MELAMINE PHOSPHATE MP

Melamine Phosphate MP is a melamine phosphate-based, halogen-free, flame retardant. 
Melamine Phosphate MP offers significant advantages in terms of fire safety such as lower smoke density & toxicity and less corrosive gases. 
Melamine Phosphate MP applications include thermosets, both unsaturated polyester and epoxies and in textile treatment. 

CAS Number: 20208-95-1
Molecular Formula: C3H9N6O4P
Molecular Weight: 224.12
EINECS Number: 243-601-5

Synonyms: 41583-09-9, Melamine Phosphate (MP), 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine polyphosphate, 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine·phosphoric acid, Melamine phosphoric acid, Phosphoric acid·melamine, INTUMESCENT COMPOUND KE 8000, SLFR-7, 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine monophosphate, 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine, phosphate (1:1)

Melamine Phosphate MP is an inorganic flame retardant that is formed through the reaction of melamine, a nitrogen-rich organic compound, with phosphoric acid, resulting in a white crystalline powder containing both phosphorus and nitrogen.
Melamine Phosphate MP is colorless to white monoclinic crystals or prisms or white powder.
Melamine Phosphate MP sublimes when gently heated.

In self-charring materials such as cellulose or epoxy, Melamine Phosphate MP can be used as such without addition of other flame retardants.
Melamine Phosphate MP is white powder, has good water resistance, used in intumescent flame retardant systems. 
Melamine Phosphate MP has a char-forming intumescent mechanism.

Melamine Phosphate MP having hydrogen bonded thereto from about 0.5 to about 1.5 moles of phosphoric acid per mole of melamine phosphate, particleboard containing said melamine phosphate material and processes for the production thereof, are disclosed.
Melamine Phosphate MP is a halogen-free material that releases non-toxic gases when heated, making it an environmentally friendly flame retardant compared to traditional halogenated compounds. 

Because of its high nitrogen and phosphorus content, Melamine Phosphate MP effectively suppresses flames by promoting char formation and releasing water and inert gases that dilute flammable gases in the event of a fire.
Melamine Phosphate MP is chemically stable under normal conditions, has low solubility in water, and does not easily decompose, which allows it to be used in applications that require long-term fire resistance. 
It is widely used in plastics, thermosetting resins, coatings, and textiles to improve fire safety without significantly affecting the mechanical properties of the material.

Melamine Phosphate MP is a triamine compound rst discovered and synthesized in the early 1800s.
Melamine Phosphate MP is deaminated to the oxytriazine structural analogs ammeline, ammelide, and cyanuric acid.
Melamine Phosphate MP is a compound used for syntheses of a large variety of materials for applications such as cleaning supplies, dry erase boards, and plastics.

Melamine Phosphate MP is synthesized from urea, requires several purications steps, and is marketed in various purities where the lowest quality is contaminated with oxytriazines.
Melamine Phosphate MP is a kind of intumescent ame retardant with excellent properties.
Melamine Phosphate MP is especially effective when combined with other flame retardants, such as melamine polyphosphate or pentaerythritol, to create synergistic effects that enhance the overall flame retardant performance of the final product.

Melamine Phosphate MP are salts with organic or inorganic acids such as boric acid, cyanuric acid, and phosphoric or polyphosphoric acid.
Melamine Phosphate MP is a salt of melamine and phosphoric acid.
Above 200 ºC, Melamine Phosphate MP reacts to release water, resulting in a heat sink and leaving the phosphorous component available to react synergistically with other ame retardant components.

Melamine Phosphate MP acts as a flame retardant. Exhibits catalyst functionality. 
Used in thermosets, unsaturated polyesters, cellulose and epoxies.
The main varieties are environmentally friendly nitrogen and phosphorus series halogen-free flame retardants; ammonium molybdate (two molybdenum, four molybdenum, seven molybdenum, eight molybdenum), sodium molybdate, high-purity molybdenum oxide, industrial molybdenum oxide, spray molybdenum powder, etc.

