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NIACIN
CAS NO.: 59-67-6
EC/LIST NO.: 200-441-0
Niacin, Nicotinic acid or B3 is a water-soluble vitamin.
Derivatives of NADH, NADPH, NAD and NAD+ are a vitamin that has been affected in terms of energy, nuclear acids, protein fats and production.
Niacin cannot be included in the term vitamin B3.
Niacin was discovered by the oxidation of nicotine.
Niacin is derived from nicotinic acid + vitamin, as the name to be given to it is not intended to evoke nicotine.
Niacin can be seen in ancient texts that the name vitamin PP (short for the English term "pellegra prevention") was used for niacin.
Niacin is a B vitamin that's made and used by your body to turn food into energy.
Niacin helps keep your nervous system, digestive system and skin healthy.
Niacin (vitamin B-3) is often part of a daily multivitamin, but most people get enough niacin from the food they eat.
Foods rich in niacin include yeast, milk, meat, tortillas and cereal grains.
People use prescription niacin (Niacor, Niaspan) to help control their cholesterol.
The recommended daily amount of niacin for adult males is 16 milligrams (mg) a day and for adult women who aren't pregnant, 14 mg a day.
Niacin, or vitamin B3, is a water-soluble B vitamin found naturally in some foods, added to foods, and sold as a supplement.
The two most common forms of niacin in food and supplements are nicotinic acid and nicotinamide.
The body can also convert tryptophan—an amino acid—to nicotinamide.
Niacin is water-soluble so that excess amounts the body does not need are excreted in the urine.
Niacin works in the body as a coenzyme, with more than 400 enzymes dependent on it for various reactions.
Niacin helps to convert nutrients into energy, create cholesterol and fats, create and repair DNA, and exert antioxidant effects.
Niacin is a type of B vitamin.
Niacin is a water-soluble vitamin.
Niacin is not stored in the body.
Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water.
Leftover amounts of the vitamin leave the body through the urine.
The body keeps a small reserve of these vitamins, but they have to be taken on a regular basis to maintain the reserve.
Niacin, also known as B3, nicotinic acid or nicotinamide, is an important enzymatic component required for the body to function normally.
This vitamin allows us to obtain energy from macronutrients (carbohydrates and fats).
Niacin, a very important micronutrient for energy synthesis, also contributes to the healthy functioning of the nervous and digestive systems.
In addition to these, Niacin is known that it is good for skin health and vitality, hair and eyes.
Niacin, an enzymatic component, has an important role in the metabolism of fats and sugars.
In this way, cells have the ability to provide the energy they need to continue their normal functions.
The use of supplements containing niacin may be beneficial in terms of weight loss, as the substance will stimulate energy synthesis and help reduce the feeling of fatigue caused by weight loss.
Vitamin B3 also positively affects the vitality and health of the skin, eyes and hair and can be used for the treatment of skin conditions such as dermatitis, skin irritation and acne.
Adequate consumption of niacin contributes to the strengthening of the digestive and immune systems, while helping to fight oxidative stress.
The substance also has positive effects on the health of the nervous system (it triggers units related to cognitive functions and memory).
Niacin deficiency can cause serious symptoms such as muscle weakness, digestive upsets (irritation of the mucus layer in the mouth, stomach, and intestines), loss of appetite, and skin rashes.
In more severe cases, it can cause lesions in the central nervous system, leading to confusion and disorientation.
Studies have shown that niacin can significantly lower cholesterol levels, but because the product is inexpensive, the pharmaceutical industry has not commercialized this supplement as a combined treatment for hypercholesteremia.
Since niacin helps regulate fat and cholesterol levels, it can be used for the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular ailments.
niacin, also called nicotinic acid and vitamin B3, water-soluble vitamin of the B complex.
Niacin is also called the pellagra-preventive vitamin because an adequate amount in the diet prevents pellagra, a chronic disease characterized by skin lesions, gastrointestinal disturbance, and nervous symptoms.
Niacin is interchangeable in metabolism with its amide, niacinamide (nicotinamide).
Like the vitamins thiamin (vitamin B1) and riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin functions as part of a coenzyme involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates and acts to catalyze the oxidation of sugar derivatives and other substances.
Niacin has the following chemical structure:
Niacin, which was identified as a pellagra preventive in 1937, is widely distributed among plants and animals.
Lean meat is generally a good source.
Approximately 15 mg per day (1 mg = 0.001 gram) of nicotinic acid is required by humans.
