PHOSPHORIC ACID 85%

Phosphoric Acid 85% is a concentrated aqueous solution of phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) containing approximately 85% acid and 15% water by weight.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is widely used in industrial, food, laboratory, and chemical processing applications.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is one of the most common commercial grades of phosphoric acid.

CAS Number: 7664-38-2
Molecular Formula: H3O4P
Molecular Weight: 98
EINECS Number: 231-633-2

Synonyms: Phosphoric acid, 7664-38-2, ORTHOPHOSPHORIC ACID, o-Phosphoric acid, Wc-reiniger, Acidum phosphoricum, Sonac, Phosphorsaeure, Evits, Acide phosphorique, Phosphoricum acidum, Acido fosforico, Phosphorsaeureloesungen, FEMA No. 2900, Fosforzuuroplossingen, Vococid, White phosphoric acid, Amberphos 54, DTXSID5024263, NSC-80804, E4GA8884NN, INS NO.338, INS-338, Y-11A06, DTXCID804263, E 338, E-338, CHEBI:26078, NSC80804, E338, Phosphoric acid (aqueous), Naturasil Acne, Pre-Sept Activator, Naturasil Bite Relief, Phosphoricum acidum 6C, RefChem:6669, Naturasil Cherry Angiomas, Phosphoricum acidum 200C, Phosphoricum Acidum Kit Refill, Bestmade Natural Products Phos Acid, C 134, 231-633-2, 616-646-7, C 434, hydron;phosphate, ortho-phosphoric acid, Phosphoric acid [NF], H3PO4, H3O4P, MFCD00011340, Phosphoric acid (NF), NCGC00091005-01, Caswell No. 662, Phosphoric acid, ortho-, Acido fosforico [Italian], Acide phosphorique [French], Fosforzuuroplossingen [Dutch], CAS-7664-38-2, CCRIS 2949, Phosphorsaeureloesungen [German], HSDB 1187, trihydroxidooxidophosphorus, Phosphoric acid, ACS reagent, >=85 wt. % in H2O, EINECS 231-633-2, NSC 80804, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076001, UNII-E4GA8884NN, phosphoric cid, Ortho-phosphate, phosphor-ic acid, NFB Orthophosphate, 2HP, Orthophosphate(3-), ortho phosphoric acid, Phosphate ion(3-), tetraoxophosphoric acid, Phosphate anion(3-), Phosphate (PO43-), Phosphoric acid, 75%, Phosphoric acid, 85%, SCHEMBL22, Orthophosphate (PO43-), Phosphoric acid ion(3-), Phosphate ion (PO43-), EC 231-633-2, CHEMBL1187, Phosphoric acid, 10% v/v, Phosphoric acid, Crystalline, Phosphate standard concentrate, PHOSPHORIC ACID [II], PHOSPHORIC ACID [MI], PHOSPHORIC ACID [FCC], SCHEMBL247754, PHOSPHORIC ACID [FHFI], PHOSPHORIC ACID [HSDB], SCHEMBL2050097, PHOSPHORIC ACID [VANDF], PHOSPHORIC ACID [MART.], Phosphoric acid, AR, >=88%, Phosphoric acid, technical grade, [PO(OH)3], BDBM14671, H3 P O4, PHOSPHORIC ACID [USP-RS], PHOSPHORIC ACID [WHO-DD], trihydrogen tetraoxophosphate(3-), Phosphoric acid, AR, 88-93%, Phosphoric acid, LR, 88-93%, PHOSPHORICUM ACIDUM [HPUS], Phosphoric acid, 85%, ACS grade, Phosphoric acid, puriss., >=99%, Phosphoric acid, 85%, HPLC grade, Tox21_111053, Tox21_202285, Tox21_303246, Phosphoric acid, ACS reagent, 85%, PHOSPHORIC ACID [ORANGE BOOK], Phosphoric acid, for HPLC, >=85%, AKOS028109726, DB09394, FP36491, Phosphoric acid, 1M (+/- 0.05M), NCGC00091005-02, NCGC00257071-01, NCGC00259834-01, 62046-92-8, Phosphoric acid [UN1805] [Corrosive], Phosphoric acid, BioUltra, >=85% (T), NS00013561, P1745, Phosphoric acid, SAJ first grade, >=85.0%, C00009, D05467, Phosphoric acid, JIS special grade, >=85.0%, Q184782, ETIDRONATE DISODIUM IMPURITY A [EP IMPURITY], Q27110336, Phosphoric acid, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, 85%, Phosphoric acid, 85% in H2O, 99.99% trace metal basis, ZOLEDRONIC ACID MONOHYDRATE IMPURITY F [EP IMPURITY], 730A9101-D5DE-4668-97CA-7B6178B84417, Phosphoric acid, crystalline, >=99.999% trace metals basis, Phosphoric acid, puriss. p.a., crystallized, >=99.0% (T), PAMIDRONATE DISODIUM PENTAHYDRATE IMPURITY B [EP IMPURITY], Phosphoric acid, 85 wt. % in H2O, 99.99% trace metals basis, Phosphoric acid, BioReagent, suitable for insect cell culture, 85%, Phosphoric acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, ortho-Phosphoric acid (3 N), 1 mol/l - 3 N volumetric standard solution, Phosphoric acid, >=85 wt. % in H2O, >=99.999% trace metals basis, Phosphoric acid, semiconductor grade VLSI PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17644), ortho-Phosphoric acid (0,3 N), 0,1 mol/l-0,3 N volumetric standard solution, Phosphoric acid, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=85%, Phosphoric acid, semiconductor grade MOS PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17938), >=85%, Phosphoric acid, semiconductor grade PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17861), >=85%, Phosphoric acid, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, NF, FCC, 85.0-88.0%, phosphoricacidsolutions;Phosphorsaeureloesungen;Sonac;wc-reiniger;White phosphoric acid;whitephosphoricacid;phosphoric acid for technical;phosphoric acid，technical，highly purified

