PERACETIC ACID

CAS NO:79-21-0
EC NO:201-186-8

Peracetic acid (also known as peroxyacetic acid, or PAA), is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO3H. This organic peroxide is a colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor reminiscent of acetic acid. 
Peracetic acid can be highly corrosive.

Peracetic acid is a weaker acid than the parent acetic acid, with a pKa of 8.2.

Properties:
Chemical formula:    CH3CO3H
Molar mass:    76.05 g/mol
Appearance:    Colorless liquid
Density:    1.0375 g/mL
Melting point:    0 °C (32 °F; 273 K)[2]
Boiling point:    105 °C (221 °F; 378 K) 25 C @ (1.6 kPa)[2]
Acidity (pKa):    8.2
Refractive index (nD):    1.3974 (589 nm, 20 °C)[2]
Viscosity:    3.280 cP

Production
Peracetic acid is produced industrially by the autoxidation of acetaldehyde:
O2 + CH3CHO → CH3CO3H

Peracetic acid forms upon treatment of acetic acid with hydrogen peroxide with a strong acid catalyst:
H2O2 + CH3CO2H ⇌ CH3CO3H + H2O

As an alternative, acetyl chloride and acetic anhydride can be used to generate a solution of the acid with lower water content.

Peracetic acid is generated in situ by some laundry detergents. This route involves the reaction of tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) in the presence of an alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution. The peracetic acid is a more effective bleaching agent than hydrogen peroxide itself.
Peracetic acid is also formed naturally in the environment through a series of photochemical reactions involving formaldehyde and photo-oxidant radicals.

Peracetic acid is always sold in solution as a mixture with acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide to maintain its stability. The concentration of the acid as the active ingredient can vary.

Uses:
The United States Environmental Protection Agency first registered peracetic acid as an antimicrobial in 1985 for indoor use on hard surfaces. Use sites include agricultural premises, food establishments, medical facilities, and home bathrooms. 
Peracetic acid is also registered for use in dairy and cheese processing plants, on food processing equipment, and in pasteurizers in breweries, wineries, and beverage plants.
Peracetic acid is also applied for the disinfection of medical supplies, to prevent biofilm formation in pulp industries, and as a water purifier and disinfectant. 
Peracetic acid can be used as a cooling tower water disinfectant, where it prevents biofilm formation and effectively controls Legionella bacteria. A trade name for peracetic acid as an antimicrobial is Nu-Cidex.

In the European Union, Peroxyacetic acid was reported by the EFSA after submission in 2013 by the US Department of Agriculture .

Decontamination kits for cleaning fentanyl analogues from surfaces (as used by many police forces, amongst others) often contain solid peracetyl borate, which mixes with water to produce peracetic acid.

Epoxidation:
Although less active than more acidic peracids (e.g., m-CPBA), peracetic acid in various forms is used for the epoxidation of various alkenes. Useful application are for unsaturated fats, synthetic and natural rubbers, and some natural products such as pinene. A variety of factors affect the amount of free acid or sulfuric acid (used to prepare the peracid in the first place).

Peracetic acid is a colorless liquid with a strong, pungent acrid odor. Used as a bactericide and fungicide, especially in food processing; as a reagent in making caprolactam and glycerol; as an oxidant for preparing epoxy compounds; as a bleaching agent; a sterilizing agent; and as a polymerization catalyst for polyester resins. 

Peracetic acid is a peroxy acid that is acetic acid in which the OH group is substituted by a hydroperoxy group. 
Peracetic acid is a versatile oxidising agent that is used as a disinfectant. 
Peracetic acid has a role as an oxidising agent and a disinfectant. 
Peracetic acid derives from an acetic acid.

Peracetic acid is a natural product found in Nelumbo nucifera with data available.

Industry Uses:    
-Bleaching agents
-Fuels and fuel additives
-Intermediates
-Oxidizing/reducing agents
-Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
-Sterilant in medical equipment device

Consumer Uses:    
-Agricultural products (non-pesticidal)
-Cleaning and furnishing care products
-Laundry and dishwashing products
-Non-TSCA use
-Strong oxidizing agent used as a disinfectant.
-Water treatment products

Industry Processing Sectors:
-All other basic organic chemical manufacturing
-Miscellaneous manufacturing
-Pesticide, fertilizer, and other agricultural chemical manufacturing
-Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing
-Soap, cleaning compound, and toilet preparation manufacturing
-Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing

Peracetic acid is a highly biocidal oxidizer that maintains its efficacy in the presence of organic soil. 
Peracetic acid removes surface contaminants (primarily protein) on endoscopic tubing.

