PRINTEX U

Printex U is a type of high-purity carbon black produced by furnace black technology and used in applications requiring very fine particle size and high structure.
Printex U is known for its excellent dispersibility, strong tint strength, and uniform morphology, making it suitable for demanding industrial formulations.
Printex U surface chemistry and particle characteristics allow it to perform effectively as a pigment, conductive additive, or reinforcing filler depending on the system.

CAS Number: 1333-86-4
EINECS Number: 215-609-9

Synonyms: Carbon Nanotube, Carbon nanotube, single-walled, Elemental Carbon, Carbon, Vitreous, Carbon 12, SUPERSORBON S1, RefChem:66979, DTXCID407391, CHEBI:33415, 231-153-3, 610-410-7, 97793-37-8, 05105_FLUKA, 05110_FLUKA, 05112_FLUKA, 05113_FLUKA, 05120_FLUKA, 05123_FLUKA, 101239-80-9, 106907-70-4, 109766-76-9, 114680-00-1, 115344-49-5, 116788-82-0, 876_FLUKA, 97876_SIAL, AC1NUWBM, Acetylene black, Acticarbone, Actidose, Activated carbon, Activated charcoal, Activated Charcoal Norit, Activated Charcoal Norit(R), Activated charcoal, iodinated, Adsorba, Adsorbit, Aerodag G, AG 1500, AG 3 (Adsorbent), AG 5, AG 5 (Adsorbent), AGN-PC-0LQUF1, AK (Adsorbent), AKOS015914131, Amoco PX 21, Animal bone charcoal, Anthrasorb, Aqua nuchar, Aquadag, AR 3, Aroflow, Arogen, Arotone, Arovel, Arrow, ART 2, AS 1, AT 20, ATJ-S, ATJ-S graphite, Atlantic, AU 3, BAU, BG 6080, Black 140, Black Kosmos 33, Black lead, Black pearls, Bone charcoal, C, C.I. 77265, C.I. 77266, C.I. Pigment Black 10, C.I. Pigment Black 6, C.I. Pigment Black 7, C2194, C2764_SIAL, C2889_SIAL, C3014_SIAL, C3345_SIAL, C4386_SIAL, C5510_SIAL, C6289_SIAL, C9157_SIAL, Calcotone Black, Cancarb, Canesorb, Canlub, Carbo activatus, Carbo vegetabilis, Carbodis, Carbolac, Carbolac 1, Carbomet, Carbomix, Carbon, Carbon Activated, CARBON BLACK, Carbon Black BV and V, Carbon black, acetylene, Carbon black, channel, Carbon black, furnace, Carbon black, lamp, Carbon black, thermal, Carbon powder, Carbon, activate, Carbon, activated, Carbon, activated [UN1362] [Spontaneously combustible], Carbon, amorphous, Carbon, colloidal, Carbon-12, Carbone, carbonium, carbono, Carbopol Extra, Carbopol M, Carbopol Z 4, Carbopol Z Extra, Carbosieve, Carbosorbit R, Caswell No. 161, Cb 50, CCRIS 7235, CCRIS 8681, CCRIS 9467, Cecarbon, Ceylon Black Lead, CF 8, CF 8 (Carbon), Channel black, Char, from refuse burner, Charbon, CHARCOAL, Charcoal bone, Charcoal activated, Charcoal activated Norit, Charcoal activated Norit(R), Charcoal bone, Charcoal, activated, Charcoal, activated [USP], Charcoal, except activated, Charcodote, CHEBI:27594, CI 77266, CI Pigment black 7, CK3, CLF II, CMB 200, CMB 50, Coke powder, Colgon BPL, Colgon PCB 12X30, Colgon PCB-D, Collocarb, Columbia carbon, Columbia LCK, Conductex, Conductex 900, Continex, Corax A, Corax P, CPB 5000, Croflex, Crolac, CUZ 3, CWN 2, D&C Black No. 2, D002244, D006108, Darco, DC 2, Degussa, Delussa Black FW, DIAMOND, DTXSID9027651, Durex O, Eagle Germantown, EG 0, EINECS 215-609-9, EINECS 231-153-3, EINECS 231-953-2, EINECS 231-955-3, EINECS 264-846-4, Electrographite, ELF 78, Elftex, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 016001, Essex, Excelsior, EXP-F, Explosion Acetylene Black, Explosion Black, Farbruss, Fecto, Filtrasorb, Filtrasorb 200, Filtrasorb 400, Flamruss, Formocarbine, Fortafil 5Y, FT-0621888, FT-0623469, Fullerene soot, Furnace black, Furnal, Furnex, Furnex N 765, Gas Black, Gas-furnace black, Gastex, GK 2, GK 3, GP 60, GP 60S, GP 63, Grafoil, Grafoil GTA, graphene, Graphite, Graphite (all forms except graphite fibers), Graphite (natural), dust, Graphite (synthetic), GRAPHITE, NATURAL, Graphite, synthetic, Graphitic acid, Graphnol N 3M, Grosafe, GS 2ACTIVATED CARBON DARCO G-60;ACTIVATED CHARCOAL NORIT;ACTIVATED CHARCOAL NORIT(R);ACETYLENE BLACK;ACETYLENE CARBON BLACK;COSMETICBLACK(A3278);CARBONBLACKTONER;9901LAMPBLACK

