SODIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE

SODIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE

CAS NO: 128-04-1

SYNONYM : Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate; Sodium Dimethyldithiocarbamate, Dibam Carbamodithioic acid, dimethyl-, sodium salt; Sodium dimethylcarbamodithioate; Sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate; Carbamodithioic acid, dimethyl-, sodium salt; UNII-769GO8W6QQ; Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt; Dibam; Methyl namate; Thiostop N; Vulnopol NM; Alcobam NM; Dibam A; Wing Stop B; Sharstop 204; Brogdex 555; DMDK; Aceto SDD 40; Steriseal liquid #40; Sodium N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate; Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate solution; Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium dihydrate; Carbamodithioic acid, N,N-dimethyl-, sodium salt (1:1); Sodium dimethylaminecarbodithioate; Sodium dimethylaminocarbodithioate; Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt; DSSTox_CID_7050; N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt; DSSTox_RID_78294; DSSTox_GSID_27050; Carbamodithioic acid, dimethyl-, sodium salt, dihydrate; DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMIC ACID, SODIUM SALT; CARBAMIC ACID, DIMETHYLDITHIO-, SODIUM SALT, DIHYDRATE; CHEMBL569460; ACMC-20ajof; C3H6NNaS2; Sodium Dimethyl Dithio Carbamate; SodiumDimethyldithiocarbamateDihydrate; Carbamic acid, dimethyldithio- sodium salt (8CI); Carbamodithioic acid,N,N-dimethyl-,sodium salt (1:1); C3-H6-N-S2.Na; Aceto SDD 40; Alcobam NM; Amersep MP 3R; Brogdex 555; Carbam S; Carbam-S; DDC; DMDK; Diaprosim AB 13; Dibam; Dibam A; Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt; Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid, sodium salt; Diram; MSL; MSL (carbamate); MetalPlex 143; Methyl namate; N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt; N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid, sodium salt; Nalmet A 1; Nocceler S; SDDC; Sanceler S; Sdmdtc; Sharstop 204; Sodam; Sodium N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate; Sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate; Sodium dimethylaminecarbodithioate; Sodium dimethylaminocarbodithioate; Sodium dimethylcarbamodithioate; Sta-Fresh 615; Steriseal liquid #40; Thiostop N; Vinditat; Vinstop; Vulnopol NM; Wing Stop B; Carbamic acid, dimethyldithio-, sodium salt; [ChemIDplus]; Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate solution, ~40% in H2O; Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC); N,n-dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt; Methyl Namate; sodium-dimethylaminocarbodithioate; Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate; Carbam-S; SDDC; Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt; Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt; Methyl namate; N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt; N,N-Dimethyldithiocarbamic acid sodium salt; Sodam; Sodium N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate; Sodium dimethyl dithiocarbamate; Sodium dimethylaminecarbodithioate; Sodium dimethylaminocarbodithioate; Sodium dimethylcarbamodithioate; Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate; Thiostop N; Other RN:  122544-46-1, 165724-02-7, 191490-26-3

Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is the organosulfur anion with the formula (CH3)2NCS2−. Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is one of the simplest organic dithiocarbamate.
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is a component of various pesticides and rubber chemicals in the form of its salts sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, and potassium dimethyldithiocarbamate) as well as its complexes zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate, ferric dimethyldithiocarbamate, and nickel bis(dimethyldithiocarbamate). Oxidation gives thiram.
Product description
SDDC (Sodium Dimethyldithiocarbamate) is a yellowish aqueous solution and is used in the following applications:
Biocide for paper mills, sugar mills, water treatment, leather industry
Heavy metal scavenger
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate Used as a disinfectant, corrosion inhibitor, coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent, fungicide, and biocide (paints, cutting oils, water treatment, leather tanning, and paper manufacturing); [HSDB]. Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate used herbicide, biocide (cutting oils and aqueous systems), coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent; water treatment (precipitate heavy metal ions); stops polymerization of synthetic latexes in rubber
The first product containing sodium sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate was registered in 1949, and the first product containing potassium Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate was registered in 1980. For a list of the current products, please see Appendix A. The Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate Salts case consists of two PC codes: 034803 (potassium dimethyldithiocarbamate, or KDDC) and 034804 (sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, or NaDDC). There are 25 active potassium Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate products and 14 active sodium Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate products. There are no inert uses and no pending registrations.
