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Polyglycol 1500 is a polyethylene glycol white waxy flaked solid at room temperature.
Polyglycol 1500 is soluble in water and polar organic solvents like acetone or methanol.
Polyglycol 1500 displays typical chemical reactions of alcohols/diols.
CAS Number: 25322-68-3
Molecular Formula: (C2H4O)nH2O
EINECS Number: 500-038-2
Synonyms: Reaction mass of 156065-02-0 and 25322-68-3 and 68937-54-2, 937-250-3, 1,2-ethanediol, homopolymer, 2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-Poly(oxy-1, Alcox E 160, Alcox E 30;alcoxe30, Poly(ethylene oxide), approx. M.W. 600,000, Poly(ethylene oxide), approx. M.W. 200,000, Poly(ethylene oxide), approx. M.W. 900,000
Polyglycol 1500 is used for a wide variety of applications, such as polyester or polyurethane resins, leather and textile processing, cosmetic/pharmaceutical formulations, and as a lubricant and mold release agent.
Polyglycol 1500 has a shelf life of 2 years.
Polyglycol 1500 is a liquid PEG excipient grade product, produced under IPEC GMP conditions.
Polyglycol 1500, Solid detergent concentrates are used in crayons and watercolors.
Polyglycol 1500 is used as a humectant, wetting and dispersing agent.
Polyglycol 1500 is a petroleum-based product
Polyglycol 1500 is specied according to the requirements of the main international ICH guidelines and monographs.
Polyglycol 1500 is clear viscous liquid at room temperature.
Polyglycol 1500 can be supplied in tank trucks or in steel drums.
Polyglycol 1500's two hydroxy end groups as well as its ether groups mainly control the physical and chemical properties of Pol.
Therefore Polyglycol 1500 is soluble in water and polar organic solvents like aceton or methanol.
Polyglycol 1500 is insoluble in pure hydrocarbons.
Polyglycol 1500 displays typical chemical reactions of alc ohols/diols.
Polyglycol 1500 is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) compound with an average molecular weight of approximately 1500 g/mol.
It belongs to the family of water-soluble polymers and is a member of the polyethylene glycol series, which are widely used in various industries due to their versatile properties.
Polyglycol 1500 is typically solid at room temperature but can be easily melted into a viscous liquid when heated.
It is typically found as a white or off-white, waxy solid at room temperature.
Polyglycol 1500s with amolecular weight less than 600 are liquid, whereas those of molecular weight 1000 and above are solid.
These materials are nonvolatile, water-soluble, tasteless, and odorless.
They are miscible with water, alcohols, esters, ketones, aromatic solvents, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, but immiscible with alkanes, paraffins, waxes, and ethers.
Polyglycol 1500 is a polymer which is hydrolyzed by ethylene oxide.
Polyglycol 1500 has no toxicity and irritation.
It is widely used in various pharmaceutical preparations.
The toxicity of low molecular weight polyethylene glycol is relatively large.
In general, the toxicity of diols is very low.
Topical application of polyethylene glycol, especially mucosal drug, can cause irritant pain.
In topical lotion, Polyglycol 1500 can increase the flexibility of the skin, and has a similar moisturizing effect with glycerin.
Diarrhoea can occur in large doses of oral administration.
In injection, the maximum Polyglycol 1500 concentration is about 30% (V/V).
Polyglycol 1500 is used as an excipient in many pharmaceutical products, in oral, topical, and parenteral dosage forms.
Polyglycol 1500 used in medicines for treating disimpaction and maintenance therapy for children with constipation
Polyglycol 1500 is commonly used as a crowding agent in in vitro assays to mimic highly crowded cellular conditions.
Polyglycol 1500 is commonly used as a precipitant for plasmid DNA isolation and protein crystallization.
X-ray diraction of protein crystals can reveal the atomic structure of the proteins.
Polyglycol 1500 is the basis of many skin creams (as cetomacrogol) and personal lubricants (frequently combined with glycerin).
Polyglycol 1500, commonly known as PEG 200, is a highly adaptable and stable product that is essential in many diverse industries for its lubricating and hydrating properties.
It is a key component in many different applications including industrial, lubricants, adhesives, pharmaceuticals and personal care products.
Polyglycol 1500 as being an addition polymer of ethylene oxide and water.
Polyglycol 1500s with molecular weights in the range 200-600 are viscous liquids which find use as surfactants in inks and paints and as humectants.
At molecular weights above about 600, poly(ethylene glycol)s are low-melting waxy solids, uses of which include pharmaceutical and cosmetic bases, lubricants and mould release agents.