In the intestinal tract, the amino acid tryptophan can be converted to niacin by bacterial action and thus can serve as a source for part of the required niacin.
This explains scientists’ early observation that the protein in such foods as eggs and milk, both poor sources of niacin, can nevertheless prevent or cure pellagra.
Niacin is indicated to prevent vitamin deficiencies in pediatric and adult patients receiving parenteral nutrition as part of multivitamin intravenous injections.
Niacin oral tablets are indicated as a monotherapy or in combination with simvastatin or lovastatin to treat primary hyperlipidemia and mixed dyslipidemia
Niacin can also be used to reduce the risk of nonfatal myocardial infarctions in patients with a history of myocardial infarction and hyperlipidemia.
Niacin is also indicated with bile acid binding resins to treat atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease and hyperlipidemia or to treat primary hyperlipidemia.
Finally niacin is indicated to treat severe hypertriglyceridemia.
Niacin is a B vitamin used to treat vitamin deficiencies as well as hyperlipidemia, dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and to reduce the risk of myocardial infarctions.
Niacin acts to decrease levels of very low density lipoproteins and low density lipoproteins, while increasing levels of high density lipoproteins.
Niacin has a wide therapeutic window with usual oral doses between 500mg and 2000mg.
Patients with diabetes, renal failure, uncontrolled hypothyroidism, and elderly patients taking niacin with simvastatin or lovastatin are at increased risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis
Niacin is a form of vitamin B3.
Niacin is found in foods such as yeast, meat, fish, milk, eggs, green vegetables, and cereal grains.
Niacin is also produced in the body from tryptophan, which is found in protein-containing food.
When taken as a supplement, niacin is often found in combination with other B vitamins.
Do not confuse niacin with niacinamide, inositol nicotinate, IP-6, or tryptophan.
See the separate listings for these topics.
Niacin is taken by mouth for high cholesterol and other fats.
Niacin is also used for low levels of a specific type of cholesterol, HDL.
Niacin is also used along with other treatments for circulation problems, migraine headache, Meniere's syndrome and other causes of dizziness, and to reduce the diarrhea associated with cholera.
Niacin is also taken by mouth to for preventing positive urine drug screens in people who take illegal drugs.
Niacin is taken by mouth for preventing vitamin B3 deficiency and related conditions such as pellagra.
Niacin is also taken by mouth for schizophrenia, hallucinations due to drugs, Alzheimer's disease and age-related loss of thinking skills, chronic brain syndrome, muscle spasms, depression, motion sickness, alcohol dependence, blood vessel swelling linked with skin lesions, and fluid collection (edema).
Some people take niacin by mouth for acne, leprosy, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), preventing premenstrual headache, improving digestion, protecting against toxins and pollutants, reducing the effects of aging, arthritis, lowering blood pressure, improving circulation, promoting relaxation, improving orgasms, and preventing cataracts.
Niacin is also used to improve exercise performance.
Vitamin B3 is a water-soluble vitamin that cannot be stored in body fat.
Niacin has two active components, nicotinic acid (niacin) and nicotinamide (niacinamide).
This vitamin plays a role in over 200 enzymatic reactions.
The body can synthesize vitamin B3 in small amounts, provided it has sufficient stores of magnesium, vitamins B6 and B2, and tryptophan.
The latter is an essential amino acid (part of a protein)—that is, it is not produced by the body and must be obtained from food sources.
Niacin is a member of the B family of vitamins (B complex).
Niacin a water-soluble vitamin.
Excess amounts come out in the urine.
Like the other B vitamins, niacin helps make energy in your body.
Niacin helps your body use carbohydrates, fatty acids, and proteins.
Niacin is found in many plant and animal foods, such as yeast, meats (especially liver), grains, legumes, corn treated with alkali (such as corn used in tortillas), and seeds.
Niacin can be made by the liver from the amino acid tryptophan.
Niacin works in 2 enzyme systems (NAD and NADP).
They affect all the tissues of the body.
These enzyme systems help move hydrogen within a cell.
They also make it available for biosynthesis.
These 2 enzymes also work closely with the energy molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Niacin is known as a type of vitamin that should be taken by the body and is among the important vitamins from the sub-types of B vitamins.
In addition to being included in many products, its deficiency is known to cause some diseases and disorders.
Niacin, which is known to be more in animal foods such as meat and dairy products, has a very important place in terms of its effects and benefits.
When there is a deficiency of this vitamin and when it is taken less, various ailments can be seen.
For this reason, taking care to take enough into the body is a situation that will benefit health.
