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Microcrystalline wax is commonly used in cosmetic formulations.
Microcrystalline wax is a refined petroleum-derived wax made from the de-oiling of heavy petroleum residues.
Microcrystalline wax is composed of highly branched and cyclic saturated hydrocarbons, which makes it structurally different from paraffin wax.
CAS Number: 63231-60-7
EINECS Number: 264-038-1
Synonyms: Microcrystalline Wax, 63231-60-7, Hydrocarbon waxes, microcrystalline, Floorwax;VANFRE HYP;VANFRE M;VANFRE UN;Multiwax ML-445;Multiwax W-835;Multiwax(R) , 180-W;Multiwax(R) , W-835
Microcrystalline wax occurs as odorless and tasteless waxy lumps or flakes containing small irregularly shaped crystals.
Microcrystalline wax may vary in color from white to yellow, amber, brown, or black depending on the grade of material; pharmaceutical grades are usually white or yellow.
Microcrystalline waxes are a type of wax produced by de-oiling petrolatum, as part of the petroleum refining process.
In contrast to the more familiar paraffin wax which contains mostly unbranched alkanes, microcrystalline wax contains a higher percentage of isoparaffinic (branched) hydrocarbons and naphthenic hydrocarbons.
Microcrystalline wax is characterized by the fineness of its crystals in contrast to the larger crystal of paraffin wax.
Microcrystalline wax consists of high molecular weight saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Microcrystalline wax is generally darker, more viscous, denser, tackier and more elastic than paraffin waxes, and has a higher molecular weight and melting point.
The elastic and adhesive characteristics of microcrystalline waxes are related to the non-straight chain components which they contain.
Typical microcrystalline wax crystal structure is small and thin, making them more flexible than paraffin wax.
Microcrystalline wax is a solid, opaque to translucent, and highly flexible wax used mainly in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food coatings, adhesives, and industrial applications because of its strong moisture barrier, elasticity, and stability.
It is produced as a by-product of petroleum refining.
Microcrystalline wax improves material utilization and industrial efficiency.
Microcrystalline wax consists of long-chain saturated hydrocarbons (iso-paraffins and naphthenes) with a higher molecular weight and more branching than paraffin wax.
This structure gives it higher viscosity, stickiness, and flexibility.
Microcrystalline wax improves mechanical strength and adhesive properties.
Physically, it is a soft, tacky, and elastic wax with a higher melting point range (typically 60–90°C) compared to paraffin wax.
Microcrystalline wax is less brittle and more resistant to cracking or crystallization.
This improves durability and functional performance.
Microcrystalline wax acts as a binding agent, thickener, moisture barrier, and stabilizer in many formulations.
Its structure allows it to form flexible protective films on surfaces.
Microcrystalline wax improves product protection and structural stability.
Microcrystalline wax is best described as a flexible petroleum-based wax used in cosmetics, packaging, pharmaceuticals, and industrial products due to its high stability, moisture resistance, and adhesive properties.
Microcrystalline wax is important in formulation science, because its performance depends strongly on its crystal structure and branching level, which makes it very different from regular paraffin wax.
Its fine crystalline network allows it to trap oils and other ingredients inside a stable matrix.
Microcrystalline wax improves texture control and formulation stability.
In rheology control (flow behavior of materials), it is used to modify viscosity and elasticity in semi-solid systems like creams, greases, and adhesives.
Even small additions can significantly change how a material flows under pressure.
Microcrystalline wax improves mechanical tuning and product consistency.
In temperature-sensitive product design, microcrystalline wax helps stabilize formulations across heat fluctuations because it does not crystallize sharply like paraffin wax.
Microcrystalline wax prevents separation or cracking in hot or cold environments.
Microcrystalline wax improves thermal stability and product durability.
In cosmetic sensory engineering, it is used to control “payoff” in products like lipstick—meaning how easily the product transfers and spreads on skin.
Microcrystalline wax balances hardness with smooth glide.
Microcrystalline wax improves user experience and application quality.
