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POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 8000

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a polymer which is hydrolyzed by ethylene oxide.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 has no toxicity and irritation.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is widely used in various pharmaceutical preparations.

CAS Number: 25322-68-3
EINECS Number: 500-038-2

25322-68-3, POLYETHYLENEGLYCOL 6000, 2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1;Alcox E 160;Alcox E 30;Poly(ethylene oxide),approx. M.W. 900,000;Polyethylene glycol 8000 1550PRACT.;Poly(ethylene glycol),Macrogol 35,000, PEG;Poly(ethylene glycol),Macrogol 3,000, PEG;Poly(ethylene glycol),Macrogol 300, PEG

The toxicity of low molecular weight Polyethylene glycol 8000 is relatively large.
In general, the toxicity of diols is very low.
Topical application of Polyethylene glycol 8000, especially mucosal drug, can cause irritant pain.

In topical lotion, this product can increase the flexibility of the skin, and has a similar moisturizing effect with glycerin.
Diarrhoea can occur in large doses of oral administration.
In injection, the maximum Polyethylene glycol 8000 300 concentration is about 30% (V/V).

Hemolysis could occur when the concentration is more than 40% (V/V).
Polyethylene glycol 8000s are a family of linear polymers formed by a base-catalyzed condensation reaction with repeating ethylene oxide units being added to ethylene.
The molecular formula is (C2H4O)multH2O where mult denotes the average number of oxyethylene groups.

The molecular weight can range from 200 to several million corresponding to the number of oxyethylene groups.
The higher-molecular-weight materials (100 000 to 5 000 000) are also referred to as polyethylene oxides.
The average molecular weight of any specific Polyethylene glycol 8000 product falls within quite narrow limits (°5%).

The number of ethylene oxide units or their approximate molecular weight (e.g., PEG-4 or PEG-200) commonly designates the nomenclature of specific Polyethylene glycol 8000s.
Polyethylene glycol 8000s with amolecular weight less than 600 are liquid, whereas those of molecular weight 1000 and above are solid.
These materials are nonvolatile, water-soluble, tasteless, and odorless.

They are miscible with water, alcohols, esters, ketones, aromatic solvents, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, but immiscible with alkanes, paraffins, waxes, and ethers.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is also known as polyoxirane (PEO).
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a linear polyether obtained by ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide.

The main uses in the field of biomedicine are as follows:
The viscosity of Polyethylene glycol 8000 solution is sensitive to the shear rate and it is not easy for bacteria to grow on Polyethylene glycol 8000.
The condensation polymer of ethylene oxide and water.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a cream matrix for preparing water-soluble drugs.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 can also be used as a solvent for acetylsalicylic acid and caffeine, which is difficult to dissolve in water.
Drug sustained-release and immobilized enzyme carrier.

The Polyethylene glycol 8000 solution is applied to the outer layer of the pill to control the diffusion of drugs in the pill so as to improve the efficacy.
Surface modification of medical polymer materials.
The biocompatibility of medical polymer materials in contact with blood can be improved by adsorption, interception and grafting of two amphiphilic copolymers containing Polyethylene glycol 8000 on the surface of medical polymers.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 can make the membrane of the alkanol contraceptive pill.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 can make hydrophilic anticoagulant polyurethane.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is an osmotic laxative.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 can increase osmotic pressure and absorb moisture in the intestinal cavity, which makes the stool soften and increase in volume, resulting in bowel movement and defecation.
Peg nontoxic and gelatinous nature can be used as a component of denture fixer.
PEG 4000 and PEG 6000 are commonly used to promote cell fusion or protoplast fusion and help organisms (such as yeasts) to take DNA in transformation.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 absorbs water from the solution, so it is also used to concentrate the solution.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is PEG-180-based mold release agent and plasticizer.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 possesses lubricity and humectant properties.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 meets the requirements for use under food additive regulations for indirect use as components of articles intended for use in contact with food.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used in the modification of therapeutic proteins and peptides to enhance its solubility.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is also used in the fabrication of bioactive and immuno isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.

In gas chromatography, Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used as a polar stationary phase.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used as mold release agent and lubricant in fabricating elastomers.
As a dispersant, it is used in toothpastes.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 finds application in blood banking as a potentiator, which is used to detect antigens and antibodies.
In pharmaceutical industry, it is used as tablet and capsule lubricant.
High-molecular weight Polyethylene glycol 8000 that provides enhanced solvency, lubricity, hygroscopicity and other important functional properties in a wide range of formulations.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a compound used to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides to increase their solubility.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is often utilized in mass spectrometry experiments and as a polar stationary phase for Gas Chromatorgraphy.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is also used to preserve objects that have been retrieved from the ocean.

