PRODUCTS

POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE)

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is also used as an ingredient in some contact lens cleaning products, cosmetics, personal deodorants and some veterinary products.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is also used to treat clothing (Purista), purportedly to prevent the development of unpleasant odors.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is used in the majority of formulations.

CAS Number: 28757-47-3
EC Number: 923-111-4
MDL Number: MFCD00217750
Molecular Formula: C8H19N5
Molecular Weight: 185.27 g/mol

SYNONYMS:
Polyhexamethylene biguanide, Polyhexamethylene guanide, Poly(iminoimidocarbonyl-iminoimidocarbonyl-iminohexamethylene) Hydrochloride, Poly(hexamethylenebiguanide), Polihexanide, polyhexamethylene biguanide, Baquacil, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 111801, Polyhexamethylene biguanide, SRU, Sanitized T 96-04, Poly(iminocarbonimidoyliminocarbonimidoylimino-1,6-hexanediyl), Poly(iminoimidocarbonyliminoimidocarbonyliminohexamethylene), polyhexamethylene biguanide, Baquacil, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 111801, Polyhexamethylene biguanide, SRU, Sanitized T 96-04, Poly(iminocarbonimidoyliminocarbonimidoylimino-1,6-hexanediyl), Poly(iminoimidocarbonyliminoimidocarbonyliminohexamethylene), Baquacil, cosmocil, Lavasept, PHMB polymer, polihexanide, polihexanide hydrochloride, poly(hexamethylene biguanide), poly(hexamethylenebiguanide) hydrochloride, poly(iminocarbonimidoyliminocarbonimidoylimino-1,6-hexanediyl) hydrochloride, polyhexamethylen-biguanide, polyhexamethylenbiguanid, polyhexamethylenbiguanide, polyhexamethylene biguanide, polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride, polyhexanide, Vantocil, Vantocil IB, Vantocil, Polyhexidine, Polyxedinine, Polyhexanide, Sanitized T 96-04, Hexyl biguanide HCl, OLIGOHEXAMETHYLENEBIGUANIDE, Polyhexamethylene biguanide, sru, Epa pesticide chemical code 111801, 1-(diaminomethylidene)-2-hexylguanidine, POLY(IMINOIMIDOCARBONYLIMINOIMIDOCARBONYLIMINOHEXAMETHYLENE), Polihexanide, PHMB, Polyhexanide, 322U039GMF, Polihexanidum, Cosmoquil CQ, Prontoderm, Prontosan, Reputex 20, Trigene, Vantocil 1B, Vantocil TG, Vantosan, Caswell No. 676, Disinfecting Wet Wipe, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 111801, PHMB Disinfectant, PP 073, Polihexanido, Proxel IBCN Reputex 20CN Trigene, DTXSID2035726, Disposable Spray Disinfectant, HBA Anti bacterial Liquid, HBA Sanitary Wipes, HSDB 8471, MICROCARE MBG, PHMB polymer, POLIHEXANIDE (MART.), PURISTA, Polihexanido (INN-Spanish), Polihexanidum (INN-Latin), UNII-4XI6112496, poly(hexamethylene biguanide), polyhexamethylen-biguanide, polyhexamethylenbiguanid, polyhexamethylenbiguanide, Poly(iminocarbonimidoyliminocarbonimidoylimino-1,6-hexanediyl), Poly(iminoimidocarbonyliminoimidocarbonyliminohexamethylene), Polyhexamethylene biguanide SRU, Sanitized T 96-04, Poly(hexamethylenebiguanide), Hexamethylenebis(cyanoguanidine)-hexamethylenediamine copolymer SRU, Eyeness, Complete Protec, NB 325, Texguard 20, Cosmocil 100, Polyhexamethylene biguanidine, Complete Protec, Epa pesticide chemical code 111801, Eyeness, Hexamethylenebis(cyanoguanidine)-hexamethylenediamine copolymer SRU, NB 