It may be noted that homogeneous cationic polymerization of ethylene oxide also generally leads to low molecular weight products; typical initiators include aluminium chloride, boron trifluoride and titanium tetrachloride.
Systems of this type are not utilized on a commercial scale.
Polyglycol 1500s of molecular weight ranging from about 100000 to 5 x 106 and above are available.
Details of the techniques used to manufacture these polymers have not been disclosed, but the essential feature is the use of (generally) heterogeneous initiator systems.
Effective initiators are mainly of two types, namely alkaline earth compounds (e.g. carbonates and oxides of calcium, barium and strontium) and organometallic compounds (e.g. aluminium and
zinc alkyls and alkoxides, commonly with added coinitiators).
The precise modes of action of these initiators have not, as yet, been fully resolved.
However, Polyglycol 1500 is now generally thought that polymerization occurs through a co-ordinated anionic mechanism, in which the ethylene oxide is coordinated to the initiator through an unshared electron pair on the oxirane oxygen atom.
Unlike the low molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide)s, the high molecular weight polymers are tough and extensible.
They are highly crystalline, with a melting point of 66??C.
Unlike most water-soluble polymers, the high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide)s may be melt processed; they may be injection moulded, extruded and calendered without difficulty.
Polyglycol 1500 are liquids; grades 1000 and above are solids at ambient temperatures.
Liquid grades (PEG 200–600) occur as clear, colorless or slightly yellow-colored, viscous liquids.
They have a slight but characteristic odor and a bitter, slightly burning taste.
Melting point: 64-66 °C
Boiling point: >250°C
Tg: -67
Density: 1.27 g/mL at 25 °C
Bulk density: 400-500kg/m³
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Vapor pressure: <0.01 mm Hg (20 °C)
Refractive index: n20/D 1.469
Flash point: 270 °C
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility: H2O: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless
Form: waxy solid
Color: White to very pale yellow
Specific Gravity: 1.128
pH: 5.5-7.0 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
Viscosity: 1,650-3,850cp (1% solution @ 25°C)
Viscosity: 11cs (99°C)
Viscosity: 4.5cs (99°C)
Viscosity: 5,500-8,000cp (1% solution @ 25°C)
Viscosity: 6cs (99°C)
Viscosity: 7.4cs (99°C)
Viscosity: 750cp (5% solution @ 25°C)
Viscosity: 75cp (5% solution @ 25°C)
Viscosity: 8,000cs (99°C)
Viscosity: 8,800-17,600cp (5% solution @ 25°C)
Viscosity: 93cs (99°C)
Biological source: synthetic (organic)
Water solubility: Soluble in water.
λmax: λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.6
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.3
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,7568
α-end: hydroxyl
Ω-end: hydroxyl
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP: -0.698 at 25℃
Surface tension: 43.5mN/m at 20°C
Polyglycol 1500 can occur as a solid at ambient temperatures.
Solid grades (PEG>1000) are white or off-white in color, and range in consistency from pastes to waxy flakes.
Grades of Polyglycol 1500 and above are available as freeflowing milled powders.
Any of several condensa-tion polymers of ethylene glycol with thegeneral formula HOCH2(CH2OCH2)nCH2OH orH(OCH2CH2)nOH.
Polyglycol 1500 is used as an intermediate in chemical synthesis.
Polyglycol 1500 is used in Electroplating processes.
Polyglycol 1500 is also known as polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyoxyethylene (POE), depending on its molecular weight.
The structure of PEG is commonly expressed as H−(O−CH2−CH2)n−OH.
Polyglycol 1500 is used as an excipient in many pharmaceutical products, in oral, topical, and parenteral dosage forms.
Polyglycol 1500 used in medicines for treating disimpaction and maintenance therapy for children with constipation
Average molecular weightsrange from 200 to 6000 properties vary with molec-ular weight.
A structure-directing agent to synthesize iron vanadate (FeVO4) nanoparticles via co-precipitation method.
An organic additive to prepare crystalline nanorods of calcium tungstate (CaWO4) using calcium chloride and sodium tungstate via solvothermal process.
A surface modifier in the synthesis of calcium peroxide nanoparticles using CaCl2 as a precursor via hydrolysis-precipitation method.
A green solvent in combination with H2O in the preparation of 4-sulfanylcoumarins by sulfanylation of 4-tosyloxycoumarins with thiourea and alkyl halides.
The ring-opening polymerization of ethylene oxide is readily effected by a variety of ionic reagents and several types of polymer have been prepared.
For commercial purposes, poly(ethylene oxide)s of low molecular weight and of very high molecular weight are of interest.
