PRODUCTS

MULTISOL C8 ACID

Multisol C8 acid (from the Latin word capra, meaning "goat"), also known under the systematic name octanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid and carboxylic acid with the structural formula CH3(CH2)6CO2H. It is a colorless oily liquid that is minimally soluble in water with a slightly unpleasant rancid-like smell and taste.[1] Salts and esters of octanoic acid are known as octanoates or caprylates. It is a common industrial chemical, which is produced by oxidation of the C8 aldehyde.[4] Its compounds are found naturally in the milk of various mammals and as a minor constituent of coconut oil and palm kernel oil.

MULTISOL C8 ACID

CAS No. : 124-07-2
EC No. : 204-677-5

Synonyms:
octanoic acid; caprylic acid; 124-07-2; 1-Heptanecarboxylic acid; Octylic acid; C8:0; Octoic acid n-octanoic acid; Octylic acid; n-caprylic acid; octoic acid; n-octylic acid; n-Octoic acid; neo-fat 8; 1-heptanecarboxylic acid; Enantic acid; multisol c8 acid; Octic acid; C-8 acid; Caprylsaeure; Kaprylsaeure; Hexacid 898; Acido octanoico; 0ctanoic acid; Acide octanoique; 1-octanoic acid; Acidum octanocium; Fatty acids, C6-10; FEMA No. 2799; Kyselina kaprylova; capryloate; C8:0; octylate; Octansaeure; Caprylic acid (natural); Acide octanoique [French]; Acido octanoico [Spanish]; Acidum octanocium [Latin]; Kyselina kaprylova [Czech]; NSC 5024; Octanoic acid [USAN:INN]; UNII-OBL58JN025; MULTISOL C8 ACID; OCTANOIC ACID (CAPRYLIC ACID); CCRIS 4689; HSDB 821; CHEBI:28837; Emery 657; Prifac 2901; Lunac 8-95; NSC-5024; Carboxylic acids, C5-9; EINECS 204-677-5; MFCD00004429; BRN 1747180; CH3-[CH2]6-COOH; AI3-04162; caprylic acid, zinc salt; OBL58JN025; caprylic acid, barium salt; caprylic acid, sodium salt; NSC5024; caprylic acid, cadmium salt; caprilate; EDENOR C 8-98-100; Caprylic acid, potassium salt; n-caprylate; caprylic acid, tin(+2) salt; n-octoate; n-octylate; caprylic acid, copper(+2) salt; Octanoic acid, 99%; NCGC00090957-01; C8H16O2; 1-heptanecarboxylate; OCA; CAS-124-07-2; CH3-[CH2]6-COO(-); caprylic acid, tin salt; caprylic acid, cesium salt; caprylic acid, cobalt salt; caprylic acid, copper salt; caprylic acid, ammonia salt; caprylic acid, calcium salt; caprylic acid, 14C-labeled; octanoicacid; caprylic acid, aluminum salt; caprylic acid, manganese salt; caprylic acid, zirconium salt; octanic acid; Caprilic acid; caprylic acid, iron(+3) salt; caprylic acid, lead(+2) salt; acidum octanoicum; octanoate radical; caprylic acid, iridum(+3) salt; caprylic acid, nickel(+2) salt; caprylic acid, chromium(+2) salt; caprylic acid, lanthanum(+3) salt; caprylic acid, ruthenium(+3) salt; caprylic acid, zirconium(+4) salt; EINECS 273-085-7; Acid C8; Octanoic acid radical; Caprylic acid (NF); Multisol C8 Acid; Kortacid 0899; Neo-Fat 8S; Caprylic Acid 657; Octanoate, ion(1-); caprylic acid, sodium salt, 11C-labeled; n-heptanecarboxylic acid; Octanoic acid (USAN); Fatty acids, C6-1O; ACMC-1BTHQ; Lunac 8-98; 7319-86-0; Heptane-1-carboxylic acid; Octanoic acid, >=98%; Octanoic acid, >=99%; bmse000502; Caprylic/Capric Acid Blend; CCCCCCCC([O])=O; EC 204-677-5; SCHEMBL3933; WLN: QV7; NCIOpen2_002902; NCIOpen2_009358; Octanoic acid (USAN/INN); Caprylic acid/ Octanoic acid; 4-02-00-00982 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); 68937-74-6; KSC174S6D; MLS002415762; Octanoic acid, >=96.0%; caprylic acid (octanoic acid); Octanoic acid (mixed isomers); CHEMBL324846; GTPL4585; Octanoic acid, >=98%, FG; QSPL 011; QSPL 184; DTXSID3021645; n-Octanoic Acid 124-07-2; CTK0H4961; KS-00000WZB; HMS2270A23; Octanoic acid, analytical standard; STR10050; LS-691; s6296; SBB060020; octanoic acid; caprylic acid; 124-07-2; n-octanoic acid; Octylic