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CAS NUMBER: 7757-79-1
EC NUMBER: 231-818-8
MOLECULAR FORMULA: KNO3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 101.103
DESCRIPTION:
Potassium nitrate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula KNO3.
Potassium nitrate is also known as Indian saltpetre (large deposits of which were historically mined in India).
Potassium nitrate is an ionic salt of potassium ions K+ and nitrate ions NO3−, and is therefore an alkali metal nitrate.
Potassium nitrate occurs in nature as a mineral, niter.
Potassium nitrate is a source of nitrogen, and nitrogen was named after niter.
Potassium nitrate is one of several nitrogen-containing compounds collectively referred to as saltpetre.
Major uses of potassium nitrate are in fertilizers, tree stump removal, rocket propellants and fireworks.
Potassium nitrate is one of the major constituents of gunpowder (black powder).
In processed meats, potassium nitrate reacts with hemoglobin and myoglobin generating a red color.
Potassium nitrate appears as a white to dirty gray crystalline solid.
Noncombustible, but accelerates the burning of combustible materials.
If large quantities are involved in fire or the combustible material is finely divided an explosion may result.
May explode under prolonged exposure to heat or fire.
Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires.
Potassium nitrate is used in solid propellants, explosives, fertilizers.
Potassium nitrate is a crystalline salt, KNO3; a strong oxidizer used especially in making gunpowder, as a fertilizer, and in medicine.
Potassium nitrate is the inorganic nitrate salt of potassium. It has a role as a fertilizer.
Potassium nitrate is a potassium salt and an inorganic nitrate salt.
APPLICATION:
-In the food industry, Potassium nitrate is used as chromogenic reagent, color protecting agent, anti microbial agents, preservatives, such as for bacon, anti-corrosion effect during the luncheon meat.
-Hair color agent; anti microbial agent; preservative; color protecting agent.
-Raw materiall for blending fertilizer
-Hair color agent; anti microbial agent; preservative; color protecting agent.
-Fertigation of hydroponics and greenhouse crops
-Used in the manufacture of fireworks, black powder, matches, ceramic glaze, glass clarifying agent, fertilizer, etc.
-Production of top-quality liquid fertilizers
PRODUCTION:
Potassium nitrate is produced in a nitrary.
The process involved burial of excrements in a field beside the nitraries, watering them and waiting until leaching allowed saltpeter to come to the ground surface by efflorescence.
Operators then gathered the resulting powder and transported it to be concentrated by ebullition in the boiler plant.
Potassium nitrate can be made by combining ammonium nitrate and potassium hydroxide.
NH4NO3 (aq) + KOH (aq) → NH3 (g) + KNO3 (aq) + H2O (l)
An alternative way of producing potassium nitrate without a by-product of ammonia is to combine ammonium nitrate, found in instant ice packs, and potassium chloride, easily obtained as a sodium-free salt substitute.
NH4NO3 (aq) + KCl (aq) → NH4Cl (aq) + KNO3 (aq)
Potassium nitrate can also be produced by neutralizing nitric acid with potassium hydroxide.
This reaction is highly exothermic.
KOH (aq) + HNO3 → KNO3 (aq) + H2O (l)
On industrial scale it is prepared by the double displacement reaction between sodium nitrate and potassium chloride.
NaNO3 (aq) + KCl (aq) → NaCl (aq) + KNO3 (aq)
PROPERTIES:
Potassium nitrate has an orthorhombic crystal structure at room temperature, which transforms to a trigonal system at 129 °C (264 °F).
Potassium nitrate is moderately soluble in water, but its solubility increases with temperature.
The aqueous solution is almost neutral, exhibiting pH 6.2 at 14 °C (57 °F) for a 10% solution of commercial powder.
Potassium nitrate is not very hygroscopic, absorbing about 0.03% water in 80% relative humidity over 50 days.
Potassium nitrate is insoluble in alcohol and is not poisonous.
Potassium nitrate can react explosively with reducing agents, but it is not explosive on its own.
USES:
Potassium nitrate has a wide variety of uses, largely as a source of nitrate.
-Nitric acid production:
Historically, nitric acid was produced by combining sulfuric acid with nitrates such as saltpeter.
In modern times this is reversed: nitrates are produced from nitric acid produced via the Ostwald process.
-Oxidizer:
The most famous use of potassium nitrate is probably as the oxidizer in blackpowder.
From the most ancient times until the late 1880s, blackpowder provided the explosive power for all the world's firearms.
After that time, small arms and large artillery increasingly began to depend on cordite, a smokeless powder. Blackpowder remains in use today in black powder rocket motors, but also in combination with other fuels like sugars in "rocket candy" (a popular amateur rocket fuel).
Potassium nitrate is also used in fireworks such as smoke bombs.
Potassium nitrate is also added to cigarettes to maintain an even burn of the tobacco and is used to ensure complete combustion of paper cartridges for cap and ball revolvers.
Potassium nitrate can also be heated to several hundred degrees to be used for niter bluing, which is less durable than other forms of protective oxidation, but allows for specific and often beautiful coloration of steel parts, such as screws, pins, and other small parts of firearms.
-Meat processing:
Potassium nitrate has been a common ingredient of salted meat since antiquity or the Middle Ages.
The widespread adoption of nitrate use is more recent and is linked to the development of large-scale meat processing.
The use of potassium nitrate has been mostly discontinued because of slow and inconsistent results compared to sodium nitrite compounds such as "Prague powder" or pink "curing salt".
Potassium nitrate is still used in some food applications, such as salami, dry-cured ham, charcuterie, and (in some countries) in the brine used to make corned beef (sometimes together with sodium nitrite).