Melamine Phosphate MP is widely used in thermosetting resins such as epoxy, phenolic, and unsaturated polyester resins, as well as in thermoplastics like polyethylene and polypropylene, to meet fire safety standards in construction materials, electronics, transportation components, and textiles.
It is also effective in intumescent coatings, which swell when exposed to heat to form a foamed, insulating char layer that protects the underlying substrate from flames and high temperatures. 
Because of its stability, non-volatility, and good compatibility with other flame retardant systems, melamine phosphate is frequently combined with other additives to achieve enhanced fire performance without severely compromising the mechanical or processing properties of the base material.

solubility: DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
form: Solid
color: White to Off-White

Melamine Phosphate MP, needs to absorb heat from the polymer to reduce the surface temperature of the substrate. Decomposition temperature of Melamine salts is high.
Melamine Phosphate MP is classified as an additive-type flame retardant, meaning it is physically mixed into polymers or coatings rather than being chemically bonded, which allows for easier incorporation into a wide range of materials. 
Because it is halogen-free and produces very little smoke and toxic gases during combustion, it is often chosen for applications where environmental and human safety are important considerations.

Its flame retardant effect is based on the combination of the phosphorus element, which promotes the formation of a protective char layer on the material surface, and the nitrogen element, which releases inert gases such as nitrogen and ammonia during heating, thereby diluting combustible gases and reducing oxygen availability.
Melamine Phosphate MP was originally developed for glass ber-reinforced (GF) PA 66 and gives a V-0 at 25% dosage, but it fails to improve the ammability characteristics of PA 6 at reasonable levels

Melamine Phosphate MP depolymerizes at above 350 °C, inducing signicant cross-linking (as evidenced by increase in viscosity) in PA 66 and leading to a drastic depolymerization of PA 6.
Melamine Phosphate MP is today mostly used in combination with other FRs, such as metal phosphinates (see phosphinate chapter), metal hydroxides, and phosphates.
Melamine Phosphate MP is characterized by its good thermal stability and a low impact on the glass-transition temperature (Tg).

Melamine Phosphate MP decompose endothermically (heat sink) and release inert nitrogen gases (e.g. ammonia) that dilute oxygen and the ammable gases in the ame.
Often phosphoric acid is also formed as a decomposition product and promotes the formation of insulating char on the surface of the polymer.
Melamine Phosphate MP decomposes endothermically above 350ºC, acting as a heat sink to cool the polymer.

The released phosphoric acid further reacts with the polymer to form a char and inhibit the release of free radical gasses into the oxygen phase.
Simultaneously, nitrogen species released from the degradation of melamine intumesces the char to further protect the polymer.
Melamine Phosphate MP based halogen free ame retardants are primarily used for glass ber reinforced polyamide and polyester (e.g. PBT) and can be used as a synergist in many other applications and polymers.

Melamine Phosphate MP is a coordination compound that has been used as an antimicrobial agent and polymer retardant.
Melamine Phosphate MP also has an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) that can be used for determining the rate constant of its reaction with water vapor.
The rate constants are determined by measuring the change in impedance over time and plotting it against frequency.

This analytical method is used for determining the concentration and stability of melamine polyphosphate in solution and can be applied to other similar compounds.
Melamine Phosphate MP is White powder, non-toxic, odorless; Insoluble in water and most organic solvents. 
It has two obivious features:

Thermal stability: Considering the highest processing stability, melamine phosphate and its derivatives are the preferred compounds.
Flame retardancy: Firstly, it can produce a P-N synergistic flame retardant effect; The second is the optimal match between its decomposition temperature and the decomposition temperature of the coating; The third is that melamine phosphate and its derivatives have the best flame retardancy and can also increase the amount of carbon layer formation.

Uses Of Melamine Phosphate MP:
Melamine Phosphate MP ,especially used as dehydrate carbon catalyst and foaming agent, cotton, fibers and resins. Melamine phosphate is mainly used in intumescent flame retardant systems for paints and polymers,combining both the melamine and catalyst functionality.
Melamine Phosphate MP is applied to halogen-free flame retardant of polyolefin resins, intumescent fireproofing coatings, acrylic glues, thermosets, epoxy, engineering plastics, synthetic rubber and so on.
Melamine Phosphate MP has excellent material compatibility with many kinds of polyolefin elastomers, and can be made into high-concentration flame retardant masterbatch to improve the diversity of processing.

Environmental protection type non-halogen flame retardant
Melamine Phosphate MP is an Environment-friendly non-halogen flame retardant.
Widely used in fireproof coatings, flame-retardant plastics and other products. 