325, OLIGOHEXAMETHYLENEBIGUANIDE, Poly(iminocarbonimidoyliminocarbonimidoylimino-1,6-hexanediyl), POLY(IMINOIMIDOCARBONYLIMINOIMIDOCARBONYLIMINOHEXAMETHYLENE), Polyhexamethylene biguanide, Polyhexamethylene biguanide sru, Polyhexanide, Polyhexidine, Polyxedinine, Sanitized T 96-04, Texguard 20, Polyhexamethylene biguanide, 1-(diaminomethylidene)-2-hexylguanidine, Baquacil, Cosmocil, Lavasept, Phmb Polymer, Polihexanide, Polihexanide Hydrochloride, Poly(hexamethylene Biguanide), Poly(hexamethylenebiguanide) Hydrochloride, Poly(iminocarbonimidoyliminocarbonimidoylimino-1,6-hexanediyl) Hydrochloride, Polyhexamethylen-biguanide, Polyhexamethylenbiguanid, Polyhexamethylenbiguanide, Polyhexamethylene Biguanide, Polyhexamethylene Biguanide Hydrochloride, Vantocil, Vantocil Ib Of Vantocil, Polyhexanide, Polyxedinine, Polyhexidine, Poly(iminocarbonimidoyliminocarbonimidoylimino-1,6-hexanediyl), OLIGOHEXAMETHYLENEBIGUANIDE, POLY(IMINOIMIDOCARBONYLIMINOIMIDOCARBONYLIMINOHEXAMETHYLENE), Epa pesticide chemical code 111801, Polyhexamethylene biguanide, sru, Polyhexidine, Polyxedinine, Polyhexanide, Sanitized T 96-04, Hexyl biguanide HCl, OLIGOHEXAMETHYLENEBIGUANIDE, 1-Hexylbiguanide Hydrochloride, Polyhexamethylene biguanide, sru, Epa pesticide chemical code 111801, 1-(diaminomethylidene)-2-hexylguanidine, Polyhexanide, Polyhexamethylene biguanide, 1-(diaminomethylidene)-2-hexylguanidine, Poly(iminocarbonimidoyliminocarbonimidoylimino-1,6-hexanediyl), Poly(iminoimidocarbonyliminoimidocarbonyliminohexamethylene), Polyhexamethylene biguanide,SRU, Sanitized T 96-04, Poly(hexamethylenebiguanide), Hexamethylenebis(cyanoguanidine)-hexamethylenediamine copolymer,SRU, Eyeness, Complete Protec, NB 325, Texguard 20, Cosmocil 100
Polyhexanide, Polyxedinine, Polyhexidine, Poly(iminocarbonimidoyliminocarbonimidoylimino-1,6-hexanediyl), OLIGOHEXAMETHYLENEBIGUANIDE, POLY(IMINOIMIDOCARBONYLIMINOIMIDOCARBONYLIMINOHEXAMETHYLENE), Epa pesticide chemical code 111801, Polyhexamethylene biguanide, sru, Polyhexanide, Polyxedinine, Polyhexidine, Sanitized T 96-04, Hexyl biguanide HCl, OLIGOHEXAMETHYLENEBIGUANIDE, Polyhexamethylene biguanide, sru, Epa pesticide chemical code 111801, 1-(diaminomethylidene)-2-hexylguanidine, POLY(IMINOIMIDOCARBONYLIMINOIMIDOCARBONYLIMINOHEXAMETHYLENE), Poly(iminocarbonimidoyliminocarbonimidoylimino-1,6-hexanediyl), Poly(iminocarbonimidoyliminocarbonimidoylimino-1,6-hexanediyl), Poly(iminoimidocarbonyliminoimidocarbonyliminohexamethylene), Polyhexamethylene biguanide, SRU, Sanitized T 96-04, Poly(hexamethylenebiguanide), Hexamethylenebis(cyanoguanidine)-hexamethylenediamine copolymer, SRU, Eyeness, Complete Protec, NB 325, Texguard 20, Cosmocil 100, Polyhexamethylene biguanidine, P 3300, Baquacil, cosmocil, Lavasept, PHMB polymer, polihexanide, polihexanide hydrochloride, poly(hexamethylene biguanide), poly(hexamethylenebiguanide) hydrochloride, poly(iminocarbonimidoyliminocarbonimidoylimino-1,6-hexanediyl) hydrochloride, polyhexamethylen-biguanide, polyhexamethylenbiguanid, polyhexamethylenbiguanide, polyhexamethylene biguanide, polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride, polyhexanide, Vantocil, Vantocil IB of Vantocil, PHMB, Polyhexamethylene biguanide, Poly(hexamethylene) biguanide hydrochloride, Polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride, Poly(iminoimidocarbonyl)iminohexamethylene hydrochloride, N,N'''-1,6-Hexanediylbis(N'-cyanoguanidine) hexamethylenediamine polymer hydrochloride