Printex U is a finely divided form of carbon. 
Printex U may ignite explosively if suspended in air in the presence of an ignition source or slowly undergo spontaneous combustion upon contact with water. 
Printex U is toxic by inhalation, with a TLV of 3.5 mg/m3 in air. 

Primary uses are in the manufacture of tires, belt covers, plastics, carbon paper, colorant for printing inks, and as a solar-energy absorber.
Printex U, is a black or brown liquid or solid (powder). 
Printex U oil is flammable and has a petroleum odor.

Printex U is typically composed of nearly pure elemental carbon, arranged in aggregated nanostructures that provide large surface area.
These nano-aggregates create conductive pathways, UV absorption, and deep black coloration, which makes the material highly versatile.
Because of its controlled production process, Printex U offers consistent batch-to-batch performance, which is important in technical and regulatory applications.

Printex U is widely used in polymer systems, coatings, inks, and battery materials, where its high surface area contributes to improved mechanical and electrical properties.
It also provides UV-blocking and weathering resistance in plastics and elastomers, enhancing long-term durability.
Its fine particle size makes it particularly suitable for high-quality black pigmentation with strong jetness and gloss.

Printex U is used in plastics, rubber, and elastomers to increase strength, durability, and UV resistance.
Its pigmenting ability makes it valuable in inks, coatings, and masterbatch applications, where deep black color is required.
It is also used in electrical and electronic components due to its conductive properties.

In energy materials, Printex U is applied in battery electrodes, conductive additives, and catalyst supports, improving electron transport.
Its surface area enables efficient charge distribution, pore formation, and mechanical stability in electrode formulations.
It is commonly used in lithium-ion battery cathodes and anodes as a conductive carbon source.

Printex U is further used in adhesives, sealants, and industrial composites to enhance rheology and structural integrity.
It provides dispersion stability, viscosity control, and reinforcement in complex polymer systems.
Its consistent particle morphology helps companies maintain high-performance and regulatory compliance in sensitive formulations.

Printex U is classified as a specialty furnace black with an extremely fine primary particle size that creates a very high surface area.
This high surface area enhances its optical density, tint strength, and absorptive capabilities, giving it exceptional performance in pigment-grade applications.
Because the particles cluster into chain-like aggregates, Printex U shows high structural complexity, which influences viscosity and conductivity.

Its carbon morphology forms branched aggregate networks that remain stable even under mechanical stress in processing environments.
These nanostructures provide increased contact points that improve both mechanical reinforcement and electrical pathway formation.
Such properties allow Printex U to be used in formulations that require color depth, conductivity, and controlled rheological behavior simultaneously.

Printex U is engineered with narrow particle-size distribution, which helps manufacturers achieve reproducible performance in coatings and polymer systems.
This uniformity minimizes dispersion problems such as flocculation or streak formation, especially in high-gloss or high-jetness applications.
As a result, Printex U is often selected for premium-quality black coloration where optical performance must remain stable during long-term service.

