MULTISOL ISO-C9 ACID

MULTISOL ISO-C9 ACID

CAS No. : 26896-18-4
EC No. : 693-19-6

Synonyms:
Isononanoic Acid; 3,5,5-TRIMETHYLHEXANOIC ACID; Pelargonic acid; Multisol Iso-C9 Acid; ISONONANOIC ACID; 7-methyloctanoic acid; 26896-18-4; 693-19-6; Octanoic acid, 7-methyl-; Isononanoicacid; 7-methyl-octanoic acid; 7-methyl caprylic acid; UNII-M3MIU88L6U; M3MIU88L6U; tert-Nonanoic acid; Isononansaure; isononanic acid; iso-nonanoic acid; 7-Methyloctansaeure; 7-Methyl-octansaeure; 7-methylcaprylic acid; SCHEMBL254102; Isononansaure; I-NONANOICACID; ISONONANOIC ACID; Methyloctanoicacid; 7-methylcaprylic acid; 7-METHYL OCTANOIC ACID; octanoic acid; caprylic acid; 124-07-2; 1-Heptanecarboxylic acid; Octylic acid; C9:0; Octoic acid n-octanoic acid; Octylic acid; n-caprylic acid; octoic acid; n-octylic acid; n-Octoic acid; neo-fat 8; 1-heptanecarboxylic acid; Enantic acid; multisol C9 acid; Octic acid; C-8 acid; Caprylsaeure; Kaprylsaeure; Hexacid 898; Acido octanoico; 0ctanoic acid; Acide octanoique; 1-octanoic acid; Acidum octanocium; Fatty acids, C6-10; FEMA No. 2799; Kyselina kaprylova; capryloate; C9:0; octylate; Octansaeure; Caprylic acid (natural); Acide octanoique [French]; Acido octanoico [Spanish]; Acidum octanocium [Latin]; Kyselina kaprylova [Czech]; NSC 5024; Octanoic acid [USAN:INN]; UNII-OBL58JN025; MULTISOL C9 ACID; OCTANOIC ACID (CAPRYLIC ACID); CCRIS 4689; HSDB 821; CHEBI:28837; Emery 657; Prifac 2901; Lunac 8-95; NSC-5024; Carboxylic acids, C5-9; EINECS 204-677-5; MFCD00004429; BRN 1747180; CH3-[CH2]6-COOH; AI3-04162; caprylic acid, zinc salt; OBL58JN025; caprylic acid, barium salt; caprylic acid, sodium salt; NSC5024; caprylic acid, cadmium salt; caprilate; EDENOR C 8-98-100; Caprylic acid, potassium salt; n-caprylate; caprylic acid, tin(+2) salt; n-octoate; n-octylate; caprylic acid, copper(+2) salt; Octanoic acid, 99%; NCGC00090957-01; C9H16O2; 1-heptanecarboxylate; OCA; CAS-124-07-2; CH3-[CH2]6-COO(-); caprylic acid, tin salt; caprylic acid, cesium salt; caprylic acid, cobalt salt; caprylic acid, copper salt; caprylic acid, ammonia salt; caprylic acid, calcium salt; caprylic acid, 14C-labeled; octanoicacid; caprylic acid, aluminum salt; caprylic acid, manganese salt; caprylic acid, zirconium salt; octanic acid; Caprilic acid; caprylic acid, iron(+3) salt; caprylic acid, lead(+2) salt; acidum octanoicum; octanoate radical; caprylic acid, iridum(+3) salt; caprylic acid, nickel(+2) salt; caprylic acid, chromium(+2) salt; caprylic acid, lanthanum(+3) salt; caprylic acid, ruthenium(+3) salt; caprylic acid, zirconium(+4) salt; EINECS 273-085-7; Acid C9; Octanoic acid radical; Caprylic acid (NF); Multisol C9 Acid; Kortacid 0899; Neo-Fat 8S; Caprylic Acid 657; Octanoate, ion(1-); caprylic acid, sodium