Niacin is a form of vitamin B3.
Niacin is found in foods such as yeast, meat, fish, milk, eggs, green vegetables, and cereal grains.
Niacin-containing enzymes are involved in fat, cholesterol and carbohydrate metabolism, and in the production of sex and adrenal hormones.
Niacin was found while investigating the cause of pellagra.
We now know that the cause of pellagra is a lack of niacin and tryptophan.
We talked about pellagra in our previous article.
Niacin is used to lower cholesterol and triglycerides (a common form of fat) in your blood.
Niacin doesn’t work as well as statins for lowering cholesterol and it’s not used as commonly because it can cause many unwanted side effects like flushing and stomach upset.
Niacin is an antilipemic medication.
Niacin is a naturally occurring vitamin (vitamin B3) and it works by blocking, increasing, and lowering certain key pathways responsible for making cholesterol and triglyceride in the body.
As a result of these actions, it can help lower "bad" (LDL) cholesterol and triglyceride levels, while raising the "good" (HDL) cholesterol levels.
Niacin is used to lower blood levels of "bad" cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein, or LDL) and triglycerides, and increase levels of "good" cholesterol (high-density lipoprotein, or HDL).
Niacin may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Niacin is involved in energy metabolism as part of reduction/oxidation coenzymes, the metabolism of amino acids, as well as in detoxification reactions for drugs and other substances.
Niacin also represents an important therapeutic option for several conditions.
A lack of niacin can result in a disease called pellagra.
This condition has been common throughout human history, namely among impoverished people whose diet consisted almost entirely of corn products.
This type of diet lacks an adequate amount of niacin, thus triggering in turn symptoms such as diarrhea, inflamed mucous membranes, skin sores, weakness, irritability, and mental delusions.
Niacin is the generic name used for a group of water-soluble compounds (nicotinamide and nicotinic acid) that belong to the family of B-vitamins.
While we can find niacin in a variety of foods, this is one of the few vitamins (alongside vitamin D and choline), that our bodies can produce on their own by converting the essential amino acid tryptophan into niacin.
This means that protein-rich foods containing the amino acid tryptophan, such as meat, fish, eggs and dairy can also help us meet the recommended amounts of niacin when there’s not enough from the diet.
Niacin is involved in many bodily processes and it’s important to help our cells grow and function.
Our bodies also use niacin to convert nutrients into energy, to make fats and cholesterol and to form and repair our genetic material
Niacin is a type of B vitamin.
Niacin is water-soluble vitamin.
Niacin is not stored in the body.
Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water.
Leftover amounts of the vitamin leave the body through the urine.
The body keeps a small reserve of these vitamins.
They have to be taken on a regular basis to maintain the reserve.
Vitamin B3, also called niacin, is a water-soluble vitamin found in many common foods such as chicken, tuna, beets, and lentils.
Niacin plays a role in countless bodily functions and helps convert the food we eat into energy.
Specifically, vitamin B3 plays an important role in digestion, mental health, heart health, the nervous system, maintaining healthy skin, making a variety of hormones, and acting as a precursor to the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+).
But vitamin B3 is also a little more complex than your average vitamin.
Niacin naturally found in several different forms, each of which has a slightly different effect on the body.
Here, learn all about vitamin B3, its different forms and health benefits, signs of deficiency, common food sources, and when to consider a supplement.
Niacin is actually a blanket term for three different compounds that have similar activity in the body: nicotinic acid, nicotinamide (aka niacinamide), and nicotinamide riboside (NR).
You'll find that "vitamin B3" and "niacin" are often used interchangeably to refer to these compounds.
Of these, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are the main forms of vitamin B3 or niacin—they're both widely available from the same food sources and sold as dietary supplements.
NR, on the other hand, is quite scarce in food and only recently started being sold as a supplement.
All three forms of vitamin B3 are converted to an important coenzyme called NAD+ in the body.
NAD+ is found in all living cells, and it plays a vital role in energy metabolism and maintaining proper cell functioning—particularly the functioning of our mitochondria, the power plants in our cells that turn food and oxygen into energy.
Niacin also plays an important role in protecting cells all over the body from age-related damage and decline in function.
While all three forms of vitamin B3 share common traits, each has a slightly different effect on the body and serves a different role when taken as a supplement:
Niacin (or nicotinic acid as it’s referred to in medical circles) was the third B vitamin to be discovered (hence the name B3).
Niacin wasn’t until about 1943, though, that a couple of doctors reported that niacin worked wonders in relieving the pain and stiffness associated with arthritis.
