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Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40)'s widely used in food products, personal care formulations (like creams and lotions), and pharmaceuticals.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) helps to disperse ingredients and improve the texture of formulations.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) can dissolve essential oils and other hydrophobic substances in aqueous solutions.
CAS Number: 9005-66-7
Molecular Formula: C12H18O11
Molecular Weight: 338.26472
Synonyms: Polysorbate 40, Polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monopalmitate, STI11B5A2X, Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, Sorbimacrogol palmitate 300, CHEBI:53423, Crill 7, Crillet 2, Durfax 60, Emsorb 6910, Ethoxylated sorbitan monopalmitate, Glycosperse p-20, Nissan Nonion PT-221, Polyethylene glycol sorbitan monopalmitate, Polyethylene glycol-sorbitan monopalmitate adduct, Sorbitan monopalmitate polyethylene glycol ether, Sorbitan polyethoxy monopalmitate, Sorbitan, monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene derivs, CCRIS 701, E-434, HSDB 1928, INS NO.434, INS-434, POLYSORBATE 40 (EP MONOGRAPH), POLYSORBATE 40 (II), POLYSORBATE 40 (MART.), POLYSORBATE 40 (USP-RS), Polyethylene glycol (80) sorbitan monopalmitatey, Radiasurf 7145, SORBITAN, MONOHEXADECANOATE, POLY(OXY-1,2-ETHANEDIYL) DERIVS, Sorbitan, monopalmitate polyoxyethylene deriv., UNII-4NR71FN0IA, UNII-STI11B5A2X, POLYSORBATE 40;POLYOXYETHYLENE SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE;POLYOXYETHYLENE GLYCOL SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE;POLYOXYETHYLENE (20) SORBITAN MONOPALMITATE;POLYSORBATE40,NF;Sorbitanmonopalmitat, ethoxiliert, EO 20 mol;TWEEN 40;TWEEN NO 40
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is produced from d‐glucose which is commonly made from maize or tapioca.
Learn more about Sorbitol Different with other polysorbates, Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is approved as an indirect emulsifier instead of a direct food additive by the FDA.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is soluble in water, alcohol, and various organic solvents, making it versatile for different food formulations.
It remains stable over a wide range of pH levels and temperatures, which is crucial for its performance in diverse food processing conditions.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40), also often referred to as E434 or polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, is a synthetic substance that is often used primarily in the food industry, but also in pharmaceutical and cosmetic production.
It is a foreign substance that is added to foodstuffs purposely with the intention of achieving desired properties.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) belongs to the group of emulsifiers, i.e. substances that increase the stability of mixtures of immiscible parts.
As a result, Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) helps to maintain a uniform consistency and appearance of products.
That makes Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) used less in food in the USA.
However, Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) can be used as a direct food additive and its safety has been re-evaluated in 2015 by EFSA and JECFA.
Its food uses are listed together with other polysorbates: polysorbate 20 (E432), 60(E435), 65(E436) and 80(E433).
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is also used as an emulsifier or surfactant to help mix oil and water in cosmetics and personal care products.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is not natural as it is made from chemical synthesis, the referred reactions are esterification and condensation.
The number in the name of the Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) indicates the average number of moles of ethylene oxide that has been reacted per mole of sorbitol.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40), or Tween 40, scientifically known as polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, is an important additive widely used in the food industry, famous for its role as an emulsifier and surfactant.
As part of the polysorbate family, Polysorbate 40 shares many functional properties with its relatives, such as Polysorbate 20 and Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40).
This article delves into the properties, uses, and benefits of Polysorbate 40 in food applications.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is derived from the esterification of sorbitan (a derivative of sorbitol) with palmitic acid, followed by ethoxylation with approximately 20 units of ethylene oxide.
This structure makes it a non-ionic surfactant, which is effective in reducing surface tension between ingredients.
It is typically a yellow to amber-colored viscous liquid or semi-solid.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) would be halal, kosher and vegan if the fatty acid palmitic acid is sourced from vegetables.
Polysorbates are a class of emulsifiers used in some pharmaceuticals and food preparation.
They are often used in cosmetics to solubilize essential oils into water-based products.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) are oily liquids derived from ethoxylated sorbitan (a derivative of sorbitol) esterified with fatty acids.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40), also known as Tween 40, the full name polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate, 40 means monopalmitate.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is an emulsifier and stabiliser in food with the European food additive number E434.
