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CAS NUMBER: 124594-15-6
EC NUMBER: 237-396
MOLECULAR FORMULA: Ni(SO3NH2)2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 250.87
Nickel Sulfamate uses a 99.9% pure nickel deposit rather than the traditional Nickel Sulfamate used in electroless nickel plating.
Because this is a much higher concentration of Nickel Sulfamate.
Nickel Sulfamate lends added advantages to the surface durability.
Nickel Sulfamate is extremely useful for repairing worn components and is the most machinable nickel-based product Electro-Coatings offers.
Nickel Sulfamate is frequently used as a build-up coating for resurfacing worn parts.
Nickel Sulfamate is an ideal option for components which require both corrosion resistant protection and affordable restoration to original specifications.
This 99.9% pure Nickel Sulfamate coating delivers exceptional corrosion resistance, thanks to Nickel Sulfamates purity, density and highly consistent deposit structure.
The most machinable of the Nickel Sulfamate coatings Electro-Coatings supplies, Nickel Sulfamate is often used as a build-up coating for resurfacing of worn parts.
The electrocatalytic Nickel Sulfamate coating process delivers a coating with very good thickness consistency, superior ductility and high temperature resistance.
The excellent thermal transfer capabilities of sulfamate nickel make Nickel Sulfamate ideal for food service applications.
Nickel Sulfamate is also popular for restoration of industrial rollers in process machinery that functions in hostile environments.
Nickel Sulfamate is also frequently used as a base coat to improve the corrosion resistance of chrome plated parts.
Nickel sulfamate is the nickel salt of sulfamic acid.
Nickel Sulfamate differs from sulfuric acid.
Nickel Sulfamate is the nickel salt of sulfuric acid.
The difference is shown more clearly using structural formulas instead of the more common line formulas.
Nickel Sulfamate electrolytes are widely used for electroforming because of the low stress in the deposit.
When plating thick deposits onto soft materials, low stress prevents deforming the mandrels.
Low stress means that no matter what is used for the form or mandrel, the final product will not deform when removed.
The high ductility makes deposits from sulfamate solutions ideal for electroforming bellows, continuous belts, and many other products requiring a ductile deposit.
Examples of electroforms are rocket engines, phonograph records, CDs, printing and lithograph plates, Frennel lenses (because the deposit will duplicate an exact surface, even microfeatures), mold forms such as used to make plastic automobile dash boards with intricate designs, and much more.
Nickel Sulfamate solutions will allow very high current densities compared with many other nickel solutions.
At the same temperatune and agitation rate, sulfamate nickel will plate at 50 to 100% higher current density than a standard Watts formulation.
Using extreme agitation techniques, such as the jet stream method, up to 600 A/f- is achievable.
Using the “hone plate” method, plating takes place at over 6,000 A/f.
In mechanically agitated tanks, such as cathode rod agitation, and at 120°F (a lower temperature than is typical for a Watts solution), 80 to 100 A/f? can be expected, thus increasing production potential.
Nickel sulfamate is the source of nickel ions.
Nickel Sulfamate is very soluble.
For that reason, Nickel Sulfamate is available only in liquid form.
The sulfamate ion contributes to the low stress characteristics. Higher nickel concentration permits the use of higher current density.
Nickel Sulfamate solutions can be manufactured in a number of different ways.
The method of manufacture and the reaction parameters influence the final characteristics of the solution and Nickel Sulfamate deposits from these solutions.
Early methods used nickel carbonate as a starting material.
This resulted in an impure product that required a great deal of purification before Nickel Sulfamate could be used as a plating solution.
Nickel Sulfamate deposits provide the most ductile long-lasting deposits.
An additive is used to cause the plating to form uniform hole size with a minimum of closing of the hole as the deposit builds thickness.
This process provides accurate, sharp images for high-quality printing.
A process for preparing nickel Nickel Sulfamate by dissolution of nickel powder in aqueous sulfamic acid solution.
Very rapid Nickel Sulfamate dissolution rate is obtained by oxygenating a suspension of nickel powder in sulfamic acid solution with substantially pure oxygen gas while controlling the pH of the system below about 5.0.