In fabricating elastomers, it functions as a lubricant and mold releasing agent.
In pharmaceuticals, Polyethylene glycol 8000 can function as a tablet and capsule lubricant.
Polyethylene glycol 8000, a hydrophilic polymer, is easily synthesized by the anionic ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide, into a range molecular weights and variety of end groups.

On being incorporated into networks by crosslinking, Polyethylene glycol 8000 can have high water content, forming “hydrogels”.
Hydrogel formation can be initiated by either crosslinking PEG by ionizing radiation or by covalent crosslinking of PEG macromers with reactive chain ends.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a suitable compound with a wide scope in biological applications since it does not elicit any immune responses.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 has been shown to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides for enhanced solubility.
Additionally, photopolymerized PEG hydrogels have emerging applications in the fabrication of bioactive and immune-isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is also used as a fusogen (induces cell hybridization) to obtain hybridomas for monoclonal antibody production.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a Polyethylene glycol 8000 having white to off white color and available in solid flakes or powder form.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 used as a base in the formulation of soap sticks. PEG 8000 has low glycol content and higher crystalinity.
Its high molecular weight mainly prompts its use in pharmaceutical formulations as solvent for oral, topical and parenteral preparations.

The high molecular weight PEG 8000 is soluble in water and organic solvents such as alcohols.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 can blend with other PEG molecular weights to achieve the desired viscosity properties.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is quite stable and does not support microbial growth, even in aqueous solutions.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is soluble in water (500 g/l at 20° C), aromatic hydrocarbons (very soluble), aliphatic hydrocarbons (slightly soluble), and organic solvents.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is suitable as a medium for the fusion of mammalian cells.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 has a wide range of uses including cell fusion for the formation of hybridomas, precipitation of DNA, and to create macromolecular crowding in solutions.

Ultrapure white crystals for molecular biology applications such as precipitation of DNA, nucleic acids, hybridization and fusion of mammalian cells.
Working concentrations of Polyethylene glycol 8000 range from 13% to 40% (w/v).
Prepare the appropriate concentration by dissolving Polyethylene glycol 8000 in sterile H2O, warming if necessary.

Sterilize the solution by passing Polyethylene glycol 8000 through a 0.22-μm filter.
Store the solution at room temperature.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a water-soluble, waxy solid that is used extensively in the several industries.

The high molecular weight Polyethylene glycol 8000 is soluble in water and organic solvents such as alcohols.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 can blend with other PEG molecular weights to achieve the desired viscosity properties.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is quite stable and does not support microbial growth, even in aqueous solutions.

Ultrapure white crystals for molecular biology applications such as precipitation of DNA, nucleic acids, hybridization and fusion of mammalian cells
Polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG) is a polyether compound with many applications from industrial manufacturing to medicine.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 by Dow is PEG-180-based mold release agent and plasticizer.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 possesses lubricity and humectant properties.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 maintains wet-tack strength and is used in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 meets the requirements for use under food additive regulations for indirect use as components of articles intended for use in contact with food.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 cross-linked polymeric materials (hydrogels) are suitable carriers for drug delivery and various other biomedical applications.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a long-chain hydrophilic, crosslinking monomer.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 structure forms a crystalline thermoplastic polyether that is practically water-soluble in applicable concentrations and exhibits very low immunogenicity, antigenicity and toxicity.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 structure is a hydrophilic molecule, having high flexibility.
The excellent aqueous solubility of Polyethylene glycol 8000 is due to the distance of the oxygens in the glycol structure that is similar with the distance of the hydrogens in the water molecule.
This property is unique to Polyethylene glycol 8000s among all other aliphatic polyethers which are commonly not water-soluble.

Most Polyethylene glycol 8000 differ only in their molecular weights, hydroxyl numbers and viscosity profiles.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 are named based on the number of units of ethylene glycol, or on their molecular weights.
Low molecular weight Polyethylene glycol 8000 are in the liquid state, average molecular weight Polyethylene glycol 8000 appear as semisolids or waxy solids, while higher molecular Polyethylene glycol 8000 exist as waxy or crystalline solids in flake or powder form.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is the most biocompatible polymer having applications in fields like pharmaceuticals, medical for tablet film coating formulations, laxatives, food additives & cosmetics.
In the cosmetic field, Polyethylene glycol 8000 are used widely in skin care products combined with glycerin.
The application of Polyethylene glycol 8000, which is important for skin creams, ointments, and suppositories, depends on the melting point of Polyethylene glycol 8000 which depends on the chain length.