Polyglycol 1500s of low molecular weight, i.e. below about 3000, are generally prepared by passing ethylene oxide into ethylene glycol at 120-150C and about 0.3 MPa (3 atmospheres) pressure, using an alkaline initiator such as sodium hydroxide.
Anionic polymerization proceeds according to the following scheme:
The polymers produced by these methods are thus terminated mainly by hydroxy groups (a few unsaturated end-groups are also formed) and are often referred to as poly(ethylene glycol)s.
Hemolysis could occur when the concentration is more than 40% (V/V).
Polyglycol 1500 is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer with an average molecular weight of 200 g/mol.
Polyglycol 1500 functions as an outstanding solubilizer for hexachlorophene and dimethyl phthalate azulene.
Polyglycol 1500 has very low water content, good biodegradability and is compatible with hard water.
Polyglycol 1500 is used in toothpaste where it improves consistency and storage stability.
Polyglycol 1500 can also be used in bath oils and foam baths to assist the solubilizing action of the active substances for perfum.
A plasticizer in the synthesis of polylactic acid/talc composites to improve the crystallinity and mechanical properties of the material.
A non-ionic surfactant in the preparation of organoclays.
A reactant in the synthesis of quasi-prepolymers by reacting with a polymeric 4,4′-diphenylmethano diisocyanate (pMDI) via the pre-polymerization method.
Polyglycol 1500 can also be used in the aqueous two-phase extraction system along with inorganic salts (sulfates, carbonates, and ammonium phosphates) for the separation and extraction of both organic (amino acids and vitamins) and inorganic substances (metal salts).
Polyglycol 1500 has non-ionic characteristics and is known for its high solubility in water and compatibility with a wide range of organic and inorganic substances.
Its low toxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability make it suitable for use in applications where human safety and environmental impact are critical concerns.
Polyglycol 1500 is also highly stable, resistant to oxidation, and has a long shelf life, contributing to its widespread use in formulations that require long-term stability.
Polyglycol 1500 is a linear polymer consisting of repeating ethylene oxide units (-CH₂CH₂O-) and is categorized as a polyether compound.
With its relatively higher molecular weight compared to lower molecular weight PEG compounds (such as Polyglycol 1500 or 400), Polyglycol 1500 exhibits greater viscosity and forms a more solid consistency at room temperature.
This makes it suitable for a variety of industrial, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic uses that require a stabilizing, thickening, or emulsifying agent.
Uses Of Polyglycol 1500:
Polyglycol 1500 is often used as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulations, particularly for oral and topical drug delivery systems.
Polyglycol 1500 is used as a binder, stabilizer, and thickener in formulations like creams, gels, ointments, and emulsions.
The polymer helps enhance the stability and viscosity of these products, ensuring the even distribution and effectiveness of active ingredients.
Due to its high molecular weight and ability to form stable matrices, Polyglycol 1500 is used in controlled release or extended-release drug formulations.
The polymer helps in creating a slow release profile, allowing drugs to be delivered gradually over an extended period.
In solid oral dosage forms, Polyglycol 1500 is used as a lubricant during the tablet compression process, preventing friction between the tablet ingredients and the machinery, improving production efficiency.
In injectable formulations, Polyglycol 1500 acts as a solvent or stabilizing agent, improving the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs and providing better bioavailability.
Polyglycol 1500 is also used in topical ointments for treating skin conditions.
Polyglycol 1500 acts as a humectant, which helps retain moisture in the skin, preventing dryness and maintaining hydration.
Polyglycol 1500 also serves as a thickener, improving the texture and consistency of lotions, creams, and ointments, giving them a smooth and non-greasy feel.
In hair care products, Polyglycol 1500 helps to condition the hair, improving moisture retention and reducing frizz.
It also works as a viscosity enhancer, ensuring the right consistency for easy application.
In cosmetics, Polyglycol 1500 can be used as a stabilizing agent in foundations, lipsticks, and blushes, helping to maintain product consistency and improve spreadability on the skin.
It ensures even application and enhances the smooth finish of makeup products.
Polyglycol 1500 is used in sunscreens to help stabilize the formulation and distribute active ingredients like zinc oxide or titanium dioxide evenly across the skin.
It can make hydrophilic anticoagulant polyurethane.
Polyglycol 1500 is an osmotic laxative.
It can increase osmotic pressure and absorb moisture in the intestinal cavity, which makes the stool soften and increase in volume, resulting in bowel movement and defecation.
Polyglycol 1500 nontoxic and gelatinous nature can be used as a component of denture fixer.
Polyglycol 1500 and PEG 6000 are commonly used to promote cell fusion or protoplast fusion and help organisms (such as yeasts) to take DNA in transformation.
Polyglycol 1500 absorbs water from the solution, so it is also used to concentrate the solution.