When used as a food additive in the European Union, the compound is referred to as E252; it is also approved for use as a food additive in the United States and Australia and New Zealand (where it is listed under its INS number 252).
-Food preparation:
In West African cuisine, potassium nitrate (saltpetre) is widely used as a thickening agent in soups and stews such as okra soup and isi ewu.
Potassium nitrate is also used to soften food and reduce cooking time when boiling beans and tough meat.
Saltpetre is also an essential ingredient in making special porridges, such as kunun kanwa literally translated from the Hausa language as 'saltpetre porridge'.
In the Shetland Islands (UK) Potassium nitrate is used in the curing of mutton to make reestit mutton, a local delicacy.
-Fertilizer:
Potassium nitrate is used in fertilizers as a source of nitrogen and potassium two of the macronutrients for plants.
When used by itself, it has an NPK rating of 13-0-44.
-Pharmacology:
-Used in some toothpastes for sensitive teeth.
-Recently, the use of potassium nitrate in toothpastes for treating sensitive teeth has increased.
-Used historically to treat asthma.[47] Used in some toothpastes to relieve asthma symptoms.
-Used in Thailand as main ingredient in kidney tablets to relieve the symptoms of cystitis, pyelitis and urethritis.
-Combats high blood pressure and was once used as a hypotensive.
-Other uses:
-Electrolyte in a salt bridge
-Active ingredient of condensed aerosol fire suppression systems.
-When burned with the free radicals of a fire's flame, it produces potassium carbonate.
-Works as an aluminium cleaner.
-Component (usually about 98%) of some tree stump removal products.
-Potassium nitrate accelerates the natural decomposition of the stump by supplying nitrogen for the fungi attacking the wood of the stump.
-In heat treatment of metals as a medium temperature molten salt bath, usually in combination with sodium nitrite.
-A similar bath is used to produce a durable blue/black finish typically seen on firearms.
-Its oxidizing quality, water solubility, and low cost make it an ideal short-term rust inhibitor.
-To induce flowering of mango trees in the Philippines.
-Thermal storage medium in power generation systems.
-Sodium and potassium nitrate salts are stored in a molten state with the solar energy collected by the heliostats at the Gemasolar Thermosolar Plant.
-As a source of potassium ions for exchange with sodium ions in chemically strengthened glass.
-As an oxidizer in model rocket fuel called Rocket candy.
SYNONYM:
7757-79-1
Saltpeter
Nitre
Nitrate of potash
saltpetre
Nitric acid potassium salt
potassium;nitrate
Nitric acid, potassium salt
Kaliumnitrat
UNII-RU45X2JN0Z
KNO3
MFCD00011409
RU45X2JN0Z
Vicknite
CHEBI:63043
Kalii nitras
DSSTox_CID_9692
DSSTox_RID_78811
DSSTox_GSID_29692
Salt peter
CHEMBL1644029
Caswell No. 697
Kaliumnitrat
Potassium nitrate(DOT)
CAS-7757-79-1
CCRIS 3667
HSDB 1227
EINECS 231-818-8
NSC 5763
UN1486
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076103
Kali nitricum
Potassium nitrate
AI3-51245
Potassium-nitrate
Sensodyne (TN)
Nitric acid potassium salt (1:1)
Potassium Nitrate,(S)
Potassium nitrate, 99%
Potassium nitrate (KNO3)
EC 231-818-8
Potassium Nitrate ACS grade
Potassium nitrate
INS NO.252
DTXSID4029692
Potassium nitrate, p.a., 99%
INS-252
Potassium nitrate, Puratronic(R)
Tox21_201581
Tox21_303394
Potassium nitrate, AR, >=99.5%
Potassium nitrate, LR, >=99.5%
AKOS015902862
AKOS024418772
Potassium nitrate, cell culture tested
DB11090
Potassium nitrate, BioXtra, >=99.0%
NCGC00249235-01
NCGC00257274-01
NCGC00259130-01
BP-31027
E252
Potassium nitrate [UN1486] [Oxidizer]
Potassium nitrate, ACS reagent, >=99.0%
Potassium nitrate, NIST(R) SRM(R) 193
E-252
FT-0698960
Potassium nitrate, BioUltra, >=99.5% (T)
D02051
Potassium nitrate, 99.99% trace metals basis
Potassium nitrate, ReagentPlus(R), >=99.0%
Potassium nitrate, SAJ first grade, >=99.0%
Potassium Nitrate, Trace metals grade 99.99%
Potassium nitrate, 99.999% trace metals basis
Potassium nitrate, JIS special grade, >=99.0%
Nitrate nitrogen standard solution, 100 ppm NO3-
Potassium nitrate, >= 99.995 % metals basis
Q177836
Potassium nitrate, anhydrous, 99.99% trace metals basis
Nitrogen and oxygen isotopes in nitrate, NIST(R) RM 8568
Potassium standard for AAS, ready-to-use, in nitric acid
Potassium standard for ICP, for ICP, ready-to-use, in nitric acid
USGS32 (nitrogen and oxygen isotopes in nitrate), NIST RM 8558
Nitrate ion standard solution, 0.01 M NO3-, for ion-selective electrodes
Potassium nitrate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Potassium nitrate, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, suitable for plant cell culture
Potassium nitrate, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=99%
Mettler-Toledo Calibration substance ME 51143095, Potassium nitrate, traceable to primary standards (LGC)
Potassium nitrate, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph??Eur, BP, USP, FCC, E252, 99.0-100.5%
PRODUCT INFORMATION:
-CAS number: 7757-79-1
-EC number: 231-818-8
-Grade: ISO,Reag. Ph Eur
-Hill Formula: KNO₃
-Chemical formula: KNO₃
-Molar Mass: 101.10 g/mol
-HS Code: 2834 21 00
-Quality Level: MQ300
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
-Density: 2.109 g/cm3 (16 °C)
-Melting Point: 334 °C
-pH value: 5.0 - 7.5 (50 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
-Bulk density: 800 kg/m3
-Solubility: 320 g/l
STORAGE:
Store at +2°C to +30°C.