Due to the increasing demand for halogen-free flame retardants in recent years, FR-MP has new application prospects and a broad market.
Melamine Phosphate MP is mainly used as a halogen‑free flame retardant in plastics and polymer materials, where it improves fire resistance without producing large amounts of smoke or toxic gases during combustion. 
It is frequently added to thermosetting resins such as epoxy, phenolic, and unsaturated polyester resins, because it can significantly reduce flammability while maintaining good mechanical properties and processability.

In the construction industry, Melamine Phosphate MP is used in fire‑resistant coatings, insulating foams, and intumescent paints, where it contributes to the formation of a protective char layer that prevents heat transfer and slows down the spread of flames. 
Melamine Phosphate MP is also used in textiles, paper, and wood products to provide durable flame retardancy without altering the appearance or flexibility of the treated materials.

Because it is non‑toxic and halogen‑free, melamine phosphate is widely preferred for applications in electrical and electronic components, automotive parts, and transportation materials, where both fire safety and environmental regulations must be met. 
Melamine Phosphate MP is also used in synergistic flame retardant systems along with other phosphorus‑ or nitrogen‑containing additives, as this combination enhances char formation and increases the overall effectiveness of fire protection in polymers and coatings.

In addition, Melamine Phosphate MP is often incorporated into intumescent formulations, which expand when exposed to high temperatures to create a thick insulating foam, thereby providing longer fire protection for structural steel, cables, and other critical components in buildings and industrial facilities.
Melamine Phosphate MP is also used in the production of flame‑retardant adhesives and sealants, where it helps prevent the spread of fire in construction and transportation applications without significantly affecting bonding strength or durability. 
Melamine Phosphate MP is incorporated into thermoplastic materials such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyamide to meet strict fire safety standards in automotive interiors, electrical housings, and consumer electronics.

In the textile industry, Melamine Phosphate MP is applied as a finishing agent on fabrics used for upholstery, curtains, and protective clothing, because it provides durable flame resistance without greatly altering the softness, color, or flexibility of the fabric. 
It is also utilized in decorative laminates and paper products to enhance fire safety in furniture and interior design applications.

Because of its synergistic properties, Melamine Phosphate MP is frequently combined with other flame retardants, such as melamine polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, or ammonium polyphosphate, to achieve higher levels of char formation and improved thermal stability in intumescent coatings. 
These coatings are widely used on structural steel in buildings, tunnels, and industrial facilities, where they protect critical components by delaying temperature rise during a fire.

Melamine Phosphate MP finds application in rubber compounds, foamed plastics, and thermoplastic elastomers to improve their flame retardancy while maintaining flexibility and mechanical strength. 
Its non‑corrosive nature and low smoke emission make it suitable for use in enclosed spaces, such as ships, trains, and aircraft, where fire safety requirements are particularly stringent.

Safety Profile Of Melamine Phosphate MP:
Melamine Phosphate MP is also used in the production of flame‑retardant adhesives and sealants, where it helps prevent the spread of fire in construction and transportation applications without significantly affecting bonding strength or durability. 
It is incorporated into thermoplastic materials such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyamide to meet strict fire safety standards in automotive interiors, electrical housings, and consumer electronics.

In the textile industry, Melamine Phosphate MP is applied as a finishing agent on fabrics used for upholstery, curtains, and protective clothing, because it provides durable flame resistance without greatly altering the softness, color, or flexibility of the fabric. 
It is also utilized in decorative laminates and paper products to enhance fire safety in furniture and interior design applications.

Because of its synergistic properties, melamine phosphate is frequently combined with other flame retardants, such as melamine polyphosphate, pentaerythritol, or ammonium polyphosphate, to achieve higher levels of char formation and improved thermal stability in intumescent coatings. 
These coatings are widely used on structural steel in buildings, tunnels, and industrial facilities, where they protect critical components by delaying temperature rise during a fire.

Melamine Phosphate MP finds application in rubber compounds, foamed plastics, and thermoplastic elastomers to improve their flame retardancy while maintaining flexibility and mechanical strength. 
Its non‑corrosive nature and low smoke emission make it suitable for use in enclosed spaces, such as ships, trains, and aircraft, where fire safety requirements are particularly stringent.