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CAS NO:71-23-8
EC NO:200-746-9
n-Propyl alcohol is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH and sometimes represented as PrOH or n-PrOH.
n-Propyl alcohol is a colorless liquid and an isomer of 2-propanol.
n-Propyl alcohol is formed naturally in small amounts during many fermentation processes and used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry, mainly for resins and cellulose esters, and, sometimes, as a disinfecting agent.
Chemical properties
n-Propyl alcohol shows the normal reactions of a primary alcohol. Thus it can be converted to alkyl halides; for example red phosphorus and iodine produce n-propyl iodide in 80% yield, while PCl3 with catalytic ZnCl2 gives n-propyl chloride. Reaction with acetic acid in the presence of an H2SO4 catalyst under Fischer esterification conditions gives propyl acetate, while refluxing propanol overnight with formic acid alone can produce propyl formate in 65% yield. Oxidation of propan-1-ol with Na2Cr2O7 and H2SO4 gives a 36% yield of propionaldehyde, and therefore for this type of reaction higher yielding methods using PCC or the Swern oxidation are recommended. Oxidation with chromic acid yields propionic acid.
Preparation
n-Propyl alcohol is manufactured by catalytic hydrogenation of propionaldehyde. Propionaldehyde is produced via the oxo process by hydroformylation of ethylene using carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as cobalt octacarbonyl or a rhodium complex.
Properties:
Chemical formula: C3H8O
Molar mass: 60.096 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor :mild, alcohol-like
Density: 0.803 g/mL
Melting point: −126 °C; −195 °F; 147 K
Boiling point: 97 to 98 °C; 206 to 208 °F; 370 to 371 K
Solubility in water: miscible
log P: 0.329
Vapor pressure: 1.99 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa): 16
Basicity (pKb): −2
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): −45.176·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.387
Viscosity: 1.959 mPa·s (at 25 °C)
Dipole moment: 1.68 D
propyl alcohol, also called n-propyl alcohol or 1-propanol, one of two isomeric alcohols used as solvents and intermediates in chemical manufacturing. The second isomer is isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol).
n-Propyl alcohol is formed as a by-product of the synthesis of methanol (methyl alcohol) from carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
n-Propyl alcohol also occurs in fusel oil.
n-Propyl alcohols largest use is as a solvent in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals and in the preparation of lacquers.
n-Propyl alcohol easily forms esters and ethers, some of which are commercially important.
n-Propyl alcohol appears as a clear colorless liquid with a sharp musty odor like rubbing alcohol. Flash point 53-77°F. Autoignites at 700°F. Vapors are heavier than air and mildly irritate the eyes, nose, and throat. Density approximately 6.5 lb / gal.
n-Propyl alcohol is used in making cosmetics, skin and hair preparations, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, lacquer formulations, dye solutions, antifreezes, rubbing alcohols, soaps, window cleaners, acetone and other chemicals and products.
n-Propyl alcohol is a natural product found in Aloe africana, Cichorium endivia, and other organisms with data available.
n-Propyl alcohol is the parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group.
n-Propyl alcohol has a role as a protic solvent and a metabolite.
n-Propyl alcohol is a short-chain primary fatty alcohol and a member of propan-1-ols.
Industry Uses of n-Propyl alcohol:
-Dyes
-Fuels and fuel additives
-Intermediates
-Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories
-Pigments
-Processing aids, not otherwise listed
-Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
-Solvents (for cleaning and degreasing)
-Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture)
-Viscosity adjustors
Consumer Uses of n-Propyl alcohol:
-Air care products
-Cleaning and furnishing care products
-Food packaging
-Fuels and related products
-Ink, toner, and colorant products
-Non-TSCA use
-Paints and coatings
-Paper products
-Personal care products
Industry Processing Sectors of n-Propyl alcohol:
-All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing
-All other basic organic chemical manufacturing
-All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing
-Asphalt paving, roofing, and coating materials manufacturing
-Miscellaneous manufacturing
-Oil and gas drilling, extraction, and support activities
-Paint and coating manufacturing
-Paper manufacturing
-Petrochemical manufacturing
-Petroleum lubricating oil and grease manufacturing
-Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing
-Printing and related support activities
-Printing ink manufacturing
-Synthetic dye and pigment manufacturing
-Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing
-Transportation equipment manufacturing
-Utilities
n-Propyl alcohol, a three-carbon straight chain oxo alcohol, is a medium boiling, colorless liquid that is widely used in flexographic and other printing ink applications.
n-Propyl alcohol has a very mild odor, similar to that of ethanol and is completely soluble in water.
n-Propyl alcohol is useful in organic synthesis, as a chemical intermediate, and as a coating solvent.
n-Propyl alcohol helps balance the drying and flow characteristics in a variety of surface coating applications.