salt, 11C-labeled; n-heptanecarboxylic acid; Octanoic acid (USAN); Fatty acids, C6-1O; ACMC-1BTHQ; Lunac 8-98; 7319-86-0; Heptane-1-carboxylic acid; n-Decanoic Acid; Capric Acid; Multisol C9 acid; Decanoic acid; CAPRIC ACID; 334-48-5; n-Decanoic acid; n-Capric acid; Decoic acid; Decylic acid; Caprinic acid; n-Decylic acid; Caprynic acid; Isononanoic Acid; 3,5,5-TRIMETHYLHEXANOIC ACID; Pelargonic acid; Multisol Iso-C9 Acid; ISONONANOIC ACID; 7-methyloctanoic acid; 26896-18-4; 693-19-6; Octanoic acid, 7-methyl-; Isononanoicacid; 7-methyl-octanoic acid; 7-methyl caprylic acid; UNII-M3MIU88L6U; M3MIU88L6U; tert-Nonanoic acid; Isononansaure; isononanic acid; iso-nonanoic acid; 7-Methyloctansaeure; 7-Methyl-octansaeure; 7-methylcaprylic acid; SCHEMBL254102; Isononansaure; I-NONANOICACID; ISONONANOIC ACID; Methyloctanoicacid; 7-methylcaprylic acid; 7-METHYL OCTANOIC ACID; octanoic acid; caprylic acid; 124-07-2; 1-Heptanecarboxylic acid; Octylic acid; C9:0; Octoic acid n-octanoic acid; Octylic acid; n-caprylic acid; octoic acid; n-octylic acid; n-Octoic acid; neo-fat 8; 1-heptanecarboxylic acid; Enantic acid; multisol C9 acid; Octic acid; C-8 acid; Caprylsaeure; Kaprylsaeure; Hexacid 898; Acido octanoico; 0ctanoic acid; Acide octanoique; 1-octanoic acid; n-Decoic acid; 1-Nonanecarboxylic acid; Neo-fat 10; Hexacid 1095; tert-DECANOIC ACID; C9 fatty acid; Versatic 10; Versatic 10 acid; Fatty acid(C9); NSC 5025; Econosan Acid Sanitizer; Decanoic acid (natural); C9:0; UNII-4G9EDB6V73; FEMA No. 2364; CCRIS 4610; HSDB 2751; Emery 659; EINECS 206-376-4; MFCD00004441; EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 128955; BRN 1754556; AI3-04453; 4G9EDB6V73; CHEBI:30813; caprynate; decoate; decylate; C9H20O2; n-caprate; n-decoate; n-decylate; Lead caprate; Decanoic acid, 99%; NCGC00091320-02; 1-nonanecarboxylate; Decanoic acid anion; DSSTox_CID_1554; Lead(2+) decanoate; DSSTox_RID_76208; DSSTox_GSID_21554; DKA; Capricacid; CAS-334-48-5; Dekansaeure; Kaprinsaeure; 1-decanoic acid; nonanecarboxylic acid; Nat. Decanoic Acid; Prifrac 296; Prifac 296; Acid C9; Decanoic acid, 96%; Prifac 2906; 15773-52-1; Nonane-1-carboxylic acid; ACMC-1CKM4; Lunac 10-95; Lunac 10-98; bmse000370; SCHEMBL2682; WLN: QV9; CCCCCCCCCC([O])=O; Decanoic acid (Capric acid); 4-02-00-01041 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); Decanoic acid 334-48-5; Decanoic acid, >=98.0%; KSC222I3L; MLS002415724; CH3-[CH2]8-COOH; Decanoic acid, >=98.0% (GC); Tox21_113533; Tox21_202209; Tox21_300366; ANW-27636; LMFA01010010; s6906; SBB060022; STL445666; Decanoic acid, >=98%, FCC, FG; AKOS000119623; Fatty acids C7to C20: decanoic acid; AS-14704; FA(10:0); LS-59338; M249; SMR001252255; SY061635; D0017; Decanoic acid, natural, >=98%, FCC, FG