Peracetic acid (CAS No. 79-21-0), also known as peroxyacetic acid or PAA, is an organic chemical compound used in numerous applications, including chemical disinfectant in healthcare, sanitizer in the food industry, and disinfectant during water treatment. 
Peracetic acid has also previously been used during the manufacture of chemical intermediates for pharmaceuticals. 

Peracetic acid (C2H4O3) is a mixture of acetic acid (CH3COOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in a watery solution. 
Peracetic acid is a bright, colorless liquid that has a piercing odor and a low pH value (2,8). 

Peracetic acid can also be produced by oxidation of acethaldehyde. 
Peracetic acid is usually produced in concentrations of 5-15%.
When peracetic acid dissolves in water, it disintegrates to hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid, which will fall apart to water, oxygen and carbon dioxide. 
Peracetic acid degradation products are non-toxic and can easily dissolve in water.
Peracetic acid is a very powerful oxidant; the oxidation potential outranges that of chlorine and chlorine dioxide.

Peracetic acid is used mainly in the food industry, where it is applied as a cleanser and as a disinfectant. Since the early 1950’s, acetic acid was applied for bacteria and fungi removal from fruits and vegetables. 
Peracetic acid was also used for the disinfection of recicled rinsing water for foodstuffs.
Nowadays peracetic acid is applied for the disinfection of medical supplies and to prevent bio film formation in pulp industries. 
Peracetic acid can be applied during water purification as a disinfectant and for plumming disinfection.
Peracetic acid is suitable for cooling tower water disinfection; it affectively prevents bio film formation and controls Legionella bacteria.

Formula: C2H4O3 / CH3COOOH
Molecular mass: 76.1
Decomposes at >50°C
Melting point: 0°C
Relative density (water = 1): 1.2
Solubility in water: miscible
Vapour pressure, kPa at 20°C: 2.6
Relative vapour density (air = 1): 2.6
Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20°C (air = 1): 1.04
Flash point: 40.5°C o.c.
Auto-ignition temperature: 200°C
Explosive limits, vol% in air: see Notes 

Peracetic acid is an excellent bactericide and fungicide, used mostly in the environment of the hospital. 

Peracetic acid (PAA) is produced by mixing acetic acid with hydrogen peroxide. In addition to peracetic acid, the resulting liquid concentrate also contains acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, water and stabilizers.

Peracetic acid is a reliable disinfectant and is used in a wide range of fields:
-Commercial launderettes
-Food and drinks industry
-Agriculture/veterinary hygiene
-Pulp and paper industry
-Water and wastewater treatment
-Hospital hygiene

Peracetic Acid is a disinfectant chemical used by hospitals and the food processing industry. 
Peracetic Acid  is very effective for killing microscopic organisms hiding in and on surfaces. Within minutes, it can wipe out bacteria, fungi, yeasts, spores and viruses.

Chemical Properties of Peracetic Acid:
Combining hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid and water will produce Peracetic Acid. Peracetic Acid  is a colorless liquid, highly reactive and has a strong vinegar like odor that you can smell at very low levels. 
Peracetic Acid 's most effective at high concentration levels, which produces a gas vapor that is hazardous with acute exposure.

Peracetic acid (also known as peroxyacetic acid, or PAA), is an organic compound. Peracetic acid is a colorless liquid with a characteristic pungent odor reminiscent of household vinegar. Commercially available Peracetic acid products contain an equilibrium of PAA, hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid, and water. Peracetic acid is a powerful antimicrobial agent due to its high oxidizing potential. 
Peracetic acid is highly effective against a broad range of microorganisms and can be sporicidal. In addition, Peracetic acid breaks down in food to safe and environmentally friendly residues (acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide), and, therefore, can be used in non-rinse food contact surface applications. Some PAA products are effective against C.
Peracetic acid is generally used only when necessary, due to its strong odor and potential damage to some surfaces.

Peracetic Acid (PAA) is a powerful disinfectant due to its high oxidizing potential, effectiveness against a broad range of microorganisms and its favorable environmental profile. 

Peracetic Acid is a liquid organic acid and a very powerful oxidizer. 
Peracetic Acid has a unique oxygen/oxygen bond arrangement that rapidly releases oxygen to destroy bacteria and oxidize unwanted odors (e.g., hydrogen sulfide) and compounds. When Peracetic Acid is applied to a process it quickly degrades into non-harmful byproducts, acetic acid (a component found in table vinegar) and water. The residual acetic acid eats away at any inorganic scale and then breaks down into carbon dioxide and water.

Highly effective against a broad range of microorganisms, peracetic acid is the ideal antimicrobial agent for applications across various industries, including agriculture, food processing, water treatment, pulp & paper, and more.

The primary use of Peracetic Acid is to sanitize and disinfect food processing operations. 
Peracetic Acid is also used to remove pathogenic bacteria strains found in beef/pork/poultry as well as in fruit and vegetables. 