It is a mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its mono-and dianhydrides with edible palmitic acid and condensed with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of sorbitol and its anhydrides.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) and the other Polysorbate ingredients (Polysorbate 21, Polysorbate 40, Polysorbate 60, Polysorbate 61, Polysorbate 65, Polysorbate 65, Polysorbate 80, Polysorbate 81, Polysorbate 85) are a series of general purpose hydrophilic, nonionic surfactants.
The Polysorbates are used in a variety of products including skin fresheners, skin care products, skin cleansing products, makeup bases and foundations, shampoos, permanent waves and fragrance powders.
The Polysorbate ingredients help other ingredients to dissolve in a solvent in which they would not normally dissolve.
They also help to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) are surfactants that are produced by reacting the polyol, sorbitol, with ethylene oxide.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is a mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its mono-and dianhydrides with edible palmitic acid and condensed with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of sorbitol and its anhydrides.
This ingredient is made from the chemical reaction among sorbitol, palmitic acid and ethylene oxide.
The manufacturing process is similar to other polysorbates: 20, 60, and 80.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40), or TWEEN 40, is a non-ionic detergent.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is a nonionic surfactant and emulsifying agent used in various industries, particularly in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food.
Palmitic acid and stearic acid are the most common saturated fatty acid found in animal fats & oils and plant oils.
Like other fatty acids, palmitic acid is also present in nature usually in the form of triglycerides.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) consists of a sorbitan backbone (from sorbitol) esterified with palmitic acid.
The polyoxyethylene portion refers to the ethylene oxide groups attached to the sorbitan.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40)s chemical formula is typically represented as C24H50O6.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) helps stabilize emulsions by reducing surface tension between the oil and water phases.
Melting point: 0.1 °C
Boiling point: 797.89°C (rough estimate)
Density: 1.083 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
refractive index: n20/D 1.47(lit.)
Flash point: >230 °F
storage temp.: Store below +30°C.
solubility: Miscible with water, with anhydrous ethanol, with ethyl acetate and with methanol, practically insoluble in fatty oils and in liquid paraffin.
form: viscous liquid
Specific Gravity: 1.090 (25/4℃)
color: Light yellow to Yellow to Orange
Water Solubility: 100 g/L
Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB): 15.6
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is a derivative of sorbitan, which is esterified with palmitic acid, and then reacted with ethylene oxide to form a polyoxyethylene chain.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is used as an excipient in drug formulations to enhance the delivery of active ingredients.
Used as an emulsifier in various processed foods to stabilize emulsions (such as in ice cream, salad dressings, and sauces).
Sometimes used in cell culture media for its emulsifying properties.
Generally regarded as safe (GRAS) when used in food products, and it is approved by regulatory agencies such as the FDA.
In cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is considered non-toxic and well-tolerated, but as with any chemical, irritation or allergic reactions can occur in some individuals.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40), has been used in a study to assess the determination of iodide in urine based on a chemiluminescence system.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) has also been used in a study to investigate the delivery of astaxanthin and canthaxanthin to HepG2 cells.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is an amber oily liquid.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40)) is soluble in water, diluted acid, diluted alkalis, and most organic solvents, insolub
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is a synthetic compound, produced from ethylene oxide (a synthetic compound), sorbitol (see E420) and palmitic acid (a natural fatty acid).
Used as an anti foaming agent and fat-soluble antioxidant.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40), also known as PEG 40 and Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monopalmitate, is a polyoxyethylene derivative of sorbitol, ethylene oxide as a petroleum derivative and palm oil in the form of palmitic acid.
Can cause skin allergy in some people. Also regarded as a detergent.
Found in products like lotions, creams, and shampoos for its ability to improve texture and aid in the mixing of oil and water-based ingredients.
Uses Of Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40):
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is used in moisturizers, sunscreens, and anti-aging products to enhance the texture and stability of emulsions.
Found in shampoos and conditioners to improve consistency and help with the dispersion of active ingredients.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is used in foundations, concealers, and other makeup products to ensure smooth application and better product performance.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is used to improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, enhancing the bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients.
It acts as an emulsifier in injectable drugs, helping to stabilize the formulation and ensure that the drug is evenly distributed.
It is sometimes included in formulations designed to release drugs gradually over time.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is used to stabilize emulsions in food products, preventing ingredients like oils and water from separating.
Commonly found in processed foods such as ice cream, margarine, salad dressings, sauces, and beverages to enhance texture and consistency.
Helps improve the texture of certain food items, making them smoother and creamier.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is used in cell culture media to stabilize and disperse hydrophobic substances, facilitating better growth conditions for cells.
