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Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is a free-flowing powder of dibenzoylperoxide that is used in pharmaceutical applications such as anti-acne formulations.
Arkema manufactures in accordance with ICH Q7A Good Manufacturing Practice Guidance for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients and maintain a Drug Master File with several regulatory agencies.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is mainly used in production of plastics and for bleaching flour, hair, plastics and textiles.
CAS No.: 94-36-0
Linear Formula: (C6H5CO)2O2
Formula Weight: 242.23
EINECS: 202-327-6
Synonyms:
Benzoyl peroxide Manufacturer;Luperox A98, Benzoyl peroxide;Benzoyl peroxide[51% < content ≤100%, inert solid content ≤48%];Benzoyl peroxide[35% < content ≤52%, inert solid content ≥48%];Benzoyl peroxide[36% < content ≤42%, type A diluent ≥18%, water content ≤40%];Benzoyl peroxide[77% < content ≤94%, water content ≥6%];Benzoyl peroxide[content ≤42%, stable dispersion in water];Benzoyl peroxide[content ≤62%, inert solid content ≥28%, water content ≥10%]
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% pharmaceutical grade benzoyl peroxide can be shipped anywhere in the world.
The Drug Master File (DMF) is continuously maintained by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the product meets USP and PhEur monograph specifications.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75%is a fine, free-flowing, water-wetting powder with a very tightly controlled particle size dispersion.
Although the precise cause of acne is unclear, Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% appears to be associated with at least four factors: increased sebum production, follicular keratinisation, bacterial colonisation and inflammation.
Study suggests the prevalent bacterium implicated in the clinical course of acne is Propionibacterium acnes (P acnes), a gram-positive anaerobe that normally inhabits the skin and is implicated in the inflammatory phase of acne.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is mainly indicated in the treatment of mild to moderate acne and is often prescribed in conjunction with oral antibiotics (erythromycin or clindamycin) in the treatment of moderate to severe acne.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is a carbonyl compound.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is lipophilic that can penetrate the stratum corneum and enter the pilosebaceous follicle.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is rapidly broken down to benzoic acid and hydrogen peroxide and generates free radicals that oxidise proteins in bacterial cell membranes, exerting a bactericidal action.
In addition, Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75%, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% has shown that benzoyl peroxide can reduce the free fatty acid content of sebum, which provides a useful marker for bacterial activity.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% has an anti-inflammatory action and vitro studies suggest that this action arises from its ability to kill polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN cells) in the pilosebaceous follicles and so prevent their release of reactive oxygen species such as peroxides which enhance tissue inflammation.
Involving equation about this process:
C6H5C(O)O-OC(O)C6H5 + H2O 2 C6H5COOH + ½ O2
Moreover, due to its irritant effect, Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% increases turnover rate of epithelial cells, thereby peeling the skin and promoting the resolution of comedones.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% may affect workers in the electronics and plastics (epoxy resins and catalysts) industries, electricians, ceramic workers, dentists and dental technicians, laboratory technicians and bakers.
As Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% was contained in candles, it also induced contact dermatitis in a sacristan.
However, some positive tests are of unknown occupational relevance.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is a potent oxidizing agent that has both antimicrobial and comedolytic properties; its primary use is in treating acne vulgaris.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is converted in the skin to benzoic acid; clearance of absorbed drug is rapid, and no systemic toxicity has been observed.
The major toxicities are irritation and contact allergy.
Outgrowth of bacteria resistant to topical antibiotics used to treat acne can be reduced by the addition of Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% in combination products such as erythromycin (Benzamycin) and clindamycin (Benzaclin).
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% Chemical Properties
Melting point: 105 °C(lit.)
Boiling point: 176°F
Density: 1.16 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Bulk density: 500-600kg/m3
Vapor pressure: 0.009Pa at 25℃
Refractive index: 1.5430 (estimate)
Fp: >230 °F
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility: 0.35mg/l
Form: powder
Color: White
Odor: odorless
Water Solubility: Insoluble
Merck: 14,1116
BRN: 984320
Exposure limits: TLV-TWA 5 mg/m3; IDLH 7000 mg/m3.
Stability: Strong oxidizer. Highly flammable. Do not grind or subject to shock or friction. Incompatible with reducing agents, acids, bases, alcohols, metals, organic materials. Contact with combustible material, heating or friction may cause fire or explosion.
InChIKey: OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP: 3.2 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 94-36-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
IARC: 3 (Vol. 36, Sup 7, 71) 1999
NIST Chemistry Reference: Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75%(94-36-0)
EPA Substance Registry System: Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% (94-36-0)
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is an odorless, white, or colorless crystalline powder with a faint odor of benzaldehyde resulting from the interaction of benzoyl chloride and a cooled sodium peroxide solution.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is used in specified cheeses at 0.0002% of milk level.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is also used for the bleaching of flour, slowly decomposing to exert its full bleaching action, which results in whiter flour and bread.
The major decomposition product of Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% in water was benzoic acid, but trace amounts of phenyl benzoate, phenol, and hydroxybenzoic acids were formed.
When carbon-14 la- beled Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% was reacted with whey, the same compounds were produced.
Uses
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is used as a bleaching agent for certain foods, an oxidizing agent, a polymerizing initiator in the manufacture of plastics, a curing agent for silicone rubber, and an ingredient in various industrial processes.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75%, like most peroxides, is a powerful bleaching agent.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% has a long history of use in the food industry as a bleaching agent added for flour, whey, and milk for cheese making.
Contact with fabrics or hair can cause permanent color dampening almost immediately.
Even secondary contact can cause bleaching.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is widely used as a catalyst in the polymerisation of molecules like styrene (phenylethene) to form polystyrene, which used to make many things from drinking cups to packaging material.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is a widely used organic compound of the peroxide family.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is used as a source offree radicals in many organic syntheses andto initiate polymerizations of styrene, vinylchloride, vinyl acetate, and acrylics; to curethermoset polyester resins and silicone rubbers;in medicine for treating acne; and forbleaching vegetable oil, cheese, flour, and fats.
Reactivity Profile
Benzoyl peroxide reacts exothermically withstrong acids, strong bases, amines, reducingagents, and sulfur compounds.
Explosionshave been reported when it reacted withcarbon tetrachloride and ethylene (Bolt andJoyce 1947), lithium aluminum hydride(Sutton 1951), N,N-dimethyl aniline (Hornerand Betzel 1953), hot chloroform (NFPA1986), and methyl methacrylate (NFPA1986).
Lappin (1948) reported an explosionwhen a bottle was opened.
Organic matterentrapped in the threads of the bottleprobably reacted explosively with benzoylperoxide.
Purification Methods
Dissolve Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% in CHCl3 at room temperature and precipitate it by adding an equal volume of MeOH or pet ether.
Similarly Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% is precipitated from acetone by adding two volumes of distilled water.
Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% has also been crystallised from 50% MeOH and from diethyl ether.
Dry Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% under vacuum at room temperature for 24hours.
Store Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% in a desiccator in the dark at 0o.
When purifying in the absence of water Luperox A75FP, Benzoyl peroxide, 75% can be EXPLOSIVE, and operations should be done on a very small scale with adequate protection.
Large amounts should be kept moist with water and stored in a refrigerator.
