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CAS NUMBER: 7789-24-4
EC NUMEBR: 232-152-0
MOLECULAR FORMULA: FLi
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 25.94
Lithium fluoride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula LiF.
Lithium fluoride is a colorless solid, that transitions to white with decreasing crystal size.
Although odorless, lithium fluoride has a bitter-saline taste.
Lithium fluorides structure is analogous to that of sodium chloride, but it is much less soluble in water.
Lithium fluoride is mainly used as a component of molten salts.
Formation of Lithium fluoride from the elements releases one of the highest energy per mass of reactants, second only to that of BeO.
Lithium fluoride is prepared from lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate with hydrogen fluoride.
Lithium Fluoride (LiF) has the lowest refractive index of all common infrared materials.
Lithium fluoride also possesses the highest UV transmission of any material, being able to transmit significantly into the VUV region at the hydrogen Lyman-alpha line (121nm).
Lithium fluoride is slightly soluble in water, while being soluble in HDF and other acids.
However, Lithium fluoride can be cleaned with alcohol.
Lithium fluoride is widely available in the forms LiF : Mg,Ti and LiF : Mg,Cu,P.
The latter phosphor has superior characteristics compared to its long serving counterpart, which has been the most widely used TL personnel dosimeter for the past 30 years.
Lithium fluoride (LiF) is used chiefly as a fluxing agent in enamels and glasses.
Lithium Fluoride is a water insoluble Lithium source for use in oxygen-sensitive applications, such as metal production.
Lithium fluorides have diverse applications in current technologies and science, from oil refining and etching to synthetic organic chemistry and the manufacture of pharmaceuticals.
Lithium fluorides are also commonly used to alloy metals and for optical deposition.
Lithium Fluoride is generally immediately available in most volumes.
High purity, submicron and nanopowder forms may be considered.
Lithium fluoride is the material with the most extreme UV transmission of all and is used for special UV optics.
Lithium fluoride transmits well into the VUV region at the hydrogen Lyman-alpha line (121nm) and beyond. Lithium fluoride is also used for X-ray monochromator plates where its lattice spacing makes it the most useful analysis crystal.
Lithium Fluoride is an electrolyte salt used in various industrial applications and contains a minimum 98.5% wt% of active ingredient.
Lithium fluoride is most widely used as a flux in the production of ceramics, such as enamels, glasses and glazes.
Similarly Lithium fluoride is also used in brazing and welding fluxes and molten salt chemistry in metallurgy.
Lithium Fluoride is used for windows, lenses and prisms in the Vacuum UV, UV, visible and infrared where transmission in the range 0.104µm to 7µm is desired.
Transmission is about 40% at 121nm, this is one of the most popular material for deep UV spectrum.
Modest precautions should be taken against moisture and high energy radiation damage.
Lithium fluoride is sensitive to thermal shock. Irradiation produces color centers.
The material can be cleaved along (100) and less commonly (110).
Although the optical characteristics are good the structure is not perfect and cleavage is difficult.
VUV grade Lithium fluoride windows are available. This is the best VUV transmitter available.
Lithium fluoride is an inorganic compound with a formula of LiF.
Lithium fluoride has a density of 2.64 g/cc, a melting point of 845°C, and a vapor pressure of 10-4 Torr at 1,180°C.
Lithium fluoride is crystalline in appearance and white in color.
One of its main uses is as a component of molten salts and it is evaporated under vacuum to form anti-reflective layers for optical coatings.
Lithium fluoride (LiF) single crystal as well as doped with proper activators is a highly sensitive phosphor used in several applications such as integrated optics, color center laser, and radiation dosimetry.
Lithium fluoride has the highest UV transmission of all materials and is used for X-ray monochromator plates where its lattice spacing makes it the most suitable analysis crystal.
Lithium fluoride has low effective atomic number (8.14), which is sufficiently close to that of the biological tissue (7.4).
Lithium fluoride is sensitive to ionization radiation, especially when doped with proper activators.
Lithium fluoride doped with Mg, Cu, and P is found to be the most sensitive material for ionizing radiations using thermoluminescence (TL) technique.