Polihexanide, also known as Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide), is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial polymer primarily used for topical antisepsis and wound management.
Structurally, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) consists of repeating biguanide units linked by hexamethylene hydrocarbon chains, conferring both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties that enhance its interaction with microbial membranes.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) (PHMB) is a strong cationic, polymeric biguanide derivative.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) shows a broad spectrum of activity and high tissue compatibility.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is a raw material known since 1959, which is used in cosmetics and food industry.
Other capabilities of Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) are in cleaning and disinfection of beer plants or as a disinfectant and anti-flock substance in swimming pools (no smell of chlorine).

In 1995 Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) could also be used for the manufacture of wound dressing solutions.
The first major application area of Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) were surgical wounds.
Soon, the solutions produced in the hospital pharmacies were used in the treatment of infected chronic wounds.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has an incredible advantage over other microbicide substances: it has the highest therapeutic ratio (TB).
In other words, the relationship between the benefit and harm is mostly on the benefit side.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is odorless, colorless and hypoallergenic.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) does not cause inflammation on wound or cause wound healing disorders according to current knowledge.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) (PHMB) was first synthesized and characterized by ICI in England in the 1950s in the search for new malaria drugs.
It quickly became apparent that Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) was not very effective against malaria, but had a very good antimicrobial effect against a broad germ spectrum.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has since been successfully used in extremely different concentrations as a disinfectant in industrial processes and as a preservative in cosmetic and medical products.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is a polymeric biguanide with antimicrobial properties and excellent skin and mucous membrane tolerance.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) or polyhexamethylene biguanide is listed in the INCI under the name “polyaminopropyl biguanide”.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is used as a preservative and for support of wound healing in medical products as well as in pharmaceuticals.

Since 1959 Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has been used for preservation in the cosmetics industry and is approved up to a concentration of 0.3% according to the German Cosmetic Decree (KVO).
Thus there is no limitation in the duration of use.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has been the first choice for the treatment of acute and chronic wounds since 2004.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide), (or PHMB) is a chemical product created in the late 1950s and used since the 1970s in the formulation of certain biocides.

For example to kill microbes (bacteria, viruses) and fungi in water (in the form of Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) which is one of the pesticides that can be used as swimming pool disinfectants).
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is a disinfecting chemical with a large molecular weight that is commonly used in solutions marketed for one month only, which may also contain a cleaning agent such as poloxamer.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) (polyhexamethylene biguanide, PHMB) is a polymer used as a disinfectant and antiseptic.
In dermatological use, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is spelled polihexanide (INN) and sold under various brand names.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has been shown to be effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Aspergillus brasiliensis, enterococci, and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide), sold under the brand name Akantior is a medication used for the treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent that belongs to the class of biguanides.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is a cationic disinfectant that is effective against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria through its electrostatic interaction with negative sites on the lipopolysaccharide component of bacterial cell membranes.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is also a drug used to treat acanthamoeba keratitis when administered as an eyedrop to the corneal tissue.
Additionally, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide)-mimicking side chains have been used in the synthesis of an antimicrobial polymer-mimicking gene vector with high cellular internalisation ability.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is best known for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial and antifungal activity.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is the standard of care for treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis and an ingredient in multipurpose contact lens solutions.

