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PVP K 85

PVP K 85

CAS No. : 9003-39-8
EC No. : 618-363-4

Synonyms:
pvpk85; k 85; PVP K-85; Vinylpyrrolidone; vinylacetate copolymer; vinyls; PVP, Povidone; PVPP, Crospovidone, Polyvidone; PNVP; Poly[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)ethylen]; 1-Ethenyl-2-pyrrolidon homopolymer; 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinon-Polymere polyvinylpyrrolidone and vinylpyrrolidone copolymers (PVP); Polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate; Polivinilpirolidon Vinil Asetat; vinilpirolidon-vinil asetat polimer; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidinone polymer; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer; Vinylpyrrolidinone-vinyl acetate polymer; Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer; N-Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate polymer; Vinyl acetate-N-vinylpyrrolidone polymer; Vinyl acetate-N-vinylpyrrolidinone polymer; Vinyl acetate-N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidinone copolymer; Vinylpyrrolidinone-vinyl acetate copolymer; Vinyl acetate-N-vinylpyrrolidinone copolymer; 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer; 2-Pyrrolidinone, polymer with ethenyl acetate; Vinyl acetate-1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone polymer; Vinyl acetate-N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone copolymer; Vinyl acetate-N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone copolymer; Ethenyl acetate, polymer with 1-ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone; vinylpyrrolidone vinyl acetate; N-vinylpyrrolidone vinyl acetate; 1-vinylpyrrolidone; Luviskol VA 37 I; Luviskol VA 55 I; Luviskol VA 64 W ; Luviskol VA 73 W ; Luviskol VA 73 E ethenyl acetate;1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one; copovidone; Kollidon VA64; poly(V-co-V-Ac); poly(vinyl pyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate); poli(vinil pirolidon-ko-vinil asetat); poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl-acetate); poli(vinilpirolidon-ko-vinil-asetat); Poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-Vinyl Acetate); 25086-89-9; PVP/K Copolymer; Polectron 845; Luviskol VA 28I; Luviskol VA 37E; Kolima 10; Kolima 35; Luviskol VA 281; Gantron S 860; Luviskol VA 28 I; Luviskol VA 37 E; PVP-VA; ethenyl acetate- 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one(1:1); Acetic acid vinyl ester, polymer with 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone; Acetic acid ethenyl ester, polymer with 1-ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidone polymer; vinil asetat-vinilpirolidon polimer; Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate polymer; vinilpirolidon-vinil asetat polimer; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidinone polymer; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer; Vinylpyrrolidinone-vinyl acetate polymer; PVP K-85; Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer; vinylpyrrolidone vinyl acetate; N-vinylpyrrolidone vinyl acetate; 1-vinylpyrrolidone vinyl acetate; 1-vinil pirolidon vinil asetat; acetic acid ethenyl ester, polymer with 1-ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone; ethenyl acetate;1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one; poly(1-vinyl pyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate); VP/VA COPOLYMER, 1-ETHENYL-2-PYRROLIDINONE, POLYMER WITH ACETIC ACID ETHENYL ESTER; Polectron 845; Luviskol VA 28I; Luviskol VA 37E; Luviskol VA 64; Kolima 10; Kolima 35; Gantron S 860; Poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-Vinyl Acetate); PVP-VA; Ganex E 535; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidone polymer; Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate polymer; Luviskol VA 281; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidinone polymer; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer; Vinylpyrrolidinone-vinyl acetate polymer; Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer; Luviskol VA 28 I; Luviskol VA 37 E; N-Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate polymer; Vinyl acetate-N-vinylpyrrolidone polymer; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidinone copolymer; Vinylpyrrolidinone-vinyl acetate copolymer; Vinyl acetate-N-vinylpyrrolidinone polymer; Vinyl acetate-N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer; Acetic acid vinyl ester, polymer with 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone; Acetic acid ethenyl ester, polymer with 1-ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone; poli(vinil pirolidon-ko-vinil asetat); poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl-acetate); poli(vinilpirolidon-ko-vinil-asetat); PVP VA64; PVP-VA; Poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-Vinyl Acetate); Polectron 845; Luviskol VA 28I; Luviskol VA 37E; Luviskol VA 64; Kolima 10; Kolima 35; Luviskol VA 281; Gantron S 860; Luviskol VA 28 I; Luviskol VA 37 E; PVP-VA; ethenyl acetate- 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one(1:1); Acetic acid vinyl ester, polymer with 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone; Acetic acid ethenyl ester, polymer with 1-ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidone polymer; vinil asetat-vinilpirolidon polimer; Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate polymer ;vinilpirolidon-vinil asetat polimer; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidinone polymer; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer; Vinylpyrrolidinone-vinyl acetate polymer; Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer; N-Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate polymer; Vinyl acetate-N-vinylpyrrolidone polymer ;Vinyl acetate-N-vinylpyrrolidinone polymer ;Vinyl acetate-N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer; PVP K-85; Vinyl acetate-vinylpyrrolidinone copolymer; Vinylpyrrolidinone-vinyl acetate copolymer; Vinyl acetate-N-vinylpyrrolidinone copolymer; 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer; 2-Pyrrolidinone, polymer with ethenyl acetate; Vinyl acetate-1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone polymer; Vinyl acetate-N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone copolymer; 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one; copovidone; Kollidon VA64; poly(V-co-V-Ac); poly(vinyl pyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate); poli(vinil pirolidon-ko-vinil asetat); poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl-acetate); poli(vinilpirolidon-ko-vinil-asetat); Poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-Vinyl Acetate); 25086-89-9; PVP/VA Copolymer; Polectron 845; Luviskol VA 28I; Luviskol VA 37E; Luviskol VA 64; Kolima 10; Kolima 35