Phosphoric Acid 85% is a triprotic inorganic acid.
Phosphoric Acid 85% contains three acidic hydrogen atoms that can dissociate stepwise in solution.
This allows it to participate in buffering, neutralization, and salt-forming reactions.

Phosphoric Acid 85% was prepared first by Robert Boyle in 1694 by dissolving phosphorus pentoxide in water. 
Phosphoric Acid 85% is probably the most important compound of phosphorus. 
Phosphoric Acid 85% is the second largest inorganic chemical by volume, after sulfuric acid, marketed in the United States.

The single most important application of Phosphoric acid is manufacturing phosphate salts for fertilizers. 
Such fertilizer phosphates include sodium, calcium, ammonium, and potassium phosphates. 
Other applications are in metal pickling and surface treatment for removal of metal oxides from metal surfaces; electropolishing of aluminum; as a bonding agent in various refractory products such as alumina and magnesia; as a catalyst in making nylon and gasoline; as a dehydrating agent; in fireproofing wood and fabrics; in lithographic engraving; in textile dyeing; in dental cement; in coagulating rubber latex; in purifying hydrogen peroxide; and as a laboratory reagent. 

Dilute solutions of phosphoric acid are used as additives to carbonated beverages for a pleasing sour taste. 
Also, dilute acid is used in refining sugar; as a nutrient; and as a buffering agent in preparing jam, jelly, and antibiotics. 
The commercial phosphoric acid is 85% (w/w) in strength.

Phosphoric Acid 85% is a colorless, odorless, crystalline solid or a thick syrupy liquid. Physical state is strength and temperature dependent.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is a colorless, odorless phosphorus-containing solid, and inorganic compound with the chemical formula H3PO4. 
It is commonly encountered as an 85% aqueous solution, which is a colourless, odourless, and non-volatile syrupy liquid. 

Phosphoric Acid 85% is a major industrial chemical, being a component of many fertilizers.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is a clear, colorless to slightly viscous liquid.
It is odorless and highly soluble in water.