USES and APPLICATIONS of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
Uses Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide): Disinfection, bactericidal, antifungal.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect on Gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, fungi and yeast.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) can be widely used in daily chemical industry, water treatment, medical and health fields.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is commonly used in women's lotion, sanitary wipes sterilization fungicide, fruit and vegetable, aquatic product disinfectant, sewage treatment flocculation disinfectant and other products.

Products containing Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) are used for inter-operative irrigation, pre- and post-surgery skin and mucous membrane disinfection, post-operative dressings, surgical and non-surgical wound dressings, surgical bath/hydrotherapy, chronic wounds like diabetic foot ulcer and burn wound management, routine antisepsis during minor incisions, catheterization, first aid, surface disinfection, and linen disinfection.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) eye drops have been used as a treatment for eyes affected by Acanthamoeba keratitis.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is sold as a swimming pool and spa disinfectant in place of chlorine or bromine based products under the name Baquacil.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is used in the majority of formulations.
Use in Acanthamoeba keratitis treatment: Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is indicated for the treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis in people aged 12 years of age and older.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has been used in trials studying the treatment, prevention, and supportive care of Caries, Neoplasm, Skin Diseases, Nail Diseases, and Dental Plaque, among others.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is widely used in oil field chemicals, water treatment chemicals, daily chemicals, textile printing and dyeing, swimming pool disinfection, flower antiseptic treatment, animal husbandry, aquaculture, agriculture, pet antibacterial, soil improvement, environmental disinfection, disinfection products, etc.

In aquaculture, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) can rapidly inhibit Gram-negative bacteria, floating Vibrio, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio algolyticus and other harmful bacteria in seawater, and has good preventive and therapeutic effects on various diseases caused by bacteria in South American white shrimp and other aquatic products.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is a polymer used as a disinfectant and antiseptic.
In dermatological use, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is spelled polihexanide (INN) and sold under names such as Lavasept, Serasept, Prontosan and Omnicide.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has been shown to be effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus (also the methicillin-resistant type, MRSA), Escherichia coli, Candida albicans (yeast), Aspergillus brasiliensis (mold), vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and Klebsiella pneumoniae (carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae).

Uses of Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide): Broad spectrum antimicrobial polymer; binds and disrupts cytoplasmic membranes
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has a high tissue compatibility.
This property is derived from Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide)'s selective binding to the acidic phospholipids, in particular phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol on the pathogenic cell membrane.

When the primary function of a product is to create pharmacological, immunological or metabolic effects during human use, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is considered as a drug.
The Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) remaining of the skin surface forms a film layer and directly act mechanical, not physical, immunological or metabolic.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is applied topically on skin, mucosa and wound.
There is no evidence that Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) passes through the systemic circulation as a result of the application.
Due to its polymeric structure and high molecular weight, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) reduces the risk of transition to the systemic circulation.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is used as a disinfectant and antiseptic.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) (polyhexamethylene biguanide, PHMB) is a polymer used as a disinfectant and antiseptic.
In dermatological use, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is spelled polihexanide (INN) and sold under names such as Lavasept, Serasept, and Omnicide.

Some products containing Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) are used for inter-operative irrigation, pre- and post-surgery skin and mucous membrane disinfection, post-operative dressings, surgical and non-surgical wound dressings, surgical bath/hydrotherapy, chronic wounds like diabetic foot ulcer and burn wound management, routine antisepsis during minor incisions, catheterization, scopy, first aid, surface disinfection, and linen disinfection.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) also has an application as a swimming-pool and spa water sanitizer in place of chlorine- or bromine-based products.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is also used as an ingredient in some contact lens cleaning products, cosmetics, personal deodorants and some veterinary products.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is used in the majority of formulations.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is also found in some medications (in the form of polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride, for example).

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is used against herpes infections, against acne, for disinfecting surgical wounds and/or in veterinary treatments, particularly against mastitis in ruminants in livestock farms.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is also used for cleaning and/or disinfecting objects, surfaces or premises, including in hospitals.