In pharmaceutical controlled-release systems, microcrystalline wax can act as a matrix material, slowing down the release of active ingredients by forming a semi-occlusive barrier.
storage temp.: 2-8°C
solubility: Soluble in benzene, chloroform, and ether; slightly soluble in ethanol; practically insoluble in water. When melted, microcrystalline wax is miscible with volatile oils and most warm fixed oils.
Odor: at 100.00%. odorless
Major Application: pharmaceutical (small molecules)
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: VISCOSITY CONTROLLING
BULKING
BINDING
OPACIFYING
EMULSION STABILISING
Microcrystalline wax is a complex combination of long, branched chain hydrocarbons obtained from residual oils by solvent crystallization.
Microcrystalline wax consists predominantly of saturated straight and branched chain hydrocarbons predominantly greater than C35.
The wax is used to modify the crystal structure of other waxes (particularly paraffin wax) present in a mixture so that changes in crystal structure, usually exhibited over a period of time, do not occur.
Microcrystalline wax also minimizes the sweating or bleeding of oils from blends of oils and waxes. Microcrystalline wax generally has a higher melting point than paraffin wax, and higher viscosity when molten, thereby increasing the consistency of creams and ointments when incorporated into such formulations.
Microcrystalline waxes when produced by wax refiners are typically produced to meet a number of ASTM specifications.
These include congeal point (ASTM D938), needle penetration (ASTM D1321), color (ASTM D6045), and viscosity (ASTM D445).
Microcrystalline waxes can generally be put into two categories: "laminating" grades and "hardening" grades.
The laminating grades typically have a melting point of 140–175 °F (60–80 °C) and needle penetration of 25 or above.
The hardening grades will range from about 175–200 °F (80–93 °C), and have a needle penetration of 25 or below.
Color in both grades can range from brown to white, depending on the degree of processing done at the refinery level.
Microcrystalline wax is widely used in cosmetic formulations, especially in lipsticks, creams, and ointments, where it improves texture, structure, and moisture retention.
Its flexibility prevents products from becoming too brittle or cracking at different temperatures.
Microcrystalline wax improves cosmetic stability and sensory performance.
In pharmaceutical applications, it is used in ointments, creams, and drug delivery bases where it acts as a thickening agent and controlled-release matrix.
It helps maintain consistency and improves application on skin surfaces.
Microcrystalline wax improves drug formulation stability and effectiveness.
In food industry applications, microcrystalline wax is used as a coating agent for fruits, candies, and chewing gum to provide shine and moisture resistance.
It helps extend shelf life by reducing water loss and oxidation.
Microcrystalline wax improves food preservation and appearance.
In adhesives and hot-melt systems, it is used to modify viscosity and improve flexibility of glue products.
Microcrystalline wax helps control setting time and improves bonding strength.
This improves adhesive performance and processing control.
In rubber and tire industry, it is used as an additive to improve flexibility, prevent cracking, and enhance surface properties.
Microcrystalline wax helps reduce aging caused by environmental exposure.
Microcrystalline wax improves material durability and weather resistance.
In cosmetic stick products, such as deodorants and lip balms, it contributes to structural integrity while maintaining smooth application.
Microcrystalline wax prevents melting or deformation under moderate heat.
This improves product usability and heat resistance.
In paper and packaging coatings, it is used to provide water resistance and improve surface smoothness.
Microcrystalline wax acts as a protective barrier against moisture and air.
This improves packaging durability and product protection.
In industrial lubrication, it can be used as a component in grease formulations to adjust consistency and improve mechanical stability.
Microcrystalline wax enhances performance under pressure and temperature variation.
Microcrystalline wax improves lubrication reliability and equipment protection.
In electrical insulation, it is sometimes used in specialty coatings where moisture resistance and dielectric properties are required.
Microcrystalline wax helps protect components from environmental damage.
This improves electrical safety and component lifespan.
In art and conservation, it is occasionally used in restoration and preservation work as a protective coating for materials and artifacts.
Microcrystalline wax provides a stable, reversible barrier layer.
This improves preservation quality and material protection.
