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DESCRIPTION
LAURYL GLUCOSIDE is a surfactant used in cosmetics and laundry detergents.
LAURYL GLUCOSIDE is a glycoside produced from glucose and lauryl alcohol.
CAS NUMBER
110615-47-9
SYNONYMS
Dodecyl D-glucoside,lauryl glucoside,27836-64-2,dodecyl d-glucopyranoside,EINECS 248-685-7,UNII-VB00RDE21R,VB00RDE21R,D-Glucopyranoside, dodecyl,EC 600-975-8,(3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-dodecoxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol,UNII-76LN7P7UCU,GLUCOSIDE, DODECYL, D-,dodecyl--d-glucopyranoside,SCHEMBL57535,CLAON ALL 4 CLEANSER,DTXSID30893048,PYIDGJJWBIBVIA-IHAUNJBESA-N,beta-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE, DODECYL,DB14746,W-110711
Lauryl glucoside (C12H26O6) is a mild, biodegradable non-ionic surfactant derived from renewable natural resources, primarily used in the formulation of cosmetic and personal care products.
This article provides an extensive analysis of lauryl glucoside, examining its chemical structure, synthesis, properties, functions, and applications in various industries.
We will also discuss the environmental benefits, sustainability, and safety profile of this surfactant, concluding with an outlook on future innovations in the utilization of lauryl glucoside.
INTRODUCTİON
Lauryl glucoside is a non-ionic surfactant that has gained significant popularity due to its mildness, environmental compatibility, and versatile applications.
Lauryl glucoside is primarily composed of a fatty alcohol (lauryl alcohol) and glucose, which together form a glucoside.
Unlike many synthetic surfactants, lauryl glucoside is derived from natural, renewable sources such as coconut oil or palm kernel oil, making it a sustainable alternative for formulations in both the cosmetic and detergent industries.
As consumer demand grows for products that are safer for human health and the environment, lauryl glucoside has emerged as a key ingredient in personal care products, household cleaners, and even industrial applications.
This article aims to explore lauryl glucoside in depth, covering its chemical properties, synthesis methods, function in formulations, benefits, and environmental impact.
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND SYNTHESİS OF LAURYL GLUCOSİDE
Lauryl glucoside consists of a hydrophobic alkyl group (lauryl group, C12H25) linked to a hydrophilic glucose molecule.
The lauryl group, derived from lauryl alcohol (a saturated fatty alcohol), is a 12-carbon chain.
The glucoside bond links the alcohol to the sugar (glucose), resulting in a surfactant molecule with amphiphilic characteristics.
CHEMICAL FORMULA
The molecular formula of lauryl glucoside is C12H26O6, and its structure features a glucoside group (C6H10O5) attached to a fatty alcohol residue (C12H25).
The linkage between the glucose and fatty alcohol is an O-glycosidic bond, which makes lauryl glucoside a non-ionic surfactant, meaning it does not carry any electrical charge.
This non-ionic nature contributes to its mildness and suitability for sensitive skin formulations.
SYNTHESIS PROCESS
The synthesis of lauryl glucoside involves a two-step process:
Glycosylation Reaction: The primary step is the glycosylation of lauryl alcohol with glucose.
This reaction is typically catalyzed by acid or enzyme catalysts.
The reaction may proceed via a dehydration mechanism where a water molecule is eliminated to form the glucoside bond.
Purification and Optimization: Following the glycosylation, the product undergoes purification to remove any unreacted raw materials or by-products.
This process ensures a high-purity product suitable for industrial and consumer applications.
The reaction conditions are mild, and the use of biocatalysts (enzymes) has been studied to improve the sustainability and efficiency of the process.
PROPERTİES OF LAURYL GLUCOSİDE
PHYSİCAL PROPERTİES
Lauryl glucoside is typically a clear to slightly turbid liquid or paste, depending on the formulation, and it is soluble in water and alcohol.
Lauryl glucoside has a mild, slightly sweet odor and is considered a very stable compound under standard conditions.
The physical properties of lauryl glucoside, such as its hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), make it effective in a wide range of applications, especially in formulations where mildness and skin compatibility are critical.
SURFACTANT PROPERTİES
Lauryl glucoside exhibits excellent surface-active properties.
These include the ability to lower the surface tension between water and oil, making it an effective emulsifier and foaming agent.
This is a key reason for its use in personal care products like shampoos, body washes, and facial cleansers.