Applications/uses:
-Agriculture intermediates
-Architectural coatings
-Auto OEM
-Auto plastics
-Auto refinish
-Commerical printing inks
-Consumer printing inks
-Flexographic printing inks
-General industrial coatings
-Graphic arts
-Gravure printing inks
-Marine
-Packaging components non food contact
-Packaging inks non food contact
-Paints & coatings
-Pharmaceutical chemicals
-Process solvents
-Protective coatings
-Wood coatings
n-Propyl Alcohol normal propanol (also known as n-propanol, 1-propanol, Propan-1-l) is a primary alcohol with a molecular formula of CH3(CH2)2OH.
n-Propyl Alcohol is a colourless, transparent liquid that has a typical sharp musty odour that is comparable with the smell of rubbing alcohol.
n-Propyl Alcohol is fully miscible in water and freely miscible with all common solvents such as glycols, ketones, alcohols, aldehydes, ethers and aliphatic hydrocarbons.
n-Propyl Alcohol has a flash point of around 15° C and improves drying in coating applications.
Description
Colorless liquid with a mild, alcohol-like odor.
Sources/Uses
n-Propyl Alcohol is used as a solvent, antiseptic, and chemical intermediate;
n-Propyl Alcohol is used as a solvent in inks, pesticides, and lacquers.
Appearance:Clear, colorless liquid.
Odor:Alcohol odor.
Solubility:Infinitely soluble.
Specific Gravity:0.804
pH:No information found.
% Volatiles by volume @ 21C (70F):100
Boiling Point:97C (207F)
Melting Point:-127C (-197F)
Vapor Density (Air=1):2.07
Vapor Pressure (mm Hg):21 @ 25C (77F)
Evaporation Rate (BuAc=1):1.3
N-Propyl Alcohol is a primary alcohol used as a solvent in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, polishes, dental lotions, coatings, lacquers, printing inks, natural gums, pigments, intermediates, dye solutions, antifreezes, fuel additives, paint additives and de-greasing fluids.
n-Propyl Alcohol is a colorless liquid that is also known as propanol and is a primary alcohol.
n-Propyl Alcohol is used primarily as a solvent.
N-Propyl Alcohol is used as a solvent and an entrainer in azeotropic distillation.
N-Propyl Alcohol is used as a precursor to prepare propyl acetate, propylamide and propyl halides by reacting with acetic acid, ammonia and halogens respectively.
N-Propyl Alcohol is actively used as a solvent in inks for flexographic printing, which is a technique used for printing.
N-Propyl Alcohol is added to cleaners, floor polishes and metal degreasing fluids and is used as an additional solvent in the manufacture of adhesives.
N-Propyl Alcohol enhances the drying characteristics of alkyd resins, electrodeposition paints and baking finishes in coating industry.
n-Propyl Alcohol is classified as :
-Antifoaming
-Solvent
n-Propyl Alcohol Usage
-Chemical Intermediate.
-Formulation & (re)packing of substances and mixtures.
-Distribution of substance.Laboratories.
-Uses in coatings.Use in cleaning agents.
-Use in metal working fluids / Rolling oils.
-Lubricants and lubricant additives.
N-Propyl Alcohol is used in making cosmetics, skin and hair preparations, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, lacquer formulations, dye solutions, antifreezes, rubbing alcohols, soaps, window cleaners, acetone and other chemicals and products.
N-Propyl Alcohol is the compound with the hydrogen atom in the propane molecules being replaced by hydroxyl group. Because the hydroxyl group can substitute the hydrogen atoms contained in the carbons in the two terminals of carbon chain or middle carbon, thus generating two isomers, n-propyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol.
The chemical property of the N-Propyl Alcohol is similar to that of ethanol.
N-Propyl Alcohol is the byproduct during the process of the methanol synthesis from carbon monoxide and hydrogen. At room temperature and normal pressure, it appears as colorless transparent liquid with fragrance odor. In industry, it is prepared through the reaction between ethylene, carbon monoxide and hydrogen under high pressure and cobalt catalysis; alternatively through the hydration of propylene under the action of sulfate or through the catalytic hydrogenation of acetone.
N-Propyl Alcohol is commonly used as a solvent with irritating effect on the eyes and mucosa. Inhalation of propyl alcohol steam can lead to dizziness, headache and vomiting, etc.