Its inventor designed Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) to be used in one or more Biguanide salts and one or more aromatic alcohols e.g. phenoxyalkyl alcohols.
In some cases, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is used as part of combination therapy with other wound care products.

For instance, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is often incorporated into wound dressings, hydrogels, or silver-based products to enhance their antimicrobial properties.
Combination therapy can be particularly effective in managing complex or infected wounds, providing a comprehensive approach to wound care.

While Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) shows great promise in wound care, there are still challenges to overcome.
One concern is the potential for bacterial resistance development.
To mitigate this risk, it is essential to use Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) judiciously and rotate it with other antimicrobial agents when necessary.

Additionally, further research is needed to explore Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide)'s long-term effects and efficacy in specific wound types.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has emerged as a powerful and effective antimicrobial agent in wound care.

Its broad-spectrum activity, low cytotoxicity, and ability to disrupt biofilms make Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) a valuable addition to the wound care armamentarium.
When used appropriately and in combination with other wound care strategies, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) can significantly contribute to improved wound healing and patient outcomes.

As research in wound care continues to advance, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide)’s potential may expand further, offering new and innovative solutions for managing complex wounds in the future.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has a highly positive charge, which enables it to interact effectively with the negatively charged bacterial cell membranes.

This interaction disrupts the integrity of the cell membrane, leading to the leakage of cellular contents and eventual microbial death.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has been widely used in various medical and non-medical applications, including wound care products, contact lens solutions, and disinfectants.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has found numerous applications in wound care due to its excellent antimicrobial activity against a wide range of bacteria, fungi, and some viruses.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is particularly effective against drug-resistant bacteria, making it an attractive option for managing infected wounds where conventional antibiotics may fail.

Additionally, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) exhibits low cytotoxicity to human cells, making it a safer alternative compared to certain other antimicrobial agents.
In wound care, preventing and managing infections is critical for successful wound healing.

By reducing bacterial load, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) helps create a more favorable environment for the body’s natural healing processes.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) aids in reducing inflammation, promoting granulation tissue formation, and accelerating re-epithelialization.

Moreover, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide)'s ability to inhibit bacterial biofilm formation is vital in preventing chronic wound development, which is a significant challenge in wound management.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has demonstrated a good safety profile in wound care when used at appropriate concentrations.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is generally well-tolerated by patients, and adverse reactions are rare.
However, like any wound care product, it is essential to use Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) in accordance with the manufacturer’s guidelines and under the supervision of healthcare professionals.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide)’s still allowed for uses as disinfectants PT2 (Disinfectants and algaecides not intended for direct application to humans or animals).
Furthermore, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has been declared as a candidate for substitution by the ECHA.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) does not occur naturally in the environment.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide)'s found in a wide range of products available to consumers.

For example, Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide)'s used as an antimicrobial agent or preservative in: fabric softeners, and medical devices, cosmetics, such as: deodorants, moisturizers, bath products, nail care products, hair styling products, shampoos and conditioners, cleansers and make-up removers, contact lens solutions, non-prescription drugs, natural health products, hand washes, sanitizers and rubs.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) may also be used as an antiseptic, sanitizer or deodorizer in: textiles, pet litter, wet wipes, air filter treatments, veterinary products, recreational water treatment, preservation of hides and skins, disinfectant solutions and wet wipes.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) may also be found in food if the food preparation surface has been treated with sanitizers and disinfectants that contain PHMB.

-The Use of Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) in Wound Care A Powerful Antimicrobial Agent:
The use of Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has gained significant attention in wound care due to its potent antimicrobial properties and numerous benefits.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has emerged as a powerful and effective antimicrobial agent in wound care.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide)'s broad-spectrum activity, low cytotoxicity, and ability to disrupt biofilms

Wound care is an essential aspect of modern medicine, as Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) plays a crucial role in preventing infections, promoting healing, and improving patient outcomes.

