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Mangosteen Peel Extract is known to contain a wealth of anti inflammatory compounds and antioxidants.
Mangosteen Peel Extract is a food ingredient, not instant food
Mangosteen Peel Extract is from the fruit pericarp of Garcinia mangostana L Species.
CAS Number: 90045-25-3
EC Number: 289-884-9
Chem/IUPAC Name: Garcinia Mangostana Peel Extract is an extract of the peel of the Mangosteen, Garcinia mangostana L., Hypericaceae
SYNONYMS:
Mangosteen Extract, Garcinia Mangostana Peel Extract, Mangostana Peel Extract, Mangosteen Fruit Peel Extract, Mangosteen Skin Extract, Mangosteen Pericarp Extract, Purple Mangosteen Extract, Mangosteen Shell Extract, Mangosteen Peel Extract, Garcinia mangostana Peel Extract, Mangostana Peel Extract, Mangosteen Fruit Peel Extract, Mangosteen Skin Extract, Mangosteen Pericarp Extract, Purple Mangosteen Extract, Mangosteen Shell Extract, Garcinia mangostana Pericarp Extract, Crabwood Extract (common name in some regions)
Mangosteen Peel Extract is extracted from the skin of mangosteen, a tropical fruit.
Mangosteen Peel Extract is known to contain a wealth of anti inflammatory compounds and antioxidants.
Therefore, Mangosteen Peel Extract is present in countless skin care and scalp care products.
Mangosteen Peel Extract is often made by separating the soft fruit from the peel.
Next, chopped mangosteen peels are chopped and pureed using distilled water (or clear lime extract).
Mangosteen Peel Extract can also be obtained using ethanol or dichloromethane.
Because it's such a xanthone-rich ingredient, we use Mangosteen Peel Extract in our Natural Dry Shampoo.
Mangosteen Peel Extract is known to repair and protect the scalp from oxidative damage, and its anti-inflammatory properties also assists with treating dry skin and eczema.
Mangosteen Peel Extract (Garcinia mangostana L) is one of Indonesia’s native fruit trees that grows easily throughout Southeast Asia in countries such as Malaysia, Thailand and Myanmar.
Phytochemical research shows that Mangosteen Peel Extract contains active ingredients such as xanthones, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins.
Xanthones are reported to produce pharmacological effects, including antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties.
The use of natural ingredients is widely known in the medical world and is accepted in almost all countries throughout the world.
The World Health Organization also recommends the use of traditional medicines in public health care, especially for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, degenerative diseases, and cases of cancer.
Several studies have shown that the use of herbal medicines is considered to be less toxic than modern drugs / chemical synthesis because the side effects are relatively limited.
On the other hand, researchers also found that alpha-mangostin is not toxic for gums for 480 minutes.
Tannins are also contained in many plant species, often found in skin, stems, leaves, and fruit, and play an important role in the protection and regulation of cell growth.
Tannin is a derivative of the polyphenol compound contained in mangosteen peel extract, which is about 11.8%.
The chemical activity of tannins includes several elements, namely apoptosis, antitumor, antibacterial, and antiplasmin.
Banso proved that tannin antimicrobial activity in relation to certain microbes is in the range of minimum inhibitory concentration around 4-5.5 mg / ml, while the concentration of the ability to kill bacteria is 4.5-6 mg / ml.
However, at high concentrations, tannins can cause irritation to mucous membranes.
The active compound extract of mangosteen peel is potential and it supports the medical sector especially in the field of dentistry.
In the oral cavity, there are various kinds of microorganisms that are balanced in composition known as the normal bacterial flora.
The use of synthetic chemical antibacterial agents can cause irritation in the soft tissues of the oral cavity so it is necessary to think of alternative medicine that are friendly to oral tissues.
Every material used in dentistry meets several requirements including biocompatibility.
Toxicity tests are carried out during the initial phases of biocompatibility of materials and are part of the evaluation of dental materials; Mangosteen Peel Extract is one of the procedures required for standard screening.
Toxicity tests are used to study the effects of toxic chemicals or pollutants on certain organisms.
Because both xanthones and tannins are active ingredients and have antimicrobial potential, Mangosteen Peel Extract is necessary to do further studies.