SPECIFICATION:
-Assay (alkalimetric): ≥ 99.0 %
-pH-value (5 % water): 5.0 - 7.5
-Chloride (Cl): ≤ 0.001 %
-Iodate (IO₃): ≤ 0.0005 %
-Nitrite (NO₂): ≤ 0.001 %
-Phosphate (PO₄): ≤ 0.0005 %
-Sulfate (SO₄): ≤ 0.003 %
-Heavy metals (as Pb): ≤ 0.0005 %
-Ca (Calcium): ≤ 0.001 %
-Cu (Copper): ≤ 0.0001 %
-Fe (Iron): ≤ 0.0003 %
WHAT IS POTASSIUM NITRATE:
Potassium nitrate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula KNO3.
Potassium nitrate is found in nature as a mineral called niter.
Potassium nitrate is a source of nitrogen and is named after the niter.
Potassium nitrate is one of several nitrogen-containing compounds collectively called saltpeter.
The main uses of potassium nitrate are in fertilizers, tree root removal, rocket propellants and fireworks.
Potassium nitrate is one of the main components of gunpowder.
In processed meats, potassium nitrate reacts with hemoglobin and myoglobin to form a blue color.
HOW IS POTASSIUM NITRATE PRODUCED:
Historically, potassium nitrate has been produced by various methods such as deposits on cave walls, mineral springs, nitric acid in the first world war.
Potassium nitrate can be made by combining ammonium nitrate and potassium hydroxide.
NH4NO3 (aq) + KOH (aq) → NH3 (g) + KNO3 (aq) + H2Die)
An alternative way to produce potassium nitrate without an ammonia byproduct is to combine ammonium nitrate found in ready-made ice packs with potassium chloride, which is readily available as a sodium-free salt substitute.
NH4NO3 (aq) + KCl (aq) → NH4Cl (aq) + KNO3 (aq)
Potassium nitrate can also be produced by neutralizing nitric acid with potassium hydroxide.
This reaction is highly exothermic.
KOH (aq) + HNO3 → KNO3 (aq) + H2Die)
Potassium nitrate is prepared on an industrial scale by a double displacement reaction between sodium nitrate and potassium chloride.
NaNO3 (aq) + KCl (aq) → NaCl (aq) + KNO3 (aq)
IN WHICH SECTORS IS POTASSIUM NITRATE USED:
-gunpowder industry
-Culinary and food production
-Fertilizers and herbicides
-Dental care and toothpaste production
USAGE AREAS OF POTASSIUM NITRATE:
-Historically, nitric acid was produced by combining sulfuric acid with nitrates such as saltpeter.
-In modern times this reversal nitrates are produced from nitric acid produced via the Ostwald process.
-Probably the most well-known use of potassium nitrate is as an oxidizer in black powder.
-Potassium nitrate has been a common ingredient in salted meat since ancient times or the Middle Ages.
-Potassium nitrates use has become widespread in connection with the development of large-scale meat enterprises.
-In West African cuisine, potassium nitrate is widely used as a thickening agent in soups and stews.
-Potassium nitrate is also used to soften food and shorten cooking time when boiling beans and tough meats.
-Potassium nitrate is used in fertilizers as a source of nitrogen and potassium, two of the macronutrients for plants.
-Potassium nitrate is used in toothpaste ingredients developed for sensitive teeth.
-Potassium nitrate is also used in some toothpastes to relieve asthma symptoms.
-In Thailand Potassium nitrate is used as the main ingredient in kidney tablets to relieve the symptoms of cystitis, pyelitis and urethritis.
-Potassium nitrate fights high blood pressure and was formerly used as a hypotensive.
-Potassium nitrate is used as an aluminum cleaner.
-Potassium nitrate accelerates the natural decomposition of the stump by providing nitrogen for fungi that attack the stump wood.
-Potassium nitrate is used in the content of tree stump cleaning products.
-Potassium nitrate is used to increase flowering in some trees.
DESCRIPTION:
Potassium nitrate is known as a potassium compound with the formula KNO3.
Potassium nitrate is mainly used in fertilizers, rocket propellants and in the manufacture of fireworks.
If it is mixed with sulfur and charcoal in a certain amount, it brings black powder to the median.
When used as a food additive, it is called E252 in European Union norms.
Potassium nitrate precipitates from the mixture of boiling solutions, the solubility of which does not change much in temperature.
Potassium nitrate, which has a higher solubility and remains in solution, becomes crystalline as a result of cooling.
Among the three components of black powder, potassium nitrate acts as an oxidizer in black powder, in addition to charcoal dust and sulfur.
Potassium nitrate is mostly used in fertilizers suitable for plants as nitrogen component and potassium substance from macro nutrients.
When used as a pure fertilizer alone, the NPK ratio becomes 13-0-46.
As a food preservative, potassium nitrate has been used for the preservation of meat from the Middle Ages to the present, but since sodium nitrate is more reliable to prevent bacterial infection, it has lost its importance as a food preservative today.
In addition to the preservation of meat and meat products, it is also used to give them a red color.
Potassium nitrate has an oxidizing property.