acid; n-caprylic acid; octoic acid; n-octylic acid; n-Octoic acid; neo-fat 8; 1-heptanecarboxylic acid; Enantic acid; multisol c8 acid; Octic acid; C-8 acid; Caprylsaeure; Kaprylsaeure; Hexacid 898; Acido octanoico; 0ctanoic acid; Acide octanoique; 1-octanoic acid; Acidum octanocium; Fatty acids, C6-10; FEMA No. 2799; Kyselina kaprylova; capryloate; C8:0; octylate; Octansaeure; Caprylic acid (natural); Acide octanoique [French]; Acido octanoico [Spanish]; Acidum octanocium [Latin]; Kyselina kaprylova [Czech]; NSC 5024; Octanoic acid [USAN:INN]; UNII-OBL58JN025; MULTISOL C8 ACID; OCTANOIC ACID (CAPRYLIC ACID); CCRIS 4689; HSDB 821; CHEBI:28837; Emery 657; Prifac 2901; Lunac 8-95; NSC-5024; Carboxylic acids, C5-9; EINECS 204-677-5; MFCD00004429; BRN 1747180; CH3-[CH2]6-COOH; AI3-04162; caprylic acid, zinc salt; OBL58JN025; caprylic acid, barium salt; caprylic acid, sodium salt; NSC5024; caprylic acid, cadmium salt; caprilate; EDENOR C 8-98-100; Caprylic acid, potassium salt; n-caprylate; caprylic acid, tin(+2) salt; n-octoate; n-octylate; caprylic acid, copper(+2) salt; Octanoic acid, 99%; NCGC00090957-01; C8H16O2; 1-heptanecarboxylate; OCA; CAS-124-07-2; CH3-[CH2]6-COO(-); caprylic acid, tin salt; caprylic acid, cesium salt; caprylic acid, cobalt salt; caprylic acid, copper salt; caprylic acid, ammonia salt; caprylic acid, calcium salt; caprylic acid, 14C-labeled; octanoicacid; caprylic acid, aluminum salt; caprylic acid, manganese salt; caprylic acid, zirconium salt; octanic acid; Caprilic acid; caprylic acid, iron(+3) salt; caprylic acid, lead(+2) salt; acidum octanoicum; octanoate radical; caprylic acid, iridum(+3) salt; caprylic acid, nickel(+2) salt; caprylic acid, chromium(+2) salt; caprylic acid, lanthanum(+3) salt; caprylic acid, ruthenium(+3) salt; caprylic acid, zirconium(+4) salt; EINECS 273-085-7; Acid C8; Octanoic acid radical; Caprylic acid (NF); Multisol C8 Acid; Kortacid 0899; Neo-Fat 8S; Caprylic Acid 657; Octanoate, ion(1-); caprylic acid, sodium salt, 11C-labeled; n-heptanecarboxylic acid; STL282742; AKOS000118802; Octanoic acid, natural, >=98%, FG; DB04519; FA(8:0); MCULE-5193957469; NE10316; Octanoic acid, for synthesis, 99.5%; Octanoic acid, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R); UNII-13FB83DEYU component WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N; UNII-DI775RT244 component WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N; 43FDA9D7-2300-41E7-A373-A34F25B81553; Caprylic acid, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard; UNII-79P21R4317 component WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N; Caprylic acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; Caprylic Acid (Octanoic Acid), Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

Multisol C8 Acid

Uses of Multisol C8 acid
Multisol C8 acid is used commercially in the production of esters used in perfumery and also in the manufacture of dyes.
Multisol C8 acid is an antimicrobial pesticide used as a food contact surface sanitizer in commercial food handling establishments on dairy equipment, food processing equipment, breweries, wineries, and beverage processing plants. It is also used as disinfectant in health care facilities, schools/colleges, animal care/veterinary facilities, industrial facilities, office buildings, recreational facilities, retail and wholesale establishments, livestock premises, restaurants, and hotels/motels. In addition, Multisol C8 acid is used as an algicide, bactericide, fungicide, and herbicide in nurseries, greenhouses, garden centers, and interiors, and on ornamentation. Products containing Multisol C8 acid are formulated as soluble concentrate/liquids and ready-to-use liquids.