Mangosteen Peel Extract is a food ingredient, not instant food
Mangosteen Peel Extract is from the fruit pericarp of Garcinia mangostana L Species.
Mangosteen peel extract powder is high source for tannin extraction.
In addition, Mangosteen Peel Extract found traces xanthone, isoflavones, and flavonoids.
Xanthone, vitamin C, phenolic and anthocyanin contained in Mangosteen Peel Extract isantioxidant that can prevent premature skin aging and maintain healthy skin.
Others several biological activities were reported for the pericarp extract of G. mangostana, such as antimicrobial, antifungal, antidiabetic, antiproliferative and antitumor activities.
The phytochemical analysis of Mangosteen Peel Extract showed that it is rich in tannin and xanthones (especially α-mangostin).
The biological quality of Mangosteen Peel Extract products is based on the contents of α-mangostin, tannin and other phenolic compounds.
Mangosteen is a fruit with a sweet and sour flavour and is native to several Asian countries.
The fruit is a rich source of xanthones, natural polyphenolic compounds that have documented health-promoting effects, especially when consumed orally.
Mangosteen’s dark red peel contains a rich assortment of antioxidant compounds, including flavonoids, xanthones, and anthocyanins, all of which neutralize oxidative damage.
Mangosteen Peel Extract both interrupts and helps repair the visible damage from free radicals on skin; however, the peel of this plant is considered inedible, so bodily health benefits from this plant are due to consumption of the fruit portion.
On skin, all parts of the mangosteen plant exert pronounced calming benefits which helps visibly improve multiple skin concerns.
This benefit mostly stems from Mangosteen Peel Extract's unique mix of antioxidants and their synergy on skin.
Mangosteen Peel Extract is derived from the rind (pericarp) of the mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana), a tropical tree native to Southeast Asia.
USES and APPLICATIONS of MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
For centuries, Mangosteen Peel Extract has been used in traditional Eastern medicine to heal skin wounds, acne, and reduce inflammation.
Mangosteen Peel Extract applications for Functional Foods, Functional Beverages and Dietary Supplements.
Mangosteen Peel Extract is also used for a healthy immune system, wound healing and relieve diarrhea.
Renowned for its rich antioxidant profile, particularly xanthones, Mangosteen Peel Extract is widely utilized in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries for its health-promoting properties.
-Traditional and Herbal Medicine
Antioxidant Agent:
Use: Mangosteen Peel Extract neutralizes free radicals, reducing oxidative stress.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract is consumed as supplements or used in herbal remedies to prevent cellular damage.
-Anti-Inflammatory:
Use:
Mangosteen Peel Extract reduces inflammation in various parts of the body.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract is applied topically in creams or consumed orally to alleviate inflammatory conditions.
-Antimicrobial Properties:
Use:
Mangosteen Peel Extract fights bacterial, fungal, and viral infections.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract is used in ointments, soaps, and sanitizers to prevent microbial growth.
-Digestive Health:
Use:
Mangosteen Peel Extract aids in digestion and alleviates gastrointestinal discomfort.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract incorporated into teas and dietary supplements for digestive support.
-Topical Applications of Mangosteen Peel Extract:
Creams and Lotions:
Incorporated into skincare products for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits.
Ointments:
Mangosteen Peel Extract is used for treating skin irritations and wounds.
BENEFITS OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
*Anti-Ageing
CATEGORIES OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
*Antioxidant,
*Plant Extracts
WHAT DOES MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT DO IN A FORMULATION?
*Skin conditioning
MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT AT A GLANCE:
Excellent source of antioxidants for skin
Helps to reduce collagen, elastin, and hyaluronic acid-degrading enzymes in skin
The fruit has a sweet and sour flavour
Native to Asia
COSMETICS AND SKINCARE USES OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
*Anti-Aging:
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract combats signs of aging by reducing wrinkles and improving skin elasticity.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract included in serums, creams, and lotions targeting mature skin.
*Skin Brightening:
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract promotes an even skin tone and reduces hyperpigmentation.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract is found in brightening masks and creams.
*Hydration and Moisturization:
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract enhances skin hydration and prevents dryness.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract is used in moisturizers and hydrating skincare products.