The concentrated solution has a syrup-like consistency compared to dilute acid.
Phosphoric acid 85% is stable under normal storage conditions.
It does not readily decompose but may crystallize at lower temperatures.

Phosphoric Acid 85% is non-volatile compared to many mineral acids.
Functionally, phosphoric acid acts as an acidifying agent and pH adjuster.
It is widely used to control acidity in chemical and industrial processes.

Phosphoric Acid 85% forms phosphate salts upon reaction with bases.
In industrial chemistry, phosphoric acid 85% is a key raw material for phosphate production.
It is used to manufacture fertilizers, detergents, water-treatment chemicals, and food additives.

Phosphate derivatives are essential in many industries.
In laboratory settings, phosphoric acid 85% is used for buffer preparation, acid-catalyzed reactions, and analytical procedures.
Its moderate strength and stability make it versatile.

Phosphoric Acid 85% is less aggressive than strong mineral acids like hydrochloric or sulfuric acid.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is best described as a concentrated inorganic acid solution used for acidification, salt formation, and phosphate production.
Its importance lies in its chemical versatility, stability, and widespread industrial use.

Phosphoric Acid 85% is commonly produced by the wet-process or thermal-process methods.
The wet process uses phosphate rock and sulfuric acid, mainly for fertilizer production.
The thermal process yields higher-purity acid used in food and technical applications.

In materials processing, phosphoric acid 85% is used for surface treatment and metal preparation.
Phosphoric Acid 85% can convert rust (iron oxides) into stable iron phosphate layers.
This improves corrosion resistance and paint adhesion.

The acid demonstrates good buffering capacity when partially neutralized.
Mixtures of phosphoric acid and phosphate salts are widely used to maintain controlled pH.
This is important in biological, chemical, and industrial systems.

Phosphoric Acid 85% is less aggressive toward certain materials than hydrochloric or nitric acid.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is often selected where controlled acidity without strong oxidation is desired.
This makes it suitable for delicate metal treatments.

Molecular formula: H3PO4
Molecular weight: 97.99 g/mol
Melting point: ~40 °C
Boiling point: 158 °C
Density: 1.685 g/mL (25 °C)
Specific gravity: 1.7
Vapor density: 3.4 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: 2.2 mm Hg (20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.433
Dielectric constant: 61.0
FEMA: 2900 | Phosphoric acid
Storage temperature: No restrictions
Solubility: Soluble in water
Water solubility: Miscible
Form: Solid or viscous liquid
Color: ≤10 APHA
Odor: Odorless
pKa1: 2.1 (25 °C)
pKa2: 7.2 (25 °C)
pKa3: 12.3 (25 °C)
pH range: 1.5
pH (1 mM): 3.06
pH (10 mM): 2.26
pH (100 mM): 1.63
Biological source: Synthetic
λmax (260 nm): Amax ≤0.05
λmax (280 nm): Amax ≤0.04
Merck index: 14,7344
BRN: 1921286
Exposure limits: TLV-TWA 1 mg/m³; TLV-STEL 3 mg/m³
Major application: Battery manufacturing
Cosmetics ingredients functions: Buffering
InChI: 1S/H3O4P/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H3,1,2,3,4)
InChIKey: NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: OP(O)(O)=O
LogP: −2.15

Phosphoric Acid 85% was produced but not identified by alchemists in ancient times. 
Phosphoric Acid 85% derives its name from the element phosphorus, which was discovered in 1669 by Henning Brand (1630 1710).
Scheele subsequently isolated phosphorus from bone ash and produced phosphoric acid by reacting phosphorus and nitric acid. 

Scheele's method replaced bone as the main source of phosphorus rather than urine.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is considered a medium-strength mineral acid compared with hydrochloric or sulfuric acid.
While not as corrosive as some strong acids at equal concentration, it can still cause serious chemical burns.

Its triprotic nature allows stepwise neutralization and buffering behavior.
In aqueous solution, phosphoric acid undergoes three dissociation steps, producing dihydrogen phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, and phosphate ions.
These equilibria make it highly useful in buffer systems.