Multisol C8 acid plays an important role in the body's regulation of energy input and output, a function which is performed by the hormone ghrelin. The sensation of hunger is a signal that the body requires an input of energy in the form of food consumption. Ghrelin stimulates hunger by triggering receptors in the hypothalamus. In order to activate these receptors, ghrelin must undergo a process called acylation in which it acquires an -OH group, and Multisol C8 acid provides this by linking at a specific site on ghrelin molecules. Other fatty acids in the same position have similar effects on hunger.
Multisol C8 acid is currently being researched as a treatment for essential tremor.
The acid chloride of Multisol C8 acid is used in the synthesis of perfluorooctanoic acid.

Dietary uses of Multisol C8 acid
See also: Medium-chain triglyceride § Dietary relevance
Multisol C8 acid is taken as a dietary supplement. In the body, Multisol C8 acid would be found as octanoate, or unprotonated Multisol C8 acid.
Some studies have shown that medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) can help in the process of excess calorie burning, and thus weight loss; however, a systematic review of the evidence concluded that the overall results are inconclusive.[14] Also, interest in MCTs has been shown by endurance athletes and the bodybuilding community, but MCTs have not been found to be beneficial to improved exercise performance.
Multisol C8 acid has been studied as part of a ketogenic diet to treat children with intractable epilepsy.

A simple methodology for hyperimmune horse plasma fractionation, based on Multisol C8 acid precipitation, is described. Optimal conditions for fractionation were studied; the method gives best results when concentrated Multisol C8 acid was added to plasma, whose pH had been adjusted to 5.8, until a final Multisol C8 acid concentration of 5% was reached. The mixture was vigorously stirred during Multisol C8 acid addition and then for 60 min; afterwards the mixture was filtered. Non-immunoglobulin proteins precipitated in these conditions, whereas a highly enriched immunoglobulin preparation was obtained in the filtrate, which was then dialysed to remove Multisol C8 acid before the addition of sodium chloride and phenol. Thus, antivenon was produced after a single precipitation step followed by dialysis. In order to compare this methodology with that based on ammonium sulfate fractionation, a sample of hyperimmune plasma was divided into two aliquots which were fractionated in parallel by both methods. It was found that Multisol C8 acid-fractionated antivenom was superior in terms of yield, production time, albumin/globulin ratio, turbidity, protein aggregates, electrophoretic pattern and neutralizing potency against several activities of Bothrops asper venom. Owing to its efficacy and simplicity, this method could be of great value in antivenom and antitoxin production laboratories.

Multisol C8 acid administered to rats is readily metabolized by the liver and many other tissues, forming carbon dioxide and two-carbon fragments, which are incorporated into long-chain fatty acids, as well as other water-soluble products.
Multisol C8 acid is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption, as long as 1) the quantity of the substance added to food does not exceed the amount reasonably required to accomplish its intended physical, nutritive, or other technical effect in food, and 2) any substance intended for use in or on food is of appropriate food grade and is prepared and handled as a food ingredient.

Distillation Range (°C) Boiling Point 240
Flash Point (°C) 1<30
Purity (%m/m) C8 @ Min 98
Density (@ 20°C)(*@15°C) 0.900

Multisol C8 acid appears as a colorless to light yellow liquid with a mild odor. Burns, but may be difficult to ignite. Corrosive to metals and tissue.
Children who suffer from seizures which are not controllable by drugs have apparently been successfully treated with MCT (medium chain triglyceride) diet. The MCT diet is an emulsion containing primarily (81%) Multisol C8 acid, but also contains 15% decanoic acid
Multisol C8 acid is a saturated medium-chain fatty acid with an 8-carbon backbone. Multisol C8 acid is found naturally in the milk of various mammals and is a minor component of coconut oil and palm kernel oil.