The high molecular weight Polyethylene glycol 8000 have approximate melting point ~ 65 °C while lower molecular weight Polyethylene glycol 8000 are liquids.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 can be custom-made in the physiological temperature range (36.1 - 37.2 °C) by blending different molecular weights.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is sold and marketed by several companies under well known trade names that are established for medical, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical purposes.

Pharmaceutical formulations and cosmetics use Polyethylene glycol 8000 with smaller molecular weights.
The lower the molecular weight, it helps the active compounds to penetrate the skin.
In cosmetic application, Polyethylene glycol 8000 can function in three different ways: as emollients which helps to soften and lubricate the skin; as emulsifiers which help mix water- and oil-based ingredients thoroughly, and as delivery vehicles that help transport other ingredients deeper into the skin.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG) is the most widely used “stealth” polymer in the drug delivery field, due to its long history of safety in humans and classification as Generally Regarded as Safe (GRAS) by the FDA.
US FDA’s Inactive Ingredient Guide (IIG) (or Inactive Ingredient Database (IID)) lists the use of Polyethylene glycol 8000 and their maximum concentration in oral, topical, and intravenous formulations.
In the medical field, PEGylating proteins allows to evade the immune system and thereby prolong circulation lifetimes and decrease immunogenicity (the ability of a foreign substance, to provoke an immune response in the human body).

Similarly, coating the surface of nanoparticles with Polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG), or “PEGylation”, is a commonly used approach for improving the efficiency of drug and gene delivery to target cells and tissues.
The FDA approved the first PEGylated nanoparticle (NP) product, Polyethylene glycol 8000, in 1995.
These Doxil “Stealth” liposomes increased doxorubicin (anticancer drug) bioavailability nearly 90-fold at 1 week from injection versus free drug, with a drug half-life of 72 h and circulation half-life of 36 h.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 has been demonstrated that PEG MW of 2 kDa or higher is required to shield NP surfaces from protein adsorption and reduce recognition by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS).
The main ingredient in anti-freeze formulation is Polyethylene glycol 8000.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 maintains wet-tack strength and is used in pressure sensitive and thermoplastic adhesives.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a water-soluble linear polymer formed by the addition reaction of ethylene oxide.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is sold as a solid in bags or in fiber drums.
The containers should be kept sealed and should not be stored next to steam lines or other heat sources that could cause the product to soften or melt.

Recommended storage temperature is below 40°C (105°F).
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a polyether compound derived from petroleum with many applications, from industrial manufacturing to medicine.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is also known as polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyoxyethylene (POE), depending on its molecular weight.

The structure of Polyethylene glycol 8000 is commonly expressed as H−(O−CH2−CH2)n−OH.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 are a family of linear polymers formed by a base-catalyzed condensation reaction with repeating ethylene oxide units being added to ethylene.
The molecular formula is (C2H4O) multH2O where mult denotes the average number of oxyethylene groups.

The number of ethylene oxide units or their approximate molecular weight (e.g., PEG-4 or PEG-200) commonly designates the nomenclature of specific Polyethylene glycol 8000.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 with amolecular weight less than 600 are liquid, whereas those of molecular weight 1000 and above are solid.

Melting point: 64-66 °C
Boiling point:>250°C
Density: 1.27 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor density: >1 (vs air)
vapor pressure: <0.01 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
refractive index: n20/D 1.469
Flash point: 270 °C
storage temp: 2-8°C
solubility: H2O: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless
form: waxy solid
Specific Gravity: 1.128
color: White to very pale yellow
PH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.6
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.3
Merck: 14,7568
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: -0.698 at 25℃

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a compound used to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides to increase their solubility.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is also used to precipitate bacteriophage from lysed cell supernatants.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is often used as a polar stationary phase for Gas Chromatorgraphy.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is commonly also used in mass spec experiments.
As a dispersant, Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used in toothpastes.
In fabricating elastomers, Polyethylene glycol 8000 can be used as a lubricant and mold releasing agent.