Since Potassium nitrate contains potassium substance, Potassium nitrate creates a lilac colored flame upon combustion.
For this reason, Potassium nitrate is used in many compositions such as smoke bombs obtained by mixing amateur rocket propellants with sugar and potassium nitrate, and in fireworks.
In addition, Potassium nitrate is added to the tobacco blend before the cigarette is rolled in order to ensure that the tobacco burns properly.
Potassium nitrate is found in some toothpaste for sensitive teeth.
Recently, the use of potassium nitrate in toothpaste for the treatment of sensitive teeth has increased.
Potassium nitrate can be applied from the soil, on leaves and with irrigation and drip and sprinkler systems.
There are 2 different types: Pril potassium nitrate is a crystalline and low pH potassium nitrate substance.
Potassium nitrate is suitable for direct soil applications.
Potassium nitrate is easy to use by machine and manual spreading.
Potassium nitrate is mixed with other fertilizers in the form of granules or prills.
Potassium nitrate is suitable for use before planting or in hoeing and irrigation.
Potassium nitrate is suitable for use in drip irrigation systems and foliar applications.
USAGE AREAS:
-Since potassium nitrate does not contain sodium and chlorine, it can be used safely in all plants.
-Vegetables can be used in any way with the irrigation system.
-Potassium nitrate provides abundant yield, smooth and high quality products.
-Potassium nitrate increases the amount and quality of fruit in citrus products, prevents fruit shedding.
-Potassium nitrate provides a larger and higher quality yield in potatoes.
-Potassium nitrate creates a reducing effect on warehouse losses.
-Potassium nitrate increases the dry matter rate.
-Potassium nitrate increases flowering, fruit quantity and quality in fruits with hard seeds.
-Potassium nitrate creates high aroma ratio, color and sugar ratio in melon and watermelon.
-Potassium nitrate increases the brightness of the shells, resistance to plant diseases and provides early maturation.
-Potassium nitrate increases the number of bolls in cotton, increases the weight and fiber quality of the cotton.
-Potassium nitrate is used safely in all flowers.
-Potassium nitrate has a direct effect on flower quality in terms of color and smoothness.
-Potassium nitrate improves the quality of grapes in the vineyard.
-Potassium nitrate increases the sugar rate of grapes and increases the resistance against diseases.
-In tobacco, Potassium nitrate will provide high product and quality leaves.
Potassium nitrate is a manufactured fertilizer for supplying nitrogen and potassium.
Potassium nitrate is made from potassium chloride and a source of nitrate, such as sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, or nitric acid.
Potassium nitrate is sold as a water-soluble, crystalline material for hydroponics and in a prilled form for soil application.
Sales of potassium nitrate account for only a small portion of the global potassium fertilizer market as a fertilizer for special uses.
Potassium nitrates grade is 13-0-45.
Potassium nitrate is the ingredient of stump removers as it facilitates rotting of tree stumps.
Natural occurring potassium nitrate is saltpeter.
Potassium nitrate contains a single nitrogen.
Potassium nitrates frequency is higher than that of the nitrate ion in ammonium nitrate.
The T 1s and T 2es of the two nitrate ion transitions are similar; therefore, their detection sensitivities are similar.
The potassium ion also can be detected by NQR.
Potassium nitrates resonance is higher in frequency than the nitrogen and its T 1 is shorter, but its line is broader and T 2e is shorter.
Potassium nitrate (KNO₃) is a soluble source of two major essential plant nutrients.
Potassium nitrate’s commonly used as a fertilizer for high-value crops that benefit from nitrate (NO₃-) nutrition and a source of potassium (K+) free of chloride (Cl⁻).
PRODUCTION:
Manufacturers typically make potassium nitrate fertilizer (sometimes referred to as nitrate of potash or NOP by reacting potassium chloride (KCl) with a nitrate source.
Depending on the objectives and available resources, the nitrate may come from sodium nitrate, nitric acid or ammonium nitrate.
The resulting Potassium nitrate is identical regardless of the manufacturing process.
Potassium nitrate is commonly sold as a water-soluble, crystalline material primarily intended for dissolving and applying with water or in a prilled form for soil application.
Traditionally, this compound is known as saltpeter.
AGRICULTURAL USES:
Growers value fertilizing with KNO₃ especially in conditions where a highly soluble, chloride-free nutrient source is needed.
In such soils, all of the N is immediately available for plant uptake as nitrate, requiring no additional microbial action and soil transformation.
Growers of high-value vegetable and orchard crops sometime prefer to use a nitrate-based source of nutrition in an effort to boost yield and quality.
Potassium nitrate contains a relatively high proportion of K, with an N to K ratio of approximately one to three.
Many crops have high K demands and can remove as much or more K than N at harvest.
Applications of KNO₃ to the soil are made before the growing season or as a supplement during the growing season.
A diluted solution is sometimes sprayed on plant foliage to stimulate physiological processes or to overcome nutrient deficiencies.
Foliar application of K during fruit development advantages some crops, since this growth stage often coincides with high K demands during the time of declining root activity and nutrient uptake.
Potassium nitrate’s also commonly used for greenhouse plant production and hydroponic culture.
Both N and K are required by plants to support harvest quality, protein formation, disease resistance and water-use efficiency.
Therefore, to support healthy growth, farmers often apply KNO₃ to soil or through the irrigation system during the growing season.
Potassium nitrate accounts for only a small portion of the global K fertilizer market.
Potassium nitrate’s primarily used where its unique composition and properties can provide specific benefits to growers.
Further, Potassium nitrate’s easy to handle and apply, and is compatible with many other fertilizers, including specialty fertilizers for many high-value specialty crops, as well as those used on grain and fiber crops.
