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Potassium peroxodisulfate is a strong inorganic oxidizing agent used in polymerization, bleaching, etching, and chemical oxidation processes.
Potassium peroxodisulfate acts as a free-radical initiator and supports controlled reaction performance in many polymer systems.
Because of its oxidizing nature, Potassium peroxodisulfate must be stored dry and away from reducing agents, organic materials, combustible substances, and contamination.
CAS Number: 7727-21-1
EC Number: 231-781-8
Molecular Formula: K2S2O8
Molecular Weight: 270.32 g/mol
Synonyms: Potassium Persulfate, KPS, Dipotassium Peroxodisulfate, Dipotassium Peroxydisulfate, Dipotassium Persulfate, Kaliumperoxodisulfat, Peroxydisulfuric Acid Dipotassium Salt, Potassium Perdisulfate, Potassium Peroxysulfate, Anthion, K2S2O8, EINECS 231-781-8, MDL MFCD00011386, UN1492
Potassium peroxodisulfate is an inorganic persulfate salt and a strong oxidizing agent.
Potassium peroxodisulfate is commonly used as a free-radical initiator in polymerization reactions, as well as in bleaching, etching, surface treatment, cleaning, and chemical oxidation processes.
Potassium peroxodisulfate should be handled carefully because it may intensify fire and can react with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, and contaminated materials.
Potassium peroxodisulfate is also known as potassium persulfate (K2S2O8).
Potassium peroxodisulfate is commonly used as an oxidizing agent and polymerization initiator in organic synthesis.
Applications of Potassium Peroxodisulfate:
Potassium peroxodisulfate is used in emulsion polymerization, acrylic resin production, styrene and vinyl acetate polymer systems, hair bleaching formulations, printed circuit board etching, textile treatment, water treatment, soil remediation, and industrial cleaning products.
Potassium peroxodisulfate provides strong oxidation performance and helps generate free radicals for controlled chemical reactions.
Potassium peroxodisulfate can be used as a polymerization initiator in the synthesis of polyacrylamide via radical polymerization of acrylamide, and as an oxidizing agent in the photochemical oxidation of atrazine aqueous solution.
The K2S2O8-AgSCF3 catalytic system is used in the direct trifluoromethylthiolation of unactivated C(sp3)-H bonds under mild conditions; Potassium peroxodisulfate plays an important role in the activation of the C-H bond and the oxidation of AgSCF3 in this process.
K2S2O8-FeCl3 is used for the thiocyanation of 2H-indazoles using ammonium thiocyanate as a thiocyanating agent.
Stability and Reactivity of Potassium Peroxodisulfate:
Chemical stability:
Potassium peroxodisulfate is stable under recommended dry, cool, and well-ventilated storage conditions.
Reactivity:
Potassium peroxodisulfate is a strong oxidizing agent and may intensify fire.
Potassium peroxodisulfate may react violently with reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, metals, metal powders, strong acids, strong bases, and contaminated materials.
Conditions to avoid:
Avoid heat, flames, sparks, direct sunlight, moisture, humidity, friction, shock, dust formation, and contamination.
Incompatible materials:
Reducing agents, combustible materials, organic substances, powdered metals, strong acids, strong bases, alcohols, amines, peroxides, and easily oxidized materials.
Hazardous decomposition products:
Thermal decomposition may produce oxygen, sulfur oxides, potassium oxides, and irritating or toxic fumes.
Handling and Storage of Potassium Peroxodisulfate:
Handling:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practices.
Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Avoid breathing dust and prevent dust formation.
Storage:
Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Keep container tightly closed when not in use.
Protect from heat, moisture, direct sunlight, ignition sources, and contamination.
Store away from combustible materials, reducing agents, organic materials, and incompatible chemicals.
Keep in original sealed containers or suitable oxidizer-compatible industrial packaging.
First Aid Measures of Potassium Peroxodisulfate:
Inhalation:
Move person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
If coughing, irritation, asthma-like symptoms, or breathing difficulty occurs, seek medical attention immediately.
Skin contact:
Remove contaminated clothing.
Wash affected area with plenty of water and soap.