Nickel Sulfamate is customary to produce nickel sulfamate solutions, such as those commonly used in the electro deposition of nickel, by dissolving nickel oxide or nickel carbonate in aqueous solutions of sulfamic acid.
The economics of these procedures is adversely afiected by the fact that nickel oxide and Nickel Sulfamate of desired purity are generally not available except at premium prices.
Accordingly, methods have long been sought whereby nickel sulfamate solutions can be produce rapidly and efiiciently using readily available and standard priced nickel source material.
Since high purity nickel powder is commercially available at standard nickel prices, its use as a nickel source for electroplating solutions is very attractive from an economic point of view.
However, problems are encountered in using Nickel Sulfamate as a nickel source for Nickel Sulfamate solutions which, prior to the present invention, have prevented its widespread use for this purpose.
The amount of nickel maintained in suspension in the solution must be at least the stoichiometric amount required to combine with the available sulfamic acid to fonn nickel sulfamate.
Nickel Sulfamate is preferred, however, especially when coarser powders are employed, to provide nickel in substantial excess of the stoichiometric requirements of the sulfamic acid as the Nickel Sulfamate dissolution rate is enhanced by the presence of excess nickel.
Having regard to various operating factors, three to five times the stoichiometric requirements is generally satisfactory, although the method can be operated with up to 10 times or more stoichiometric.
The total amount of Nickel Sulfamate provided is that required to combine with available nickel to produce the desired Nickel Sulfamate concentration in the final solution.
An important feature of the invention is the control of the sulfamic acid addition to maintain the pH within a range in which hydrolysis of sulfamic acid and nickel sulfamate is minimized.
Nickel Sulfamate is preferred to add the Nickel Sulfamate to the nickel-water slurry in solid form as the dissolution reaction progresses at a rate which will maintain the pH of the system below about 5.0 and preferably in the range of 1.5 to 2.5.
The dissolution reaction is accelerated by oxygenating the suspension, preferably by sparging with substantially pure oxygen gas, and by active agitation to maintain the nickel particles in suspension.
Once the total acid requirements have been added, the reaction is continued with active agitation and oxygenation until the Nickel Sulfamate reaction is substantially complete.
The completion of the reaction is indicated by an abrupt rise in the pH.
Generally, a cycle is terminated when the pH reaches about 5.0.
Nickel Sulfamate Solution are moderate to highly concentrated liquid solutions of Nickel Sulfamate for use in electroplating, solution deposition and other applications.
Nickel Sulfamate is specially produced for use in electrolytic nickel solutions, and is the purest form available commercially.
Nickel Sulfamate is manufactured to demanding specifications from carefully selected raw materials, and is subjected to stringent quality control testing.
Nickel Sulphamate based plating solutions are employed wherever high speed, low stress, heavy Nickel Sulfamate is required.
The solutions are used for reclamation as well as for the production of moulds for plastics and rubber, filters, meshes and screens for the chemical, food, electronic and aircraft industry.
In the printing industry nickel plating is employed for the facing of stereotypes and copper half tone plates in order to provide a hard wear-resistant surface and thus permit a very considerable increase in the number of impressions which can be obtained. Electro-types – duplicates of printing plates – are now generally electroformed in nickel rather than copper.
Nickel sulfamate is the source of the nickel metal.
Concentrations of 90 to 135 g/L (12 to 18 oz/gal) of nickel metal are used in most cases for high-speed plating, when coupled with very high solution agitation.
Current densities of 43 to 430 A/dm2 (400 to 4000 A/ft) have been used.
High metal content is also used to improve throwing power at very low current densities of 0.1 to 0.4 A/dm2 (0.9 to 3.7 A/ft2).
High metal content does not appreciably change the characteristics or properties of the deposit.
Low metal content coupled with moderate to high current densities will cause deposition of basic nickel salts
The physical properties of electrolytic Nickel Sulfamate will be affected by the accumulation of inorganic metallic and organic contaminants.
Therefore, when installing new baths and to maintain the desirable properties of production solutions the following purification procedures are recommended.
Depending on the concentrations and variety of contaminants, one or a combination of the following procedures may be required for effective treatment.
The most common procedures are high pH, electrolytic dummy purification and carbon batch treatment or carbon polishing.