The relatively high solubility of KNO₃ under warm conditions allows for a more concentrated solution than for other common K fertilizers.
However, farmers must carefully manage the water to keep the nitrate from moving below the root zone.
NON-AGRICULTURAL USES:
Potassium nitrate has long been used for fireworks and gunpowder.
Potassium nitrate’s now more commonly added to food to maintain the quality of meat and cheese.
Specialty toothpastes often contain KNO₃ to alleviate tooth sensitivity.
A mixture of KNO₃ and sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) is used for storing heat in solar energy installations.
BACKGROUND:
Potassium nitrate is an inorganic salt with a chemical formula of KNO3.
Potassium nitrate is a natural source of nitrate and has been used as a constituent for several different purposes, including food preservatives, fertilizers, tree stump removal, rocket propellants, and fireworks.
Potassium nitrate is a common active ingredient in toothpaste, exerting an anti-sensitivity action.
Potassium nitrate provides increasing protection against painful sensitivity of the teeth to cold, heat, acids, sweets or contact
In addition, potassium nitrate is used as a diuretic in pigs, cattle, and horses.
Potassium nitrate is administered orally doses up to 30 g per animal per day.
GENERAL INFORMATION:
Potassium nitrate chemical formula in the old language, also known as salt water, in cold water very hot, very soluble in warm water, white in the form of this compound, naturally found in rocks and caves in crustacean form.
Potassium nitrate is not soluble in alcohol and it is not toxic, it does not have explosive property alone.
Although potassium nitrate normally dissolves in water, its solubility increases with temperature.
The aqueous solution exhibits an almost neutrality (10% potassium nitrate solution is pH at 6.2 ° C at 6.2 ° C).
Potassium nitrate is not very hygroscopic.
Potassium nitrate is insoluble in alcohol and not toxic.
Although Potassium nitrate reacts with reducing agents, it does not have any explosive properties.
Potassium nitrate, which is added as an additive to its hard structure after ceramic or clay processes, contributes with other chemicals.
Potassium nitrate is commercially produced by reaction of potassium chloride with sodium nitrate.
When potassium nitrate is decomposed by heat, it releases oxygen.
The solution can be obtained by double decomposition of the sodium nitrate and potassium chloride mixture.
Potassium nitrate, which has a higher solubility and remains in solution, crystallizes as a result of cooling.
USES IN CERAMIC:
Potassium nitrate is used in the production of clay.
Potassium nitrate is hard after cooking at high temperatures.
If Potassium nitrate passes through other stages, a non-deformed structure is used as an additive to the ceramic which takes the form.
USES IN PINE:
Potassium nitrate is used as an additive to the amorphous structure of glass in this sector.
IDENTIFICATION:
Potassium Nitrate is a transparent, white or colorless, crystalline (sand-like) powder or solid with a sharp, saltytaste.
Potassium nitrate is used to make explosives, matches, fertilizer, fireworks, glass and rocket fuel.
The chemical compound potassium nitrate is a naturally occurring mineral source of nitrogen.
Potassium nitrate is a nitrate with chemical formula KNO3.
Potassium nitrates common names include saltpetre (from Medieval Latin sal petrae: "stone salt" or possibly "Salt of Petra"), American English salt peter, Nitrate of potash and nitre.
The name salt peter is also applied to sodium nitrate.
Potassium nitrate is the oxidizing (oxygen-supplying) component of black powder.
Prior to the large-scale industrial fixation of nitrogen through the Haber process, a major source of Potassium nitrate was the deposits crystallising from cave walls or the drainings of decomposing organic material.
Dung-heaps were a particularly common source: ammonia from the decomposition of urea and other nitrogenous materials would undergo bacterial oxidation to produce nitrate.
Potassium nitrate was and is also used as a component in some fertilizers.
When used by itself as a fertilizer, it has an NPK rating of 13-0-44 (indicating 13%, 0%, and 44% of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, by mass, respectively).
MANUFACTURE:
Historically, nitre-beds were prepared by mixing manure with either mortar or wood ashes, common earth and organic materials such as straw to give porosity to a compost pile typically 1.5 metres high by 2 metres wide by 5 metres long.
The heap was usually under a cover from the rain, kept moist with urine, turned often to accelerate the decomposition and leached with water after approximately one year.
The liquid containing various nitrates was then converted with wood ashes to potassium nitrates, crystallized and refined for use in gunpowder.
Today, most potassium nitrate comes from the vast deposits of sodium nitrate (NaNO3, nitratine) in the Chilean deserts.
The sodium nitrate is purified and then reacted in solution with potassium chloride (KCl, sylvite), from which the less-soluble potassium nitrate is precipitated out.
APPLICATION:
One of the most useful applications of potassium nitrate is in the production of nitric acid, by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to an aqueous solution of potassium nitrate, yielding nitric acid and potassium sulfate which are separated through fractional distillation.
Potassium nitrate is also used as a fertilizer, in model rocket propellant, and in several fireworks such as smoke bombs, in which a mixture with sugar produces a smoke cloud of 600 times their own volume.
The ratio for smoke bombs using sucrose (powdered sugar) and potassium nitrate is 40(C12H22O11):60(KNO3).
Potassium nitrate can be used as is, or carefully melted together using a hot plate.
In the process of food preservation, potassium nitrate is a rare ingredient of salted meat, but there are theories indicating that using nitrates in meats can cause cancer.
As a preservative it can be known as E252.
Potassium Nitrate is also a main component in stump remover.
Potassium nitrate accelerates the natural decomposition of the stump.