PVP K 85

PVP K 85 Solution is a hygroscopic, amorphous polymer supplied as a clear aqueous solution. It can be plasticized with water and most common organic plasticizers. It is considered to be physiologically inert. This product is cross-linkable to a water insoluble, swellable material either in the course of vinylpyrrolidone polymerization, by addition of an appropriate multifunctional comonomer or by post-reaction, typically through hydrogen abstraction chemistry. PVP products are recommended for dishwashing, fabric care, household cleaning, and industrial and institutional cleaning applications.

Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K 85). It is in form of aqueous solution. It is linear, random and is produced by the free-radical polymerization. It is hygroscopic and amorphous. It has high polarity, dispersany, adhesion and cohesion. It forms hard, glossy and oxygen permeable film. It is soluble in water and polar solvents. Insoluble in esters, ethers, ketones and hydrocarbons. Suitable for digital ink-jet printing.


PVP K 85 100% Powder is soluble in water and many organic solvents and it forms hard, transparent, glossy film. PVP is compatible with most inorganic salts and many resins. PVP stabilizes emulsions, dispersions and suspensions. While PVP is used as a film former in hair styling products, PVP can also be used as an emulsion stabilizer in creams and lotions and as a dispersant for hair colorants. Additionally, pharmaceutical grade PVP can be used in toothpastes and mouthwashes. PVP K 85 100% Powder appears as a white powder.
PVP (Polyvinylpyrrolidone) K-85 polymer is a hygroscopic, amorphous polymer. They are linear nonionic polymers that are soluble in water and organic solvents and are pH stable. PVP K 85 forms hard glossy transparent films and have adhesive, cohesive and dispersive properties.

Key Attributes of PVP K 85
 Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) can be plasticized with water and most common organic plasticizers. It is considered to be physiologically inert. Applications take advantage of one or more properties inherent in the polymer, typically due to the pyrrolidone ring.
 High polarity and the resultant propensity to form complexes with hydrogen donors, such as phenols and carboxylic acids, as well as anionic dyes and inorganic salts.
 Dispersancy, where components in a mixture are uniformly distributed through the use of polyvinylpyrrolidone.
 Hydrophilicity, where the water solubility of PVP is its dominant feature and frequently a factor along with other properties valuable to numerous applications.
 Adhesion, taking advantage of the molecular weight PVP formulating in aqueous media, then evaporating sufficient water to generate a solid product for the desired application.
 Cohesivity, where cohesive strength is achieved through a variety of dry blending and granulation techniques.