In pharmaceuticals, Polyethylene glycol 8000 can function as a tablet and capsule lubricant.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 are produced to meet the requirements for use under Food Additive Regulations for indirect use as components of articles intended for use in contact with food.
Crystallization grade Polyethylene glycol 8000 for formulating screens or for optimization.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used in the modification of therapeutic proteins and peptides to enhance Polyethylene glycol 8000's solubility.
In gas chromatography, Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used as a polar stationary phase.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 finds application in blood banking as a potentiator, which is used to detect antigens and antibodies.

In pharmaceutical industry, Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used as tablet and capsule lubricant.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is also used in the fabrication of bioactive and immuno isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.
Polyethylene glycol 8000, NF acts as a lubricant, coating the surfaces in aqueous and non-aqueous environments.

Research or further manufacturing, Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used only, not for food or drug use.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a colorless, non-volatile, hygroscopic liquid.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is soluble in water, and organic solvents like acetone, alcohol, benzene, and other glycols.

Due to it low molecular weight and properties Polyethylene glycol 8000-200 has a wide range of potential uses.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 200 is used as a defoaming agent, lubricant and viscosity modifier in many different products.
Polyethylene glycol 8000-200 is used as a coating for fresh fruit to preserve their freshness, as a solvent in metal working fluids, heat transfer fluids, as a binder and modifier in latex paints, and as a humectant in inks and abrasives.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 also finds use in formulations of resins, adhesives, as antistatic agent, in chemical intermediates, release agent and plasticizers.
Specific industries like agriculture, cosmetics, detergents, health and medicine, textiles also rely on Polyethylene glycol 8000-200 for its emulsifying and non-corrosive property.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is widely used as a mould release agents and lubricants for rubber industry.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is also used to preserve objects that have been retrieved from the ocean.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 can be easily applied and removed since they are water-soluble.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 are also used as binder and dry lubricant for manufacturer of pills and tablets for certain pharmaceutical products.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 are used in drug delivery systems because they are neutral, nontoxic, and water soluble and can form micelles which are biocompatible and biodegradable.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 are useful in detergent formulations as antideposition agents.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a highly effective anti-redeposition agent on both polyester fabrics, synthetic-cellulose garments and polyester-cotton fabrics.

Secondly, Polyethylene glycol 8000 are used as binder in powder formulations to effectively ensure that all the components are held together as granules.
The choice of high or low melting Polyethylene glycol 8000 to be added in the formulation is usually done based on the ambient temperature where the powder detergent product will be distributed or sold.
Apart from the above mentioned application or uses of glycol, based on their non-toxic nature, Polyethylene glycol 8000 also are non-corrosive.

Therefore, they can be comfortably used in contact with materials like, rubber, plastic, metals, textiles without causing damage or staining.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 do not support microbial growth (resistance to mould growth) and rancidity hence an ideal excipient for liquid dosage forms.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used as mold release agent and lubricant in fabricating elastomers.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 resins are high molecular weight homopolymers of ethylene oxide via heterogeneously catalyzed ringopening polymerization.
Usually can be divided into the relative molecular mass of 2 × 1 04 above and tens of thousands of above, the former is called Polyethylene glycol 8000, the latter is called polyethylene oxide.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 with flocculation, thickening, slow release, lubrication, dispersion, retention, water retention and other properties, suitable for medicine, fertilizer, paper, ceramics, detergents, cosmetics, heat treatment, water treatment, fire, oil exploitation and other industries, the product is non-toxic and non-irritating, and will not remain, deposit or breed volatile matter in the process of product generation.

As a papermaking additive, the retention rate of the filler and the fine fiber can be improved, and the dispersant is particularly suitable for the long fiber, and the beating time can be shortened.
Polyethylene glycol 8000's high molecular weight mainly prompts Polyethylene glycol 8000's use in pharmaceutical formulations as solvent for oral, topical and parenteral preparations.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 that has wide application ranging from industrial manufacturing and medicine.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is generally used in the precipitation of phage.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used for the isolation of plasmid DNA and the precipitation of phage.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used as matrix in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry to regulate viscosity and melting point.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used as lubricant and coolant in rubber and metal processing industry, dispersant and emulsifier in pesticide and pigment industry production.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used as antistatic agent and lubricant in textile industry.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG 8000) is a safe solvent and carrier for use in cosmetics can act as a solvent in many substances.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is also a secure carrier.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is also used as a fusogen (induces cell hybridization) to obtain hybridomas for monoclonal antibody production.
Additionally, photopolymerized Polyethylene glycol 8000 hydrogels have emerging applications in the fabrication of bioactive and immune-isolating barriers for encapsulation of cells.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a suitable compound with a wide scope in biological applications since Polyethylene glycol 8000 does not elicit any immune responses.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 has been shown to modify therapeutic proteins and peptides for enhanced solubility.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is vastly used for the isolation of plasmid DNA and the precipitation of phage.