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate Salts act as materials preservatives for fuels, metalworking fluids, paints, coatings, adhesives, cloth, and paper/paperboard; they act as antifoulants/slimicides in a variety of liquids including industrial/commercial cooling water, air washer water, sugar mill pulp/process water, marine heat exchangers, gas/oil recovery fluid, industrial wastewater treatment systems, industrial water purification systems, reverse osmosis water systems, and pasteurizer cooling water. Their main uses are as antifoulants in industrial cooling and air washer water systems, as well as pulp and paper mills and gas/oil drilling muds.
Several uses of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate Salts are pending cancellation as of the publication of this document, including all wood-preservative and paints/coatings uses, as well as preservation of cloth and alginate paste.
Appearance of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is white to off-white crystalline powder. Content of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate 92.0% min. Free alkali of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate 0.5% max. pH of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate 7.5 - 12.0
When heated to decomposition sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen and sulfur oxides as well as sodium oxide/.
Partition of Mn in the presence of potassium ethylxanthate, sodium diethyldithiophosphate, sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate between octanol and Tris-HCl buffer showed formation of lipophilic complex with the latter two compounds, but not with the former. However, these four chelating agents all decreased Mn uptake in the /Brown/ trout /(Salmo trutta)/ by 40-45%. ...
Adhesive sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    General adhesives and binding agents for a variety of uses
Antimicrobial sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    Type of pesticide used to destroy or inhibit the growth of disease-causing mechanisms, can be impregnated into clothing
Construction sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    General construction (as opposed to those things labeled building_construction); i.e. when source only indicates 'construction,' construction of roads, or engineering 
Consumer_use sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    Term applied when the only information the source indicates is 'consumer' or 'consumer product' ; also applied to terms that the source indicates are for consumer use, yet the descriptor term is ambivalent about usage (e.g., cleaning_washing products may be for industrial or consumer use, when the source indicates consumer use, the consumer_use term is also applied) - see appendix for full list of unambiguous consumer related terms plus ambiguous consumer related terms which if indicated are labeled with 'consumer_use'
Drug sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    Drug product, or related to the manufacturing of drugs; modified by veterinary, animal, or pet if indicated by source
Feed, animal sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    Related to animals (but non-veterinary) e.g., animal husbandry, farming of animals/animal production, raising of animals for food or fur, animal feed, products for household pets 
Food_additive sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    Includes spices, extracts, colorings, flavors, etc added to food for human consumption    
Food_contact sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    Includes food packaging, paper plates, cutlery, small appliances such as roasters, etc.; does not include facilities that manufacture food
Manufacturing sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    If applied entry is related to the manufacturing process for the product, widely applied, modifiers often included (if not included, no additional information is known)
Manufacturing, chemical    sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate General term used only when the only information known from the source is 'chemical,' typically related to manufacturing of chemicals, or laboratory chemicals 
Manufacturing, metals sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    Related to metals - manufacturing of metals, casting of metals, production of metals, surface treatment of metals, etc
Pesticide sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    Substances used for preventing, destroying or mitigating pests
Preservatives sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    Includes preservatives used in cosmetics, film, wood preserving agents, foods, etc (note food preservatives are also indicated as food_additive)
Surface_treatment, metals sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    Related to metals - manufacturing of metals, casting of metals, production of metals, surface treatment of metals, etc
Water_treatment sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate    Includes water softeners, lime removers, and the products used in the process of the collection, purification, and distribution of water
For sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 034804) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate use disinfectant. Corrosion inhibitor. Coagulant. Vulcanizing agent. Chelating agent. Fungicide. Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate used as a vulcanization ultra-accelerator for mixes based on synthetic and natural rubbers (for example butadiene rubber) and natural and synthetic latex. A fungicide. Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate use Solids separation agents, Water treatment for heavy metals removal, pesticide for sugar processing , Agricultural use, Water treatment products
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is manufactured by combining dimethylamine with carbon disulfide in a solution of sodium hydroxide, forming the water-soluble dithiocarbamate salt.
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives. Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is found on List B. Case No: 2180; Pesticide type: fungicide, antimicrobial; Case Status: OPP is reviewing data from the pesticide's producers regarding its human health and/or environmental effects, or OPP is determining the pesticide's eligibility for reregistration and developing the RED document.; Active ingredient (AI): sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 9/27/91; AI Status: The producers of the pesticide have made commitments to conduct the studies and pay the fees required for reregistration, and are meeting those commitments in a timely manner.