Peracetic Acid is the product of choice in food processing because of its ease of use, rapid kill, and breakdown into non-harmful biproducts. More importantly, Peracetic Acid is known as the “cold” sanitizer and is extremely effective at ambient temperatures. The oil and gas industry uses Peracetic Acid to protect carbon steel piping and equipment from corrosive attack resulting from sulfide forming bacteria. 
Peracetic Acid is also used to eliminate harmful hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas emissions at well sites and is used to control nuisance odors emitted from animal processing plants and wastewater treatment facilitates. Lastly, Peracetic Acid is the product of choice for cooling tower treatments because of its effectiveness in removing biofilm and its favorable aquatic toxicity profile.

 
Peracetic Acid is a two-carbon organic acid that contains lots of oxygen ready for release in the presence of bacteria. The mode of action is oxidation of bacteria cells. The cell walls are quickly destroyed resulting in annihilation of biofilm and bacteria colonies. Unlike hops acid which is only effective against Gram (+) bacteria, Peracetic Acid is effective at killing both Gram (+) (e.g., lactobacillus) and Gram (-) (e.g., acetobacter) bacteria. Because Peracetic Acid is a heavy, stable liquid that is very soluble in water, it is many times more effective than conventional oxidizers like bleach, peroxide, and chlorine dioxide. Unlike SO2 and ammonium bisulfite, the byproducts of PAA will not become a food source for bacteria.

Peracetic Acid (PAA) is an organic peroxide compound with the formula CH₃CO₃H. Peracetic Acid’s environmentally-friendly as it hydrolyzes to acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide in water.

Peracetic Acid’s a broad-spectrum biocide with a fast reaction time (minutes rather than hours), and leaves no harmful by-products. 
Peracetic Acid is also a strong oxidant and disinfectant with oxidation potential higher than that of chlorine or chlorine dioxide.

Peracetic Acid is available in the form of equilibrium mixture which also contains hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid (vinegar) and water as shown by the following equation:

H3CO2H + H2O2 = CH3CO3H + H2O

Acetic Acid + Hydrogen Peroxide = Peracetic Acid + Water

APPLICATIONS:
-Industrial
-Municipal

Peracetic acid (PAA) is a versatile oxidizing disinfectant that is formed from a reaction between acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide. 
Peracetic acid is commonly used as a sanitizing agent in the food and beverage industries to disinfect equipment, pasteurizers, tanks, pipelines, evaporators, fillers, and contact surfaces in food processing plants. The pulp and paper industry uses peracetic acid as a delignification and bleaching agent. 
Peracetic acid is also becoming a popular biocide in wastewater treatment and is even used in aquaculture tanks. Part of Peracetic acid’s rising popularity is because it decomposes into non-toxic by-products.

Peracetic acid is an equilibrium mixture of hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid, proprietary ingredients, and water. 
Peracetic acid breaks down to water, oxygen, and vinegar, making it environmentally friendly for use across multiple industries.

Peracetic acid is also a multifaceted water management tool that is utilized in chemical treatment programs for drilling, completion, and production operations within the oil and gas industry. 
Peracetic acid is an effective biocide and has been shown to significantly reduce or eliminate hydrogen sulfide, iron sulfide, scale deposits, and other oilfield contaminants.

About Peracetic acid
Helpful information
Peracetic acid is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 to < 10 000 tonnes per annum.

Peracetic acid is used by consumers, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Biocidal Uses
Peracetic acid is approved for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: human hygiene, disinfection, disinfection, veterinary hygiene, veterinary hygiene, food and animals feeds, food and animals feeds, drinking water, product preservation, preservation for liquid systems, controlling slimes.

Peracetic acid is being reviewed for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: disinfection, disinfection.

Consumer Uses
Peracetic acid is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products.
Other release to the environment of Peracetic acid is likely to occur from: indoor use as reactive substance.

Article service life
ECHA has no public registered data on the routes by which Peracetic acid is most likely to be released to the environment. ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or into which articles the substance might have been processed.

Widespread uses by professional workers
Peracetic acid is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products) and laboratory chemicals.
Peracetic acid is used in the following areas: health services, scientific research and development and agriculture, forestry and fishing.
Peracetic acid is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur and food products.
Other release to the environment of Peracetic acid is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and indoor use in close systems with minimal release (e.g. cooling liquids in refrigerators, oil-based electric heaters).