Stump remover is usually about 98% pure KNO3, and is a common source of KNO3.
Potassium nitrate has also been used in the manufacture of ice cream and can be found in some toothpastes for sensitive teeth.
Recently, the use of potassium nitrate in toothpastes for sensitive teeth has increased dramatically, despite the fact that it has not been conclusively shown to help dental hypersensitivity.
A popular misconception is that potassium nitrate is an anaphrodisiac and was added to food in all-male institutions.
In fact, potassium nitrate has no such effect in humans.
Although potassium nitrate is used in gunpowder, by itself, potassium nitrate is not combustible or flammable.
IDENTIFICATION:
Potassium nitrate also called saltpetre or nitre is a white solid soluble in water formed by fractional crystallisation of sodium nitrate and potassium chloride solutions.
Potassium nitrate occurs naturally as nitre in rocks in India, South Africa and Brazil. When heated it decomposes to give the nitrite and oxygen. Unlike sodium nitrate it is non-deliquescent. Potassium nitrate is used in gunpowder, fertilisers and in the laboratory preparation of nitric acid.
Potassium nitrate is the most common desensitising agent in over-the-counter dentifrices.
At a concentration of 5%, potassium nitrate in conjunction with sodium or monofluorophosphate fluoride significantly reduces symptoms within 2 weeks of daily use.
Potassium ions penetrate the length of the dentinal tubule and block the repolarization of the nerve ending.
Frequent and regular application of a potassium nitrate dentifrice is necessary to avoid recurrence of symptoms, maintain a high abundance of extracellular potassium ions, and maintain the interdental nerves in a hyperpolarized state.
Potassium nitrate, often called saltpetre, occurs as an efflorescence in caverns and on soils in arid regions.
Potassium nitrate is a salt.
Potassium nitrate is prepared by neutralising acid. When potassium hydroxide neutralises nitric acid potassium nitrate is formed.
Potassium nitrate contains potassium (a soft, light, and silver metal), oxygen, and nitrogen (a colourless and odourless gas).
Potassium nitrate is an alkali metal nitrate because it is an ionic salt of potassium ions K+ ions and nitrate ions NO3−.
Potassium nitrate is solid white or sometimes white to dirty grey in colour. Potassium nitrate is soluble in hot water.
Potassium nitrate releases oxygen when heated or decomposed.
Potassium nitrate is a strong oxidising agent.
Potassium nitrate is widely used in the removal of stumps, fireworks, fertilisers, etc.
Potassium nitrate is a major constituent of black powder and food preservation techniques.
Potassium nitrate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula KNO3.
Potassium nitrate is an ionic salt of potassium ions K+ and nitrate ions NO3−, and is therefore an alkali metal nitrate.
Due to its high chemical purity and extremely low content of chloride and sulphate impurities, as well as of insoluble residues, this product finds widespread application in various industries.
High mechanical resistance allows using potassium nitrate in mechanized black powder and special pyrotechnical mixtures production processes, as well as in manufacturing of matches.
Lack of magnesium and calcium impurities makes it possible to use potassium nitrate as a component of thermal energy accumulation compounds in solar installations.
Potassium nitrate is also used in electrovacuum industry and flint glass manufacturing for discoloration and refining of industrial crystal glass and strengthening glass products.
In food industry, food-grade potassium nitrate (Е252 additive) is used for preservation of meat products (such as sausages, bacon, ham, tongue, link sausages, smoked link sausages etc.) and to pressed and conserved meat.
Potassium nitrate is a chemical compound with the formula KNO3.
Potassium nitrate is an ionic salt of potassium ions K+ and nitrate ions NO−3.
Potassium nitrate is an alkali metal nitrate.
Potassium nitrate known as saltpetre or nitre is a white solid soluble in water.
Potassium nitrate is formed by fractional crystallization of sodium nitrate and potassium chloride solutions.
On heating, it decomposes and gives nitrite and oxygen. Unlike sodium nitrate it is non-deliquescent.
Potassium nitrate is the most common desensitizing agent.
A concentration of 5%, potassium nitrate in conjunction with sodium or monofluorophosphate fluoride and reduces symptoms within 2 weeks of daily usage.
USES:
-Potassium nitrate is used as a form of fertiliser as it contains all the macronutrients needed for the plants to grow.
-Potassium nitrate is used as gunpowder in explosives such as bombs, grenades, etc.
-Used in the manufacturing and production of cigarettes.
-Potassium nitrate is used extensively used in the preservation of hides
-Potassium nitrate has medicinal applications such as a diuretic in medicine
-Used in toothpaste to make the teeth less sensitive to pain
-Used in the food industry to preserve meat against microbial agents
-Potassium nitrate is in use as a form of fertilizer.
-Potassium nitrate contains all the macronutrients for plant growth.
-Potassium nitrate is in use as gunpowder in explosives like bombs, grenades, etc.
-Potassium nitrate is useful in the manufacturing and production of cigarettes
-Potassium nitrate is in use as extensively used in the preservation of hides
-Potassium nitrate has medicinal applications like a diuretic in medicine
-Potassium nitrate is present in toothpaste to make the teeth less sensitive to pain.
-Potassium nitrate offers protection against the painful sensitivity of the teeth to ice, sun, acids, sweets or touch.
-Potassium nitrate has a major use in the food industry.
-Potassium nitrate preserves meat against microbial agents
BENEFITS:
-High purity and low salt index.
-High solubility.
-Low chlorine level.
-Non detectable Perchlorates level. (virtually free )
-Slightly acidic pH.
-High N: K ratio and readily available nitrate nitrogen.
-Free flowing.
-Low moisture content.