Nickel Sulfamate is a versatile and relatively low cost coating that provides excellent corrosion resistance and a high tensile strength.
Nickel Sulfamate is used in a range of applications and because Nickel Sulfamate has excellent machining properties can be used to rebuild worn and damaged components that can then be machined back to their original size.
Nickel Sulfamate is especially produced for use in quote_buttonelectrolytic nickel solutions, and is the purest form available commercially.
Nickel Sulfamate is manufactured to demanding specifications from carefully selected raw materials, and is subjected to stringent quality control testing.
Nickel sulfamate is an excellent electroplating main salt, is dark green transparent liquid, at high temperature or low pH is susceptible to hydrolysis.
Soluble in water, liquid ammonia, ethanol, slightly soluble in acetone, aqueous solution is acidic, hygroscopic, in moist air deliquescence quickly.
In dry air slowly weathering, will lose four molecules of water upon heating, begins to decompose and form base salts at temperatures above 110℃, continued to heat and generate the mixture of brown-black nickel oxide and green nickel oxide.
Because of its coating with low internal stress, fast plating speed, high solubility, no pollution, becomes one kind of rapidly developed electroplating main salt on the international in recent years, has been widely used in industries such as precision electroplating, electronics, printed circuit board plating, automotive, aerospace, weapons, coinage, metallurgy, nickel screen, radio, nickel-plated, colored metal, nickel catalysts, ceramics brown pigment, and color aluminum alloy.
Nickel sulfamate provides the desired nickel metal ion for nickel plating and plays the role as a conductive salt, nickel salt content is high, can use a higher cathode current density, deposition speed is fast, commonly used for high-speed thick nickel-plated.
But the too high concentration will reduce the polarization of cathode, poor dispersion ability, and plating solution with a large loss.
Nickel sulfamate has low deposition rate, but good dispersing ability, can obtain fine crystal and bright coating. But stability of Nickel sulfamate is poor, the cost is relatively high.
Nickel sulfamate is a sulfuric acid derivative, has an amino functional group and a sulfonic acid functional group, can be performed chemical reaction with a variety of substances, an aqueous solution has equivalent of a strong acidity of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, also known as a solid sulfuric acid, having characteristics of non-volatile, not absorb moisture, no odor and minimal human toxicity.
But the skin cannot be contact with an amino acid for long time, even more cannot enter the eye.
When at the ambient temperature is very stable and can be maintained unchanged for several years; when the temperature reaches 209 ℃, begins to decompose. Soluble in water and liquid ammonia, slightly soluble in methanol, insoluble in alcohol, ether, hydrocarbons and carbon disulfide.
Although its solution is strongly acidic, but corrosivity to metal is small than mineral acid, the effect on iron corrosion products is slow, can add some sodium chloride, to make Nickel sulfamate slow to produce hydrochloric acid, which can effectively dissolve iron dirty.
Also can remove scale and corrosion products of the surface of the devices such as iron, steel, copper and stainless steel.
Nickel sulfamate is the only useful as cleaning acid for galvanized metal surface.
When the use of sulfamic acid aqueous solution to clean, the temperature is controlled not to exceed 66 ℃ (to prevent decomposition of sulfamic acid), concentration does not exceed 10%.
USES:
Nickel Sulfamate is used in the traditional surface treatment, in the electronics industry, aeronautics, electroforming, rapid “reel to reel” type coatings We recommend using depolarized nickel anodes or S nickel pellets in titanium baskets.
-Great plating salt which is quick plating
-low inner stress
-high solubility
-Widely used in electron
-automobile
-spaceflight
-weapon
-coinage
-metallurgy
-nickel net
-radio
-color aluminum alloy
-For electroplating of precision instruments.
-For the electronics industry.
-Mainly used for precision electroplating, the advantages of plating are low internal stress and fast deposition rate.
APPLICATIONS:
The entire nickel content of the SN-10 solution is in the form of nickel sulfamate.
In a properly operated Nickel Sulfamate solution, nickel concentration is lowered only through drag-out, as nickel anode corrosion maintains the nickel concentration during plating.
When necessary, the nickel metal content can be raised by the addition of SN-10 concentrate.