Multisol Iso-C9 Acid

Multisol iso-C9 acid, also called nonanoic acid, is an organic compound with structural formula CH3(CH2)7CO2H. It is a nine-carbon fatty acid. Nonanoic acid is a colorless oily liquid with an unpleasant, rancid odor. It is nearly insoluble in water, but very soluble in organic solvents. The esters and salts of Multisol iso-C9 acid are called pelargonates or nonanoates.
Preparation, occurrence, and uses
Multisol iso-C9 acid occurs naturally as esters in the oil of pelargonium. Together with azelaic acid, it is produced industrially by ozonolysis of oleic acid.
H17C9CH=CHC7H14CO2H + 4O → HO2CC7H14CO2H + H17C9CO2H
Synthetic esters of Multisol iso-C9 acid, such as methyl pelargonate, are used as flavorings. Multisol iso-C9 acid is also used in the preparation of plasticizers and lacquers. The derivative 4-nonanoylmorpholine is an ingredient in some pepper sprays. The ammonium salt of Multisol iso-C9 acid, ammonium pelargonate, is an herbicide. It is commonly used in conjunction with glyphosate, a non-selective herbicide, for a quick burn-down effect in the control of weeds in turfgrass.

Pharmacological effects
Multisol iso-C9 acid may be more potent than valproic acid in treating seizures.[3] Moreover, in contrast to valproic acid, Multisol iso-C9 acid exhibited no effect on HDAC inhibition, suggesting that it is unlikely to show HDAC inhibition-related teratogenicity.

Taste Description:fatty
Multisol iso-C9 acid is one of the acids mainly responsible for the so-called "soo" odour of mutton. The analogue 4-Ethyloctanoic acid (found in Virginia tobacco and Costus root oil) also has a related goaty odor; this analog has the lowest threshold of all the fatty acids at 1.8 ppb. Multisol iso-C9 acid is used in flavours for cheese, meat, tobacco and (possibly) fish. Normal use levels in finished consumer product: up to 3 ppm.

Distillation Range (°C) Boiling Point 235
Flash Point (°C) 120
Purity (%m/m) C9’s @ min 99
Density (@ 20°C)(*@15°C) 0.899

Multisol iso-C9 acid plays an important role in the body's regulation of energy input and output, a function which is performed by the hormone ghrelin. The sensation of hunger is a signal that the body requires an input of energy in the form of food consumption. Ghrelin stimulates hunger by triggering receptors in the hypothalamus. In order to activate these receptors, ghrelin must undergo a process called acylation in which it acquires an -OH group, and Multisol iso-C9 acid provides this by linking at a specific site on ghrelin molecules. Other fatty acids in the same position have similar effects on hunger.
Multisol iso-C9 acid is currently being researched as a treatment for essential tremor.
The acid chloride of Multisol iso-C9 acid is used in the synthesis of perfluorooctanoic acid.

Dietary uses of Multisol iso-C9 acid
See also: Medium-chain triglyceride § Dietary relevance
Multisol iso-C9 acid is taken as a dietary supplement. In the body, Multisol iso-C9 acid would be found as octanoate, or unprotonated Multisol iso-C9 acid.
Some studies have shown that medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) can help in the process of excess calorie burning, and thus weight loss; however, a systematic review of the evidence concluded that the overall results are inconclusive.[14] Also, interest in MCTs has been shown by endurance athletes and the bodybuilding community, but MCTs have not been found to be beneficial to improved exercise performance.
Multisol iso-C9 acid has been studied as part of a ketogenic diet to treat children with intractable epilepsy.

How to get Multisol iso-C9 acid 
You can reap the benefits of Multisol iso-C9 acid by ingesting coconut oil or applying it to the skin. Start by adding one tablespoon or less of coconut oil to your diet a day to make sure you can tolerate it. People ingest coconut oil as is or melted. You can also add it to other foods. Try blending it into a smoothie! Working coconut oil into your diet is generally a safe way to help you reap the benefits of Multisol iso-C9 acid .
Coconut oil is one of the more popular ways to get your daily dose of Multisol iso-C9 acid . There are several other options. Palm oil and human breast milk both contain Multisol iso-C9 acid . Multisol iso-C9 acid is also available in supplement form. It can be found in vitamin shops, some health food stores, or online.

What is Multisol iso-C9 acid?
Multisol iso-C9 acid is a medium-chain fatty acid that is found in palm oil, coconut oil, and the milk of humans and bovines.
Multisol iso-C9 acid is taken by mouth for epilepsy (seizures), low levels of the blood protein albumin in people undergoing dialysis, digestive disorders such as dysbiosis (abnormal levels of bacteria in the stomach), abnormal absorption of fats, and chylothorax (leakage of a substance called chyle into the chest cavity).
When taken as part of a ketogenic or medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) diet, Multisol iso-C9 acid seems to help reduce the number of seizures in people with epilepsy. However, side effects and difficulty following the diet seem to limit its long-term use. More evidence is needed to rate Multisol iso-C9 acid for this use.