In topical lotion, Polyethylene glycol 8000 can increase the flexibility of the skin, and has a similar moisturizing effect with glycerin.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 can occur in large doses of oral administration.
In injection, the maximum Polyethylene glycol 8000 concentration is about 30% (V/V).

Hemolysis could occur when the concentration is more than 40% (V/V).
The USP32–NF27 describes Polyethylene glycol 8000 as being an addition polymer of ethylene oxide and water.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 are liquids; grades 1000 and above are solids at ambient temperatures.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 occur as clear, colorless or slightly yellow-colored, viscous liquids.
They have a slight but characteristic odor and a bitter, slightly burning taste.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 can occur as a solid at ambient temperatures.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 are white or off-white in color, and range in consistency from pastes to waxy flakes.
Grades of Polyethylene glycol 8000 and above are available as freeflowing milled powders.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 have the following disadvantages: they are chemically more reactive than fats; greater care is needed in processing to avoid inelegant contraction holes in the suppositories; the rate of release of water-soluble medications decreases with the increasing molecular weight of the Polyethylene glycol 8000; and Polyethylene glycol 8000s tend to be more irritating to mucous membranes than fats.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 can be used either as suspending agents or to adjust the viscosity and consistency of other suspending vehicles.
When used in conjunction with other emulsifiers, Polyethylene glycol 8000 can act as emulsion stabilizers.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 are used as water-miscible solvents for the contents of soft gelatin capsules.

However, they may cause hardening of the capsule shell by preferential absorption of moisture from gelatin in the shell.
In concentrations up to approximately 30% v/v, PEG 300 and PEG 400 have been used as the vehicle for parenteral dosage forms.
In solid-dosage formulations, higher-molecular-weight Polyethylene glycol 8000 can enhance the effectiveness of tablet binders and impart plasticity to granules.

However, they have only limited binding action when used alone, and can prolong disintegration if present in concentrations greater than 5% w/w.
When used for thermoplastic granulations,a mixture of the powdered constituents with 10–15% w/w Polyethylene glycol 8000 is heated to 70–75°C.
The mass becomes pastelike and forms granules if stirred while cooling.

This technique is useful for the preparation of dosage forms such as lozenges when prolonged disintegration is required.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 can also be used to enhance the aqueous solubility or dissolution characteristics of poorly soluble compounds by making solid dispersions with an appropriate Polyethylene glycol 8000.
Animal studies have also been performed using Polyethylene glycol 8000 as solvents for steroids in osmotic pumps.

In film coatings, solid grades of Polyethylene glycol 8000 can be used alone for the film-coating of tablets or can be useful as hydrophilic polishing materials.
Solid grades are also widely used as plasticizers in conjunction with film-forming polymers.
The presence of Polyethylene glycol 8000 in film coats, especially of liquid grades, tends to increase their water permeability and may reduce protection against low pH in enteric-coating films.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 are useful as plasticizers in microencapsulated products to avoid rupture of the coating film when the microcapsules are compressed into tablets.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 grades with molecular weights of 8000 and above can be used as lubricants, particularly for soluble tablets.

Uses Of Polyethylene glycol 8000:
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used in various applications from industrial chemistry to biological chemistry.
Recent research has shown Polyethylene glycol 8000 m aintains the ability to aid the spinal cord injury recovery process, helping the nerve impulse conduction process in animals.
In rats, Polyethylene glycol 8000 has been shown to aid in the repair of severed sciatic axons, helping with nerve damage recovery.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is industrially produced as a lubricating substance for various surfaces to reduce friction.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is also used in the preparation of vesicle transport systems in with application towards diagnostic procedures or drug delivery methods.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 solution is applied to the outer layer of the pill to control the diffusion of drugs in the pill so as to improve the efficacy.

The biocompatibility of medical polymer materials in contact with blood can be improved by adsorption, interception and grafting of two amphiphilic copolymers containing Polyethylene glycol 8000 on the surface of medical polymers.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 can make the membrane of the alkanol contraceptive pill.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 can make hydrophilic anticoagulant polyurethane.