Applications and Usage Notes
 Adhesives – pressure-sensitive and water-remoistenable types of adhesives, food packaging (indirect food contact), metal adhesives, abrasives, sandcore binder, rubber to metal adhesives and glue sticks.
 Ceramics – binder in high temperature fire prepared products such as clay, pottery, porcelain, brick product, dispersant for ceramic media slurries and viscosity modifier.
 Glass and Glass Fibers – acts as a binder, lubricant and coating agent.
 Coatings/lnks – digital printing coating, ball-point inks, protective colloid and leveling agent for emulsion polymers/ coatings/ printing inks, pigment dispersant, water-colors for commercial art, temporary protective coatings, paper coatings, waxes and polishes.
 Electronic Applications – storage batteries, printed circuits, cathode ray tubes, binder for metal salts or amalgams in batteries, gold, nickel, copper and zinc plating, a thickener for solar gel ponds and as an adhesive to prevent leakage of batteries, serves as an expander in cadmium-type electrodes, binder in sintered-nickel powder plates.
 Lithography and Photography – foil emulsions, etch coatings, plate storage, gumming of litho- graphic plates, dampener roll solutions, photo and laser imaging processes, microencapsulation, thermal recording, carrier, finisher preserver of lithographic plates, thermal transfer recording ribbons and optical recording discs.
 Fibers and Textiles – synthetic fibers, dyeing and printing, fugitive tinting, dye stripping and dispersant, scouring, delustering, sizing and finishing, greaseproofing aid, soil release agent. Widely used as dye dispersant and to disperse titanium dioxide.
 Membranes – macroporous, multiporous, desalination, gas separating, liquid ultrafiltration, hemodialysis, selective permeability types of membranes, hollow fiber membranes.
 Metallurgy – processing for both ferrous and non ferrous metals, coating ingredient to aid or remove material from metal surfaces such as copper, nickel, zinc and aluminum.
 Paper – inorganic papers, cellulose papers, rag stock, rag stripping, coloring and beating operations, copying paper, printing paper and electric insulating papers, paper adhesives.
 Polymerizations – acrylic monomers, unsaturated polyesters, olefins, including PVC, styrene beads, substrate for graft polymerization, template in acrylic polymerization.
 Water and Waste Treatment, and Hygiene – clogging of reverse osmosis membranes, water treatment in fish hatchery ponds, removal of oil, dyes from waste water and waste water clarifier in papermaking, in deodorants for neutralization of irritant and poisonous gas, in air conditioning filters.


Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K 85) resins are linear, random copolymers produced by the free-radical polymerization of the monomers in ratios varying from 70/85 to 85/70 vinyl acetate to vinylpyrrolidone.
PVP K 85 copolymers are available as white powders or clear solutions in ethanol, isopropanol and water. Polymers in the four ranges of vinylpyrrolidone content (85, 50, 60 and 70 percent), are produced in ethanol or isopropanol. The PVP K 85 copolymers with 60 and 70 percent vinylpyrrolidone content are available as solids or as 50 percent aqueous solutions.

What is PVP K 85 Copolymer?
PVP K 85 Copolymer is the ingredient found in most mainstream hair care products that provides the hold factor. So it is very common in most Hairsprays but also found in gel's, wax's, pomades and styling creams. It is a synthetic ingredient that is derived from petroleum.
PVP (also known as Polyvinylpyrrolidone) was the main ingredient in the first really successful hairsprays in the early 1950s. This polymer worked as a hairspray because it was soluble in water. This meant it could be rinsed out when you wash your hair. PVP tended to absorb water out of the air, giving hair that tacky look that was so common in the sixties.
This was fixed with the help of another polymer, a silicone called polydimethylsiloxane. To understand how this silicone made a better hairspray, it helps to understand how the hairspray works in the first place. When you spray it on, the polyvinylpyrrolidone forms a thin coating on the hair. This coating is stiff and keeps the hair from moving around. 

Here at we do not use this ingredient in ANY of our products and especially not in our Hairspray. Our Grapefruit and Lemon Grass Hairspray is not only kind to you but is also kind to the environment by not having an aerosol and instead having an environmentally friendly trigger spray. This beautiful product contains a natural UV protector and hold factor which means no petro-chemicals, plastics or polymers. This gentle formula also means no more eye and scalp irritations.
Ashland offers formulators a series of vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymers. Members of the PVP K 85 copolymer series serve as primary film formers in a variety of products demanding different degrees of water resistance. These copolymers feature specific affinity for hair, skin and smooth surfaces such as wood, glass, paper, and metal, yet do not require solvents for removal.

The advantages of using PVP K 85 copolymers as film formers are:
• film flexibility
• good adhesion
• water remoistenability
• hardness

These properties make PVP K 85 copolymers suitable for a variety of industrial, personal care, and pharmaceutical products. The major industrial applications are in hot melt adhesives, photoresist binders and coatings for inkjet media paper, plastic film and other substrates.
• Linear, random copolymers
• Increasing vinyl acetate content - increasing hydrophobicity, decreasing hygroscopicity, decreasing Tg
• Hydrophilic, transparent, flexible thermoplastic, oxygen permeable films which adhere to glass, plastics and metals
• Soluble in alcohols, esters, and ketones, insoluble in ethers and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Soluble in water when VP content greater than 50%
• Adhesive and cohesive properties
• E = ethanol (EtOH), I = isopropanol, W = water, S = solid

The PVP K 85 E and I copolymer Series
To fit many application areas, the E and I series of PVP K 85 copolymers are available as 50% solutions in ethanol and in isopropanol2, respectively. There are four distinct copolymers in the E group: E- 335, E-535, E-635, E-735, and three in the I group: 1-335, 1-535, 1-735. Each differs in monomer ratio and, therefore, in properties - water sensitivity, viscosity, softening point, etc.
This affords formulators considerable flexibility in creating new products for specific applications. The transparent films formed by all of these copolymers are characterized by adhesion, luster, hardness and water rewettability. Good compatibility with many modifiers and plasticizers permits wide freedom in formulation and broadens the range of hygroscopicity, film flexibility, and abrasion resistance. Unmodified copolymers having the lower ratios of vinylpyrrolidone to vinyl acetate exhibit more moisture resistance than products with high ratios.


The PVP K 85 copolymer
PVP K 85 copolymer, a white, odorless powder, is also available at a 60/40 VP/VA weight ratio. It is a high molecular weight, solvent and water soluble copolymer exhibiting a minimum critical solution temperature of approximately 70°C. Films cast from solutions are glossy, translucent and rewettable by water.

The PVP K 85 W copolymers 
PVP K 85 copolymer is a 70/85 copolymer of PVP and vinyl acetate supplied as a 50% solution in water. PVP K 85 
W-635 copolymer is a 60/40 copolymer also supplied as a 50% aqueous solution.
VA (vinyl acetate) is a more hydrophobic molecule than VP (vinylpyrrolidone). Thus increasing VA content of the copolymer causes an increase in hydrophobicity and consequently a decrease in water solubility and hygroscopicity relative to the VP homopolymer.
Plasticizers and Polymers: Most PVP K 85 copolymers are compatible with a variety of nonionic and cationic polymers. Compatibility with anionic copolymers can be achieved through neutralization prior to mixing.
Hygroscopicity of Films: The inherent water sensitivity of PVP/ VA copolymer films varies with the monomer ratio. Typical data are shown below for PVP K 85 E-735 copolymer, PVP K 85 E-535 copolymer and PVP K 85 E- 335 copolymer. In general, PVP K 85 copolymer is less hygroscopic than PVP.
PVP K 85 copolymers are widely used for their excellent film forming properties in the following applications and markets:
In hot melt adhesives, PVP K 85 copolymers are used in a variety of water remoistenable or water removable adhesives as listed
below. Here they offer the formulators performance advantages in film flexibility, adhesiveness and water remoistenability.
PVP K 85 copolymers are also used in coatings for ink-jet media including paper, plastic films and other substrates to enhance dye receptivity. PVP K 85 copolymer is used as a binder to allow the aqueous processing of photoresists.

Storage and handling
PVP K 85 copolymers are stable for at least one year under normal conditions of storage but strict precautions should be taken to avoid moisture pickup. The E and I series have flash points in the range of 50-55°F (10-13°C) and are classified as flammable (DOT Flammable) materials. For safety reasons and to prevent moisture pickup due to drum breathing with changes in temperature, store in a dry place below 100°F (38°C) and repack or use in explosion- proof facilities.
PVP K 85 polymers produce transparent, flexible, oxygen permeable films which adhere to glass, plastics and metals.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate (PVP K 85 ) resins are linear, random copolymers produced by the free-radical polymerization of the monomers in ratios varying from 70/85 to 85/70 vinyl acetate to vinylpyrrolidone.
PVP K 85 copolymers are available as white powders or clear solutions in ethanol, isopropanol and water. Polymers in the four ranges of vinylpyrrolidone content (85, 50, 60 and 70 percent), are produced in ethanol or isopropanol. The PVP K 85 copolymers with 60 and 70 percent vinylpyrrolidone content are available as solids or as 50 percent aqueous solutions.

The PVP K 85 E- and I-series
To fit more application areas, the E- and I-series of PVP K 85 copolymers are available as 50% solutions in ethanol and in isopropanol**, respectively. There are four distinct copolymers in the E group: E-335, E-535, E-635, E-735, and three in the I group: I-335, I-535, I-735. Each differs in monomer ratio, and therefore in properties - water sensitivity, viscosity, softening point, etc. This affords formulators considerable flexibility in creating new products for specific applications. The transparent films formed by all of these copolymers are characterized by adhesion, luster, hardness and water rewettability. Good compatibility with many modifiers and plasticizers permits wide freedom in formulation and broadens the range of hygroscopicity, film flexibility and abrasion resistance. Unmodified copolymers having the lower ratios of vinylpyrrolidone to vinyl acetate exhibit more moisture resistance than products with high ratios of VP to VA.

The PVP K 85 W copolymers
PVP K 85 is a 70/85 copolymer of PVP and vinyl acetate supplied as a 50% solution in water. PVP K 85 W-635 is a 60/40 copolymer also supplied as a 50% aqueous solution. They are ideal nonionic fixative resins for alcohol-free mousses and gels. They offer formulators outstanding curl and style retention properties without build-up, flaking or dulling of hair.
Plasticizers and polymers: Most PVP K 85 copolymers are compatible with a variety of nonionic and cationic polymers. Compatibility with anionic copolymers can be achieved through neutralization prior to mixing.
Hygroscopicity of films: The inherent water sensitivity of PVP/ VA copolymer films varies with the monomer ratio. Typical data are shown below for PVP K 85, PVP K 85 E-535 and PVP K 85 E-335. In general, PVP K 85 is less hygroscopic than PVP.

Abstract
In this study, the influence of copolymer composition on drug-polymer solubility was investigated. The solubility of the model drug celecoxib (CCX) in various polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate (PVP K 85 ) copolymer compositions (70/85, 60/40, 50/50 and 85/70 w/w) and the pure homopolymers polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyvinyl acetate (PVA) was predicted at 25 °C using a thermal analysis method based on the recrystallization of a supersaturated amorphous dispersion (recrystallization method). These solubilities were compared with a prediction based on the solubility of CCX in the liquid monomeric precursors of PVP K 85 , N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) and vinyl acetate (VA), using the Flory-Huggins lattice theory (liquid monomer solubility approach).
The solubilities predicted from the liquid monomer solubility approach increased linearly with increasing VP/VA ratio from 0.03-0.60 w/w. Even though the solubilities predicted from the recrystallization method also increased with increasing VP/VA ratio from 0.02-0.40 w/w, the predicted solubility seemed to approach a plateau at high VP/VA ratios.

Increasing positive deviations from the Gordon-Taylor equation with increasing VP/VA ratio indicated strong interactions between CCX and the VP repeat unit, which was in accordance with the relatively high solubilities predicted using both methods.
As the solubility plateau may be a consequence of steric hindrance caused by the size differences between CCX and the VP repeat units, it is likely that a CCX molecule interacting with a VP repeat unit hinders another CCX molecule from binding to the neighboring repeat units in the polymer chain.
Therefore, it is possible that replacing these neighboring hygroscopic VP repeat units with hydrophobic VA repeat units, could increase the physical stability of an amorphous solid dispersion without compromising the drug-polymer solubility. This knowledge could be used advantageously in future development of amorphous drug delivery systems as copolymers could be customized to provide optimal drug-polymer solubility and physical stability.
PVP/VA Copolymer. PVP K 85 acts as a film forming agent. It forms transparent, flexible and oxygen permeable films which adhere to glass, plastic and metal. It offers strong & stiff hold, enhanced high humidity curl retention and good propellant compatibility. PVP K 85 finds application in formulating alcohol-free and hair care products like hairsprays, colorants, mousses, gels, styling lotions/creams and novelty stylers. It is a 50% solution of linear and random polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate (PVP/VA) copolymer in water. It is produced by the free-radical polymerization of monomers in the ratio of 60/40 (VP/VA).
PVP K 85 thermoplastic, linear, random vinylpyrrolidone/vinylacetate copolymer. PVP K 85 used in industrial, specialty and imaging coatings, printing inks and paints. PVP K 85 provides transparency, flexibility, oxygen permeability and adhesion to glass, plastics and metals.


PVP K 85 is produced industrially by vinylation of 2-pyrrolidone, i.e. the base-catalyzed reaction with acetylene.[2] PVP K 85 is the precursor to polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), an important synthetic material. The PVP K 85 monomer is commonly used as a reactive diluent in ultraviolet and electron-beam curable polymers applied as inks, coatings or adhesives.[2] Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), also commonly called polyvidone or povidone, is a water-soluble polymer made from the monomer N-vinylpyrrolidone.

PVP K 85 Copolymer is the ingredient found in most mainstream hair care products that provides the hold factor. So it is very common in most Hairsprays but also found in gel's, wax's, pomades and styling creams. It is a synthetic ingredient that is derived from petroleum.
PVP K 85 (also known as Polyvinylpyrrolidone) was the main ingredient in the first really successful hairsprays in the early 1950s. This polymer worked as a hairspray because it was soluble in water. This meant it could be rinsed out when you wash your hair. PVP K 85 tended to absorb water out of the air, giving hair that tacky look that was so common in the sixties.

This was fixed with the help of another polymer, a silicone called polydimethylsiloxane. To understand how this silicone made a better hairspray, it helps to understand how the hairspray works in the first place. When you spray it on, the polyvinylpyrrolidone forms a thin coating on the hair. This coating is stiff and keeps the hair from moving around. (See image below)
Unfortunately no one was aware of the dangers that came with this Polymer. If particles of PVP K 85 Copolymer are inhaled, it can cause damage to the lungs in sensitive individuals. It can be considered toxic, since particles may contribute to foreign bodies in the lungs of people. Up until a few years ago, this ingredient was considered safe to use however now it is definitely an ingredient that is better to avoid.

The PVP K 85 E and I copolymer Series
To fit many application areas, the E and I series of PVP K 85 copolymers are available as 50% solutions in ethanol and in isopropanol2, respectively. There are four distinct copolymers in the E group: E- 335, E-535, E-735, E-735, and three in the I group: 1-335, 1-535, 1-735. Each differs in monomer ratio and, therefore, in properties - water sensitivity, viscosity, softening point, etc.
This affords formulators considerable flexibility in creating new products for specific applications. The transparent films formed by all of these copolymers are characterized by adhesion, luster, hardness and water rewettability. Good compatibility with many modifiers and plasticizers permits wide freedom in formulation and broadens the range of hygroscopicity, film flexibility, and abrasion resistance. Unmodified copolymers having the lower ratios of vinylpyrrolidone to vinyl acetate exhibit more moisture resistance than products with high ratios.

Storage and handling
PVP K 85 copolymers are stable for at least one year under normal conditions of storage but strict precautions should be taken to avoid moisture pickup. The E and I series have flash points in the range of 50-55°F (10-13°C) and are classified as flammable (DOT Flammable) materials. For safety reasons and to prevent moisture pickup due to drum breathing with changes in temperature, store in a dry place below 100°F (38°C) and repack or use in explosion- proof facilities.

PVP K 85 polymers produce transparent, flexible, oxygen permeable films which adhere to glass, plastics and metals.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate (PVP K 85 ) resins are linear, random copolymers produced by the free-radical polymerization of the monomers in ratios varying from 70/85 to 85/70 vinyl acetate to vinylpyrrolidone.
PVP K 85 copolymers are available as white powders or clear solutions in ethanol, isopropanol and water. Polymers in the four ranges of vinylpyrrolidone content (85, 50, 60 and 70 percent), are produced in ethanol or isopropanol. The PVP K 85 copolymers with 60 and 70 percent vinylpyrrolidone content are available as solids or as 50 percent aqueous solutions.

The PVP K 85 W copolymers
PVP K 85 is a 70/85 copolymer of PVP K 85 and vinyl acetate supplied as a 50% solution in water. PVP K 85 is a 60/40 copolymer also supplied as a 50% aqueous solution. They are ideal nonionic fixative resins for alcohol-free mousses and gels. They offer formulators outstanding curl and style retention properties without build-up, flaking or dulling of hair.
Plasticizers and polymers: Most PVP K 85 copolymers are compatible with a variety of nonionic and cationic polymers. Compatibility with anionic copolymers can be achieved through neutralization prior to mixing.


USES
Medical
PVP K 85 was used as a plasma volume expander for trauma victims after the 1950s.It is not preferred as volume expander due to its ability to provoke histamine release and also interfere with blood grouping.
PVP K 85 is used as a binder in many pharmaceutical tablets;[2] it simply passes through the body when taken orally. (However, autopsies have found that crospovidone (PVPP) contributes to pulmonary vascular injury in substance abusers who have injected pharmaceutical tablets intended for oral consumption.[3] The long-term effects of crospovidone or povidone within the lung are unknown.)

PVP K 85 added to iodine forms a complex called povidone-iodine that possesses disinfectant properties.[4] This complex is used in various products like solutions, ointment, pessaries, liquid soaps and surgical scrubs. It is known under the trade names Pyodine and Betadine, among a plethora of others.
PVP K 85 is used in pleurodesis (fusion of the pleura because of incessant pleural effusions). For this purpose, povidone iodine is equally effective and safe as talc, and may be preferred because of easy availability and low cost.[5]
PVP K 85 is used in some contact lenses and their packaging solutions. It reduces friction, thus acting as a lubricant, or wetting agent, built into the lens.

Technical
PVP K 85 is used in as an adhesive in glue stick and hot-melt adhesives
PVP K 85 is used in as a special additive for batteries, ceramics, fiberglass, inks, and inkjet paper, and in the chemical-mechanical planarization process
PVP K 85 is used in as an emulsifier and disintegrant for solution polymerization
PVP K 85 is used in increase resolution in photoresists for cathode ray tubes (CRT)[9]
PVP K 85 is used in aqueous metal quenching
for production of membranes, such as dialysis and water purification filters
PVP K 85 is used in as a binder and complexation agent in agricultural applications such as crop protection, seed treatment and coating
PVP K 85 is used in as a thickening agent in tooth whitening gels[10]
PVP K 85 is used in as an aid for increasing the solubility of drugs in liquid and semi-liquid dosage forms (syrups, soft gelatine capsules) and as an inhibitor of recrystallisation
PVP K 85 is used in as an additive to Doro's RNA extraction buffer[citation needed]
PVP K 85 is used in as a liquid-phase dispersion enhancing agent in DOSY NMR [11]
PVP K 85 is used in as a surfactant, reducing agent, shape controlling agent and dispersant in nanoparticle synthesis and their self-assembly[12]
PVP K 85 is used in as a stabilizing agent in all inorganic solar cells[13]

Other uses
PVP K 85 binds to polar molecules exceptionally well, owing to its polarity. This has led to its application in coatings for photo-quality ink-jet papers and transparencies, as well as in inks for inkjet printers.
PVP K 85 is also used in personal care products, such as shampoos and toothpastes, in paints, and adhesives that must be moistened, such as old-style postage stamps and envelopes. It has also been used in contact lens solutions and in steel-quenching solutions.[14][15] PVP K 85 is the basis of the early formulas for hair sprays and hair gels, and still continues to be a component of some.
As a food additive, PVP K 85 is a stabilizer and has E number E1201. PVPP (crospovidone) is E1202. It is also used in the wine industry as a fining agent for white wine and some beers.

In molecular biology, PVP K 85 can be used as a blocking agent during Southern blot analysis as a component of Denhardt's buffer. It is also exceptionally good at absorbing polyphenols during DNA purification. Polyphenols are common in many plant tissues and can deactivate proteins if not removed and therefore inhibit many downstream reactions like PCR.
In microscopy, PVP K 85 is useful for making an aqueous mounting medium.[16]
PVP K 85 can be used to screen for phenolic properties, as referenced in a 2000 study on the effect of plant extracts on insulin production.[17]


Safety of PVP K 85
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved this chemical for many uses,[18] and it is generally considered safe. However, there have been documented cases of allergic reactions to PVP/povidone, particularly regarding subcutaneous (applied under the skin) use and situations where the PVP K 85 has come in contact with autologous serum (internal blood fluids) and mucous membranes. For example, a boy having an anaphylactic response after application of PVP-Iodine for treatment of impetigo was found to be allergic to the PVP K 85 component of the solution.[19] A woman, who had previously experienced urticaria (hives) from various hair products, later found to contain PVP, had an anaphylactic response after povidone-iodine solution was applied internally. She was found to be allergic to PVP.[20] In another case, a man experiencing anaphylaxis after taking acetaminophen tablets orally was found to be allergic to PVP.[21]
Povidone is commonly used in conjunction with other chemicals. Some of these, such as iodine, are blamed for allergic responses, although testing results in some patients show no signs of allergy to the suspect chemical. Allergies attributed to these other chemicals may possibly be caused by the PVP K 85 instead.

Properties of PVP K 85 
PVP K 85 is soluble in water and other polar solvents. For example, it is soluble in various alcohols, such as methanol and ethanol,[24] as well as in more exotic solvents like the deep eutectic solvent formed by choline chloride and urea (Relin).[25] When dry it is a light flaky hygroscopic powder, readily absorbing up to 40% of its weight in atmospheric water. In solution, it has excellent wetting properties and readily forms films. This makes it good as a coating or an additive to coatings.
A 2014 study found fluorescent properties of PVP K 85 and its oxidized hydrolyzate.
History of PVP K 85 
PVP K 85 was first synthesized by Walter Reppe and a patent was filed in 1939 for one of the derivatives of acetylene chemistry. PVP K 85 was initially used as a blood plasma substitute and later in a wide variety of applications in medicine, pharmacy, cosmetics and industrial production.

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