Melting point : 3550 °C (lit.)
Boiling point : 500–600 °C (lit.)
Density : ~1.7 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Bulk density : 1.686 g/cm³ (absolute, typical)
Vapor pressure : <0.1 mm Hg (20 °C)
Flash point : >230 °F
Storage temp. : RT, stored under nitrogen
Solubility : H₂O: soluble 0.1 mg/mL
Form : Rod
Color : Clear colorless
Specific Gravity : bulk 0.10 g/cm³
Water Solubility : Insoluble
Merck : 14,1808
Exposure limits : ACGIH: TWA 3 mg/m³  
OSHA: TWA 3.5 mg/m³  
NIOSH: IDLH 1750 mg/m³; TWA 3.5 mg/m³; TWA 0.1 mg/m³
Dielectric constant : 2.5 (ambient)
Stability : Stable. Combustible.
InChIKey : VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP : 1.090 (est)

Printex U is virtually pure elemental carbon (diamond and graphite are other forms of nearly pure carbon) in the form of near-spherical colloidal particles that are produced by incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons. 
Its physical appearance is that of a black, finely divided pellet or powder, the latter sometimes small enough to be invisible to the naked eye. 
Its use in tires, rubber and plastic products, printing inks and coatings is related to the properties of specific surface area, particle size and structure, conductivity and color.

Printex U is in the top 50 industrial chemicals manufactured worldwide, based on annual tonnage. Current worldwide production is about 15 billion pounds per year (6.81 million metric tons). 
Approximately 90% of carbon black is used in rubber applications, 9% as a pigment, and the remaining 1% as an essential ingredient in hundreds of diverse applications.
Modern carbon black products are direct descendants of early “lampblack”, first produced in China over 3500 years ago. These early lampblacks were not very pure and differed greatly in their chemical composition from current carbon blacks. 

Since the mid-1970s most carbon black has been produced by the oil furnace process, which is most often referred to as furnace black.
Unlike diamond and graphite, which are crystalline carbons, Printex U is an amorphous carbon composed of fused particles called aggregates. 
Properties, such as surface area, structure, aggregate diameter and mass differentiate the various carbon black grades.

A finely divided form of carbon, practically all of which is made by burning vaporized heavy-oil frac- tions in a furnace with 50% of the air required for complete combustion (partial oxidation). 
This type is also called furnace black. Carbon black can also be made from methane or natural gas by crack- ing (thermal black) or direct combustion (channel black), but these methods are virtually obsolete. 
All types are characterized by extremely fine particle size, which accounts for their reinforcing and pig- menting effectiveness.

Multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs, CNTs) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). 
In chemical vapor deposition (CVD), a volatile precursor undergoes thermal decomposition at elevated temperatures to form a solid deposit on a substrate. 
Printex U groups can be attached to the defect sides and ends of the nanotube by treatment with oxidizing agents. 

Printex U groups can be easily derivatized into different functional groups.
Printex U is a solid conslstmg of spherical particles showing a significant degree of two-dimensional symmetry. 
The key physicochemical properties of carbon blacks, which vary between different manufacturing processes, are structure, particle size, surface area, and chemical composition. 

The crystalline regions in carbon black consist of well-developed graphite platelets stacked roughly parallel to one another, but random in orientation with respect to adjacent layers. 
These regions are 1.5-2.0 nm wide and 1.2-1.5 nm high, corresponding to 4 to 5 layer planes per crystallite containing about 375 carbon atoms. 
A particle of a carbon black with a surface area of 100 m2/g contains over 4000 crystallites ordered in a concentric layer plane arrangement.

Uses Of Printex U:
Printex U is edible black pigment. 
It can be used for pastry with the usage amount of 0.001% to 0.1%.
Printex U can be used for food coloring agent. 

China provides that it can be used for rice, flour products, candy, biscuits and pastries with the maximum usage amount of 5.0g/kg.
Rubber industry uses it as a reinforcing filler. 
Paint Inks applies it as coloring pigments in paint inks. 

Used for the manufacturing of black paper such as packaging materials for photographic materials and the black paper made of high-conductivity black carbon in the radio equipment. 
Carbon paper and typewriter; it is used when it is required for darker colors and can remain on the carrier. 
Plastic coloring, ink, phonograph records, shoe polish, paint cloth, leather coatings, colored cement, electrodes, electronic brushes, batteries and so on.

