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Pine oil is an essential oil obtained by steam or steam-water distillation of the comminuted needles and twigs of dwarf pine.
Main constituents of Pine oil include l-α-pinene, β-pinene, l-limonene, dipentene, l-phellandrene, aldehydes, various esters, and alcohols.
Pine oil has antiphologistic, antirheumatic, antiseptic, antineuralgic, antiviral, antiscorbutic, deodorant, decongestant, diuretic, disinfectant, expectorant, stimulant, tonic, and antifugal properties.
CAS: 8000-26-8
EINECS: 629-665-0
Pine oil can be used to help clear mucus from the lungs.
Pine oil is used as a flavoring agent in foods and beverages and as a flavoring and fragrance in cough and cold medicines, vaporizer fluids, nasal decongestants, and ointments to relief pain.
Pine oil can be used as fragrance in soaps and cosmetics.
Pine oil is also added into ointments and applied directly to the skin to prevent skin infections.
Extractives and their physically modified derivatives.
Pine oil is a derivative of pine tree needles, which are known for their strong aroma.
In fact, one sniff of pine oil might remind you of a Christmas tree.
As with other essential oils, Pine oil has been used in traditional medicine for centuries.
Pine scents and oil extracts are also abundant in everyday items.
These include floor and furniture cleaners, as well as disinfectants and air fresheners.
However, oil extracts are not the same as essential oils because they don’t carry the same medicinal-strength properties.
Essential oils contain multiple chemical compounds that make them so powerful.
As such, essential oils shouldn’t be ingested.
Pine oil is a disinfectant that can be used in household cleaning products.
Pine oil is a glycol ether and cationic surfactant that has been shown to have antimicrobial properties.
Pine oil can be used in vivo as an alternative to copper chloride, which is an anthelmintic drug. Pine oil also has the ability to inhibit multidrug efflux pumps, which are proteins that pump drugs out of bacterial cells, by binding to them.
These pumps are found in bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, but not in human cells.
Pine oil also exhibits some brain functions, including the regulation of synaptic transmission and the modulation of long-term potentiation.
Pine oil-induced enhancement of memory function may be due to its ability to affect brain fatty acids.
Composition
The main components include α-terpineol (30.2%), linalool (24.47%), limonene (17.01%), anethole (14.57%), caryophyllene (3.14%), and eugenol (2.14%).
Pine oil is a higher boiling fraction from turpentine.
Both synthetic and natural pine oil consists mainly of α-terpineol, a C10 alcohol (b.p. 214–217 °C).
The detailed composition of natural Pine oil depends on many factors, such as the species of the host plant.
Synthetic Pine oil is obtained by treating pinene with water in the presence of a catalytic amount of sulfuric acid.
This treatment results in hydration of the alkene and rearrangement of the pinene skeleton, yielding terpineols.
Chemical Properties
Pine oil is obtained in Austria (Tyrol) and other mountainous areas of Central and Southeast Europe by steam distillation of fresh needles and twig tips of Pinus mugo Turra ssp.
mugo and ssp. pumilio (Haenke) Franco.
Pine oil is a colorless liquid with a pleasant, balsamic odor.
d2020 0.858–0.868; n20D 1.474–1.478; α20D 15 ° to 7 °; solubility: 1 vol in ≤10 vol of 90% ethanol.
Content by GC: α-pinene 10–30%;β-pinene 3–14%; 3-carene 5–25%; β-phellandrene 8–17%; limonene 8–14%; bornyl acetate 1–5%.
Pine oil is obtained by steam or steam-water distillation of the comminuted needles and twigs in yields of 0.3 to 0.4%.
The oil has a pleasant aromatic odor and bitter, pungent taste.
Pine oil is a clear, almost colorless, mobile liquid.
Uses and Benefits
Due to its aroma, pine essential oil is notable for its uplifting yet clearing scent.
Because of this, pine essential oil can work as a room scent in a diffuser as well as in cleaning solutions.
The internet is full of anecdotes and articles that claim pine essential oil can offer more health benefits than just a nice scent.
However, most of these claims lack clinical evidence.