Formulation or re-packing
Peracetic acid is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, textile treatment products and dyes, biocides (e.g. disinfectants, pest control products), paper chemicals and dyes and water treatment chemicals.
Release to the environment of Peracetic acid can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures.
Uses at industrial sites
Peracetic acid is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, paper chemicals and dyes, textile treatment products and dyes and perfumes and fragrances.
Peracetic acid has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Peracetic acid is used in the following areas: health services.
Peracetic acid is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur, chemicals, pulp, paper and paper products and food products.
Release to the environment of Peracetic acid can occur from industrial use: as processing aid and in processing aids at industrial sites.

Manufacture
Release to the environment of Peracetic acid can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.

Chemical Properties:    
colourless liquid with an acrid odour

Uses:    
Environmentally friendly biocide; disinfectant in the food and beverage industry; bleaching agent for textiles and paper. Oxidizing agent in organic synthesis.

Uses:    
Peracetic acid is used as an epoxidizingagent, for bleaching, as a germicide and fungicide, and in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.
Peracetic acids solution Dialox is used as a cleansing andsterilizing agent in the reuse of highly permeable dialyzers.

Uses:    
This microprocessor-controlled, low-temperature sterilization agent is a strong oxidizing disinfectant against a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Peracetic acid is active against many microorganisms, such as gram-positive and -negative bacteria, fungi, spores, and yeast. This ideal antimicrobial agent is primarily used in food processing and handling as a sanitizer for food contact surfaces. 
Peracetic acid is also used to disinfect medical supplies and prevent biofilm formation in pulp industries. 
Peracetic acid can be applied during water purification as a disinfectant and for plumbing disinfection. 
Peracetic acid is suitable for disinfecting cooling tower water and effectively prevents biofilm formation and controls Legionella bacteria.

Production Methods:    
Peracetic acid (PAA) is a mixture of acetic acid (CH3COOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in an aqueous solution. 
Peracetic acid is a very strong oxidizing agent and has stronger oxidation potential than chlorine or chlorine dioxide. Liquid, clear, and colorless with no foaming capability. 
Peracetic acid has a strong pungent acetic acid odor, and the pH is acid . 
Peracetic acid is produced by reacting acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide. The reaction is allowed to continue for up to 10 days in order to achieve high yields of product. Additional methods of preparation involve the oxidation of acetaldehyde or alternatively as an end product of the reaction of acetic anhydride, hydrogen peroxide, and sulfuric acid. Another method involves the reaction of tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) in the presence of an alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution.

General Description:    
Colorless liquid with a strong, pungent acrid odor. Used as a bactericide and fungicide, especially in food processing; as a reagent in making caprolactam and glycerol; as an oxidant for preparing epoxy compounds; as a bleaching agent; a sterilizing agent; and as a polymerization catalyst for polyester resins.

IUPAC names:
Ethaneperoxoic acid
ethaneperoxoic acid
PAA
PERACETIC ACID
Peracetic acid
peracetic acid
Peracetic Acid
Peracetic acid
peracetic acid . . . %
peracetic acid ...%
Peracetic acid anhydrous
Peracetic acid generated by perhydrolysis of N-acetylcaprolactam by hydrogen peroxide in alkaline conditions
Peracetic acid generated from 1,3-diacetyloxypropan-2-yl acetate and hydrogen peroxide
Peracetic acid generated from tetra-acetylethylenediamine (TAED) and sodium percarbonate
Peracetic acid generated from tetraacetylethylenediamine and hydrogen peroxide
Peroxyacetic Acid
peroxyacetic acid
Peroxyacetic acid - Aqueous stabilised solution
Peroxyethanoic Acid
Reaction mass of 64-19-7 and 7722-84-1
Reaction mass of hydrogen peroxide and water

SYNONYMS:
1098464
201-186-8 [EINECS]
4-02-00-00390 [Beilstein]
79-21-0 [RN]
Acetyl hydroperoxide
Acide éthaneperoxoïque [French] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Acide peracetique [French]
Acide peroxyacetique [French]
Acido peroxiacetico [Spanish]
Ethaneperoxic acid
Ethaneperoxoic acid [ACD/Index Name] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Ethanperoxosäure [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
I6KPI2E1HD
Kyselina peroxyoctova [Czech]
MFCD00002128
Peracetic acid [Wiki]
Peracetic acid solution
Peroxoacetic acid
peroxyacetic acid
UNII-I6KPI2E1HD
2-hydroperoxyacetic acid
Acecide [Trade name]
Acetic peroxide
Aceticperoxide
Desoxon 1
Estosteril
Ethaneperoxoic acid, 9CI
Hydroperoxide, acetyl
InChI=1S/C2H4O3/c1-2(3)5-4/h4H,1H3
Monoperacetic acid
NCGC00166305-01
Osbon AC
PAA
peracetate
Peracetic acid solution 32 wt. % in dilute acetic acid
Peracetic acidmissing
PERACETICACID
Peroxacetic acid
peroxyaceticacid
peroxyethanoic acid