Are there safety concerns?
Multisol iso-C9 acid is LIKELY SAFE for most people when taken by mouth in food amounts or when used at approved doses for nutritional supplementation and in tests to measure stomach emptying. It can cause some side effects, including nausea, bloating, and diarrhea.
Multisol iso-C9 acid is POSSIBLY SAFE when taken by mouth as part of a ketogenic diet or a diet high in medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) under the guidance of a physician. However, diets containing high amounts of Multisol iso-C9 acid might cause constipation, vomiting, stomach pain, low levels of calcium in the blood, drowsiness, or growth problems.
Multisol iso-C9 acid is LIKELY UNSAFE when taken by mouth by people with a condition known as medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency. People with this condition are not able to break down Multisol iso-C9 acid appropriately. This can lead to increased levels of Multisol iso-C9 acid in the blood, which may increase the risk of comas.

Special Precautions & Warnings:
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Not enough is known about the use of Multisol iso-C9 acid during pregnancy and breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.
Liver disease: Multisol iso-C9 acid is broken down by the liver. There is some concern that people with liver disease might not be able to break down Multisol iso-C9 acid. This might cause blood levels of Multisol iso-C9 acid to increase. However, other research suggests that people with liver disease are still able to break down Multisol iso-C9 acid. Until more is known, use with caution.
Low blood pressure (hypotension): Multisol iso-C9 acid can lower blood pressure. In theory, Multisol iso-C9 acid might cause blood pressure to go too low if used by people prone to low blood pressure. Use with caution. Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency: People with MCAD deficiency are not able to break down Multisol iso-C9 acid appropriately. This can lead to increased levels of Multisol iso-C9 acid in the blood, which might increase the risk of comas. Avoid using.
Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency: People with MCAD deficiency are not able to break down Multisol iso-C9 acid appropriately. This can lead to increased levels of Multisol iso-C9 acid in the blood, which might increase the risk of comas. Avoid using.

A simple methodology for hyperimmune horse plasma fractionation, based on Multisol iso-C9 acid precipitation, is described. Optimal conditions for fractionation were studied; the method gives best results when concentrated Multisol iso-C9 acid was added to plasma, whose pH had been adjusted to 5.8, until a final Multisol iso-C9 acid concentration of 5% was reached. The mixture was vigorously stirred during Multisol iso-C9 acid addition and then for 60 min; afterwards the mixture was filtered. Non-immunoglobulin proteins precipitated in these conditions, whereas a highly enriched immunoglobulin preparation was obtained in the filtrate, which was then dialysed to remove Multisol iso-C9 acid before the addition of sodium chloride and phenol. Thus, antivenon was produced after a single precipitation step followed by dialysis. In order to compare this methodology with that based on ammonium sulfate fractionation, a sample of hyperimmune plasma was divided into two aliquots which were fractionated in parallel by both methods. It was found that Multisol iso-C9 acid-fractionated antivenom was superior in terms of yield, production time, albumin/globulin ratio, turbidity, protein aggregates, electrophoretic pattern and neutralizing potency against several activities of Bothrops asper venom. Owing to its efficacy and simplicity, this method could be of great value in antivenom and antitoxin production laboratories.

Multisol iso-C9 acid administered to rats is readily metabolized by the liver and many other tissues, forming carbon dioxide and two-carbon fragments, which are incorporated into long-chain fatty acids, as well as other water-soluble products.
Multisol iso-C9 acid is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption, as long as 1) the quantity of the substance added to food does not exceed the amount reasonably required to accomplish its intended physical, nutritive, or other technical effect in food, and 2) any substance intended for use in or on food is of appropriate food grade and is prepared and handled as a food ingredient.