Polyglycol 1500 are widely used in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations, including parenteral, topical, ophthalmic, oral, and rectal preparations.
Polyglycol 1500 has been used experimentally in biodegradable polymeric matrices used in controlled-release systems.
Polyglycol 1500s are stable, hydrophilic substances that are essentially nonirritant to the skin; They do not readily penetrate the skin, although the polyethylene glycols are water-soluble and are easily removed from the skin by washing, making them useful as ointment bases.
Solid grades are generally employed in topical ointments, with the consistency of the base being adjusted by the addition of liquid grades of polyethylene glycol.
Mixtures of Polyglycol 1500s can be used as suppository bases,for which they have many advantages over fats.
For example, the melting point of the suppository can be made higher to withstand exposure to warmer climates; release of the drug is not dependent upon melting point; the physical stability on storage is better; and suppositories are readily miscible with rectal fluids.
Polyglycol 1500s have the following disadvantages: they are chemically more reactive than fats; greater care is needed in processing to avoid inelegant contraction holes in the suppositories; the rate of release of water-soluble medications decreases with the increasing molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol; and polyethylene glycols tend to be more irritating to mucous membranes than fats.
Aqueous Polyglycol 1500 solutions can be used either as suspending agents or to adjust the viscosity and consistency of other suspending vehicles.
When used in conjunction with other emulsifiers, polyethylene glycols can act as emulsion stabilizers.
It is used as a lubricating agent in the production of lubricants, cutting oils, and greases.
Its high viscosity and low volatility make it effective in providing long-lasting lubrication in high-performance machinery, helping to reduce friction and wear on parts.
Paints and Coatings: Polyglycol 1500 is used in the formulation of paints, coatings, and inks where it acts as a viscosity modifier and emulsifier, helping to ensure uniform dispersion of pigments and improving stability during storage and application.
In the manufacturing of plastics and polymer-based materials, Polyglycol 1500 serves as a plasticizer, improving the flexibility and workability of the final product.
It is often used in the production of flexible PVC and other synthetic materials.
In industrial machining, Polyglycol 1500 is used in cutting fluids and coolants to reduce friction, heat, and wear on tools and workpieces.
Polyglycol 1500 also helps to flush debris from the cutting surface, improving the precision of the cutting process.
In some cases, Polyglycol 1500 is used as a lubricant or anti-caking agent in the production of food products.
For instance, it may be used in powdered food products or food processing equipment to reduce clumping.
Polyglycol 1500 can be used as an emulsifying agent in food products that require the stable blending of oil and water components.
Wear appropriate protective gloves and safety goggles when handling large quantities of Polyglycol 1500, particularly in industrial or laboratory settings.
Ensure adequate ventilation in areas where Polyglycol 1500 is used at high temperatures, as it can release vapors under heat.
Follow proper disposal procedures to prevent contamination of the environment, as large quantities can affect water or soil ecosystems.
Polyglycol 1500 is a highly versatile, water-soluble polymer with a wide range of applications across industries such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, industrial manufacturing, and food processing.
Its viscosity, stability, and biocompatibility make it valuable in formulations that require thickening, emulsifying, and stabilizing agents.
Although it has a low toxicity profile, proper handling, storage, and disposal are essential to ensure safety in industrial environments.
Safety Profile Of Polyglycol 1500:
Polyglycol 1500 (also known as polyethylene glycol 1500 or PEG 1500) is generally considered to be a low-hazard compound.
However, like any chemical substance, improper handling or exposure in certain industrial applications can pose potential health, environmental, and fire-related hazards.
Polyglycol 1500s are widely used in a variety of pharmaceutical formulations.
Generally, they are regarded as nontoxic and nonirritant materials.
Adverse reactions to Polyglycol 1500 have been reported, the greatest toxicity being with glycols of low molecular weight.
Polyglycol 1500 is typically non-irritating to the skin and is widely used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and topical formulations.
However, prolonged or repeated contact with large quantities may cause mild irritation or dryness in sensitive individuals.
Polyglycol 1500 is recommended to wear protective gloves when handling large amounts, particularly in industrial or laboratory settings.
Polyglycol 1500 in the eyes can cause temporary irritation, such as redness or discomfort.
However, it is generally not a severe irritant to the eyes.
In case of eye contact, flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Polyglycol 1500 has a low toxicity when ingested and is sometimes used as an excipient in pharmaceutical formulations.
However, ingesting excessive amounts could lead to gastrointestinal discomfort, such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.
If ingested, rinse the mouth with water and drink plenty of water or fluids to dilute the substance. Seek medical advice if symptoms persist.