OTHER APPLICATION:
-CHEMICAL INDUSTRY:
Potassium nitrate is used in a wide variety of applications including glass manufacturing, explosives for mining and civil works, metal treatment and fireworks.
-FOOD INDUSTRY:
Potassium nitrate is a well-known ingredient in the food industry, as a mean to cure and preserve meats against microbial agents and to maintain the desirable color of meats and hard cheeses.
-PHARMACEUTICALS:
Potassium nitrate is a well-known product to de-sensitize sore teeth.
Potassium nitrate is therefore, a common ingredient in sophisticated toothpastes focusing on the treatment of sensitive teeth.
-POWER PLANTS:
Mixtures of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate salts are increasingly used as means to significantly enhance the efficiency of Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plants.
Potassium nitrate is very effective in storing thermal energy for up to several days.
This distinctive “rechargeable battery” feature enables nitrate molten-salt CSP plants to continue producing electricity steadily as needed almost unaffected by solar energy variations over a 24-hour period.
ABOUT POTASSIUM NITRATE:
Potassium nitrate is described as a chemical compound having the chemical name Potassium Nitrate.
Potassium nitrate is otherwise called niter or saltpeter, which is a white solid soluble in water formed by the fractional crystallization of potassium chloride and sodium nitrate solutions.
Potassium nitrate takes place naturally as niter in rocks in South Africa, Brazil, and India.
When heated this compound decomposes to form oxygen and nitrite.
Potassium nitrate is non-deliquescent, unlike sodium nitrate.
Potassium nitrate can be used in fertilizers, gunpowder, and in the laboratory preparation of nitric acid.
Potassium nitrate is a white solid substance that is soluble in water.
Potassium nitrate is chemically defined by crystallizing sodium nitrate and potassium chloride solutions.
Potassium nitrate occurs naturally as nitre in rocks in various parts of India, South Africa and Brazil.
When exposed to heat it decomposes and gives off nitrite and oxygen.
Unlike sodium nitrate it is non-deliquescent.
Potassium nitrate is used for preparing gunpowder, fertilizers and in the laboratory for the preparation of nitric acid.
Potassium nitrate is given as the most common desensitizing agent in over-the-counter dentifrices.
At a concentration of 5 percent, potassium nitrate in conjunction with either mono-fluoro-phosphate or sodium fluoride significantly reduces the symptoms within two weeks of daily use.
Potassium ions penetrate the length of the block repolarization and dentinal tubule of the nerve ending.
Regular and frequent application of a potassium nitrate dentifrice is required to avoid recurrence of symptoms, maintaining a high abundance of extracellular potassium ions, and maintaining the inter-dental nerves in a hyperpolarized state.
Potassium nitrate, which is often referred to as saltpeter, takes palace as an efflorescence on soils in arid regions and in caverns.
SYNTHESIS OF POTASSIUM NITRATE:
Potassium nitrate is generally a salt.
The neutralization of acid can prepare it.
When the potassium hydroxide neutralizes, Potassium nitrate forms nitric acid potassium nitrate.
The chemical reaction for the same can be given as follows:
KOH + HNO3 → KNO3 + H2O
Always, neutralizing the nitric acid produces “nitrate” salts.
At the same time, other acids produce other types of salts.
Potassium nitrate also consists of potassium (which is a light, soft, and silver metal), nitrogen (a colorless and odorless gas), and oxygen.
This compound is an alkali metal nitrate since it is an ionic salt of K+ ions, potassium ions, and nitrate ions (NO3−).
Potassium nitrate is solid white or, at times, white to dirty grey in color.
This compound is soluble in hot water, and it releases oxygen when decomposed or heated.
Potassium nitrate is given as a strong oxidizing agent and can be widely used in the removal of fireworks, stump, fertilizers, and more.
Potassium nitrate is a primary constituent of food preservation and black powder techniques.
CHEMICAL IDENTIFIERS:
-Linear Formula: KNO3
-MDL Number: MFCD00011409
-EC No.: 231-818-8
-InchI Identifier: InChI=1S/K.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1
-InchI Key: FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BENEFITS:
Since potassium nitrate fertilizer does not contain sodium and chlorine, it can be used safely on all plants.
Potassium nitrate can be used with all kinds of irrigation systems in vegetables.
Potassium nitrate ensures smooth, abundant and high quality product yield.
Potassium nitrate increases the fruit quantity and quality in citrus fruits.
Potassium nitrate also prevents fruit drop.
Potassium nitrate increases the flowering of hard stone fruits, increases the amount of fruit and fruit quality.
Potassium nitrate is used safely in all flowers.
Potassium nitrate also directly affects flower quality with elements such as color and smoothness.
Potassium nitrate increases the product and quality given in the vineyards.
WHAT IS POTASSIUM NITRATE:
Potassium Nitrate is a type of fertilizer that carries two important nutrients for plants and increases yield and quality.
Potassium nitrate contains approximately nitrogen (N) and 46% potassium (K2O), which is preferred for plants.
All the nitrogen it contains is in the form of nitrate (NO3) and can be taken up by plants immediately.
Since nitrate (–) is electrically charged, it also encourages the intake of some other nutrients.
Potassium Nitrate is also the best blended fertilizer for mixing fertilizers and preparing liquid fertilizer.
Potassium nitrate (KNO3) is obtained through a reaction of NaNO3 and potassium chloride (KCl).
Potassium nitrate is an important input in the production of crystal, enamel for covering ceramic or metallic surfaces, metal treatments and gunpowder, among others.
Potassium nitrate is highly water-soluble.
Potassium nitrate dissolves rapidly and completely in water making it ideal for use in fertirrigation.