*Soothing Irritated Skin:
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract calms irritated or inflamed skin conditions.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract incorporated into soothing creams and ointments for sensitive skin.
DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
*Antioxidant Support:
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract protects cells from oxidative damage.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract is available in capsule and tablet forms as antioxidant supplements.
*Weight Management:
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract may aid in weight loss by boosting metabolism and reducing fat accumulation.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract included in weight loss supplements and fat burners.
*Immune System Support:
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract enhances immune response and helps in fighting infections.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract formulated into immune-boosting supplements.
PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
*Neuroprotective Effects:
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract protects neuronal cells and may improve cognitive function.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract is studied for potential use in preventing neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
*Anticancer Research:
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract shows potential in inhibiting cancer cell growth and inducing apoptosis.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract investigated as a complementary treatment in cancer therapy.
*Cardiovascular Health:
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract may help in reducing cholesterol levels and improving heart health.
Application:
Mangosteen Peel Extract is explored for use in cardiovascular supplements and medications.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
CAS Number:
Not specifically assigned for the whole extract.
However, individual compounds within the extract have their own CAS numbers (e.g., α-Mangostin: 529-51-5).
EC Number:
Not specifically assigned for the whole extract.
Mangosteen Peel Extract is a dark brown to purplish-brown powder or liquid extract, depending on the concentration and extraction method.
Solubility:
Water:
Mangosteen Peel Extract is partially soluble; solubility can vary based on extraction methods and concentration.
Ethanol:
Mangosteen Peel Extract is highly soluble, making ethanol a common solvent for extraction.
Molecular Weight:
Varies based on the specific xanthones and other phytochemicals present.
For example:
α-Mangostin: 410.54 g/mol
β-Mangostin: 410.54 g/mol
Melting Point: Not applicable for the entire extract; individual compounds have specific melting points (e.g., α-Mangostin melts at approximately 190-192°C).
Boiling Point: Not applicable for the extract; individual compounds have distinct boiling points.
Flash Point: Not applicable.
pH: Generally neutral to slightly acidic when dissolved in water, typically ranging from pH 5 to 7.
MARKET AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
Global Market:
Demand:
Increasing demand in the herbal supplement, natural cosmetics, and functional food markets.
Growth Drivers:
Rising consumer interest in natural and plant-based products, along with growing awareness of the health benefits of mangosteen peel extract.
Economic Benefits:
Local Economies:
Mangosteen Peel Extract provides income opportunities for farmers and manufacturers involved in the cultivation and processing of mangosteen peels.
Export Potential:
High potential for export to markets interested in traditional medicine and natural health products.
Challenges:
Standardization:
Ensuring consistent quality and concentration of active compounds in extracts.
Regulatory Hurdles:
Navigating varying regulatory requirements across different regions for supplements and cosmetic products.
BENEFITS OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
*Rich Antioxidant Content:
Description:
High levels of xanthones, particularly α-mangostin, provide potent antioxidant effects.
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract protects against cellular damage, aging, and chronic diseases.
*Anti-Inflammatory Properties:
Description:
Mangosteen Peel Extract inhibits inflammatory pathways and reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract alleviates symptoms of inflammatory conditions like arthritis and skin irritations.
*Antimicrobial Activity:
Description:
Effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract prevents infections and supports immune health.
*Neuroprotective Effects:
Description:
Mangosteen Peel Extract rotects neuronal cells from damage and supports cognitive function.
Benefit:
Potential in preventing and managing neurodegenerative diseases.
*Cardiovascular Support:
Description:
Mangosteen Peel Extract helps in lowering cholesterol levels and improving blood circulation.
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract reduces the risk of heart disease and promotes overall cardiovascular health.
*Skin Health:
Description:
Mangosteen Peel Extract enhances skin hydration, reduces wrinkles, and promotes an even skin tone.
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract maintains youthful and healthy-looking skin.
*Digestive Health:
Description:
Mangosteen Peel Extract aids in digestion and alleviates gastrointestinal discomfort.
Benefit:
Mangosteen Peel Extract prevents and treats digestive issues like bloating, constipation, and diarrhea.
ACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
*Xanthones (e.g., α-Mangostin, β-Mangostin):
Properties:
Potent antioxidants with anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities.
Benefits:
Protect cells from oxidative stress and inhibit cancer cell growth.
*Tannins:
Properties:
Astringent compounds with antimicrobial properties.
Benefits:
Aid in wound healing and prevent microbial infections.
*Flavonoids (e.g., Quercetin):
Properties:
Strong antioxidants with anti-inflammatory effects.
Benefits:
Reduce inflammation and support immune function.
*Vitamins and Minerals:
Components:
Mangosteen Peel Extract contains vitamins C, E, and B-complex, along with minerals like potassium and magnesium.
Benefits:
Support overall health and bodily functions.
MECHANISM OF ACTION OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
*Antioxidant Activity:
Mechanism:
Scavenges free radicals and enhances the body's antioxidant defense systems.
Impact:
Mangosteen Peel Extract protects cells from oxidative damage and reduces the risk of chronic diseases.
*Anti-Inflammatory Pathways:
Mechanism:
Mangosteen Peel Extract inhibits the NF-κB pathway and reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Impact:
Mangosteen Peel Extract decreases inflammation and alleviates symptoms of inflammatory conditions.
*Antimicrobial Effects:
Mechanism:
Mangosteen Peel Extract disrupts microbial cell membranes and inhibits microbial enzyme activity.
Impact:
Mangosteen Peel Extract prevents the growth and proliferation of harmful bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
*Neuroprotection:
Mechanism:
Mangosteen Peel Extract protects neuronal cells from oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Impact:
Mangosteen Peel Extract enhances cognitive function and reduces the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.
*Cholesterol Reduction:
Mechanism:
Mangosteen Peel Extract enhances the excretion of cholesterol and inhibits its synthesis in the liver.
Impact:
Mangosteen Peel Extract lowers blood cholesterol levels and reduces the risk of heart disease.
SAFETY AND SIDE EFFECTS OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
General Safety
Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) when used in typical dietary amounts.
Supplement Use:
Considered safe when taken as per recommended dosages.
PROPERTIES OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
*Anti-oxidant
*Anti-aging
*Anti-inflammatory
*Anti-microbial
*Anti-cancer
*Anti-cholestermic
*Anti-acne
*Anti-diabetic effects
*Increase immune function
*Skin treatments
*Treating psoriasis
*Boost heart health
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
Traditional Use:
Teas and Infusions:
Prepared by boiling dried mangosteen peels in water and consumed as herbal tea.
Decoctions:
Concentrated extracts made by simmering peels for extended periods.
Supplement Form:
Capsules/Tablets:
Standardized extracts with specific concentrations of active compounds, typically ranging from 200-500 mg per day.
Tinctures:
Liquid extracts taken in small doses, usually 1-2 ml daily.
RECOMMENDED DOSAGE OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
General Guidelines:
Teas: 1-2 cups per day.
Supplements:
Follow product-specific instructions, typically ranging from 200-500 mg per day.
Note:
It is essential to adhere to recommended dosages and consult a healthcare professional, especially when used for therapeutic purposes.
MECHANISM OF ACTION FOR MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
*High antioxidant :
Xanthones showed antioxidant activities.
Mangosteen Peel Extract can effectively suppress the excessive ROS to prevent carcinogenesis.
The biological of Xanthones depends on the nature position of the different substituents with through different pathways.
*Anti inflammatory :
β-mangostin showed inhibit the inflammatory.
Mangosteen Peel Extract also exhibits the effect of antibacterial
*Anti allergy :
Extract of Mangosteen Peel has potent inhibitory activities of both histamine release and prostaglandin E2 synthesis.
*Treat diarrhoea :
MangoMangosteen Peel Extract steen has been used to treat and diarrhea since it high content of tannins.
Tannin has anti-bacterial and astringent properties.
The ingestion of tannin caused constipation and can be used to treat diarrhoea
*Anti cancer:
α-Mangostin (α-MG) is the most representative xanthone isolated from the pericarp of Mangosteen Peel Extract, possessing extensive biological activities and pharmacological properties, considered as an antineoplastic agent, antioxidant, anti-proliferation and induces apoptosis.