Operation at low Nickel Sulfamate concentrations can cause burning at normal current densities as well as a decrease in solution conductivity and cathode efficiency.
Higher metal content permits operation at higher current densities if proper anode material is used.
PROPERTIES:
-green crystal
-Easily soluble in water
-slightly soluble in acetone
-the aqueous solution is acidic
-hygroscopic
-moisture quickly in moist air deliquescent
CHARACTERISTICS:
-Compound Formula: H4N2NiO6S2
-Molecular Weight: 250.86
-Appearance: Green liquid
-Density: 1.545-1.565 g/mL
-Exact Mass: 249.88642 g/mol
-Monoisotopic Mass: 249.88642 g/mol
BENEFITS:
Nickel Sulfamate Plating produces a deposit which is 99% pure Nickel, and dense in nature.
This high level of purity enhances components with an excellent level of corrosion resistance whilst being able to operate at high temperatures of up to 1400 Celsius.
Nickel Sulfamate also offer a combination of high tensile strength whilst still being one of the most machinable of coatings.
These attributes are what make Nickel Sulfamate popular for use in repair and reclamation of worn parts.
Nickel Sulfamate is not susceptible to stress cracking or deformation.
Nickel Sulfamate can be used in food applications where its excellent thermal transfer capabilities are required and Nickel Sulfamate can be used as a base coat to increase the corrosion resistance of Chrome plated parts.
CHEMICAL IDENTIFIERS:
-Linear Formula: Ni(SO3NH2)2
-MDL Number: MFCD00137261
-EC No.: 237-396-1
-Pubchem CID: 83720
-IUPAC Name: nickel(2+); disulfamate; hydrate
-SMILES: [Ni+2].O.O.O.O.NS(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S(N)(=O)=O
-InchI Identifier: InChI=1S/2H3NO3S.Ni.4H2O/c2*1-5(2,3)4;;;;;/h2*(H3,1,2,3,4);;4*1H2/q;;+2;;;;/p-2
-InchI Key: TXRHHNYLWVQULI-UHFFFAOYSA-L
PROCESS:
Nickel Sulfamate is suitable for a wide range of metals including all Ferrous Alloys such as Mild and Stainless Steel, Cuprous Alloys such as Copper as well as Aluminium Alloys and Exotic metals.
Exotic metals include materials such as Inconel, Monel and Hastealloy.
Nickel Sulfamate is an electro-plating technique in which parts are placed into a vat containing an electrolytic solution and a current is run into the bath promoting the build-up of the Nickel Sulfamate onto the component.
In order to obtain the best possible results, parts will first be subject to a number of pre-treatments depending on their material which are all carried out in house.
FEATURES:
-Is an inorganic compound
-Highly soluble
-Blue-colored salt
ADVANTAGES:
-Resistance to high temperature
-High tensile strength
-Easily machinable & solderable
-Superior ductility and elongation without stress cracking or deformation
SPECIFICATIONS:
-Quality Level: 100
-assay: N98%
-form: solid
-application(s): battery manufacturing
-SMILES string: O.O.O.O.[Ni++].NS([O-])(=O)=O.NS([O-])(=O)=O
-InChI: 1S/2H3NO3S.Ni.4H2O/c2*1-5(2,3)4;;;;;/h2*(H3,1,2,3,4);;4*1H2/q;;+2;;;;/p-2
-InChI key: TXRHHNYLWVQULI-UHFFFAOYSA-L
STORAGE:
Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse.
should be kept away from oxidizer, do not store together.
The storage area should be provided with suitable containers to contain spills.
SYNONYM:
Nickel(II) sulfamate
nickel(2+);disulfamate
Sulfamic acid, nickel(2+) salt (2:1)
Aeronikl 250
Aeronikl 400
Aeronikl 575
Nickel (II) sulfamate
EINECS 237-396-1
NSC 78888
Nickel sulfamate (6CI,7CI)
AI3-18003
Nickel Aminosulfonate
Nckel bs(sulphamdate)
ACMC-1BO5W
Nickel Sulfamate 24 oz.
NICKEL(II)SULFAMATE
EC 237-396-1
DTXSID2065622
AKOS015856724
J-523597
Q10373228