Seek medical attention if irritation, redness, or burning persists.
Eye contact:
Rinse cautiously with clean water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do.
Continue rinsing and seek medical attention immediately.
Ingestion:
Rinse mouth with water.
Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel.
Seek medical attention immediately.
Firefighting Measures of Potassium Peroxodisulfate:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use large amounts of water spray or flooding quantities of water.
Use extinguishing media suitable for surrounding fire.
Unsuitable extinguishing media:
Do not use dry chemical powder, foam, or carbon dioxide as the main extinguishing method for the oxidizer itself, because cooling and dilution with water are preferred.
Specific hazards:
Potassium peroxodisulfate is an oxidizer and may intensify fire.
It can release oxygen during decomposition and may support combustion of other materials.
Protective equipment for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and full protective clothing.
Firefighting instructions:
Cool containers exposed to fire with water spray.
Remove containers from fire area if safe to do so.
Avoid inhalation of decomposition gases.
Prevent contaminated firefighting water from entering drains or waterways.
Accidental Release Measures of Potassium Peroxodisulfate:
Personal precautions:
Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Avoid breathing dust.
Remove ignition sources and keep away from combustible materials.
Use appropriate personal protective equipment.
Environmental precautions:
Prevent material from entering drains, soil, surface water, or waterways.
Methods for cleaning up:
Stop spill if safe to do so.
Keep spilled material dry and avoid contamination with organic, combustible, or reducing materials.
Collect carefully by sweeping or vacuuming with dust-control methods.
Do not use combustible absorbents such as sawdust, paper, or cloth.
Place into clean, dry, labeled containers for disposal according to local, regional, and national regulations for oxidizing substances.
Exposure Controls / Personal Protective Equipment of Potassium Peroxodisulfate:
Engineering controls:
Use adequate ventilation.
Provide local exhaust ventilation where dust may be generated during weighing, transfer, mixing, or processing.
Respiratory protection:
Use suitable dust mask or respirator if dust levels are high, ventilation is insufficient, or exposure limits may be exceeded.
Hand protection:
Wear chemical-resistant protective gloves.
Eye protection:
Wear safety glasses or chemical splash goggles.
Use face protection where dust or splashing may occur.
Skin and body protection:
Wear suitable protective clothing to prevent skin contact.
Use protective workwear and closed shoes.
Hygiene measures:
Wash hands after handling and before eating, drinking, or smoking.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
Keep away from food, beverages, animal feed, combustible materials, and incompatible chemicals.
Identifiers of Potassium Peroxodisulfate:
CAS No.: 7727-21-1
EC No.: 231-781-8
UN Code: UN1492
HS-No: 28334000
UNSPSC Code: 12352302
MDL Number: MFCD00011386
InChI Key: USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L
SMILES: [K+].[K+].[S](=O)(=O)([O-])OO[S](=O)(=O)[O-]
Properties of Potassium Peroxodisulfate:
Physical state: Solid
Appearance: White crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless or slight characteristic odor
Density: 2.48 g/cm3 at 20°C
Bulk density: 1150 kg/m3
Decomposition point: 100°C
pH: 3.2 (20°C, 50 g/L in H2O)
Solubility in water: 52.77 g/L at 20°C
Storage temperature: 2–30°C
Chemical nature: Strong inorganic oxidizing persulfate salt
Specifications of Potassium Peroxodisulfate:
Chemical name: Potassium peroxodisulfate (Potassium persulfate)
Molecular formula: K2S2O8
Molecular weight: 270.32 g/mol
Assay (iodometric): ≥99.0%
Insoluble matter: ≤0.005%
Chloride (Cl-): ≤0.001%
Fe: ≤0.0005%
Mn: ≤0.0001%
N: ≤0.001%
Heavy metals (as Pb): ≤0.001%
Storage temperature: 2–30°C
Names of Potassium Peroxodisulfate:
Potassium peroxodisulfate
Potassium persulfate
Dipotassium peroxodisulfate
Dipotassium peroxydisulfate
Potassium perdisulfate
Potassium peroxysulfate
Anthion
KPS
K2S2O8