The acid–base chemistry is well characterized and widely applied.
Phosphoric acid 85% exhibits low volatility, meaning it produces minimal acid vapors at room temperature.
This makes it safer to handle than volatile mineral acids.

However, mist formation during heating or agitation should still be avoided.
The concentrated solution is hygroscopic, meaning it can absorb moisture from the air.
This can slightly dilute the acid over time if containers are not tightly sealed.

Proper storage in closed, corrosion-resistant containers is recommended.
Phosphoric acid 85% reacts with metals to form phosphate salts, sometimes releasing hydrogen gas.
Reaction rates depend on metal type and temperature.

Compatibility with storage materials must be considered.
Phosphoric Acid 85% also participates in dehydration and esterification reactions.
In organic chemistry, it can act as an acid catalyst.

These reactions are important in synthesis and industrial processing.
Phosphoric acid is widely regarded as chemically stable and predictable.
It does not readily oxidize or reduce under normal conditions.

This stability supports consistent industrial performance.
Because of its phosphate content, it plays a central role in nutrient and fertilizer production.
Phosphate compounds derived from phosphoric acid are essential for agriculture.

This makes it economically significant worldwide.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is a versatile, stable, and widely used inorganic acid solution with applications spanning industry, laboratory work, and manufacturing.
The concentrated solution has moderate viscosity, which increases with concentration.

This affects pumping and handling in industrial settings.
Heating slightly reduces viscosity for easier transfer.
Phosphoric acid participates in phosphate ester formation.

These esters are used in plasticizers, flame retardants, and surfactants.
Such derivatives expand its industrial significance.
In food-grade applications (when properly purified), phosphoric acid is used as an acidity regulator.

Phosphoric Acid 85% provides tartness and pH control in beverages.
Only regulated, food-grade material is used for this purpose.
Phosphoric acid 85% can form polyphosphoric acids upon further dehydration.

These higher acids are used in specialty chemical synthesis.
This demonstrates its flexibility as a chemical building block.

Phosphoric Acid 85% is a multifunctional industrial acid valued for stability, buffering ability, and phosphate chemistry versatility.
Its controlled reactivity allows use across a wide range of technical fields.

Uses Of Phosphoric Acid 85%:
Phosphoric acid is second only to sulfuric acid as an industrial acid and consistently ranks the top 10 chemicals used globally.
States, but it is used in a number of other applications. 
Phosphateswere used as builders and water softeners. 

A builder is a substance added to soaps or detergents increase their cleansing power.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is used as an intermediate in the production of animal feed supplements, water treatment chemicals, metal surface treatments, etching agent, and personal care products such as toothpaste. 
Phosphoric Acid 85% is used as a catalyst in the petroleum and polymer industry. 

Phosphoric Acid 85% is used in food as a preservative, an acidulate, and flavor enhancer; it acidifies carbonated drinks such as Coca Cola and Pepsi, giving them a tangy flavor. 
Phosphoric Acid 85% is used as crust remover and metal cleaner. 
Other uses for phosphoric acid include opacity control in glass production, textile dyeing, rubber latex coagulation, and dental cements.

Phosphoric Acid 85% is the most important oxoacid of phosphorus and its main use is in the manufacture of fertilisers.
Within the human body, phosphate is the main phosphorus-containing compound. 
Phosphoric Acid 85% is an inorganic compound and is the salt of phosphoric acid. 

Phosphoric Acid 85% can form organic esters with a variety of compounds and these are important in many biochemical processes. 
Phosphoric Acid 85% has the empirical formula PO43-. 
It is a tetrahedral molecule, where the central phosphorus atom is surrounded by four oxygen atoms.

In biological systems, Phosphoric Acid 85% is often found either as the free ion (inorganic phosphate) or as an ester after reaction with organic compounds (often referred to as organic phosphates). 
Inorganic phosphate (mostly denoted as Pi) is a mixture of HPO42- and H2PO4- at physiological pH.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is an acidulant that is an inorganic acid produced by burning phosphorus in an excess of air, producing phosphorus pentoxide which is dissolved in water to form orthophosphoric acid of varying concentrations. 