It can be used in formulations of biologics and vaccines to stabilize proteins and prevent aggregation.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is used in some cleaning products for its emulsifying properties, allowing better mixing of ingredients and improving product effectiveness.
It may be used in paints and coatings to stabilize mixtures of water and oils or resins.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is sometimes used in agricultural formulations to help dissolve active ingredients and ensure uniform application.
It can help dissolve and disperse essential oils and fragrances in aqueous solutions, making it a common ingredient in scented products like perfumes and room sprays.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is sometimes used in veterinary drug formulations to improve the delivery of active compounds.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is a synthetically produced emulsifier and dispersing agent used to carry flavors and colors in foods.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is considered safe and has no adverse effects reported at the levels present in food.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) may aggravate propylene glycol sensitivity.
Pharmaceutic aid (surfactant)Note—Graphic formula same as for Polysorbate 20, except that R is (C15H31)COO.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is an emulsifier and stabilizer of essential oils in water.
It is also a detergent and employed in a variety of cleansing and moisturizing preparations.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40), where the total number of poly(ethylene glycol) units is 20 (w + x + y + z = 20) and a single terminal is capped by a palmitoyl group.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is amber oily liquid.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is soluble in water, diluted acid, diluted alkalis and most organic solvents, insoluble in vegetable oil.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is used as emulsifier, solubilizer, stabilizer, diffusant and fiber lubricant etc.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40), also known as PEG 40 and Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monopalmitate, is a polyoxyethylene derivative of sorbitol, ethylene oxide as a petroleum derivative and palm oil in the form of palmitic acid.
Can cause skin allergy in some people.
It is an emulsifier derived from animal fatty acids, and natural oils and used as synthetic flavourings, surfactants, de foaming agents and dough conditioners.
It may increase the absorption of fatsoluble substances.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) used as emulsifier, stabiliser in a large range of foods including chewing gum, ice cream, soft drinks.
Also used in a wide range of detergents, pharmaceuticals and beauty and skin products.
People intolerant of propylene glycol should also avoid the group of E430-E436.
These compounds (E430-E436) contain fatty acids, which are nearly always from vegetable oils; however, use of animal fat (including pork) cannot be fully ruled out.
Chemically, the origin of these compounds cannot be determined; only the producer may provide information on the origin.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) may be irritating to mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40)’s have been linked to miscarriage and infertility. Potentially cancer-inciting.
Pharmaceutic aid (surfactant)Note—Graphic formula same as for Polysorbate 20, except that R is (C15H31)COO.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is an emulsifier and stabilizer of essential oils in water.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is also a detergent and employed in a variety of cleansing and moisturizing preparations.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is a non-ionic surfactant used as an inner antistatic agent.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is mainly used in ice cream, sauces and dressings, baked goods, desserts, confectionery, as well as cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
In the food industry, it is mainly used as a stabiliser to prevent the separation of mixtures such as fat and water.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) also prolongs the shelf life of food and improves its appearance.
Despite its synthetic origin, Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is considered a safe additive.
However, it should be taken into account that some studies have linked Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) to a possible negative effect on the digestive system.
In cosmetics, it is mainly used for its ability to improve the consistency and distribution of other ingredients in the product.
In pharmaceuticals, Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is used as a component of carriers for medicinal substances.
It helps mix oil and water-based ingredients, stabilizing creams, lotions, and gels.
Safety Profile Of Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40):
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is recommended to avoid direct eye contact with the product.
Some individuals may be allergic or hypersensitive to Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40), resulting in reactions such as skin rashes, itching, or swelling.
In rare cases, more severe allergic responses like contact dermatitis or anaphylactic reactions could occur, especially in those with a history of allergies to similar compounds.
Inhalation of dust or mist from products containing Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) can irritate the respiratory system, leading to coughing, shortness of breath, or throat irritation.
This is more likely in industrial or manufacturing environments where aerosolized forms of the substance might be present.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is considered safe for use in food products (GRAS status by the FDA), ingesting large quantities may cause digestive upset, such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.
Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is important to consume products containing Polysorbate 40 within recommended limits.
No significant long-term health risks are generally associated with Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) when used within established safety limits.
However, prolonged or excessive exposure to high concentrations in industrial or laboratory settings should be avoided.
While Polysorbate 40 (Tween 40) is generally mild, it can cause skin irritation or allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.
Prolonged exposure or high concentrations may lead to dryness or discomfort.
Contact with eyes may cause irritation, redness, or discomfort.