Children who suffer from seizures which are not controllable by drugs have apparently been successfully treated with MCT (medium chain triglyceride) diet. The MCT diet is an emulsion containing primarily (81%) Multisol C8 acid, but also contains 15% decanoic acid. In this study 15 children were receiving 50 to 60% of their energy requirement s from the MCT emulsion. Blood samples were analyzed for decanoic and Multisol C8 acid levels. There was a wide variation in absolute levels, possibly due to poor patient compliance, but all patients showed low levels in the mornings, rising to high levels in the evenings. This suggested that both acids are rapidly metabolized.

To assess the disposition kinetics of selected structural analogs of valproic acid, the pharmacokinetics of valproic acid and 3 structural analogs, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, l-methyl-l-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (1-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid; and Multisol C8 acid were examined in female rats. All 4 carboxylic acids evidenced dose-dependent disposition. A dose-related decrease in total body clearance was observed for each compound, suggesting saturable eiminination processes. The apparent volume of distribution for these compounds was, with the exception of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, dose-dependent, indicating that binding to proteins in serum and/or tissues may be saturable. Both valproic acid and 1-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid exhibited enterohepatic recirculation, which appeared to be dose- and compound-dependent. Significant quantities of both valproic acid and 1-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid were excreted in the urine as conjugates. Multisol C8 acid and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid were not excreted in the urine and did not evidence enterohepatic recirculation. It was concluded that minor changes in chemical structure of low molecular weight carboxylic acids have an influence on their metabolism and disposition.

For Multisol C8 acid (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code:128919) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses.
Multisol C8 acid is listed as a High Production Volume (HPV) chemical (65FR81686). Chemicals listed as HPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds in 1990 and/or 1994. The HPV list is based on the 1990 Inventory Update Rule. (IUR) (40 CFR part 710 subpart B; 51FR21438).
Daily application of 7.2% Multisol C8 acid in propanol under cover to the skin of 10 volunteers caused redness in 4 subjects after 2 days and in 8 after 6 days.
Multisol C8 acid and its sodium and potassium salts caused skin irritation in man and the acid was an eye irritant in rabbits.

Cytochrome oxidase activity was investigated histochemically in the choroid plexus epithelium. Intense staining for the enzyme was exclusively limited to the mitochondria. Rats treated with Multisol C8 acid displayed extensive ultrastructural disruptions in the epithelial cells of the choroid plexus. Mitochondria were fewer in number and more disrupted compared to the control. The enzyme activity was greatly reduced. However, pretreatment with an equimolar dose of L-carnitine followed by Multisol C8 acid injection produced little alteration of either ultrastructure or enzyme staining. This study suggests that L-carnitine supplementation may restore mitochondrial function of the choroid plexus subjected to toxic organic anions in metabolic disorders, and may be useful in the prevention of metabolic encephalopathy.

HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ In 25 subjects, covered contact with 1% Multisol C8 acid in petrolatum for 48 hr was not irritating.
The medium chain fatty acid Multisol C8 acid was injected i.p. into 20-22 g Swiss-Albino mice at a dose of 15 umol/g. This dose produced a reproducible response consisting of a 3-4 min period of drowsiness, followed by coma. These mice as well as suitable controls were sacrificed by rapid submersion in liquid N2, or by microwave irradiation in a 7.3 kW microwave oven. Tissue from the reticular formation and the inferior colliculus was prepared for microanalysis of the energy metabolites glucose, glycogen, ATP and phosphocreatine. Results from this study showed a selective effect on energy metabolism in cells of the reticular formation. Both glucose and glycogen were elevated in the coma and precoma state. In addition, ATP and phosphocreatine were decreased in the reticular formation during coma. These results show a selective effect of Multisol C8 acid on energy metabolism in the reticular formation both in the precoma stage, and during overt coma.

Multisol C8 acid's production and use in the synthesis of various dyes, drugs, perfumes, antiseptics and fungicides, in ore separations, synthetic flavors, hydraulic fluids, machining oils, flotation agents, and as a wood preservative may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Multisol C8 acid is a fatty acid and is widely distributed in nature as a component of animal and vegetable fats. Fatty acids are an important part of the normal daily diet of mammals, birds and invertebrates. Multisol C8 acid can occur naturally in essential oils and in cow milk fat. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 3.71X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates Multisol C8 acid will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase Multisol C8 acid will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1.9 days. If released to soil, undissociated Multisol C8 acid is expected to have low mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 1,100 for the free acid. The pKa of Multisol C8 acid is 4.89, indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon the pKa. Biodegradation of Multisol C8 acid in soil and water is expected to be an important fate process; Multisol C8 acid reached 32.8% of its theoretical oxygen demand after 24 hours using an activated sludge inoculum. If released into water, undissociated Multisol C8 acid is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc for the free acid. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based on the pKa. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to Multisol C8 acid may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Multisol C8 acid is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to Multisol C8 acid via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing Multisol C8 acid.