In recent years, the use of Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has gained significant attention in wound care due to its potent antimicrobial properties and numerous benefits.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide), also known as polyhexanide, is a synthetic antimicrobial agent that has shown great promise in managing and treating various types of wounds.

PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is a new environment-friendly cationic water-soluble polymer.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is a water solution that can be used as a broad spectrum and high efficient disinfectant.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is low toxic, steady, non-flammable, non-explosive, and basically non-corrosive to stainless steel, copper, carbon steel, wood, and plastic.
Because of Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide)'s special bactericidal mechanisms, almost all kinds of bacteria shall be killed efficiently and will not develop resistance action.

ANTIMICROBIAL MECHANISM of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is a polymerized cationic compound, which is easily adsorbed by various types of bacteria that are usually negatively charged, thus inhibiting the division function of the bacteria and making the bacteria lose the ability to reproduce.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is an antimicrobial and antiviral agent.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) works by adsorbing to the surface of cellulose, which can damage microbial cell membranes and interfere with metabolism.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is widely used in medical, clothing and household textiles, and cosmetic fields.

CHARACTERISTICS of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
• Reduces wound pain rapidly and effectively
• Reduces wound malodour
• Increases formation of granulation tissue
• Increases keratinocyte and fibroblast activity
• Reduces scurf formation within the wound
• Reduces MMP-induced periwound breakdown
• Helps to remove non-viable tissue
• The success of Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has resulted in its recommendations as the primary antimicrobial in many European countries and has prompted the publication of a UK consensus review

BENEFITS of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is a stable (but therefore persistent) product, and remains effective in the presence of UV and at different pHs.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is non-oxidizing, cationic in solution in water, and can be an alternative to other cationic biocide treatments based on quaternary ammonium or chlorine.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide)'s flocculating power improves the efficiency of sand filters.
Hydrogen peroxide or active oxygen are sometimes used in addition.

BOUNDARIES of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is incompatible with the presence of chlorine and bromine, as well as with copper, bronze or copper-based products.

FEATURES of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has the ability to inhibit Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, fungi (many kinds of ringworm and mold) and yeast.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has rapid inhibitory effect on E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.

PREPARATION of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
The preparation method of Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide):
By a certain proportion of 1; the own bisguanides of 6-and catalyst join in reaction vessel; under nitrogen protection, said mixture is heated to 80-200 DEGC and reacts, react 2-24 hour; reaction terminates; cooling blowing, obtains poly hexamethylene biguanide, poly hexamethylene biguanide aqueous acid is neutralized to pH value 5-9; and performing filtering so as to obtain a polyhexamethylene biguanidine salt.

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is a cationic polymer with antimicrobial and antiviral properties.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has been commonly accepted that the antimicrobial activity is due to the ability of PHMB to perforate the bacterial phospholipid membrane leading ultimately to its death.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is a colorless to pale yellow solution.
Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is also used as a surface disinfectant and is alleged to be suitable for skin disinfection.

Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) has a slow effect and does not meet the practical requirements for prophylactic antiseptics in this respect.
Although Polyhexanide (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is somewhat less effective than benzalkonium chloride, it is sometimes used instead of benzalkonium because it is less foam producing under use conditions.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
Molecular Weight: 185.27
Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 347.7±25.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 0.0±0.8 mmHg at 25°C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 59.2±3.0 kJ/mol
Flash Point: 164.1±23.2 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.550

Molar Refractivity: 51.1±0.5 cm3
#H bond acceptors: 5
#H bond donors: 6
#Freely Rotating Bonds: 6
#Rule of 5 Violations: 1
ACD/LogP: 1.36
ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): -1.17
ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1.00
ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 1.00
ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): -1.17
ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1.00
ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 1.00

Polar Surface Area: 103 Å2
Polarizability:   20.2±0.5 10-24cm3
Surface Tension: 45.7±7.0 dyne/cm
Molar Volume: 160.2±7.0 cm3
XLogP3-AA: 0.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 6
Exact Mass: 185.16404563
Monoisotopic Mass: 185.16404563

Topological Polar Surface Area: 103 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 181
Form: Liquid
Color: Colorless to pale yellow
Odor: Odorless
pH Value (1% Solution): 4.0 – 6.0

