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CAS Number: 9046-09-7
SAPOGENAT T 300 is a nonionic surfactant for the chemical industry.
SAPOGENAT T 300 is composed of tributyphenol ethoxylate with 30 moles ethylene oxide.
SAPOGENAT T 300 is used in the following applications: for pigment preparations.
For electroplating processes; as emulsifier for waxes and solvents.
And for polymer dispersions and emulsion polymerization.
SAPOGENAT T products are the best-performing NPE alternatives: Besides excellent emulsification power, these surfactants are also good wetters, increasing pesticide efficacy in foliar application.
During the microbial treatment of a sandy model soil artificially contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a large residual pollution was found.
The remainig PAHs were sorbed into the micropores of the soil and were therefore not bioavailable.
Using a lab-scale precolator, the microbially pretreated soil was subjected to aftertreatment with surfactants with the aim of further degradation of its pollution.
Two commercial nonionic surfatants of the polyethoxylate type, Präwozell F1214/5 N and SAPOGENAT T 300, were used.
The surfactants differ both in their physicochemical properties (CMC value, PAH solubilization capacity, adsorption onto soil) and in their microbial degradability.
During aftertreatment under permanently aerobic conditions, only a weak PAH accumulation in the liquid phase was observed, which was due to a low solubilization rate as well as to simultaneous microbial degradation of the dissolved PAHs.
Temporary anaerobiosis successfully suppressed the microbial degradation of both the surfactant and the solubilized PAHs, resulting in a more intensive PAH accumulation.
But the PAH content of the soil - the essential criterion for evaluating the efficiency of surfactant application - was not decreased to a larger extent with surfactants than without them.
To find out why the surfactants failed to act, the surfactant and hydrocarbon distribution among the liquid and solid phases was studied in mixtures of phenantherne-spiked solis and Präwozell-containig liquids; at heavy phenanthrene loading, the aqueous phase was saturated with PAH; at weak loading, it was unsaturated.
Model-aided data analysis showed that the soil may contain PAH in two fractions: strongly sorbed into soil pores and, in the case of heavy loading, also weakly attached to the soil surface.
The latter is easily extractable, resulting in a PAH-saturated liquid, while strongly adsorbed PAH is only partially dissolved due to competition between the micelles and the soil pores for the PAH.
The microbially pretreated soil contains only strongly bound PAHs, which are as difficult to extract by surfactants as they are poorly accessible for microbes.
The bioremediation of soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) often is limited by a low bioavailability of the contaminants.
The effect of two nonionic surfactants of the alkylphenolethoxylate type, ARKOPAL N-300 and SAPOGENAT T 300, on bioavailability of PAH in manufactured gas plant soil was evaluated in soil columns percolated by recirculating flushing water.
Both surfactants enhanced the mass transfer rate of sorbed PAH into the aqueous phase due to solubilization.
Solubilized PAH were available for biodegradation.
Degradation of the surfactants themselves was monitored by counting cell numbers of surfactant degraders.
SAPOGENAT T 300 could be demonstrated that the rapid degradation of ARKOPAL N-300 resulted in a lack of oxygen and an inhibition of PAH degradation.
SAPOGENAT T 300 was degraded more slowly, but a depletion of oxygen occurred after 54 d of incubation.
Until then the surfactant-enhanced PAH mobilization resulted in an increased PAH degradation as compared to the treatment without surfactant.
Therefore, biodegradability of the surfactants was shown to be one of the key functions for the use of surfactants in practice.
Reduction of PAH content and toxicity of the contaminated soil was obtained in all cases.
Decrease of soil toxicity as indicated by the bioluminescence test was most pronounced in case of the SAPOGENAT T 300 amended treatment.
SAPOGENAT T 300 is concluded that surfactants can be a useful tool for stimulating biodegradation of PAH in contaminated soil.