The Multisol C8 acid content in milk fat of cows ranges from 0.53 to 1.04% of total fatty acids, with an average Multisol C8 acid content of 0.79% of total fatty acids(1). The compound is a carboxylic acid that is also known as a fatty acid because fatty acids were first isolated by the hydrolysis of naturally occurring fats(2). Fatty acids are widely distributed in nature as components of animal and vegetable fats(3) including lipids such as oils and fats, waxes, sterol esters and other minor compounds(2).
Multisol C8 acid's production and use in the synthesis of various dyes, drugs, perfumes, antiseptics and fungicides, in ore separations, synthetic flavors(1), hydraulic fluids, machining oils, flotation agents, and as a wood preservative(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1,100 for the free acid(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 3.05(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that undissociated Multisol C8 acid is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of Multisol C8 acid is 4.89(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). Volatilization of Multisol C8 acid from moist soil is not expected to be an important fate process because the acid is in the anion form and anions do not volatilize(SRC). Multisol C8 acid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 3.71X10-3 mm Hg(6). In Warburg respirometer tests using an activated sludge seed, Multisol C8 acid reached 9.8, 20.4, and 32.8% of its theoretical oxygen demand after 6, 12, and 24 hours incubation, respectively(7), suggesting that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1,100 for the free acid(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 3.05(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that undissociated Multisol C8 acid is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 4.89(4) indicates Multisol C8 acid will exist almost entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). In Warburg respirometer tests using an activated sludge seed, Multisol C8 acid reached 9.8, 20.4, and 32.8% of its theoretical oxygen demand after 6, 12, and 24 hours incubation, respectively(8), suggesting that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), Multisol C8 acid, which has a vapor pressure of 3.71X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase Multisol C8 acid is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1.9 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 8.3X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Multisol C8 acid does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(4).

AEROBIC: Multisol C8 acid reached 43, 53, 64 and 63% of its theoretical BOD after 2, 5, 10, and 30 days, respectively using a domestic sewage inoculum and an Multisol C8 acid concn of 3.0 ppm(1). 100% decreases in initial Multisol C8 acid concns of 0.5 mg/L and 4.3 mg/L were observed after 21 days incubation in aerobic mixed bacterial cultures obtained from trench leachate at low-level radioactive waste disposal sites in Maxey Flats, KY and West Valley, NY, respectively(2). Multisol C8 acid reached 60% of its theoretical oxygen demand after 5 days using a sewage seed(3). After a lag period of 2.2 days, Multisol C8 acid present at a concn of 10,000 ppm, reached 60, 66, and 68% of its theoretical BOD after 5, 10, and 20 days, respectively using a sewage seed(4). Use of an adapted sewage seed reduced the lag period to 1.6 days, after which Multisol C8 acid reached 60, 69, and 70% of its theoretical BOD after 5, 10, and 20 days, respectively(4). In Warburg respirometer tests using an activated sludge seed, Multisol C8 acid, present at a concn of 500 ppm, reached 9.8, 20.4, and 32.8% of its theoretical oxygen demand after 6, 12, and 24 hours incubation, respectively(5). After 24 hours incubation, Multisol C8 acid, present at a concn of 500 ppm, reached 5 and 59% of its theoretical oxygen demand using activated sludge inoculum from two different municipal sources(5). In a Warburg test using an activated sludge inoculum acclimated to phenol, Multisol C8 acid, present at a concn of 500 ppm, reached 20% of its theoretical BOD after 12 hours(6). Two bacterial soil isolants were able to utilize octanoate as a growth substrate(7). A total organic carbon removal ratio of 97% was observed for Multisol C8 acid using a non-acclimated activated sludge and an initial Multisol C8 acid concn of 100 mg total organic carbon/L(8).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of Multisol C8 acid with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 8.3X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 1.9 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Multisol C8 acid is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). Multisol C8 acid does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(3).
The Koc of undissociated Multisol C8 acid is estimated as 1,100 for the free acid(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.05(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that undissociated Multisol C8 acid is expected to have low mobility in soil. The pKa of Multisol C8 acid is 4.89(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5).