Polyethylene glycol 8000is an osmotic laxative.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 can increase osmotic pressure and absorb moisture in the intestinal cavity, which makes the stool soften and increase in volume, resulting in bowel movement and defecation.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 nontoxic and gelatinous nature can be used as a component of denture fixer.

PEG 4000 and PEG 6000 are commonly used to promote cell fusion or protoplast fusion and help organisms (such as yeasts) to take DNA in transformation.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 absorbs water from the solution, so it is also used to concentrate the solution.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 are widely used in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations, including parenteral, topical, ophthalmic, oral, and rectal preparations. Polyethylene glycol 8000 has been used experimentally in biodegradable polymeric matrices used in controlled-release systems.

Polyethylene glycol 8000s are stable, hydrophilic substances that are essentially nonirritant to the skin;They do not readily penetrate the skin, although the Polyethylene glycol 8000s are water-soluble and are easily removed from the skin by washing, making them useful as ointment bases.
Solid grades are generally employed in topical ointments, with the consistency of the base being adjusted by the addition of liquid grades of Polyethylene glycol 8000.
Mixtures of Polyethylene glycol 8000s can be used as suppository bases,for which they have many advantages over fats.

For example, the melting point of the suppository can be made higher to withstand exposure to warmer climates; release of the drug is not dependent upon melting point; the physical stability on storage is better; and suppositories are readily miscible with rectal fluids.
Polyethylene glycol 8000s have the following disadvantages: they are chemically more reactive than fats; greater care is needed in processing to avoid inelegant contraction holes in the suppositories; the rate of release of water-soluble medications decreases with the increasing molecular weight of the Polyethylene glycol 8000; and Polyethylene glycol 8000s tend to be more irritating to mucous membranes than fats.
Aqueous Polyethylene glycol 8000 solutions can be used either as suspending agents or to adjust the viscosity and consistency of other suspending vehicles.

When used in conjunction with other emulsifiers, Polyethylene glycol 8000s can act as emulsion stabilizers.
Liquid Polyethylene glycol 8000s are used as water-miscible solvents for the contents of soft gelatin capsules.
However, they may cause hardening of the capsule shell by preferential absorption of moisture from gelatin in the shell.

In concentrations up to approximately 30% v/v, PEG 300 and PEG 400 have been used as the vehicle for parenteral dosage forms.
In solid-dosage formulations, higher-molecular-weight Polyethylene glycol 8000s can enhance the effectiveness of tablet binders and impart plasticity to granules.
However, they have only limited binding action when used alone, and can prolong disintegration if present in concentrations greater than 5% w/w.

When used for thermoplastic granulations,a mixture of the powdered constituents with 10–15% w/w PEG 6000 is heated to 70–75°C.
The mass becomes pastelike and forms granules if stirred while cooling.
This technique is useful for the preparation of dosage forms such as lozenges when prolonged disintegration is required.

Polyethylene glycol 8000s can also be used to enhance the aqueous solubility or dissolution characteristics of poorly soluble compounds by making solid dispersions with an appropriate Polyethylene glycol 8000.
Animal studies have also been performed using Polyethylene glycol 8000s as solvents for steroids in osmotic pumps.
In film coatings, solid grades of Polyethylene glycol 8000 can be used alone for the film-coating of tablets or can be useful as hydrophilic polishing materials.

Solid grades are also widely used as plasticizers in conjunction with film-forming polymers.
The presence of Polyethylene glycol 8000s in film coats, especially of liquid grades, tends to increase their water permeability and may reduce protection against low pH in enteric-coating films.
Polyethylene glycol 8000s are useful as plasticizers in microencapsulated products to avoid rupture of the coating film when the microcapsules are compressed into tablets.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 grades with molecular weights of 6000 and above can be used as lubricants, particularly for soluble tablets.
The lubricant action is not as good as that of magnesium stearate, and stickiness may develop if the material becomes too warm during compression.
An antiadherent effect is also exerted, again subject to the avoidance of overheating.

Polyethylene glycol 8000s have been used in the preparation of urethane hydrogels, which are used as controlled-release agents.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 has also been used in insulin-loaded microparticles for the oral delivery of insulin;it has been used in inhalation preparations to improve aerosolization;Polyethylene glycol 8000 nanoparticles have been used to improve the oral bioavailability of cyclosporine;it has been used in self-assembled polymeric nanoparticles as a drug carrier;and copolymer networks of Polyethylene glycol 8000 grafted with poly(methacrylic acid) have been used as bioadhesive controlled drug delivery formulations.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is also known as polyoxirane (PEO).

