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Pigment Orange 34 is a widely used organic pigment belonging to the azo class, known for its bright orange hue and stability in various applications.
CAS Number: 15782-05-5
Synonyms:
CI Pigment Orange 34,Permanent Orange RL,Azo Orange 34,D&C Orange No. 5 (in some classifications),Orange H5G,Permanent Orange HL,Hansa Orange,Benzidine Orange
Fast Orange RL
Introduction and Background
Pigment Orange 34, a widely used organic pigment, belongs to the azo class of pigments, specifically the monoazo group.
Known for its bright, vivid orange hue, Pigment Orange 34 is extensively applied in paints, plastics, printing inks, and textiles.
Its popularity stems from its strong tinctorial strength, cost-effectiveness, and stability under a variety of conditions.
First developed in the mid-20th century, it has since become a staple in the pigment industry, contributing significantly to coloration technologies in industrial applications.
Chemical Structure and Composition
Pigment Orange 34 is chemically identified as 2-[(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)azo]-N-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-butyramide.
It has the CAS Registry Number 15793-73-4 and falls under the Colour Index (C.I.) designation C.I. Pigment Orange 34 with C.I. number 21115.
Structurally, it consists of an azo (-N=N-) linkage connecting two aromatic systems, one of which contains nitro and methoxy substituents, enhancing the chromophoric system and influencing color properties.
Molecular Formula: C17H16N4O5Molecular Weight: ~356.33 g/mol
The molecular arrangement allows strong absorption of visible light, leading to its intense coloration. The azo bond and functional groups also contribute to stability and resistance to photodegradation.
Synthesis and Manufacturing Processes
The industrial synthesis of Pigment Orange 34 involves diazotization and subsequent coupling reactions:
Diazotization: An aromatic amine such as 2-methoxy-4-nitroaniline is treated with nitrous acid (generated in situ from sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid) under cold conditions to form a diazonium salt.
Coupling Reaction: The diazonium salt is then reacted with an acetoacetanilide derivative, typically N-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxobutanamide, in an alkaline medium to yield the monoazo pigment.
Isolation and Finishing: The pigment is filtered, washed, and dried. Post-treatment may involve surface treatments with surfactants, resins, or dispersing agents to improve dispersion, gloss, and durability.
This process can be fine-tuned to control particle size and crystalline form, directly affecting pigment properties.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Appearance: Bright orange powder
Particle Size: Variable, typically 0.1 to 1.0 microns
Density: ~1.5 g/cm^3
Melting Point: Decomposes before melting
Solubility: Insoluble in water and most organic solvents
Oil Absorption: 30-40 g oil/100g pigment
Lightfastness: Good in full shade, moderate in tint
Heat Stability: Up to 180°C in most applications
The pigment displays excellent dispersion characteristics in both aqueous and solvent systems when properly surface-treated.
Spectral and Optical Characteristics
Pigment Orange 34 has a high chroma and saturation in the orange spectrum:
Maximum Absorption: ~470-500 nm
Reflectance Curve: Sharp dip in the blue region, contributing to orange appearance
Opacity: High, good coverage even at low concentrations
Tinting Strength: Strong, enabling efficient coloration
These properties make it suitable for vibrant shades and color matches in coatings and inks.
Applications in Industry
Paints and Coatings: Widely used in architectural and industrial coatings for metal, wood, and plastics.
Plastics: Compatible with polyolefins, PVC, and polystyrene; suitable for coloring toys, packaging, and components.
Printing Inks: Common in solvent-based and water-based systems for flexographic, gravure, and offset printing.
Textiles: Limited use in pigment printing on fabrics.
Rubber: Used in tire and rubber goods coloration.
Its affordability and performance make it a workhorse pigment across sectors.
Performance Characteristics
Weather Resistance: Moderate; improved by encapsulation or use in topcoats
Chemical Resistance: Good to acids and alkalis
Migration Resistance: Excellent in plastics
Dispersion Stability: Maintains stability in polymer and resin matrices
Compatibility: Works well with a broad range of resins and binders
These traits enhance its utility in both solvent and aqueous systems.
SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT PIGMENT ORANGE 34
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:
If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.
If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas
Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.
Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials
Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.
Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.
If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.
Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product