Multisol C8 acid was detected in aqueous industrial effluent extracts collected between Nov 1979-81 in the following industrial categories (concentration in one effluent extract): paint and ink (119 ng/uL); printing and publishing (279 ng/uL); ore mining (43 ng/uL); organics and plastics (266 ng/uL); pulp and paper (399 ng/uL); rubber processing (1511 ng/uL); auto and other laundries (139 ng/uL); electronics (114 ng/uL); mechanical products (4976 ng/uL); and publicly owned treatment works at an unknown concn(1). Multisol C8 acid was detected in the leachate of a sanitary landfill located in Barcelona, Spain at an unreported concn(2). Oil shale retort water from the Kerosene Creek seam of the Rundle deposit, Queensland, Australia, was found to contain Multisol C8 acid at a concn of 270 mg/L(3). Multisol C8 acid was detected in groundwater from a landfill well near Norman, OK at an estimated concn of 0.6 ug/L(4). A grab sample, obtained in April 1980, of the final effluent from the Addison, IL Publicly Owned Treatment Works was found to contain Multisol C8 acid at an unreported concn(5). Multisol C8 acid was detected in Los Angeles County wastewater treatment plant effluent, collected between Nov 1980 and Aug 1981, at a concn of 400 ug/L(6). Multisol C8 acid was identified in the acidic fraction of sewage and sludge from the Iona Island Sewage Treatment Plant, British Columbia(7). Groundwater samples contaminated by industrial pollution near Barcelona, Spain were found to contain Multisol C8 acid at concns ranging from <5 to 27 ng/L(8).

Food Survey Values
Multisol C8 acid was identified as a volatile component of raw beef(1). Multisol C8 acid has been identified as a volatile flavor component of mutton and beef(2). Multisol C8 acid was a volatile constituent detected in strawberry jam at a concn of 2.9 mg/kg(3). Multisol C8 acid was found in popcorn using wet extraction method at 19 ug/kg(4). Multisol C8 acid was found as a volatile component of raw and roasted earth-almond (Cyperus esculentus l.).
NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 222,149 workers (8,182 of these were female) were potentially exposed to Multisol C8 acid in the US(1). Occupational exposure to Multisol C8 acid may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Multisol C8 acid is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to Multisol C8 acid via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing Multisol C8 acid(SRC).

Benefits of Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid)
Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) is one of the three fatty acids found in coconut oil. It’s a medium-chain fatty acid with potent antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties make Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) a helpful treatment for many conditions. It’s used to treat yeast infections, skin conditions, digestive disorders, and high cholesterol. It’s also used to lower the risk of antibiotic resistance. You can take Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) orally or apply it to your skin.

Yeast infections
Candida yeast infections are a common medical problem. Candida infections are fungal infections. They can cause vaginal yeast infections, nail fungus, and oral thrush. The antifungal properties of Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) are thought to kill and reduce yeast.
A 2011 studyTrusted Source found that Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) was effective in treating some candida infections. Some scientists believe that Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) is so effective because it can break down the membranes of candida cells. A procedure called oil pulling is sometimes used as a remedy for oral thrush. Oil pulling involves swishing coconut oil in the mouth for 10 to 20 minutes at a time. Ingesting a tablespoon or two a day can also help combat yeast infections that occur within the body.

Skin conditions
Just as Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) can treat yeast infections, it can also help treat certain skin conditions. This is largely thanks to its antibacterial and antimicrobial properties. These help it kill off bacteria that live in the skin.
Dermatophilosis is a skin condition caused by a bacterial infection that can result in painful, dry scabs. One natural remedy involves applying coconut oil directly to the affect areas. This can help fight off the bacterial infection and soothe the dry skin.
Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) is also thought to help treat one of the most common skin conditions of all: acne. Coconut oil is often used as a homeopathic acne treatment. This is because it can fight the bacterial infections that sometimes cause acne. A 2014 studyTrusted Source found that Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) is effective at treating acne thanks to its antimicrobial and antibacterial properties.
Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) is sometimes also used as a natural remedy for conditions like eczema or psoriasis.