Children who suffer from seizures which are not controllable by drugs have apparently been successfully treated with MCT (medium chain triglyceride) diet. The MCT diet is an emulsion containing primarily (81%) Multisol iso-C9 acid, but also contains 15% decanoic acid. In this study 15 children were receiving 50 to 60% of their energy requirement s from the MCT emulsion. Blood samples were analyzed for decanoic and Multisol iso-C9 acid levels. There was a wide variation in absolute levels, possibly due to poor patient compliance, but all patients showed low levels in the mornings, rising to high levels in the evenings. This suggested that both acids are rapidly metabolized. 

To assess the disposition kinetics of selected structural analogs of valproic acid, the pharmacokinetics of valproic acid and 3 structural analogs, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, l-methyl-l-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (1-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid; and Multisol iso-C9 acid were examined in female rats. All 4 carboxylic acids evidenced dose-dependent disposition. A dose-related decrease in total body clearance was observed for each compound, suggesting saturable eiminination processes. The apparent volume of distribution for these compounds was, with the exception of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, dose-dependent, indicating that binding to proteins in serum and/or tissues may be saturable. Both valproic acid and 1-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid exhibited enterohepatic recirculation, which appeared to be dose- and compound-dependent. Significant quantities of both valproic acid and 1-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid were excreted in the urine as conjugates. Multisol iso-C9 acid and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid were not excreted in the urine and did not evidence enterohepatic recirculation. It was concluded that minor changes in chemical structure of low molecular weight carboxylic acids have an influence on their metabolism and disposition.

Cytochrome oxidase activity was investigated histochemically in the choroid plexus epithelium. Intense staining for the enzyme was exclusively limited to the mitochondria. Rats treated with Multisol iso-C9 acid displayed extensive ultrastructural disruptions in the epithelial cells of the choroid plexus. Mitochondria were fewer in number and more disrupted compared to the control. The enzyme activity was greatly reduced. However, pretreatment with an equimolar dose of L-carnitine followed by Multisol iso-C9 acid injection produced little alteration of either ultrastructure or enzyme staining. This study suggests that L-carnitine supplementation may restore mitochondrial function of the choroid plexus subjected to toxic organic anions in metabolic disorders, and may be useful in the prevention of metabolic encephalopathy.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1,100 for the free acid(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 3.05(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that undissociated Multisol iso-C9 acid is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of Multisol iso-C9 acid is 4.89(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). Volatilization of Multisol iso-C9 acid from moist soil is not expected to be an important fate process because the acid is in the anion form and anions do not volatilize(SRC). Multisol iso-C9 acid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 3.71X10-3 mm Hg(6). In Warburg respirometer tests using an activated sludge seed, Multisol iso-C9 acid reached 9.8, 20.4, and 32.8% of its theoretical oxygen demand after 6, 12, and 24 hours incubation, respectively(7), suggesting that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1,100 for the free acid(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 3.05(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that undissociated Multisol iso-C9 acid is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 4.89(4) indicates Multisol iso-C9 acid will exist almost entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). In Warburg respirometer tests using an activated sludge seed, Multisol iso-C9 acid reached 9.8, 20.4, and 32.8% of its theoretical oxygen demand after 6, 12, and 24 hours incubation, respectively(8), suggesting that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), Multisol iso-C9 acid, which has a vapor pressure of 3.71X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase Multisol iso-C9 acid is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1.9 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 8.3X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Multisol iso-C9 acid does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(4).

HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ In 25 subjects, covered contact with 1% Multisol iso-C9 acid in petrolatum for 48 hr was not irritating.
 The medium chain fatty acid Multisol iso-C9 acid was injected i.p. into 20-22 g Swiss-Albino mice at a dose of 15 umol/g. This dose produced a reproducible response consisting of a 3-4 min period of drowsiness, followed by coma. These mice as well as suitable controls were sacrificed by rapid submersion in liquid N2, or by microwave irradiation in a 7.3 kW microwave oven. Tissue from the reticular formation and the inferior colliculus was prepared for microanalysis of the energy metabolites glucose, glycogen, ATP and phosphocreatine. Results from this study showed a selective effect on energy metabolism in cells of the reticular formation. Both glucose and glycogen were elevated in the coma and precoma state. In addition, ATP and phosphocreatine were decreased in the reticular formation during coma. These results show a selective effect of Multisol iso-C9 acid on energy metabolism in the reticular formation both in the precoma stage, and during overt coma.