In cable and electrical insulation compounds, it is used in blends to improve moisture resistance and flexibility in protective coatings.
Microcrystalline waxs hydrophobic nature helps prevent water penetration.
Microcrystalline wax improves electrical insulation durability.
In corrosion protection systems, it is used as a protective coating for metal surfaces because it forms a water-repellent barrier that slows oxidation.
Microcrystalline wax is often used in temporary or storage protection coatings.
Microcrystalline wax improves metal preservation and storage safety.
In industrial polishing and finishing, it is used in compounds that improve surface gloss and reduce friction during finishing processes.
It helps produce smoother and more uniform surfaces.
Microcrystalline wax improves surface quality and aesthetic finish.
In printing inks and toners, it can be used to control rub resistance and improve print durability on paper or plastic surfaces.
Microcrystalline wax helps prevent smudging and improves adhesion.
This improves print quality and durability.
In food packaging engineering, microcrystalline wax is used not only as a coating but also as a moisture regulator in laminated structures, helping maintain flexibility while preventing water penetration.
Microcrystalline wax extends shelf stability in packaged goods.
This improves packaging performance and product protection.
In rubber modification, it is used to improve processing behavior and reduce surface cracking caused by ozone exposure and mechanical stress.
Microcrystalline wax helps stabilize rubber compounds over time.
This improves material lifespan and weather resistance.
Uses Of Microcrystalline wax:
Microcrystalline Wax USP reference standard, intended for use in specified quality tests and assays as specified in the USP compendia.
Microcrystalline wax is often used in industries such as tire and rubber, candles, adhesives, corrugated board, cosmetics, castings, and others.
Refineries may use blending facilities to combine paraffin and microcrystalline waxes; this is prevalent in the tire and rubber industries.
Microcrystalline wax is mainly used as a moisture barrier, thickener, stabilizer, and binding agent because it is flexible, adhesive, and resistant to cracking.
In cosmetics (lipsticks, creams, balms), it is used to improve texture and stability.
This improves product structure and skin feel.
In pharmaceutical ointments, it is used as a base and thickener.
This improves drug application and consistency.
In food coatings, it is used to protect and shine products.
This improves shelf life and appearance.
In adhesives and hot-melt glues, it is used to adjust viscosity and flexibility.
This improves bonding performance.
In industrial coatings and packaging, it is used as a moisture barrier.
This improves protection and durability.
Microcrystalline wax is mainly used in topical pharmaceutical formulations but is also used in some oral products.
Microcrystalline wax is generally regarded as a nontoxic and nonirritating material.
Microcrystalline wax is generally considered a low-toxicity and low-reactivity material, especially in refined grades used in cosmetics, food coatings, and pharmaceuticals.
However, hazards are mainly related to physical exposure and processing conditions rather than chemical toxicity.
The main hazard is mild skin irritation or clogging effects, particularly with prolonged or repeated contact in sensitive individuals.
Microcrystalline wax is generally non-irritating, but occlusive properties may contribute to skin discomfort in some cases.
Microcrystalline wax improves personal care awareness.
Eye contact may cause temporary mechanical irritation, especially from solid particles or molten wax.
Rinsing with water is sufficient for removal.
Microcrystalline wax improves basic handling safety.
Inhalation risk is low in solid form, but heating or processing (melting, spraying, or fumes) may produce vapors or aerosols that can irritate the respiratory tract.
Proper ventilation is required in industrial environments.
Microcrystalline wax improves workplace safety control.
At high temperatures, microcrystalline wax is combustible and can burn, producing smoke and combustion products similar to other hydrocarbons.
It should be kept away from open flames and strong heat sources.
Microcrystalline wax improves fire safety awareness.
From a toxicological perspective, it is considered chemically inert and not significantly absorbed by the body, which is why it is approved for use in food-contact and cosmetic applications in regulated forms.
Microcrystalline wax improves safety confidence in consumer products.
From an environmental perspective, microcrystalline wax is not readily biodegradable and can persist in the environment, although it is generally considered low in acute toxicity.
Proper disposal is recommended for large-scale industrial waste.