Melting Point, °C: Not determined
Boiling Point, °C: 102 – 105°C
Flash Point: Not applicable
Ignition Temperature, °C: Product is not self-igniting
Flammability, °C:
Lower Explosion Limit: Product is not explosive
Upper Explosion Limit: Product is not explosive
Vapor Pressure @ 20°C: 23 hPa

Density @ 20°C: 1.030 – 1.060
Solubility/Miscibility In Water: Fully miscible
Partition Coefficient: n-octanol/water: Not available
Solids Content, %: 19 – 21
CAS Number: 28757-47-3
Chemical formula: (C8H17N5)n
Molecular Formula: C8H19N5
Molecular Weight: 185.27 g/mol
IUPAC Name: 1-(diaminomethylidene)-2-hexylguanidine

Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C8H19N5/c1-2-3-4-5-6-12-8(11)13-7(9)10/h2-6H2,1H3,(H6,9,10,11,12,13)
Standard InChIKey: VAZJLPXFVQHDFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Isomeric SMILES: CCCCCCN/C(=NC(=N)N)/N
SMILES: CCCCCCN=C(N)N=C(N)N
Canonical SMILES: CCCCCCN=C(N)N=C(N)N
CBNumber: CB91074557
Molecular Formula of Hydrochloride Salt: C8H19N5.ClH
Molecular Weight of Hydrochloride Salt: 221.734

MDL Number: MFCD00242965
Chemical Name: Poly(hexamethylenebiguanide)
CAS Registry Number: 28757-47-3
PubChemID: 20977
PSA: 97.78000
LogP: 2.25570
EINECS: 923-111-4
Molecular Weight: 185.27
Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 347.7±25.0 °C at 760 mmHg

Vapour Pressure: 0.0±0.8 mmHg at 25°C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 59.2±3.0 kJ/mol
Flash Point: 164.1±23.2 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.550
Molar Refractivity: 51.1±0.5 cm3
#H bond acceptors: 5
#H bond donors: 6
#Freely Rotating Bonds: 6
#Rule of 5 Violations: 1

ACD/LogP: 1.36
ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): -1.17
ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1.00
ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 1.00
ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): -1.17
ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1.00
ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 1.00
Polar Surface Area: 103 Å2

Polarizability:   20.2±0.5 10-24cm3
Surface Tension: 45.7±7.0 dyne/cm
Molar Volume: 160.2±7.0 cm3
XLogP3-AA: 0.5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Rotatable Bond Count: 6
Exact Mass: 185.16404563
Monoisotopic Mass: 185.16404563

Topological Polar Surface Area: 103 Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Formal Charge: 0
Complexity: 181
Form: Liquid
Color: Colorless to pale yellow
Odor: Odorless
pH Value (1% Solution): 4.0 – 6.0
Melting Point, °C: Not determined

Boiling Point, °C: 102 – 105°C
Flash Point: Not applicable
Ignition Temperature, °C: Product is not self-igniting
Flammability, °C:
Lower Explosion Limit: Product is not explosive
Upper Explosion Limit: Product is not explosive
Vapor Pressure @ 20°C: 23 hPa
Density @ 20°C: 1.030 – 1.060
Solubility/Miscibility In Water: Fully miscible
Partition Coefficient: n-octanol/water: Not available
Solids Content, %: 19 – 21

FIRST AID MEASURES of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
-Eyes:
Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
-Skin:
Removing contaminated clothing and shoes.
-Inhalation:
Move to fresh air.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
-Spills/Leaks:
Sweep up, then place into a suitable container for disposal.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
-General Information:
*Extinguishing Media:
In case of fire, use water, dry chemical, chemical foam, or alcohol-resistant foam.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
-Personal Protective Equipment:
*Eyes:
Wear safety glasses.
*Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves.
*Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to minimize contact with skin.

HANDLING and STORAGE of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
-Handling:
Wash after handling.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of POLYHEXANIDE (POLYHEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE):
-Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
-Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported.