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PROTECTOL GL = GLYOXAL = ETHANE-1,2-DIAL
CAS number: 107-22-2
EC number: 203-474-9
MDL Number: MFCD00006957
Molecular Formula: C2H2O2
Protectol GL is chemically 1,2-Ethanedial, also known as Glyoxal, and is rated as an active substance.
Protectol GL types are rated as an active substance under the ‘European Biocidal Products Regulation’.
Protectol GL is also known as Glyoxal.
Protectol GL is a clear, colourless liquid (approximately 40% active and approximately 60% water).
Protectol GL is miscible in all proportions with water and a range of polar organic solvents, such as methanol, ethanol and propanol.
Protectol GL can also be readily combined with Protectol GA.
The Protectol GL molecule contains a total of 5 bond(s) There are 3 non-H bond(s), 2 multiple bond(s), 1 rotatable bond(s), 2 double bond(s) and 2 aldehyde(s) (aliphatic).
The carbon atoms in the chemical structure of Protectol GL are implied to be located at the corner(s) and hydrogen atoms attached to carbon atoms are not indicated – each carbon atom is considered to be associated with enough hydrogen atoms to provide the carbon atom with four bonds.
A chemical, natural or artificial, that can affect the rate of growth of a plant.
Protectol GL has a melting point of about 15 °C.
Protectol GL is generally available as an aqueous solution (typically containing 30–50% glyoxal) in which hydrated oligomers are present.
Protectol GL appears as yellow crystals melting at 15°C.
Often encountered as a light yellow liquid with a weak sour odor.
Vapor has a green color and burns with a violet flame.
Protectol GL is the dialdehyde that is the smallest possible and which consists of ethane having oxo groups on both carbons.
Protectol GL is a natural product found in Sesamum indicum with data available.
Protectol GL is an organic compound with the chemical formula OCHCHO.
Protectol GL is the smallest dialdehyde (a compound with two aldehyde groups).
Protectol GL is a crystalline solid, white at low temperatures and yellow near the melting point (15 °C).
Protectol GL is not commonly encountered because glyoxal is usually handled as a 40% aqueous solution (density near 1.24 g/mL).
Protectol GL forms a series of hydrates, including oligomers.
Protectol GL is produced industrially as a precursor to many products.
Protectol GL may be synthesized in the laboratory by oxidation of acetaldehyde with selenious acid.
Protectol GL is prepared by heating solid glyoxal hydrate(s) with phosphorus pentoxide and condensing the vapors in a cold trap.
Protectol GL has been observed as a trace gas in the atmosphere, e.g. as an oxidation product of hydrocarbons.
Tropospheric concentrations of 0–200 ppt by volume have been reported, in polluted regions up to 1 ppb by volume.
Protectol GL (OHC–CHO) is a dialdehyde that can be obtained from several natural sources, such as from the oxidation of lipids or as a by-product of biological processes .
White transparent liquid, specific gravity 1.26.
Soluble in water, ether and ethanol.
The chemical properties are very active, and Protectol GL is easy to polymerize into a white resin-like solid.
Protectol GL is 40wt.% solution of glyoxal in water.
Protectol GL is a linear aliphatic dialdehyde containing two aldehyde groups.
Protectol GL participates in the synthesis of glyoxylic acid.
Protectol GL is highly reactive in nature.
Protectol GL can be prepared by oxidizing ethanol or acetaldehyde with nitric acid.
Protectol GL solution has been used as a crosslinking agent during the synthesis of DNA-containing nanoparticles in a study.
Protectol GL is a dialdehyde that can be obtained from several natural sources, such as from the oxidation of lipids or as a by-product of biological processes.
The dialdehyde that is the smallest possible and which consists of ethane having oxo groups on both carbons.
Protectol GL , also known as 1,2-ethanedione or oxalaldehyde, is a member of the class of compounds known as short-chain aldehydes.
Protectol GL is soluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa).
Protectol GL can be found in garden tomato (variety), ginger, and sesame, which makes glyoxal a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Protectol GL is an organic compound with the chemical formula OCHCHO.
Protectol GL is a yellow-colored liquid that evaporates to give a green-colored gas.
Glyoxal is the smallest dialdehyde (two aldehyde groups).
Protectol GL's structure is more complicated than typically represented because the molecule hydrates and oligomerizes.
USES and APPLICATIONS of PROTECTOL GL:
-Protectol GL is used for human hygiene purposes as well as for the disinfection of surfaces, materials, equipment and furniture and for veterinary hygiene purposes.
-Protectol GL is used in formulations of disinfectants for hard surfaces, animal husbandry, and sanitisers, usually in combination with other active ingredients.
-Protectol GL is used for hard surface cleaning, food service and kitchen hygiene, food and beverage processing, institutional cleaning and sanitation, as well as industrial cleaning.
-An agrochemical is a substance that is used in agriculture or horticulture.
-Protectol GL has a role as a pesticide, an agrochemical, an allergen and a plant growth regulator.
-Protectol GLis a valuable building block in organic synthesis, especially in the synthesis of heterocycles such as imidazoles.
-Protectol GL is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals and dyestuffs, as a cross-linking agent in the production of a range of different polymers, as a biocide, and as a disinfecting agent.
-Protectol GL is used as a solubilizer and cross-linking agent in polymer chemistry.
-A convenient form of the reagent for use in the laboratory is Protectol GL's bis(hemiacetal) with ethylene glycol, 1,4-dioxane-2,3-diol.
-Protectol GL can also be used as a fixative for histology, that is, a method of preserving cells for examining them under a microscope.
-Protectol GL condenses with urea to afford 4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazolidinone, which further reacts with formaldehyde to give the bis(hydroxymethyl) derivative dimethylol ethylene urea, which is used for wrinkle-resistant chemical treatments of clothing, i.e. permanent press.
-Protectol GL has been used as derivatizing reagent, in the precolumn fluorescence derivatization of N-terminal tryptophan containing peptides which can be separated via high performance liquid chromatography.
-Protectol GL can form acetals with compounds containing hydroxyl groups.
-Protectol GL may also be used in the synthesis of glyoxal bis(4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazones)solution, which can be used in the spectrophotometric determination of palladium in catalysts.
-In medicine, Protectol GL is mainly used for special cyclic imidazole drugs, such as flagyl, dimetridazole, imidazole, etc.
-Protectol GL is mainly used as raw materials for glyoxylic acid, M2D resin, imidazole and other products, as well as insoluble adhesives for gelatin, animal glue, cheese, polyvinyl alcohol and starch, etc., and artificial Shrinkage inhibitor for silk, etc.
-In recent years, with the rapid development of applications in medicine, textiles, and daily-use building materials, the use and dosage of Protectol GL have become more and more extensive.
-Coated paper and textile finishes use large amounts of Protectol GL as a crosslinker for starch-based formulations.
-In terms of intermediates, Protectol GL is mainly used as glyoxylic acid, D-p-hydroxyphenylglycine, allantoin, benzene Enzyme pharynx, berberine, etc.
-In light textile, Protectol GL is mainly used as garment finishing agent, 2D resin, M2D resin, etc.
-In paper industry, Protectol GL is mainly used as sizing agent to increase the wet strength of paper.
-In polymer chemistry, Protectol GL is a very effective cross-linking factor , used as a crosslinking agent.
-Protectol GL is produced industrially as a precursor to many products.
-In the construction industry, used as a cement curing agent to improve the solidification strength, used to treat landslides, prevent soil loss and prevent landslides.
-Protectol GL is widely employed in textile and paper industry.
PRODUCTION of PROTECTOL GL:
Protectol GL was first prepared and named by the German-British chemist Heinrich Debus (1824–1915) by reacting ethanol with nitric acid.
Commercial Protectol GL is prepared either by the gas-phase oxidation of ethylene glycol in the presence of a silver or copper catalyst (the Laporte process) or by the liquid-phase oxidation of acetaldehyde with nitric acid.
The first commercial glyoxal source was in Lamotte, France, started in 1960.
The single largest commercial source is BASF in Ludwigshafen, Germany, at around 60,000 tons per year.
Other production sites exist also in the US and China.
Commercial bulk glyoxal is made and reported as a 40% solution in water by weight(approx. 1:5 molar ratio of glyoxal to water).
SPECIATION in SOLUTION of PROTECTOL GL:
Protectol GL is supplied typically as a 40% aqueous solution.
Like other small aldehydes, glyoxal forms hydrates.
The hydrates condense to give a series of oligomers, some of which remain of uncertain structure.
For most applications, the exact nature of the species in solution is inconsequential.
At least one hydrate of Protectol GL is sold commercially, glyoxal trimer dihydrate: [(CHO)2]3(H2O)2 (CAS 4405-13-4).
Other Protectol GL equivalents are available, such as the ethylene glycol hemiacetal 1,4-dioxane-trans-2,3-diol (CAS 4845-50-5, m.p. 91–95 °C).
It is estimated that, at concentrations less than 1 M, Protectol GL exists predominantly as the monomer or hydrates thereof, i.e., OCHCHO, OCHCH(OH)2, or (HO)2CHCH(OH)2.
At concentrations above 1 M, dimers predominate.
These dimers are probably dioxolanes, with the formula [(HO)CH]2O2CHCHO.
Dimer and trimers precipitate as solids from cold solutions.
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of PROTECTOL GL:
Molecular Weight: 58.04
Vapor density: >1 (vs air)
Quality Level: 200
Vapor pressure: 18 mmHg ( 20 °C)
Form: liquid
Autoignition temp.: 545 °F
Concentration: 40 wt. % in H2O
Refractive index: n20/D 1.4087
Solubility water: soluble(lit.)
Density: 1.265 g/mL at 25 °C
SMILES string: [H]C(=O)C([H])=O
Appearance Form: clear, liquid
Colour: colourless
Odour: No data available
Odour: Threshold No data available
pH: No data available
Melting point/freezing point: No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range: No data available
Flash point: No data available
Evaporation rate: No data available
Flammability (solid, gas): No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: No data available
Vapour pressure: No data available
Vapour density: No data available
Relative density: 1,270 g/cm3
∆cH° gas: -860.90 ± 0.75 kJ/mol
EA: 0.62 ± 0.26 eV
∆fG°: -233.08 kJ/mol
∆fH° gas: -212.00 ± 0.79 kJ/mol
∆fusH°: 5.51 kJ/mol
∆vapH°: 33.49 kJ/mol
IE: 10.60 ± 0.05 eV
logPoct/wat: -0.616
Pc: 6278.87 kPa
Tboil: 323.60 K
Tc: 525.76 K
Tfus: 196.30 K
Vc: 0.181: m3/kg-mol
FIRST AID MEASURES of PROTECTOL GL:
-Description of first aid measures
*General advice:
Consult a physician.
*If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
Consult a physician.
*In case of skin contact:
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
*In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.
Consult a physician.
*If swallowed:
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of PROTECTOL GL:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of PROTECTOL GL:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
-Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
-Further information:
No data available
EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of PROTECTOL GL:
-Control parameters:
*Components with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
*Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
*Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Splash contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0,11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
-Control of environmental exposure:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
HANDLING and STORAGE of PROTECTOL GL:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Store in cool place.
-Specific end use(s):
No other specific uses are stipulated
STABILITY and REACTIVITY of PROTECTOL GL:
-Reactivity: No data available
-Chemical stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions.
SYNONYMS:
1,2-Ethanedione
Diformal
ethandial
Ethanedial
Ethanedione
Glyfosfin
Glyoxal
Oxalaldehyde
Acetal
Biformal
Biformyl
DIFORMYL
EDO
ethane-1,2-dial
ethane-1,2-dione
Gelifundol
Glyoxalmissing
Glyoxylaldehyde
GXT
ODIX
oxal
Oxaldehyde
STR01281
trans-glyoxal
Biformyl
Diformyl
ethane-1,2-dial
Ethanedial
glyoxal UniProt
glyoxal aldehyde
glyoxylaldehyde
oxal
Oxalaldehyde
