are not listed in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, but are listed by the FDA VCRP as being used in cosmetic formulations; hexadecyl d-glucoside also had use concentration data reported by industry.
Frequency and concentration of use data are provided in Table 4. In some cases, reports of uses were received in the VCRP, but no concentration of use is available. For example, decyl glucoside is reported to be used in 25 baby products, but no use concentration was available. In other cases, no reported uses were received in the VCRP, but a use concentration was provided in the industry survey. For example, caprylyl glucoside was not reported in the VCRP to be used in noncoloring hair products, but the industry survey indicated that it was used in such products at 4%. It should be presumed that caprylyl glucoside is used in at least 1 hair care product.
Six ingredients were not reported to be used in the VCRP database nor were use concentration data provided,5,6 including butyl glucoside, C10-16 alkyl glucoside, C12-18 alkyl glucoside, C20-22 alkyl glucoside, isostearyl glucoside, octyldodecyl glucoside, and undecyl glucoside. These ingredients would appear to be not in current use in cosmetics.
Products containing alkyl glucosides are reported to be used on baby skin or applied to the eye area, and mucous membranes may be exposed to these products. Coco-glucoside is reported to be used in a product that could be ingested. Some of the alkyl glucosides are used in cosmetic sprays, including hair and body and hand sprays, and could possibly be inhaled. In practice, 95% to 99% of the droplets/particles released from cosmetic sprays have aerodynamic equivalent diameters >10 µm, with propellant sprays yielding a greater fraction of droplets/particles <10 µm compared to pump sprays.7,8 Therefore, most droplets/particles incidentally inhaled from cosmetic sprays would be deposited in the nasopharyngeal and thoracic regions of the respiratory tract and would not be respirable (ie, able to enter the lungs) to any appreciable amount.9,10 However, the potential for inhalation toxicity is not limited to respirable droplets/particles deposited in the lungs. Inhaled droplets/particles deposited in the nasopharyngeal and thoracic regions may cause toxic effects depending on their chemical and other properties. There is some evidence indicating that deodorant spray products can release substantially larger fractions of particulates having aerodynamic equivalent diameters in the range considered to be respirable.10 However, the information is not sufficient to determine whether significantly greater lung exposures result from the use of deodorant sprays, compared to other cosmetic sprays.
All of the glucosides named in the report, with the exception of C20-22 alkyl glucoside, hexadecyl d-glucoside, and octadecyl d-glucoside, are listed in the European Union inventory of cosmetic ingredients.11
Caprylyl glucoside and similar alkyl glucosides are effective solubilizers of lipids and proteins below their critical micelle concentrations and are used in various biochemical techniques and membrane research. These ingredients can also be used to reconstitute enzymes or other proteins from crude biological preparations.12
The use of decyl glucoside as a stabilizer in nanosuspensions for dermal delivery has been investigated; decyl glucoside was effective as a stabilizer with resveratrol13 and hesperetin ((S)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one)14 nanosuspensions.