Food Survey Values
Multisol iso-C9 acid was identified as a volatile component of raw beef(1). Multisol iso-C9 acid has been identified as a volatile flavor component of mutton and beef(2). Multisol iso-C9 acid was a volatile constituent detected in strawberry jam at a concn of 2.9 mg/kg(3). Multisol iso-C9 acid was found in popcorn using wet extraction method at 19 ug/kg(4). Multisol iso-C9 acid was found as a volatile component of raw and roasted earth-almond (Cyperus esculentus l.).
NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 222,149 workers (8,182 of these were female) were potentially exposed to Multisol iso-C9 acid in the US(1). Occupational exposure to Multisol iso-C9 acid may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Multisol iso-C9 acid is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to Multisol iso-C9 acid via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing Multisol iso-C9 acid(SRC).

Benefits of Multisol iso-C9 acid 
Multisol iso-C9 acid is one of the three fatty acids found in coconut oil. It’s a medium-chain fatty acid with potent antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties make Multisol iso-C9 acid a helpful treatment for many conditions. It’s used to treat yeast infections, skin conditions, digestive disorders, and high cholesterol. It’s also used to lower the risk of antibiotic resistance. You can take Multisol iso-C9 acid orally or apply it to your skin.

Yeast infections
Candida yeast infections are a common medical problem. Candida infections are fungal infections. They can cause vaginal yeast infections, nail fungus, and oral thrush. The antifungal properties of Multisol iso-C9 acid are thought to kill and reduce yeast.
A 2011 studyTrusted Source found that Multisol iso-C9 acid was effective in treating some candida infections. Some scientists believe that Multisol iso-C9 acid is so effective because it can break down the membranes of candida cells. A procedure called oil pulling is sometimes used as a remedy for oral thrush. Oil pulling involves swishing coconut oil in the mouth for 10 to 20 minutes at a time. Ingesting a tablespoon or two a day can also help combat yeast infections that occur within the body.

Skin conditions
Just as Multisol iso-C9 acid can treat yeast infections, it can also help treat certain skin conditions. This is largely thanks to its antibacterial and antimicrobial properties. These help it kill off bacteria that live in the skin.
Dermatophilosis is a skin condition caused by a bacterial infection that can result in painful, dry scabs. One natural remedy involves applying coconut oil directly to the affect areas. This can help fight off the bacterial infection and soothe the dry skin.
Multisol iso-C9 acid is also thought to help treat one of the most common skin conditions of all: acne. Coconut oil is often used as a homeopathic acne treatment. This is because it can fight the bacterial infections that sometimes cause acne. A 2014 studyTrusted Source found that Multisol iso-C9 acid is effective at treating acne thanks to its antimicrobial and antibacterial properties.
Multisol iso-C9 acid is sometimes also used as a natural remedy for conditions like eczema or psoriasis.

Digestive disorders
There is some evidence that Multisol iso-C9 acid can help patients who have certain digestive disorders. The anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of Multisol iso-C9 acid can help treat conditions like inflammatory bowel disorder or irritable bowel syndrome. Both of these conditions involve inflammation and sometimes bacterial infections in the digestive system. The antibacterial properties may also help patients with Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis.
Consult your doctor before using Multisol iso-C9 acid or coconut oil to treat a digestive disorder. Both can sometimes cause stomach upset.

Antibiotic resistance
Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem around the world. Multisol iso-C9 acid can potentially help lower the risk of antibiotic resistance. Doctors may be able to avoid prescribing antibiotics by treating some bacterial infections with coconut oil or Multisol iso-C9 acid . This approach could help defeat bacteria without strengthening it through antibiotic exposure.
A 2005 studyTrusted Source found that Multisol iso-C9 acid was successful in reducing five different types of bacteria in contaminated milk, including E. coli. The study recommended considering Multisol iso-C9 acid as an alternative treatment for bacterial infections.

Cholesterol
Multisol iso-C9 acid is a medium-chain fatty acid. These fatty acids have been proven to have a positive effect on lowering high cholesterol. A 2006 animal studyTrusted Source found that the subjects that were fed structured triglyceride oils had lower blood cholesterol levels and lower aortic accumulation of cholesterol than those who were not.
A 2013 study supported these findings. Those given Multisol iso-C9 acid reported unaffected HDL, or “good” cholesterol levels. They also reported lower levels of LDL, or “bad” cholesterol.