Phosphoric Acid 85% is a strong acid which is soluble in water. 
Phosphoric Acid 85% salts are termed phosphates. 
Phosphoric Acid 85% is used as a flavoring acid in cola and root beer beverages to provide desirable acidity and sourness. 

Phosphoric Acid 85% is used as a synergistic antioxidant in vegetable shorten- ings. 
In yeast manufacture, it is used to maintain the acidic ph and provide a source for phosphorus. 
Phosphoric Acid 85% also functions as an acidulant in cheese. 

Phosphoric Acid 85% is also termed orthophosphoric acid.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is widely used in the manufacture of phosphate fertilizers.
It is a primary raw material for producing monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and diammonium phosphate (DAP).

These fertilizers supply essential phosphorus nutrients to crops.
In food and beverage production (food-grade material), phosphoric acid is used as an acidity regulator.
It provides tartness and pH control in soft drinks and processed foods.

Use is strictly regulated for purity and concentration.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is applied in metal surface treatment and rust removal.
It converts iron oxides into iron phosphate coatings.

This improves corrosion resistance and paint adhesion.
In water treatment, phosphoric acid is used to control scaling and corrosion.
It helps form protective phosphate layers in pipelines and equipment.

This improves system durability.
Phosphoric acid is used in the production of phosphate salts and detergents.
Phosphoric Acid 85% serves as a precursor for various sodium and potassium phosphates.

These compounds are used in cleaning products and industrial formulations.
In laboratory and analytical chemistry, phosphoric acid is used to prepare buffer solutions.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is also used in acid-catalyzed reactions and sample preparation.

Its triprotic nature allows precise pH control.
Phosphoric acid 85% is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing.
It acts as a pH adjuster and processing aid.

It is also involved in producing certain pharmaceutical salts.
In chemical synthesis, it functions as an acid catalyst.
Phosphoric Acid 85% promotes dehydration, esterification, and condensation reactions.

This supports fine chemical production.
Phosphoric acid is used in cleaning and descaling formulations.
It removes mineral deposits from equipment and surfaces.

This is common in industrial maintenance.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is used wherever controlled acidity, phosphate production, and corrosion treatment are required across industrial, food, laboratory, and manufacturing sectors.

Safety Profile Of Phosphoric Acid 85%:
Human poison by ingestion, moderately toxic by skin contact. 
A corrosive irritant to eyes, skin, and mucous membranes, and a systemic irritant by inhalation, a common air contaminant. 
A strong acid. Mixtures with nitromethane are explosive, reacts with chlorides + stainless steel to form explosive hydrogen gas. 

Potentially violent reaction with solum tetrahydroborate, dangerous; when heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of POx
Phosphoric Acid 85% presents significant corrosive hazards due to its high concentration.
Although less volatile than some mineral acids, it can cause serious chemical injury.

Phosphoric Acid 85% must be handled with appropriate safety precautions.
Skin contact may cause severe irritation or burns, especially with prolonged exposure.
Concentrated acid can damage tissue and cause pain and redness.

Protective gloves and chemical-resistant clothing are required.
Eye contact can result in serious eye damage.
Symptoms include intense pain, redness, and possible permanent injury.

Immediate and prolonged rinsing with water is essential, and medical attention is required.
Inhalation of acid mist may cause respiratory irritation.
Symptoms can include coughing, throat discomfort, and breathing difficulty.

Adequate ventilation and avoidance of aerosol formation are important.
Ingestion is dangerous and may cause burns to the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract.
Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain may occur.

Immediate medical treatment is necessary.
Phosphoric Acid 85% is not flammable, but it can react with metals to release hydrogen gas, which is flammable.

Phosphoric Acid 85% may also react with strong bases and certain incompatible materials.
Proper storage away from reactive substances is required.