SODIUM DIMETHYL CARBAMODITHIOATE

Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate are a well-known group of pesticides which have been used to control a number of species belonging to taxonomically different groups, e.g., bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and molluscs for over 60 years. 
The first integrated product containing Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate was registered in 1949.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as a disinfectant, corrosion inhibitor, coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent, and fungicide. 

CAS:    128-04-1
MF:    C3H6NNaS2
MW:    143.21
EINECS:    204-876-7

Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as a disinfectant, corrosion inhibitor, coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent, and fungicide. 
The slow release of poisonous gases from hydrolysis of many thio and dithiocarbamates requires the use of respirators during handling. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate used as an antimicrobial/fungicidal agent in paints, water treatment; a registered biocide for cutting oils and aqueous systems in industries such as leather tanning and paper manufacturing. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate used in the rubber industry as a vulcanization accelerator for making synthetic and natural rubbers (i.e., butadiene rubber, latex). 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate used as a fungicide on melons (tolerance set as 25 ppm). 
Also used as an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.

Routes and Pathways and Relevant Physicochemical Properties
The estimated pKa of Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is 5.4, indicating that this compound will primarily exist in the dissociated form at environmentally relevant pHs. 
If released to air, Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate will exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere, since it is a salt and will be nonvolatile. 
Due to the short chemical lifetime of Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate in air, it is not expected to accumulate in air or transported in the gaseous phase over long distances. 
Furthermore, based on the estimated Henry’s law constant at 25°C ＝ 6.972 1015 atmm3 mol-1at 20 °C for Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate and Log Pow equal to 2.41, air will not be an environmental compartment of concern and sodium N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate can be classified as a nonadsorbed substance.

Partition Behavior in Water, Sediment, and Soil
The Koc of Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is estimated as 2.2, suggesting that Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is expected to have very high mobility in soil and is not adsorbed to suspended solids or sediment.

Environmental Persistency
Particulate-phase Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate will be removed from the atmosphere by wet and dry depositions. 
Photolysis in aqueous solution and soil was found to be an important degradation process for Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate. 
Depending on the geographical latitude (30–50 N) and the climatic season, the calculated environmental half-lives of Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate range from 0.3 to 2.26 days. 
Hydrolysis of Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate occurs at neutral and acidic pHs. 

The hydrolysis half-life of 18 min, 25.9, and 433.3 h was reported for Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate at pH 5, 7, and 9, respectively. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate of degradation are less toxic than the product itself. 
14C-Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is rapidly photodegraded in buffered solution at pH 9 with a calculated experimental halflife of 0.79 days, corresponding to 19 h. 
Direct photolysis in surface water and soil is an important degradation process for Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate.

Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is one of the important dialkyl dithiocarbamates, so it has the general characteristics of salt, can produce a series of other metal salts, and has a wide range of social uses.
For example, Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate can be used as a terminator and vulcanization accelerator in the rubber industry, bactericide and algicide in industrial water treatment, petroleum and papermaking industries, pesticide production in agriculture, and mineral processing agent in the mining industry.

In industry, Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as an accelerator and curing agent of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, and latex, and as an additive of lubricating oil in oil processing. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate can also be used as an anti-mildew agent for lacquer cloth, which can replace the high toxic anti-mildew agent high mercuric chloride.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is a protective fungicide in agriculture.

Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used for leaf spraying, seed treatment, soil treatment, and prevention and control of grain smut, the seedling blight of many crops, fruit trees, vegetables, wheat, and other diseases.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate can also be used as a repellent for beetles, rats, rabbits, and deer. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is a disinfectant and bactericide, which can be made into 1% medicated soap for use.

Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is also used as a polymerization terminator of styrene-butadiene rubber. 
Rubber accelerator TMTD and pesticide thiram are intermediates.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as emulsion polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber, the terminator of styrene-butadiene latex, industrial bactericide, metal precipitant, vulcanization accelerator of rubber products, and agricultural insecticide.

Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate Chemical Properties
Melting point: 120-122 °C (dec.)(lit.)
Density: 1.17
Vapor pressure: 0Pa at 25℃
Storage temp.: 0-6°C
Solubility: Soluble in water
Form: powder to crystal
Color: White to Almost white
Specific Gravity: 1.18
Water Solubility: 374g/L at 20℃
Hydrolytic Sensitivity: 0: forms stable aqueous solutions
BRN: 3569024
InChIKey: NQVBYQPOGVWUPK-UHFFFAOYSA-M
LogP: -1 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference: 128-04-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate (128-04-1)

Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is a clear yellow liquid or yellow crystalline solid. 
The Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is a scaly white crystal, which is easily soluble in water. 
The crystal obtained by the crystallization method contains 2.5 molecules of crystal water, which loses 2 molecules of crystal water when heated to 115 °C, and completely loses crystal water at 130 °C. 
The industrial intermediate is a 15% aqueous solution, a yellowish or grass-green transparent liquid, a relative density of 1.06, and a pH of 9 to 11. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate used as soil disinfectant.
Crystals or liquid. 
Becomes anhydrous at 266°F.

The pure fosfomedium is scaly white crystal, which is easily soluble in water, the crystals obtained by the crystallization method contained 2.5 molecules of water of crystallization, and lost 2 molecules of water of crystallization when heated to 115 ° C. 
And completely lost water of crystallization at 130 ° C.
The industrial intermediate is 15% aqueous solution, which is a yellowish or grass green transparent liquid with a relative density of 1.06 and pH = 9~11. 
Fumarate can also be used as a soil disinfectant.

Uses    
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as a disinfectant, corrosion inhibitor, coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent, and fungicide. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used in water treatment, the rubber industry, and is a registered biocide for cutting oils and aqueous systems in industries such as leather tanning and paper manufacturing. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is also used as an antimicrobial agent in paints. 
Generally Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate are able to function as metal chelators and have been used in metal finishing operations and wastewater treatments to enhance the precipitation of metals. 
As a free radical inhibitor, Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate has been used in the rubber industry to rapidly stop the polymerization of synthesis. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is also used as a biocide for cutting oils and aqueous systems such as leather tanning and paper manufacturing.

The methyl ester of dimethyldithiocarbamic acid is produced by the reaction of Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate with dimethyl sulfate in aqueous medium in the presence of a small amount of emulsifier at 40° to 50° C.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioatet was used in studies to develop removal of heavy metals from water by sulfide precipitation.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is use as a disinfectant, corrosion inhibitor, coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent, and fungicide may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is also used as an antimicrobial agent in paints.

Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as a Terminator for Emulsion Styrene-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene latex, industrial bactericide, metal precipitant, vulcanization accelerator for rubber products and agricultural pesticides, etc. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is an intermediate of bactericide fumed bis, fumed iron, fumed ammonium, fumed zinc and fumed nickel.

Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is a disinfectant and can be used as 1% medicinal soap. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is also used as a styrene-butadiene rubber polymerization terminator. 
Intermediates of the rubber accelerator TMTD and the pesticide Formedo.
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is used as a terminator for emulsion polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene latex, industrial fungicide, metal precipitant, vulcanization accelerator for rubber products, and agricultural insecticides. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is an intermediate of fungicides, fumedouble, fumeirite, fumeammonium, fumezine, and fumenickel.

Incompatibilities    
Slowly decomposes in water, forming carbon disulfide, oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and amines, including methylamine; this decomposition is accelerated in the presence of acids. 
Flammable gases are generated by the combination with aldehydes, nitrides, and hydrides. 
Incompatible with acids, peroxides, and acid halides. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate esters are combustible. 
They react violently with powerful oxidizers such as calcium hypochlorite. 

Poisonous gases are generated by the thermal decomposition of Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate, including carbon disulfide, oxides of sulfur, oxides of nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and methylamine. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate slowly decompose in aqueous solution to form carbon disulfide and methylamine or other amines. 
Such decompositions are accelerated by acids. 
Flammable gases are generated by the combination of Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate with aldehydes, nitrides, and hydrides. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate are incompatible with carboxylic acid acids, peroxides, and acid halides.