Niacin has a unique characteristic.
If you haven’t experienced it personally, you’ve probably heard about the “flush” that as little as 50 mg of niacin can cause.
While not dangerous, it can be uncomfortable, or even alarming, if you aren’t prepared for it.
Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, is a water-soluble vitamin.
Water-soluble vitamins are stored in the body in very limited amounts and are excreted through the urine.
Therefore, Niacin is a good idea to have them in your daily diet.
In addition to getting niacin from dietary sources, the body can synthesize a form of niacin from the amino acid tryptophan.
Niacin causes the blood vessels to dilate or open up near the skin, which results in a hot, tingling sensation accompanied by a red flushing of the skin.
Generally, by starting with low amounts of niacin (50 to 100 mg a day) and gradually increasing the dosage, a person can quickly build up a tolerance and avoid the flush.
Taking niacin immediately following a meal will also lessen the flushing sensation.
(Niacinamide, the alkaline form of niacin, doesn’t cause flushing because it acts on the macrocirculatory system comprising the heart and large blood vessels.)
Since niacin isn’t something that drug companies can patent, it’s of little interest to them.
But whatever you do, don’t overlook niacin’s potential just because it’s been around so long, or because it sounds like too simple of a solution.
Keep in mind that all of the B vitamins actually work in conjunction with each other—which means you can expect better results if you take niacin or niacinamide along with a good multivitamin that contains a broad balance of B vitamins.
In fact, niacin and niacinamide work on different circulatory systems and have their own unique benefits, making it important to take both.
Niacin (nicotinic acid) in hydrochloric acid is highly suitable for checking the photometric accuracy of spectrometers in the UV range.
The Niacin spectrum shows a relatively broad maximum at the wavelengths 213 nm and 261 nm.
The Niacin filter solutions are filled and immediately fused under controlled conditions to become permanently airtight.
NIACIN (NYE a sin) is used in combination with a healthy diet to lower bad cholesterol and increase good cholesterol.
This medicine is also used to decrease triglycerides.
If triglycerides are too high, you may be at risk of developing pancreatitis.
This is a painful condition that causes inflammation of the pancreas and can lead to serious health problems.
This medicine can also be helpful in patients who have heart disease or who have had a heart attack.
This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.
Niacin (also known as “vitamin B3” or “vitamin PP”) includes two vitamers (nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) giving rise to the coenzymatic forms nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP).
The two coenzymes are required for oxidative reactions crucial for energy production, but they are also substrates for enzymes involved in non-redox signaling pathways, thus regulating biological functions, including gene expression, cell cycle progression, DNA repair and cell death.
In the central nervous system, vitamin B3 has long been recognized as a key mediator of neuronal development and survival.
Here, we will overview available literature data on the neuroprotective role of niacin and its derivatives, especially focusing especially on its involvement in neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases), as well as in other neuropathological conditions (ischemic and traumatic injuries, headache and psychiatric disorders).
Niacin is absorbed by the body when dissolved in water and taken by mouth.
Niacin is converted to niacinamide if taken in amounts greater than what is needed by the body.
Niacin is required for the proper function of fats and sugars in the body and to maintain healthy cells.
At high doses, niacin might help people with heart disease because of its beneficial effects on clotting.
Niacin may also improve levels of a certain type of fat called triglycerides in the blood.
Niacin deficiency can cause a condition called pellagra, which causes skin irritation, diarrhea, and dementia.
Pellagra was common in the early twentieth century, but is less common now, since some foods containing flour are now fortified with niacin.
Pellagra has been virtually eliminated in western culture.
People with poor diet, alcoholism, and some types of slow-growing tumors called carcinoid tumors might be at risk for niacin deficiency.
This product is provided as delivered and specified by the issuing Pharmacopoeia.
All information provided in support of this product, including SDS and any product information leaflets have been developed and issued under the Authority of the issuing Pharmacopoeia.
For further information and support please go to the website of the issuing Pharmacopoeia.
IUPAC NAME :
3-PYRIDINECARBOXYLIC ACID
3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid
Niacin
Nicotinic Acid
Nicotinic acid
nicotinic acid
Nicotinic acid
SYNONYMS:
Niacin [USAN] [USP]
109591 [Beilstein]
200-441-0
200-659-6
3-Picolinic acid
3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid
3-Pyridylcarboxylic acid
5-22-02-00057 [Beilstein]
59-67-6 [RN]
99148-57-9|36321-41-2