The propanols are used mainly as solvents for coatings; in antifreeze compositions and household and personal products; and as chemical intermediates for the production of esters, amines, and other organic derivatives. As a solvent, N-Propyl Alcohol is used principally in printing inks, paint, cosmetics, pesticides, and insecticides.
N-Propyl Alcohol is used commercially to produce glycol ethers. These are characterized by dual functionality, which imparts high solvency, chemical stability, and water compatibility.
About N-Propyl Alcohol
Helpful information
N-Propyl Alcohol is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 10 000 to < 100 000 tonnes per annum.
N-Propyl Alcohol is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.
Biocidal Uses
N-Propyl Alcohol is approved for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: human hygiene, disinfection, food and animals feeds.
Consumer Uses
N-Propyl Alcohol is used in the following products: lubricants and greases, anti-freeze products, coating products, finger paints, washing & cleaning products, adhesives and sealants, polishes and waxes and perfumes and fragrances.
Other release to the environment of N-Propyl Alcohol is likely to occur from: outdoor use, indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).
Article service life
Other release to the environment of N-Propyl Alcohol is likely to occur from: outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials) and indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment).
N-Propyl Alcohol can be found in products with material based on: wood (e.g. floors, furniture, toys).
Widespread uses by professional workers
N-Propyl Alcohol is used in the following products: coating products, laboratory chemicals, washing & cleaning products, lubricants and greases, metal working fluids and plant protection products. N-Propyl Alcohol is used in the following areas: scientific research and development and health services. N-Propyl Alcohol is used for the manufacture of: fabricated metal products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment, machinery and vehicles and textile, leather or fur. Other release to the environment of N-Propyl Alcohol is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners), outdoor use, indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters) and outdoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. hydraulic liquids in automotive suspension, lubricants in motor oil and break fluids).
Formulation or re-packing
N-Propyl Alcohol is used in the following products: coating products and inks and toners.
Release to the environment of N-Propyl Alcohol can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures, manufacturing of the substance, formulation in materials and in processing aids at industrial sites.
Uses at industrial sites
N-Propyl Alcohol is used in the following products: laboratory chemicals, coating products, pharmaceuticals, washing & cleaning products, lubricants and greases and metal working fluids.
N-Propyl Alcohol has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
N-Propyl Alcohol is used in the following areas: health services and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
N-Propyl Alcohol is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.
Release to the environment of N-Propyl Alcohol can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), of substances in closed systems with minimal release and manufacturing of the substance.
Manufacture
Release to the environment of N-Propyl Alcohol can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance, formulation of mixtures and in processing aids at industrial sites.
IUPAC names:
1-Propanol
1-propanolo
2propan-1-ol
n-Propanol
n-propanol
n-Propanol
n-propanol
N-propyl alcohol
n-Propyl Alcohol
n-Propyl alcohol, 1-Propanol
propan- 1-olo
PROPAN-1-OL
Propan-1-ol
propan-1-ol
Propan-1-ol
propan-1-ol
Propan-1-ol (n-Propanol)
propan-1-ol; n-propanol
propan-1-oln-propanol
Propanol
Propanol
PROPYL ALCOHOL
Propyl alcohol
Tyzor NPZ
SYNONYMS:
109-78-4 [RN]
1098242 [Beilstein]
1-HYDROXYPROPANE
1-Propanol [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name] [Wiki]
1-Propanol [German] [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1-Propanol [French] [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
1-Propyl alcohol
1-プロパノール [Japanese]
1-丙醇 [Chinese]
200-746-9 [EINECS]
203-704-8 [EINECS]
213-161-9 [EINECS]
36294-23-2 [RN]
71-23-8 [RN]
71-31-8 [RN]
927-74-2 [RN]
Alcohol, propyl
Alcool propilico
Alcool propilico [Italian]
Alcool propylique
Alcool propylique [French]
Hydroxypropane
n-propan-1-ol
n-propanol
n-Propyl alcohol
n-Propyl alkohol [German]
n-Propylalkohol
Propan-1-ol [Wiki]
Propane-1-ol
propanol [German]
Propanol, 1-
propanol-1
propyl alcohol
Propylowy alkohol [Polish]
γ-Propanol
Propanolen
102910-31-6 [RN]
142583-61-7 [RN]
188894-71-5 [RN]
19986-23-3 [RN]
1-Propan-1,1,2,2,3,3,3-d7-ol
1-Propanol, anhydrous
1-Propanol-d3