Uses of SAPOGENAT T 300:
SAPOGENAT T 300 is used e.g. in the following applications:
For pigment preparations,
For electroplating processes,
As emulsifier for waxes and solvents,
For polymer dispersions and emulsion polymerization.
Benefits of SAPOGENAT T 300:
The best available NPE replacement,
Excellent emulsifying properties,
Excellent wetting agent,
Application for various pesticide classes,
Broad EO-spectrum available,
Established industry standard.
Stability And Reactivity of SAPOGENAT T 300:
Reactivity:
No dangerous reaction known under conditions of normal use.
Chemical stability:
Stable under normal conditions.
Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No dangerous reaction known under conditions of normal use.
Stable
Conditions to avoid:
Keep away from heat.
Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces and sources of ignition.
Hazardous decomposition products:
When handled and stored appropriately, no dangerous decomposition products are known.
Handling And Storage of SAPOGENAT T 300:
Advice on protection against fire and explosion:
Observe the general rules of industrial fire protection.
Advice on safe handling:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing.
Use only with adequate ventilation.
Do not breathe dust/ fume/ gas/ mist/ vapours/ spray.
Keep away from heat, sparks and open flames.
Store in proper container and keep container closed when not in use.
Further information on storage conditions:
Keep containers tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place.
Handle and open container with care.
First Aid Measures of SAPOGENAT T 300:
General advice:
Remove/ Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
If inhaled:
Move the victim to fresh air.
Give oxygen or artificial respiration if needed.
Get immediate medical advice/ attention.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
In case of skin contact:
Wash off immediately with plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
If swallowed:
Get medical attention immediately.
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed:
The possible symptoms known are those derived from the labelling.
No additional symptoms are known.
Notes to physician:
Treat symptomatically.
Firefighting Measures of SAPOGENAT T 300:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Water spray jet
Alcohol-resistant foam
Dry powder
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Unsuitable extinguishing media:
High volume water jet
Specific hazards during firefighting:
In case of fires, hazardous combustion gases are formed:
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Further information:
In the event of fire and/or explosion do not breathe fumes.
Do not allow run-off from fire fighting to enter drains or water courses.
Fire residues and contaminated fire extinguishing water must be disposed of in accordance with local regulations.
Special protective equipment for firefighters:
Wear an approved positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus in addition to standard fire fighting gear.
Accidental Release Measures of SAPOGENAT T 300:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures:
Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing.
Wash thoroughly after handling.
Contain spill.
Ensure adequate ventilation and wear appropriate personal protective equipment.
Collect onto inert absorbent.
Place in sealable container.
Do not allow to contaminate water sources or sewers.
Environmental precautions:
SAPOGENAT T 300 should not be allowed to enter drains, water courses or the soil.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Prevent product from entering drains.
Non-sparking tools should be used.
Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.
Contain spillage, soak up with non-combustible absorbent material, (e.g. sand, earth, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite) and transfer to a container for disposal according to local / national regulations.
Clean contaminated surface thoroughly.
Properties of SAPOGENAT T 300:
Active substance content: about 100 %
Appearance at 20°C: yellowish wax
Density (DIN 51757) at 70°C: about 1,05 g/cm3
Viscosity (DIN 53015) at 70°C: about 70 mPa*s
Drop Point (DIN 51801): about 45°C
pH value (DIN EN 1262), 1% in water: 6 - 8
Flash point (DIN/ISO 2592): about 250 °C
Cloud point (1% in 100 ml 10% NaCl solution): approx. 73°C
HLB value: about 17
Solubility at 20°C after 24 h:
1% in water: clear solution
10% in mineral oil: insoluble
10% in xylene: clear solution
BgVV Listing: BgVV Teil A II, XIV, XXXIV
Appearance: Wax.