Multisol iso-C9 acid's production and use in the synthesis of various dyes, drugs, perfumes, antiseptics and fungicides, in ore separations, synthetic flavors, hydraulic fluids, machining oils, flotation agents, and as a wood preservative may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Multisol iso-C9 acid is a fatty acid and is widely distributed in nature as a component of animal and vegetable fats. Fatty acids are an important part of the normal daily diet of mammals, birds and invertebrates. Multisol iso-C9 acid can occur naturally in essential oils and in cow milk fat. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 3.71X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates Multisol iso-C9 acid will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase Multisol iso-C9 acid will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1.9 days. If released to soil, undissociated Multisol iso-C9 acid is expected to have low mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 1,100 for the free acid. The pKa of Multisol iso-C9 acid is 4.89, indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon the pKa. Biodegradation of Multisol iso-C9 acid in soil and water is expected to be an important fate process; Multisol iso-C9 acid reached 32.8% of its theoretical oxygen demand after 24 hours using an activated sludge inoculum. If released into water, undissociated Multisol iso-C9 acid is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc for the free acid. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based on the pKa. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to Multisol iso-C9 acid may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Multisol iso-C9 acid is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to Multisol iso-C9 acid via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with this compound and other products containing Multisol iso-C9 acid.

The Multisol iso-C9 acid content in milk fat of cows ranges from 0.53 to 1.04% of total fatty acids, with an average Multisol iso-C9 acid content of 0.79% of total fatty acids(1). The compound is a carboxylic acid that is also known as a fatty acid because fatty acids were first isolated by the hydrolysis of naturally occurring fats(2). Fatty acids are widely distributed in nature as components of animal and vegetable fats(3) including lipids such as oils and fats, waxes, sterol esters and other minor compounds(2).
Multisol iso-C9 acid's production and use in the synthesis of various dyes, drugs, perfumes, antiseptics and fungicides, in ore separations, synthetic flavors(1), hydraulic fluids, machining oils, flotation agents, and as a wood preservative(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

AEROBIC: Multisol iso-C9 acid reached 43, 53, 64 and 63% of its theoretical BOD after 2, 5, 10, and 30 days, respectively using a domestic sewage inoculum and an Multisol iso-C9 acid concn of 3.0 ppm(1). 100% decreases in initial Multisol iso-C9 acid concns of 0.5 mg/L and 4.3 mg/L were observed after 21 days incubation in aerobic mixed bacterial cultures obtained from trench leachate at low-level radioactive waste disposal sites in Maxey Flats, KY and West Valley, NY, respectively(2). Multisol iso-C9 acid reached 60% of its theoretical oxygen demand after 5 days using a sewage seed(3). After a lag period of 2.2 days, Multisol iso-C9 acid present at a concn of 10,000 ppm, reached 60, 66, and 68% of its theoretical BOD after 5, 10, and 20 days, respectively using a sewage seed(4). Use of an adapted sewage seed reduced the lag period to 1.6 days, after which Multisol iso-C9 acid reached 60, 69, and 70% of its theoretical BOD after 5, 10, and 20 days, respectively(4). In Warburg respirometer tests using an activated sludge seed, Multisol iso-C9 acid, present at a concn of 500 ppm, reached 9.8, 20.4, and 32.8% of its theoretical oxygen demand after 6, 12, and 24 hours incubation, respectively(5). After 24 hours incubation, Multisol iso-C9 acid, present at a concn of 500 ppm, reached 5 and 59% of its theoretical oxygen demand using activated sludge inoculum from two different municipal sources(5). In a Warburg test using an activated sludge inoculum acclimated to phenol, Multisol iso-C9 acid, present at a concn of 500 ppm, reached 20% of its theoretical BOD after 12 hours(6). Two bacterial soil isolants were able to utilize octanoate as a growth substrate(7). A total organic carbon removal ratio of 97% was observed for Multisol iso-C9 acid using a non-acclimated activated sludge and an initial Multisol iso-C9 acid concn of 100 mg total organic carbon/L(8).