As the water temperature rises, so does potassium nitrate solubility.
Potassium nitrate is not hygroscopic.
Potassium nitrate can be stored in bags or in bulk without absorbing humidity that generates compaction or management problems.
Potassium nitrate is compatible with other fertilizers.
Potassium nitrate does not generate insoluble precipitates that can clog drip irrigation or injectors, so it can be safely used in the production of different fertilizer solutions in mixing tanks.
Potassium nitrate is not volatile. In contrast to ammonia, it is not necessary to mix it into the soil when applied over large areas or locally.
Potassium nitrate (chemical formula: KNO3) is the nitrate of potassium.
Potassium nitrate is a crystalline salt and a strong oxidizer which can be specially used in making gunpowder, as a fertilizer, and in medicine.
Potassium nitrate can be manufactured through the reaction between ammonium nitrate and potassium hydroxide, and alternatively through the reaction between ammonium nitrate with potassium chloride.
Potassium nitrate has various applications.
Potassium nitrates major applications include: fertilizer, tree stump removal, rocket propellant and fireworks.
Potassium nitrate can also be used for the nitric acid production.
Potassium nitrate is also useful for food preservation and food preparation.
Potassium nitrate can be used to treat asthma and relieving high blood pressure.
USES:
Potassium nitrate is used chiefly in the manufacture of gunpowder or other explosives, but is also used for fireworks,for lucifer matches, for curing meat, for manufacture of certain kinds of glass, for flux in metallurgical assays, for some dyeing, and in medicine.
In agriculture, potassium nitrate is used as a water-soluble and virtually chloride-free source of nitrate-nitrogen and potassium nutrients.
Due to the product's specific characteristics and benefits, target markets are related to high-value crops such as vegetables, fruits and flowers.
Furthermore, chloride-sensitive crops, such as potato, strawberry, beans, cabbage, lettuce, peanut, carrot, onion, blackberry tobacco, apricot, grapefruit and avocado, will depend for their quality on the use of chloride-free K sources, such as potassium nitrate.
Potassium nitrate is used in a wide variety of applications including glass manufacturing, explosives for mining and civil works, metal treatment, fireworks, and recently, as a means to drastically increase the efficiency of Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plants as described in the following paragraph.
Potassium nitrate is a water-soluble NK fertilizer containing 13.7% nitrate nitrogen and 46% potassium oxide (38.4%).
Potassium nitrate (KNO3) is a soluble source of two major essential plant nutrients.
Potassium nitrate’s commonly used as a fertilizer for high-value crops that benefit from nitrate (NO3-) nutrition and a source of potassium (K+) free of chloride (Cl-).
Potassium nitrate is a solid, colorless, crystalline ionic compound that exists as the mineral niter.
Potassium nitrate is also known as saltpeter.
The name saltpeter comes from the Latin sal petrae, meaning salt of stone or salt of Petra.
Potassium Nitrate is a preservative and color fixative in meats which exists as colorless prisms or white granules or powder.
Potassium nitrate has a solubility of 1 g in 3 ml of water at 25°c. see nitrate.
INDUSTRIAL USES:
Potassium nitrate is also called niter and saltpeter,although these usually refer to the native mineral.
A substance of the composition KNO3, it is used in explosives, for bluing steel, and infertilizers.
A mixture of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate is used for steel-tempering baths.
The mixture melts at 250°C. Potassium nitrateis made by the action of potassium chloride onsodium nitrate.
Potassium nitrate occurs in colorless prismaticcrystals, or as a crystalline white powder.
Potassium nitrate hasa sharp saline taste and is soluble in water.
The specific gravity is 2.1 and the melting point is337°C.
Potassium nitrate contains a large percentage of oxygen, which is readily given up andis well adapted for pyrotechnic compounds.
Potassium nitrate gives a beautiful violet flame in burning.
Potassium nitrate isused in flares and in signal rockets.
Most enamels contain some oxidizing agentin the form of potassium or sodium nitrate.
Only a small amount of nitrate is necessary; 2 to 4% is sufficient to maintain oxidizing conditionsin most smelting operations.
In glazes Potassium nitrate is sometimes used as a flux inplace of potassium oxide, but, owing to its costand solubility, very little of it is contained inglaze.
Where conditions prevent the use of sufficientpotash feldspar, potassium oxide is introducedinto the mix, usually in the form of thenitrate in a frit.
Potassium nitrite is a solid of the compositionKNO2 used as a rust inhibitor, for theregeneration of heat-transfer salts, and for themanufacture of dyes.
IUPAC NAME:
arsenic
Kaliumnitrat
Nitrato di Potassio E252
Nitric acid potassium salt , Potassium nitrate
poassium nitrate
Potasio Nitrato
potassimu nitrate
potassium nitratde
POTASSIUM NITRATE
Potassium Nitrate
Potassium nitrate
potassium nitrate
Potassium Nitrate
Potassium nitrate
potassium nitrate
Potassium nitrate
potassium;nitrate
TRADE NAME:
Amonio sulfat
K-Solar
Kalii nitras
Kalisalpeter
Kaliumnitrat
Multi-K
Multi-K 13.2-0-46
Multi-K 13.5-0-46.2
Multi-K 13.8-0-46.5
Multi-K Prills
Multi-K Special
Niter
Nitrate of potash
Nitrate of Potassium
Nitric acid potassium salt
nitric acid, potassium salt
NOP
PN-TG
PN-TG-Prills
Potassium Nitrate
Potassium nitrate
potassium nitrate
potassium nitrate monohydrate
Salt peter
Saltpeter
Saltpetre