Industrially, pine oil was once used in froth flotation for the separation of mineral from ores.
For example, in copper extraction, pine oil is used to condition copper sulfide ores for froth flotation.
Pine oil is also used as a lubricant in small and expensive clockwork instruments.
In alternative medicine Pine oil is used in aromatherapy and as a scent in bath oils.
Pine oil is the essential oil extracted from pine needles.
Pine oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, which is an important ingredient to "melt" cholesterol and remove impurities in blood vessels.
Pine oil can effectively remove excess cholesterol in blood vessels and play a great role in reducing blood viscosity.
At the same time, Pine oil can increase the elasticity of blood vessels and make blood flow smooth.
Pine oil can regulate blood pressure and has a blood pressure lowering effect on hypertensive patients.
Pine oil is also a secret factor that has a two-way regulating effect on blood pressure.
Pine oil has an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells, and the inhibitory effect is significantly enhanced as the concentration of Pine oil increases.
Air fresheners and aromatherapy
Pine oil is often used in air fresheners for homes, offices, and vehicles.
Essential oils, on the other hand, may be used in aromatherapy to create an uplifting and invigorating atmosphere — not just a nice scent.
Inhaling oils like pine may also have clearing effects in the case of illnesses like the common cold.
Skin antimicrobial
Some proponents claim that Pine oil may be used topically (applied to the skin) as an antimicrobial, similar to tea tree oil.
In theory, Pine oil could be used for minor skin infections and burns.
However, research indicates that Pine oil doesn’t have much antimicrobial activity.
Talk to a doctor before using Pine oil for this purpose.
Health Effects
Pine oil is the essential oil extracted from pine needles.
Pine oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids and is an important ingredient for "melting" cholesterol and removing impurities in blood vessels.
Pine oil can effectively remove excess cholesterol in blood vessels and play a great role in reducing blood viscosity.
At the same time, Pine oil can also improve the elasticity of blood vessels, make blood flow smooth, it can regulate blood pressure, and has antihypertensive effect on hypertensive patients.
Pine oil is also a secret factor for two-way regulation of blood pressure.
Pine oil has inhibitory effect on the proliferation of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells, and the inhibitory effect is significantly enhanced with the increase of Pine oil concentration.
Pharmacology
Pinus pumilio oil increased bronchial secretions.
A dose of 500 mg/kg was reported to have no effect in vivo on the metabolism and pharmacological activity of pentobarbitone (25 mg/kg) in rats or in vitro on the metabolism of amidopyrene, p-nitroanisole and aniline by rat liver (Jori et al. 1969).
Intravenous injection of the oil dissolved in sorbitol monostearate water caused no toxic effects in warm-blooded animals and large doses caused no changes in blood pressure, but Pine oil showed digitalis-like action of the isolated toad heart.
Metabolism
Following immersion of young pigs and one human subject for 30 min in baths containing 150 ml of a Pine oil mixture in 450 litres of water, a- and pinene and limonene were detected in the exhaled air within 20 min, reaching maximum levels 50-75 min after the start of the bath and remaining detectable after 1 day.
Exraction Process
At present, the methods used to extract Pine oil at home and abroad mainly include steam distillation, organic solvent extraction, ultrasonic method, etc.
Among them, the steam distillation hair can be obtained by steam distillation of the needles and young branches of the Pinaceae plants Siberian fir and balsam fir.
Supercritical CO2 extraction technology is especially suitable for the separation of unstable natural products and physiologically active substances due to its low extraction temperature, high extraction rate, good separation effect, no solvent residue, short extraction time, energy saving and environmental protection, and high product quality.
Pine oil has shown strong advantages in the extraction and separation of volatile oil.
Synonyms:
pine leaf oil
Dwarf PineOil
Pine Needles Oil
OILOFPINUSPUMILIO
PINUSOILPUMILIO
PINENEEDLEDWARFOIL
Pine fleedle oil,dwarf
PINE NEEDLE, DWARF, OIL (PINUS MUGO TURRA VAR. PUMILIO (HAENKE) ZENARI)