Digestive disorders
There is some evidence that Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) can help patients who have certain digestive disorders. The anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) can help treat conditions like inflammatory bowel disorder or irritable bowel syndrome. Both of these conditions involve inflammation and sometimes bacterial infections in the digestive system. The antibacterial properties may also help patients with Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis.
Consult your doctor before using Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) or coconut oil to treat a digestive disorder. Both can sometimes cause stomach upset.

Antibiotic resistance
Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem around the world. Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) can potentially help lower the risk of antibiotic resistance. Doctors may be able to avoid prescribing antibiotics by treating some bacterial infections with coconut oil or Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid). This approach could help defeat bacteria without strengthening it through antibiotic exposure.
A 2005 studyTrusted Source found that Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) was successful in reducing five different types of bacteria in contaminated milk, including E. coli. The study recommended considering Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) as an alternative treatment for bacterial infections.

Cholesterol
Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) is a medium-chain fatty acid. These fatty acids have been proven to have a positive effect on lowering high cholesterol. A 2006 animal studyTrusted Source found that the subjects that were fed structured triglyceride oils had lower blood cholesterol levels and lower aortic accumulation of cholesterol than those who were not.
A 2013 study supported these findings. Those given Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) reported unaffected HDL, or “good” cholesterol levels. They also reported lower levels of LDL, or “bad” cholesterol.

How to get Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid)
You can reap the benefits of Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) by ingesting coconut oil or applying it to the skin. Start by adding one tablespoon or less of coconut oil to your diet a day to make sure you can tolerate it. People ingest coconut oil as is or melted. You can also add it to other foods. Try blending it into a smoothie! Working coconut oil into your diet is generally a safe way to help you reap the benefits of Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid).
Coconut oil is one of the more popular ways to get your daily dose of Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid). There are several other options. Palm oil and human breast milk both contain Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid). Multisol C8 acid (caprylic acid) is also available in supplement form. It can be found in vitamin shops, some health food stores, or online.

What is Multisol C8 acid?
Multisol C8 acid is a medium-chain fatty acid that is found in palm oil, coconut oil, and the milk of humans and bovines.
Multisol C8 acid is taken by mouth for epilepsy (seizures), low levels of the blood protein albumin in people undergoing dialysis, digestive disorders such as dysbiosis (abnormal levels of bacteria in the stomach), abnormal absorption of fats, and chylothorax (leakage of a substance called chyle into the chest cavity).
When taken as part of a ketogenic or medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) diet, Multisol C8 acid seems to help reduce the number of seizures in people with epilepsy. However, side effects and difficulty following the diet seem to limit its long-term use. More evidence is needed to rate Multisol C8 acid for this use.

How does Multisol C8 acid work?
Multisol C8 acid might lower blood pressure in some people. It can also be given to people as part of a test used to measure gastric emptying.

Are there safety concerns?
Multisol C8 acid is LIKELY SAFE for most people when taken by mouth in food amounts or when used at approved doses for nutritional supplementation and in tests to measure stomach emptying. It can cause some side effects, including nausea, bloating, and diarrhea.
Multisol C8 acid is POSSIBLY SAFE when taken by mouth as part of a ketogenic diet or a diet high in medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) under the guidance of a physician. However, diets containing high amounts of Multisol C8 acid might cause constipation, vomiting, stomach pain, low levels of calcium in the blood, drowsiness, or growth problems.
Multisol C8 acid is LIKELY UNSAFE when taken by mouth by people with a condition known as medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency. People with this condition are not able to break down Multisol C8 acid appropriately. This can lead to increased levels of Multisol C8 acid in the blood, which may increase the risk of comas.

Special Precautions & Warnings:
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Not enough is known about the use of Multisol C8 acid during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.
Liver disease: Multisol C8 acid is broken down by the liver. There is some concern that people with liver disease might not be able to break down Multisol C8 acid. This might cause blood levels of Multisol C8 acid to increase. However, other research suggests that people with liver disease are still able to break down Multisol C8 acid. Until more is known, use with caution.
Low blood pressure (hypotension): Multisol C8 acid can lower blood pressure. In theory, Multisol C8 acid might cause blood pressure to go too low if used by people prone to low blood pressure. Use with caution. Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency: People with MCAD deficiency are not able to break down Multisol C8 acid appropriately. This can lead to increased levels of Multisol C8 acid in the blood, which might increase the risk of comas. Avoid using.
Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency: People with MCAD deficiency are not able to break down Multisol C8 acid appropriately. This can lead to increased levels of Multisol C8 acid in the blood, which might increase the risk of comas. Avoid using.