Lithium Fluoride (LiF) is a colourless crystalline material grown by vacuum Stockbarger technique.
Lithium fluoride has a wide transmission spectrum from the VUV to IR, but it is most commonly used for specialised UV optics due to its deep UV transmission.
Lithium Fluoride, LiF, is typically a white inorganic compound, although it may appear colorless until ground into finer particles.
Lithium fluoride is soluble in acid and slightly soluble in water, while insoluble in ethanol and acetone.
Due to lithium generally being a harder material to come by, lithium fluoride is also less readily accessible.
Naturally occurring lithium fluoride exists as the rare mineral gricite.
Lithium fluoride finds the most use in ceramic, chemical (especially molten salt), and optical applications.
Lithium fluoride is an essential component of fluorine electrolyte cell.
In its high-temperature molten state, Lithium fluoride functions in batteries as an electrolyte component.
Lithium Fluoride (LiF) has the lowest refractive index of all common infrared materials.
Lithium fluoride possesses the highest UV transmission of any material, being able to transmit significantly into the VUV region at the hydrogen Lyman-alpha line (121nm).
Lithium fluoride can be applied in rechargeable Li batteries, in radiation dosimeter for personnel monitoring as well as radiation research, as an optical material, as a heat sink material, to produce ceramics, and to dissolve fluid fuel for molten salt reactors.
lithium fluoride is a strong irritant to the eyes and skin; potassium bromide is toxic by ingestion and inhalation; sodium chloride is table salt, a medical concern when ingested in excess, but certainly of no significant hazard to emergency responders.
USES:
Lithium fluoride is most widely used as a flux in the production of ceramics, such as enamels, glasses and glazes.
Similarly Lithium fluoride is also used in brazing and welding fluxes and molten salt chemistry in metallurgy.
Lithium fluoride is widely used in many fields.
Lithium fluoride is used in the soldering progress for glass lining as a cosolvent.
Lithium fluoride finds application as an additive of aluminum electrolysis and rare earth electrolysis as a crystal in X-ray spectrometry.
Lithium fluoride is also used in specialized UV optics due to its large band gap and transparency to short wave length ultraviolet radiation.
Lithium fluoride is involved to record ionizing radiation exposure from gamma rays, beta particles and neutrons in thermoluminescent dosimeters.
In nuclear reactors, lithium fluoride is mixed with beryllium fluoride to form a base solvent, which is used in molten-salt reactor experiment.
Lithium fluoride is also used for:
-X-Ray monochromator plates as an analysis crystal
-Heat sink materials
-UV transmission windows
-Used in the preparation of hypersensitive thermoluminescent materials, dosimeters, and in the room-temperature oxidation of noble metals using fluorine in anhydrous HF.
-Ceramics:
In the ceramic industry, lithium fluoride is sometimes used for manufacturing enamels and glazes, reducing kiln mild improvement in thermal shock resistance, abrasion resistance and acid resistance.
-Glass:
Lithium fluoride has a large bandgap which causes it to have an extreme UV transmission.
This results in lithium fluoride having the most transparent crystals to short wavelength UV radiation, and makes this material especially useful to special UV optics.
Lithium fluoride is capable of transmitting beyond the VUV range and is also used in X-ray spectrometry.
-Metallurgy:
In metallurgy processes, lithium fluoride is sometimes used as welding/soldering flux, and is a particularly popular choice for aluminum and magnesium metals.
Lithium fluoride is also used in the aluminum industry to improve the electrical efficiency of the additive, as a neutron shielding material in the atomic energy industry, and in molten salt reactors as a solvent.
USAGE AREAS:
-Building & Construction
-Maintenance
-Repair
-Overhaul
-Metal Processing & Fabrication
APPLICATIONS:
-Precursor to LiPF6 for batteries:
Lithium fluoride is reacted with hydrogen fluoride-HF and phosphorus pentachloride to make lithium hexafluorophosphate, an ingredient in lithium ion battery electrolyte.
-In molten salts:
Lithium fluoride is produced by the electrolysis of molten potassium bifluoride.