Preparation    
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is prepared by combining dimethylamine with carbon disulfide in a solution of sodium hydroxide, forming the water-soluble dithiocarbamate salt.

Air & Water Reactions    
Slowly decomposes in aqueous solution to form carbon disulfide and methylamine or other amines. 
Such decompositions are accelerated by acids.

Reactivity Profile    
Flammable gases are generated by the combination with aldehydes, nitrides, and hydrides. Incompatible with acids, peroxides, and acid halides.

Fire Hazard    
Flash point data for Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate are not available. 
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is probably not flammable.

Toxicity evaluation    
Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate is toxic to aquatic life and can combine to form, or break down to, a number of other toxic chemicals, including thiram (an EPA registered fungicide) and other thiurams, other dithiocarbamates, carbon disulfide, and dimethylamine. 
The distal peripheral and peripheral neuropathies induced by DCs are postulated to arise via a common mechanism of toxicity, that is, the formation of carbon disulfide. 

Purification Methods    
Crystallise Sodium dimethyl carbamodithioate from a small volume of H2O, or dissolve it in the minimum volume of H2O and add cold Me2CO, collect it and dry it in air. 
The solubility in Me2CO is 50g/400mL. 
The dihydrate loses H2O on heating at 115o to give the hemi-hydrate which decomposes on further heating.

Methods of Manufacturing
The preparation method is to add water into the reaction kettle, add lye and 40% dimethylamine solution under stirring, and add carbon disulfide dropwise after cooling to about 10°C, and control the temperature of the dropping reaction to not exceed 30°C. 
After the dropwise addition of carbon disulfide is completed, Continue the reaction for 1 to 2 hours, and then stand still to separate the insoluble residue to obtain a thiram solution. 
To obtain solid thiram sodium, concentration under reduced pressure is required for crystallization.

Synonyms
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
128-04-1
Sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate
Sanceler S
Sodium dimethylcarbamodithioate
Wing Stop B
Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt
Diaprosim AB 13
Aceto SDD 40
Carbamodithioic acid, dimethyl-, sodium salt
Dibam
Methyl namate
Thiostop N
Vulnopol NM
Alcobam NM
Dibam A
Sodium N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate
Sharstop 204
Brogdex 555
DMDK
SDDC
Sta-fresh 615
Steriseal liquid #40
769GO8W6QQ
Carbamodithioic acid, N,N-dimethyl-, sodium salt (1:1)
Sodium dimethylaminecarbodithioate
Sodium dimethylaminocarbodithioate
Carbamic acid, dimethyldithio- sodium salt
N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt
DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMIC ACID, SODIUM SALT
Vinditat
Vinstop
Diram
Sdmdtc
Sodam
Nocceler S
Carbam S
Carbam-S
CHEMBL569460
MSL (carbamate)
CAS-128-04-1
Amersep MP 3R
MetalPlex 143
Nalmet A 1
NSC-85566
Caswell No. 762
MSL
UNII-769GO8W6QQ
CCRIS 5535
CCRIS 9109
Carbamic acid, dimethyldithio-, sodium salt
HSDB 6811
sodium;N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioate
EINECS 204-876-7
NSC 85566
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 034804
Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium dihydrate
AI3-14673
N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid, sodium salt
EC 204-876-7
SCHEMBL23192
Carbamodithioic acid, dimethyl-, sodium salt, dihydrate
DTXSID6027050
Sodium Dimethyl Dithio Carbamate
CARBAMIC ACID, DIMETHYLDITHIO-, SODIUM SALT, DIHYDRATE
Dimethyldithiocarbamate, sodium salt
Tox21_201971
Tox21_300391
MFCD00044839
(DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATO)SODIUM
AKOS000120803
NCGC00254258-01
NCGC00259520-01
SODIUM DIMETHYLAMINODITHIOCARBAMATE
AS-16148
D0716
FT-0631748
SODIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE [HSDB]
128D041
J-005564
J-013553
Q27266473
SODIUM 2-(DIMETHYLAMINO)-2-THIOXOETHANETHIOLATE