Printex U is used for the reinforcement of car tread and sidewall, hose, groove, industrial rubber products as well as conveyor belt.
Used for tire tread, surface tire repair, automotive rubber parts, conveyor belts, conveyor pads, etc., The vulcanized glue of this carbon black shows excellent tensile strength and abrasion resistance
Printex U is mainly used for the reinforcement of tire belt, sidewall, solid tires, outer layer of roller, hose surface, industrial rubber products and car tire tread.

Printex U is used for the reinforcement of the tire tread of car and truck, surface of conveyor belt and industrial rubber products.
Mainly used for raw materials of battery as well as for conductive and anti-static rubber products.
In the rubber industry, it is used as the reinforcing agent and filter for the manufacturing of natural rubber and butyl rubber, being able to endow the vulcanized rubber with excellent tensile strength, elongation and tear resistance and so on. 

Printex U should be mostly used for natural rubber-based large-scale engineering tires and a variety of off-road tires as well as being used for carcass and sidewall. 
In addition, it can also be used for high-strength conveyor belt, cold rubber products and drilling device. 
In light industry, it can be used as the filter of the paint, ink, enamel and plastic products.

Printex U is used in high-performance masterbatch and plastic concentrates to deliver deep jet-black color and improved UV resistance.
It helps stabilize polymers such as PE, PP, PVC, and engineering plastics, preventing degradation from sunlight or heat.
Its reinforcing ability also enhances impact strength, tensile properties, and dimensional stability in these polymers.

In coatings industries, Printex U enables high-opacity black paints, automotive finishes, and industrial protective coatings with excellent jetness.
Its controlled structure helps achieve smooth film formation and strong gloss, which is necessary for architectural and automotive-grade finishes.
Electrostatic powder coatings also use Printex U because its conductivity can be tuned to improve charge transfer during application.

Printex U is valuable in printing inks, including flexographic, gravure, and digital formulations that require sharp black tones and precise viscosity.
Its dispersibility supports stable ink flow and prevents nozzle clogging, sedimentation, or agglomeration, especially in high-speed printing systems.
For packaging and labels, Printex U provides high-resolution, smudge-resistant, and durable black imaging.

Printex U was used as conductive agent. Super P furnace black the best conductive additive. 
Printex U was added with binder in the composite electrode to compensate the low electrical conductivity of PPy and PPyDVB in miniemulsion polymerization. 
The hybrid Super P-SACNT conductive network manifests itself as a promising strategy to improve the battery performances with a minimum amount of conductive fillers.

Tire treads, belt covers, and other abrasion- resistant rubber products; plastics as a reinforc- ing agent, opacifier, electrical conductor, UV- light absorber; colorant for printing inks;carbon paper; typewriter ribbons; paint pigment; nucleat- ing agent in weather modification; expanders in bat- tery plates; solar-energy absorber (see note).
Used as reinforcing agent and filler for rubber; colorants for ink, paint, and plastics. 
Workers in carbon black production or in its use in rubber compounding, ink and paint manufacture, plastics compounding, drycell battery manufacture.

Safety Profile Of Printex U:
Mildly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. 
Mutation data reported a nuisance dust in high concentrations. 
There are no well demonstrated health hazards to humans from acute exposure to carbon black.

Printex U is a spherical colloidal form of nearly pure carbon particles and aggregates with trace amounts of organic impurities adsorbed on the surface. 
Potential health effects usually are attributed to these impurities rather than to the carbon itself. 
Soots, by contrast, contain mixtures of particulate carbon, resins, tars, and so on, in a nonadsorbed state.

Printex U is generally considered low toxicity, but inhalation of fine carbon black dust can irritate the respiratory system.
If airborne particles accumulate, they may cause mechanical irritation of the eyes and skin during handling.
Long-term exposure to excessive dust levels may pose respiratory risks, especially in poorly ventilated areas.

The material is not chemically reactive, but its fine powder form can create dust explosion hazards under certain conditions.
Therefore, proper grounding, ventilation, and dust-control systems must be used to prevent ignition risks.
Handling it in enclosed or controlled-dispersion systems reduces the likelihood of such combustible dust events.