Colour: white
Odour: characteristic
pH: 6 - 8 (68 °F / 20 °C)
Drop point : approx. 113 °F / 45 °C
Boiling point : > 680 °F / > 360 °C
Flash point: approx. 482 °F / 250 °C
Burning number: 1 - Does not catch fire
Vapour pressure: < 0.001 Pa (77 °F / 25 °C)
Density: 1.05 g/cm3 (122 °F / 50 °C)
Solubility:
Water solubility: soluble (68 °F / 20 °C)
Decomposition temperature: > 626 °F / > 330 °C
Heating rate: 3 K/min
Viscosity, dynamic: approx. 70 mPa.s (158 °F / 70 °C)
Other Descriptions of SAPOGENAT T 300:
Function of SAPOGENAT T 300:
Emulsifier
Applications of SAPOGENAT T 300:
Crop protection
Composition of SAPOGENAT T 300:
Tributyphenol ethoxylate with 30 moles ethylene oxide
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SAPOGENAT T 180
SAPOGENAT T 060
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SAPOGENAT T 300
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ARKOPAL N 040
ARKOPAL N 060
ARKOPAL N 080
ARKOPAL N 090
ARKOPAL N 100
ARKOPAL N 130
ARKOPAL N 150
ARKOPAL N 208
ARKOPAL N 238
ARKOPAL N 300
ARKOPAL N 307
ARKOPAL N 308
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GENAPOL X 050
GENAPOL X 060
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EMULSOGEN LCN 118
EMULSOGEN LCN 115
EMULSOGEN LCN 217
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GENAPOL PF 10
GENAPOL PF 20
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GENAPOL EP 0244
GENAPOL EP 2424
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GENAPOL BE 2410
GENAPOL BE 2805
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EMULSOGEN TS 100
EMULSOGEN TS 160
EMULSOGEN TS 200
EMULSOGEN TS 290
EMULSOGEN TS 54
EMULSOGEN TS 600
GENAPOL BA 040
GENAMIN C 020
GENAMIN C 050
GENAMIN C 100
GENAMIN C 150
GENAMIN C 200
GENAMIN O 020 special
GENAMIN O 050
GENAMIN O 080
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GENAMIN S 020
GENAMIN S 080
GENAMIN S 100
GENAMIN S 150
GENAMIN S 200
GENAMIN S 250
GENAMIN T 020
GENAMIN T 100
GENAMIN T 150
GENAMIN 3920
GENAMIN CH 020
EMULSOGEN EL 200
EMULSOGEN EL 360
EMULSOGEN EL 400
EMULSOGEN EL 540
HOSTACERIN DGI
HOSTACERIN DGMS
HOSTACERIN DGSB
EMULSOGEN 4156
HOSTAPUR OS Liquid
HOSTAPUR OSB
HOSTAPUR SAS 30
HOSTAPUR SAS 60
HOSTAPUR SAS 93
EMULSOGEN APS 100
EMULSOGEN EPA 073
EMULSOGEN EPA 078
EMULSOGEN EPA 1954
EMULSOGEN LA 033
EMULSOGEN LA 083
EMULSOGEN LCA 213
EMULSOGEN PF 20 S
GENAPOL LRO Liquid
GENAPOL LRO Paste
HOSTAPAL BV Conc.
HOSTAPAL BV Liquid
ZELIQUID LP 2
EMULSOGEN SF 8
HOSTAPHAT CC 100
HOSTAPHAT CK 100
HOSTAPHAT MDAH
HOSTAPHAT 145
HOSTAPHAT 1306
HOSTAPHAT KL 340 D
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HOSTAPHAT MIT 080
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EMULSOGEN CIO 050
EMULSOGEN CNO 080
EMULSOGEN COA 070
EMULSOGEN COL 020
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ARKOMON SO
MEDIALAN LD
ARKOPON T 8015
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FLOTIGAM 2835
FLOTIGAM 2835-2
FLOTIGAM 2835-2L
FLOTIGAM 3135
FLOTIGAM 7051
FLOTICOR DF-7005
FLOTICOR DF-7006
FLOTICOR DF-7063
FLOTICOR SI-7020
FLOTICOR DI-7021
