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A phosphate ion that is the conjugate base of hydrogenphosphate.
Phosphates derived out of orthophosphoric acid are called orthophosphates.
The most common phosphates are calcium dihydrogen phosphate [Ca(H2PO4)4], or single superphosphate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH4)2HPO4 or DAP.
CAS: 14265-44-2
MF: O4P-3
MW: 94.97
EINECS: 604-302-9
Synonyms
BETZ 0264;DIHYDROGEN SODIUM PHOSPHATE MONOHYDRATE;SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, HYDRATE;SODIUM PHOSPHATE MONOBASIC: MONOHYDRATE;SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, MONOHYDRATE;SODIUM PHOSPHATE MONOHYDRATE;SODIUM ACID PHOSPHATE;SODIUM ACID PHOSPHATE, MONOHYDRATE
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate is a chemical compound that includes sodium ions (Na+) and dihydrogen phosphate ions (H2PO4^-), compounded with a single molecule of water (H2O).
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate is a key reagent in many scientific applications, primarily due to its buffering capabilities.
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate is extensively used to create buffer solutions that maintain a stable pH in various research settings, particularly those involving biochemical and molecular biological processes.
The buffering mechanism of Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate operates through its capacity to moderate pH changes in a solution.
When in solution, Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate can react with strong bases by donating hydrogen ions (H+), thus neutralizing excess hydroxide ions (OH^-) and preventing sharp rises in pH.
Conversely, if the environmental pH tends to drop, indicating an acidic condition, the phosphate ion can accept additional H+ ions, thereby stabilizing the pH.
This capacity to maintain a steady pH is crucial for experiments in cellular biology, enzymology, and genetics, where even minor fluctuations in pH can impact the outcome significantly.
In practical applications, Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate is often employed in preparing phosphate buffer solutions used in DNA/RNA extractions, protein purification processes, and cell culture media, where precise pH control is vital for maintaining biological activity and structural stability of biomolecules.
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate's role is particularly critical in environments that require a specific, consistent pH to ensure accurate experimental results and reproducibility.
In chemistry, a phosphate is an anion, salt, functional group or ester derived from a phosphoric acid.
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate most commonly means orthophosphate, a derivative of orthophosphoric acid, a.k.a. phosphoric acid H3PO4.
The phosphate or orthophosphate ion [PO4]3− is derived from phosphoric acid by the removal of three protons H+.
Removal of one proton gives the dihydrogen phosphate ion [H2PO4]− while removal of two protons gives the hydrogen phosphate ion [HPO4]2−.
These names are also used for salts of those anions, such as ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and trisodium phosphate.
In organic chemistry, phosphate or orthophosphate is an organophosphate, an ester of orthophosphoric acid of the form PO4RR′R″ where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic groups.
An example is trimethyl phosphate, (CH3)3PO4.
The term also refers to the trivalent functional group OP(O−)3 in such esters.
Phosphates may contain sulfur in place of one or more oxygen atoms (thiophosphates and organothiophosphates).
Orthophosphates are especially important among the various phosphates because of their key roles in biochemistry, biogeochemistry, and ecology, and their economic importance for agriculture and industry.
The addition and removal of phosphate groups (phosphorylation and dephosphorylation) are key steps in cell metabolism.
Orthophosphates can condense to form pyrophosphates.
The chemical substance referred to as "Phosphate" with the CAS number 14265-44-2 is a specific form of phosphate, typically associated with its role in various biological and chemical processes.
Phosphates are salts or esters of phosphoric acid and contain the phosphate ion (PO4^3−).
They are characterized by their ability to form strong ionic bonds, making them soluble in water, which is crucial for their function in biological systems, such as energy transfer through ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and as a structural component of DNA and RNA.
Phosphates are also important in agriculture as fertilizers, enhancing plant growth by providing essential phosphorus.
In terms of chemical properties, Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate can exhibit varying degrees of acidity and can participate in acid-base reactions.
They are generally stable under normal conditions but can react with strong acids or bases.
Additionally, Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate can form complexes with metals, influencing their bioavailability and environmental behavior.
Overall, phosphates play a vital role in both ecological systems and industrial applications.
A phosphate ion that is the conjugate base of hydrogenphosphate.
Phosphate(3-) is a phosphate ion that is the conjugate base of hydrogenphosphate.
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate is a phosphate ion and a trivalent inorganic anion.
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate is a conjugate base of a hydrogenphosphate. Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid.
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate Chemical Properties
Melting point: 00 °C
density: 1.40 g/mL at 20 °C
storage temp.: -20°C
solubility: H2O: 5 M, clear, colorless
form: powder
color: Clear colorless
PH: 1.4 (20°C in H2O)
biological source: rabbit
Major Application: environmental
food and beverages
CAS DataBase Reference: 14265-44-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate (14265-44-2)
Uses
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate is an inorganic compounds.
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate is a essential nutrient, found in many organic compounds including nucleic acids and lipids.
Abundance of Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate has also been seen to promote cyanobacterial proliferation.
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate also promotes the forming of bones in the form of minerals in the apatite family.
Chemical properties
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate ion has a molar mass of 94.97 g/mol, and consists of a central phosphorus atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement.
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate is the conjugate base of the hydrogen phosphate ion [HPO4]2−, which in turn is the conjugate base of the dihydrogen phosphate ion [H2PO4]−, which in turn is the conjugate base of orthophosphoric acid, H3PO4.
Many phosphates are soluble in water at standard temperature and pressure.
The sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, and ammonium phosphates are all water-soluble.
Most other phosphates are only slightly soluble or are insoluble in water.
As a rule, the hydrogen and dihydrogen phosphates are slightly more soluble than the corresponding phosphates.
Production
Geological occurrence
Monobasic sodium phosphate monohydrate is the naturally occurring form of the element phosphorus, found in many phosphate minerals.
In mineralogy and geology, phosphate refers to a rock or ore containing phosphate ions.
Inorganic phosphates are mined to obtain phosphorus for use in agriculture and industry.
The largest global producer and exporter of phosphates is Morocco.
Within North America, the largest deposits lie in the Bone Valley region of central Florida, the Soda Springs region of southeastern Idaho, and the coast of North Carolina.
Smaller deposits are located in Montana, Tennessee, Georgia, and South Carolina.
The small island nation of Nauru and its neighbor Banaba Island, which used to have massive phosphate deposits of the best quality, have been mined excessively.
Rock phosphate can also be found in Egypt, Israel, Palestine, Western Sahara, Navassa Island, Tunisia, Togo, and Jordan, countries that have large phosphate-mining industries.