Its non-ionic nature contributes to a low irritation potential on the skin, which is a significant advantage over anionic surfactants, such as sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), which can strip the skin of its natural oils.
BİODEGRADABİLİTY AND ENVİRONMENTAL IMPACT
One of the most important characteristics of lauryl glucoside is its biodegradability.
As a product derived from renewable resources (coconut and palm kernel oils), it is more environmentally friendly than many synthetic surfactants.
Lauryl glucoside breaks down quickly in natural environments, reducing its potential to cause long-term environmental harm.
Additionally, lauryl glucoside has a low aquatic toxicity, further highlighting its suitability for use in products that may come into contact with water bodies.
APPLICATIONS OF LAURYL GLUCOSİDE
PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS
Lauryl glucoside is primarily used in cosmetic and personal care products due to its mildness and ability to create stable emulsions and foams.
Its main applications include:
Shampoos and Conditioners: Lauryl glucoside acts as a mild cleansing agent, effectively removing dirt and oil without damaging the hair or scalp.
Unlike harsher surfactants, Lauryl glucoside maintains the natural moisture balance.
Facial and Body Cleansers: Given its gentle nature, lauryl glucoside is frequently included in facial cleansers and body washes designed for sensitive skin.
It helps to hydrate the skin while cleansing it of impurities.
Toothpastes: Due to its non-irritating nature, it is used in some toothpastes to assist with foaming.
HOUSEHOLD AND INDUSTRİAL APPLİCATİONS
In addition to personal care, lauryl glucoside finds its place in various household and industrial cleaning products, such as:
Dishwashing Liquids: Its ability to emulsify oils and grease makes it an effective ingredient in dishwashing detergents.
Laundry Detergents: Lauryl glucoside can serve as a mild detergent in laundry formulations.
Surface Cleaners: Lauryl glucoside is also used in all-purpose surface cleaners, where its ability to break down dirt and grime without harsh chemicals is valued.
PHARMACEUTİCAL APPLİCATİONS
The mildness of lauryl glucoside has led to its inclusion in pharmaceutical formulations.
Lauryl glucoside is used as a carrier in topical formulations and in some drug delivery systems due to its ability to enhance the solubility of hydrophobic drugs.
REGULATORY STATUS
Lauryl glucoside is approved for use in cosmetics and personal care products by regulatory bodies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and others.
Lauryl glucoside is included in the list of acceptable ingredients under the Cosmetics Directive of the European Union.
ENVİRONMENTAL SUSTAİNABİLİTY AND ETHİCAL SOURCİNG
Lauryl glucoside's primary raw materials, coconut oil and palm kernel oil, are renewable resources.
However, the environmental impact of palm oil cultivation has been the subject of significant concern due to deforestation, habitat destruction, and biodiversity loss.
The growing emphasis on sustainable sourcing practices has led to initiatives such as the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), which certifies palm oil produced under environmentally responsible and socially ethical practices.
Manufacturers of lauryl glucoside are increasingly sourcing palm oil from RSPO-certified suppliers to mitigate these concerns and reduce the ecological footprint of the ingredient.
FUTURE DİRECTİONS
The demand for natural and sustainable ingredients is driving innovation in the production of lauryl glucoside.
Future research may focus on:
Optimizing Synthesis: Advances in biocatalysis and green chemistry may lead to more efficient, environmentally friendly production methods, lowering costs and increasing scalability.
Formulation Innovations: The development of new formulations that integrate lauryl glucoside with other natural surfactants may open up further opportunities for its use in specialized products such as biodegradable cleaning solutions, eco-friendly detergents, and plant-based personal care lines.
Extended Applications: Beyond cosmetics and cleaning products, lauryl glucoside could find applications in other sectors, including food processing, where mild surfactants are required.
Lauryl glucoside represents a successful example of a natural, sustainable surfactant that meets the needs of modern consumers.
Its mildness, versatility, biodegradability, and environmental compatibility make it an ideal choice for applications in personal care, household products, and beyond.
As global markets continue to prioritize sustainability and consumer safety, lauryl glucoside will likely play an increasingly important role in a wide array of industries.
Through continued research and innovation, the full potential of this versatile surfactant may be unlocked, further promoting its widespread adoption.
SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT LAURYL GLUCOSIDE
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:
If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.
If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas
Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.
Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials
Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.
Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.
If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.
Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product