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a linear polyether obtained by ring opening polymerization of ethylene oxide.
The viscosity of Polyethylene glycol 8000 solution is sensitive to the shear rate and it is not easy for bacteria to grow on Polyethylene glycol 8000.
The condensation polymer of ethylene oxide and water.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a cream matrix for preparing water-soluble drugs.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 can also be used as a solvent for acetylsalicylic acid and caffeine, which is difficult to dissolve in water.
A nitrate ester-plasticized Polyethylene glycol 8000 (NEPE-75) is used in Trident II submarine-launched ballistic missile solid rocket fuel.

Dimethyl ethers of Polyethylene glycol 8000 are the key ingredient of Selexol, a solvent used by coal-burning,
integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants to remove carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from the syngas stream.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 has been used as the gate insulator in an electric double-layer transistor to induce superconductivity in an insulator.

Polyethylene glycol 8000is also used as a polymer host for solid polymer electrolytes.
Although not yet in commercial production, many groups around the globe are engaged in research on solid polymer electrolytes
involving Polyethylene glycol 8000, with the aim of improving their properties, and in permitting their use in batteries, electro-chromic display systems, and other products in the future.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is injected into industrial processes to reduce foaming in separation equipment.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used as a binder in the preparation of technical ceramics.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 was used as an additive to silver halide photographic emulsions.
Used in a variety of applications such as wood treating, adhesives, ceramic binder, chemical intermediates, detergents and household cleaners, dye carrier, lubricants, and mining.

Storage Of Polyethylene glycol 8000:
Polyethylene glycol 8000s are chemically stable in air and in solution, although grades with a molecular weight less than 2000 are hygroscopic.
Polyethylene glycol 8000s do not support microbial growth, and they do not become rancid.
Polyethylene glycol 8000s and aqueous Polyethylene glycol 8000 solutions can be sterilized by autoclaving, filtration, or gamma irradiation.

Sterilization of solid grades by dry heat at 150℃ for 1 hour may induce oxidation, darkening, and the formation of acidic degradation products.
Ideally, sterilization should be carried out in an inert atmosphere. Oxidation of Polyethylene glycol 8000s may also be inhibited by the inclusion of a suitable antioxidant.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a binder, coating agent, dispersing agent, flavoring adjuvant, and plasticizing agent that is a clear, colorless, viscous, hygroscopic liquid resembling paraffin (white, waxy, or flakes), with a ph of 4.0–7.5 in 1:20 concentration.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 is soluble in water (mw 1,000) and many organic solvents.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is a binder, solvent, plasticizing agent, and softener widely used for cosmetic cream bases and pharmaceutical ointments.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 are quite humectant up to a molecular weight of 500.

Beyond this weight, their water uptake diminishes.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 used in conjunction with carbon black to form a conductive composite.
Polymer nanospheres of Polyethylene glycol 8000 were used for drug delivery.

Polyethylene glycol 8000 molecules of approximately 8000 monomers.
Polyethylene glycol 8000 is used in various applications from industrial chemistry to biological chemistry

Safety Profile Polyethylene glycol 8000:
Polyethylene glycol 8000s are widely used in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations.
Generally, they are regarded as nontoxic and nonirritant materials.
Adverse reactions to Polyethylene glycol 8000s have been reported, the greatest toxicity being with glycols of low molecular weight.

However, the toxicity of glycols is relatively low.
Polyethylene glycol 8000s administered topically may cause stinging, especially when applied to mucous membranes.
Hypersensitivity reactions to Polyethylene glycol 8000s applied topically have also been reported, including urticaria and delayed allergic reactions.

The most serious adverse effects associated with Polyethylene glycol 8000s are hyperosmolarity, metabolic acidosis, and renal failure following the topical use of Polyethylene glycol 8000s in burn patients.
Topical preparations containing Polyethylene glycol 8000s should therefore be used cautiously in patients with renal failure, extensive burns, or open wounds.

Oral administration of large quantities of Polyethylene glycol 8000s can have a laxative effect.
Therapeutically, up to 4 L of an aqueous mixture of electrolytes and high-molecular-weight Polyethylene glycol 8000 is consumed by patients undergoing bowel cleansing.