This improves environmental management awareness.
Microcrystalline wax is a low-hazard hydrocarbon material whose main risks are related to heat, combustion, and physical irritation rather than chemical toxicity, making it widely used in consumer and industrial products under controlled conditions.
Microcrystalline wax is mainly used as a texture modifier, moisture barrier, stabilizer, and structural wax because it is flexible, adhesive, and resistant to cracking.
In cosmetics (lipsticks, creams, balms), it is used to improve texture and stability.
Microcrystalline wax improves smooth application and structural integrity.
In pharmaceutical ointments, it is used as a base and release-modifying agent.
Microcrystalline wax improves drug delivery consistency.
In adhesives and sealants, it is used to control viscosity and flexibility.
This improves bonding performance and handling.
In food coatings and packaging, it is used to protect against moisture loss.
Microcrystalline wax improves shelf life and appearance.
In industrial coatings and corrosion protection, it is used as a protective barrier layer.
Microcrystalline wax improves durability and material preservation.
Microcrystalline wax is mainly used as a texture modifier, binder, moisture barrier, stabilizer, and structural wax because it is flexible, sticky, and resistant to cracking across temperature changes.
In cosmetics (lipsticks, creams, balms, deodorants), it is used to improve structure, smoothness, and product stability.
This improves application feel and prevents melting or cracking.
In pharmaceutical ointments and creams, it is used as a base material and thickening agent that helps control consistency and spreadability on the skin.
Microcrystalline wax improves drug delivery and formulation stability.
In food coatings and confectionery products, it is used to provide a protective, glossy layer that reduces moisture loss and improves shelf life.
Microcrystalline wax improves appearance and preservation.
In adhesives and hot-melt glue systems, it is used to adjust viscosity, flexibility, and setting behavior.
Microcrystalline wax improves bonding strength and processing control.
In rubber and tire manufacturing, it is used to improve flexibility, reduce cracking, and protect against ozone and weathering damage.
Microcrystalline wax improves material durability and lifespan.
In paper, packaging, and coating industries, it is used as a water-resistant barrier to improve moisture resistance and surface smoothness.
Microcrystalline wax improves packaging protection and durability.
In industrial greases and lubricants, it is used as a thickening and consistency-control agent in formulations.
Microcrystalline wax improves lubrication performance and mechanical stability.
In electrical and cable insulation, it is used in protective coatings to improve moisture resistance and dielectric stability.
This improves electrical safety and insulation performance.
In polishes and surface finishing products, it is used to enhance gloss, smoothness, and surface protection.
Microcrystalline wax improves visual appearance and surface quality.
In corrosion protection systems, it is used as a temporary protective coating for metals during storage and transport.
This improves metal preservation and reduces oxidation.
Safety Profile Of Microcrystalline wax:
Microcrystalline wax is generally considered a low-toxicity, chemically inert material, but its hazards are mainly related to heat, inhalation of fumes, and physical irritation during processing rather than chemical reactivity.
The main hazard is combustibility at high temperatures.
Although it is stable at room temperature, it can ignite and burn if exposed to open flame or excessive heat, producing smoke and combustion by-products typical of hydrocarbons.
This improves fire safety awareness.
When heated, microcrystalline wax may release vapors or fumes that can cause temporary respiratory irritation if inhaled in poorly ventilated areas.
Microcrystalline wax is mainly a concern in industrial melting or processing conditions.
Microcrystalline wax improves workplace ventilation control.
Eye contact with molten wax can cause thermal burns, since it is used in heated liquid form in many industrial processes.
Solid wax may also cause mild mechanical irritation.
Microcrystalline wax improves handling and thermal safety.
Skin contact is generally low risk, but prolonged exposure may cause mild occlusion effects, potentially leading to irritation in sensitive individuals.
Microcrystalline wax is not chemically toxic through skin absorption.
Microcrystalline wax improves personal care safety understanding.
From a toxicological perspective, refined microcrystalline wax is considered low systemic toxicity, which is why it is permitted in regulated food-contact and cosmetic applications.