This electrolysis proceeds more efficiently when the electrolyte contains a few percent of LiF, possibly because it facilitates formation of an Li-C-F interface on the carbon electrodes.
A useful molten salt, consists of a mixture of LiF, together with sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride.
The primary coolant for the Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment was FLiBe; LiF-BeF2 (66-33 mol%).
-Optics:
Because of the large band gap for Lithium fluoride, its crystals are transparent to short wavelength ultraviolet radiation, more so than any other material.
Lithium fluoride is therefore used in specialized optics for the vacuum ultraviolet spectrum.
Lithium fluoride is used also as a diffracting crystal in X-ray spectrometry.
-Radiation detectors:
Lithium fluoride is also used as a means to record ionizing radiation exposure from gamma rays, beta particles, and neutrons (indirectly, using the 63Li (n,alpha) nuclear reaction) in thermoluminescent dosimeters.
Lithium fluoride nanopowder enriched to 96% has been used as the neutron reactive backfill material for microstructured semiconductor neutron detectors.
-Nuclear reactors:
Lithium fluoride (highly enriched in the common isotope lithium-7) forms the basic constituent of the preferred fluoride salt mixture used in liquid-fluoride nuclear reactors.
Typically lithium fluoride is mixed with beryllium fluoride to form a base solvent (FLiBe), into which fluorides of uranium and thorium are introduced.
Lithium fluoride is exceptionally chemically stable and LiF/BeF2 mixtures (FLiBe) have low melting points (360 to 459 °C or 680 to 858 °F) and the best neutronic properties of fluoride salt combinations appropriate for reactor use.
Lithium fluoride is used two different mixtures in the two cooling circuits.
-Cathode for PLED and OLEDs:
Lithium fluoride is widely used in PLED and OLED as a coupling layer to enhance electron injection.
The thickness of the LiF layer is usually around 1 nm.
The dielectric constant (or relative permittivity) of Lithium fluoride is 9.0.
-Natural occurrence:
Naturally occurring lithium fluoride is known as the extremely rare mineral griceite.
-Powerful flux in enamels
-glasses and glazers
-ingredient in brazing and welding fluxes
-molten salt chemistry and metallurgy
-heat sink material
-Fluxes for welding and soldering techniques
-salt bath for heat-treatment by low temperature and for dip brazing
-fluxing agent for the glass, ceramics and enamel industries
-additive in aluminum-electrolysis melts
-raw material for optical lenses and prisms
PROPERTIES:
-Min. Purity Spec: >99%
-Physical Form (at 20°C): White powder
-Melting Point: 845°C
-Boiling Point: 1681°C
-Density: 2.63
-Refractive Index: 1.3915
-Long-Term Storage: Store long-term in a cool, dry place
-Co-Efficient of Thermal Expansion (x10-6 /°C): 37
-Dielectric Constant: 9.1
-Young’s Modulus (GPa): 64.8
-Refractive Index at 1.0µm: 1.38711
PROPERTIES:
-Quality Level: 100
-grade: anhydrous
-assay: ≥99.99% trace metals basis
-form: powder and chunks
-impurities: ≤ 100.0 ppm Trace Metal Analysis
-bp: 1673 °C/1 atm (lit.)
-mp: 845 °C (lit.)
-solubility: aqueous acid: slightly soluble(lit.)
-density: 2.64 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
-SMILES string: [Li+].[F-]
FEATURES:
-higher sensitivity (>10×).
-less photon energy-dependent response (more tissue equivalent).
-less fade.
-linear dose response.