*Helping nourish the skin :
Mangostin and Isogarcinol contain compounds that can help protect the skin from environmental damage and sun exposure.
They promote healthy skin, such as helping to reduce the occurrence of wrinkles and giving the skin a more vibrant look.
CURRENY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENTS OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
*Anticancer Studies:
Focus:
Investigating the efficacy of xanthones like α-mangostin in inhibiting cancer cell growth and inducing apoptosis.
Findings:
In vitro studies demonstrate promising anticancer activity against various cancer cell lines, including breast, colon, and lung cancers.
*Neuroprotective Effects:
Focus:
Assessing the neuroprotective properties of mangosteen peel extract in preventing neurodegenerative diseases.
Findings:
Early research suggests benefits in protecting neuronal cells and enhancing cognitive function.
*Antimicrobial and Antiviral Research:
Focus:
Testing the efficacy of mangosteen peel extract against various bacterial and viral pathogens.
Findings:
Exhibits significant antimicrobial and antiviral properties, potentially useful in developing new antimicrobial agents.
*Cardiovascular Health:
Focus:
Exploring the effects of mangosteen peel compounds on cholesterol levels and heart health.
Findings:
Studies indicate a potential role in lowering cholesterol levels and improving vascular function.
*Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Studies:
Focus:
Demonstrating the reduction of inflammatory markers and oxidative stress in various models.
Findings:
Significant reduction in inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers, supporting its use in chronic inflammatory diseases.
*Skin Health and Cosmetics:
Focus:
Developing skincare formulations that leverage the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of mangosteen peel.
Findings:
Effective in reducing signs of aging, soothing irritated skin, and improving overall skin health.
CONCLUSION OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
Mangosteen Peel Extract (Garcinia mangostana Peel Extract) is a versatile botanical extract with a wide range of applications spanning traditional medicine, dietary supplements, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
Mangosteen Peel Extract's rich composition of bioactive compounds, particularly xanthones like α-mangostin, offers significant health benefits such as antioxidant protection, anti-inflammatory effects, antimicrobial activity, and potential anticancer properties.
While Mangosteen Peel Extract holds great promise, especially in emerging research areas like neuroprotection and cancer therapy, responsible use and sustainable cultivation practices are essential to maximize its benefits and minimize potential risks.
Ongoing research continues to uncover the full potential of mangosteen peel extract, solidifying its role in both traditional and modern health and wellness paradigms.
SUSTAINABILITY AND CULTIVATION OF MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
Cultivation Practices:
Regions:
Predominantly cultivated in Southeast Asia, including Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines.
Methods:
Mangosteen Peel Extract requires well-drained soil, ample sunlight, and adequate water.
Sustainable farming practices are encouraged to prevent overharvesting and ensure long-term viability.
Sustainability Concerns:
Overharvesting:
Wild populations may be threatened by overharvesting; sustainable farming practices are essential to meet demand without depleting natural resources.
Environmental Impact:
Generally considered environmentally friendly when cultivated responsibly, with minimal negative impacts on ecosystems.
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
Part used : Peel / Rind
Color : Yellow to brownish yellow powder
Extraction : Solvent Extract
Origin : Thailand
Grade : Food
Water Soluble : Yes
Botanical Name : Garcinia mangostana L.
Active Ingredients : Mangostin, Xanthones, Isogarcinol (YDIS)
Shelf-Life : 36 months from manufacturing date
CAS Number: 90045-25-3
Chem/IUPAC Name: Garcinia Mangostana Peel Extract is an extract of the peel of the Mangosteen, Garcinia mangostana L., Hypericaceae
EINECS/ELINCS No: 289-884-9
COSING REF No: 56319
FIRST AID MEASURES of MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation:
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact:
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact:
Rinse out with plenty of water.
Call in ophthalmologist.
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing:
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most).
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains.
Collect, bind, and pump off spills.
Observe possible material restrictions.
Take up dry.
Dispose of properly.
Clean up affected area.
FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Foam
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.
EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION ofMANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection.
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.
HANDLING and STORAGE of MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed.
Dry.
STABILITY and REACTIVITY of MANGOSTEEN PEEL EXTRACT:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature) .
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available