-High Transmission from 150nm - 6μm
-Excellent Vacuum UV (VUV) Transmission
-Low Index of Refraction
SPECIFICATIONS:
-Compound Formula: FLi
-Molecular Weight: 25.94
-Appearance: White powder or transparent crystals
-Melting Point: 870 °C (1600 °F)
-Boiling Point: 1676 °C
-Density: 2.6 g/cm3
-Solubility in H2O: 0.27 at 293K
-Refractive Index: 1.4
-Crystal Phase / Structure: Cubic
-Poisson's Ratio: 0.27
-Specific Heat: 1560 J/kg-K
-Thermal Conductivity: 12 W/m-K
-Thermal Expansion: 32 µm/m-K
-Young's Modulus: 120 GPa
-Exact Mass: 26.0144
-Monoisotopic Mass: 26.0144
CHEMICAL IDENTIFIERS:
-Linear Formula: LiF
-MDL Number: MFCD00011090
-EC No.: 232-152-0
-Beilstein/Reaxys No.: N/A
-Pubchem CID: 224478
-IUPAC Name: lithium fluoride
-SMILES: [Li+].[F-]
-InchI Key: PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M
TECHNICAL INFORMATIONS:
-Appearance: Chunks
-Physical State: Solid
-Solubility: Soluble in water (1.3 mg/ml at 20° C), and hydrogen fluoride. Insoluble in alcohol.
-Storage: Store at room temperature
-Melting Point: 845° C (lit.)
-Boiling Point: 1681.1° C
-Refractive Index: n20D 1.39
SPECIFICATIONS:
-Linear Formula: LiF
-UN Number: UN3288
-Merck Index: 14,5531
-Solubility Information: Soluble in 0.29g/100 mL (20°C) and hydrogen fluoride. Insoluble in alcohol.
-Formula Weight: 25.94
-Physical Form: Lump/Powder
-Percent Purity: 99.85%
-Density: 2.635 g/mL
-Odor: Odorless
-Refractive Index: 1.3915
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
Lithium fluoride is a white crystalline.
Lithium fluoride is not hygroscopic as are the other lithium halides and is not affected by exposure to the air.
Lithium fluoride is the least soluble of the alkali metal fluorides.
This characteristic likens Lithium fluoride to the alkaline earth fluorides.
Lithium fluoride is different from the other lithium halides in that it does not form hydrates which can be isolated from solution.
Lithium fluoride does show an increase in solubility as hydrofluoric acid is added to an aqueous solution.
Under these conditions the Lithium fluoride ion is converted to the bifluoride ion, HF-2, allowing further dissolving of the solid lithium fluoride.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
White cubic crystals; refractive index 1.3915; density 2.635 g/cm3; melts at 845°C; vaporizes at 1,676°C; very slightly soluble in water 0.27 g/100g at 18°C; soluble in hydrofluoric acid; insoluble in alcohol.
STORAGE:
Store in a cool, dry area.
Store material tightly sealed in properly labeled containers.
Protect from moisture.
SYNONYM:
7789-24-4
Fluorolithium
Lithium fluoride (LiF)
Lithium monofluoride
Trilithium trifluoride
Lithium fluoride (Li3F3)
lithium;fluoride
Lithium fluorure
NTL 50
TLD 100
TLD 700
Lithium fluoride (6LiF)
Lithium fluoride (7LiF)
Lithium fluorure [French]
UNII-1485XST65B
MFCD00011090
1485XST65B
NSC12957
Lithium fluorure (FRENCH)
17409-87-9
LiF
Lithium fluoride, 97%, for analysis
Lithium bifluoride
Lithium fluoride, 99.98%, extra pure
Lithium fluoride (Li(HF2))
HSDB 651
(6L)Lithium fluoride
(7L)Lithium fluoride
EINECS 232-152-0
NSC 12957
Lithium fluorure [French]
EINECS 235-292-0
EINECS 238-958-9
EINECS 241-438-4
ACMC-20akmp
WLN: LI F
Lithium fluoride, ultra dry
12159-92-1
Lithium fluoride, Optical Grade
DTXSID10894119
TLD-100
s228
AMY37018
NSC-12957
AKOS015833195
AKOS015902703
Lithium fluoride, 99.99% (metals basis)
FT-0627899
A839270
Q409319
Hydrofluoric acid, ion(1-), with lithanylium (1:1)
IUPAC NAME:
LiF
Lithium Fluoride
Lithium fluoride
lithium fluoride
Lithium fluoride
Lithium Monofluorid
lithium(1+) fluoride