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as organic alkali metal salts. These are organic salts of an alkali metal. The alkali metal atom is usually in its ionic form. Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is possibly neutral.
Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is a 40% aqueous solution Yellow liquid. Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is Used as a disinfectant, corrosion inhibitor, coagulant, vulcanizing agent, chelating agent, fungicide, and biocide (paints, cutting oils, water treatment, leather tanning, and paper manufacturing).
Absorption of DCs after oral dosing is moderate in general. Several observations suggest that the DCs may undergo extensive breakdown in the gut prior to absorption. Absorption was relatively slow with maximum concentrations of radioactivity being reached within 10 h at the low dose level and 24 h at the high dose level. The principal route of metabolism was hydrolysis to form and exhale CS2, COS, and CO2. The majority of circulatory metabolites are carbon disulfide. There are reports indicating the formation of carbon disulfide in rats after oral administration. Among the five metabolites identified in the urine, the alanine conjugate of dimethyldithiocarbamate is one of the major metabolites, occurring both after single or repeated, and low- or high-dose administration. Quantitative differences occurred for the other metabolites: dithiocarbamate thiosulfenic acid was the second major metabolite after subchronic or high dose, while in the low-dose animals 2-thioxo-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid was the second major metabolite. The remaining dose was excreted in urine and feces, with excretion essentially complete within 24 h. However, Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) as a chelating agent decreased the uptake of Mn in the brown trout (Salmo trutta) by 40–45%.
Mechanism of Toxicity of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
Dimethyldithiocarbamates in general are metabolized to carbon disulfide, a known animal and human neurotoxicant having a common neuropathic effect by a common active metabolite. The distal peripheral and peripheral neuropathies induced by DCs are postulated to arise via a common mechanism of toxicity, that is, the formation of carbon disulfide. Chronic exposure increases brain neurotransmitters and stimulates sex hormone cycle, especially in women.
Acute and Short-Term Toxicity of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
Animal In guinea pigs, Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) was a skin irritant with a weak sensitizing potential. It was of moderate acute oral toxicity in rodents and produced testes damage and nerve degeneration in chickens given repeated oral doses. Oral LD50 value for rat is 1000 mg kg−1 and for mouse it is 1500 mg kg−1. Rabbits that received single doses of 0.5–1.5 g kg−1 of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) showed excitation with subsequent central nervous system (CNS) inhibition, reduced tactile and pain sensitivity, and decreased food consumption. Gross pathology examination revealed visceral congestion and pulmonary edema, hyperemia and focal hemorrhages in the gastric mucosa, and intestinal swelling. The relative weights of the lungs, heart, and stomach were increased. Dermal LD50 value for rat is higher than 5000 mg kg−1.
Human Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) is acutely moderately toxic via the dermal route, has very low toxicity via the inhalation route, and is slightly toxic via the oral route of exposure. It is corrosive to the eye and mildly to slightly irritating to the skin, but it is not a dermal sensitizer. The acute oral and dermal LD50 values for Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) are higher than 2000 mg kg−1; the acute inhalation LC50 value is higher than 2.05 mg l−1 for 4 h.
Chronic Toxicity of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
Animal Chronic administration of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) (100 mg kg−1 orally) for 15 weeks causes body weight gain. The fur of animals was ungroomed and had turned yellow. Adynamia, blood cell dysmorphology, retarded testicular development, degeneration in the seminiferous epithelium of mature birds, nerve fiber degeneration in the nervous system especially in the medulla and spinal cord of chicks, and cardiovascular problems were reported. Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) inhibits thrombin and platelet activation by affecting thromboxane dose dependently.
Human Chronic exposure to widely used DC fungicides may be associated with neurocognitive impairment, peripheral neuropathy, extrapyramidal symptoms, and increased risk of developing Parkinson disease. The main adverse effect of dermal exposure to these compounds is paresthesia, presumably due to hyperactivity of cutaneous sensory nerve fibers. Dizziness, headache, and fatigue are common symptoms when oral exposure occurred for a long period.
Immunotoxicity of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate 
Data taken from the experiments show that Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) is a potent immunosuppressive compound in vitro. It has been reported to cause a significant immunosuppression in mice following both oral and dermal in vivo exposures.
Reproductive Toxicity of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
Developmental toxicity studies on Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) have been conducted with rabbits and rats. In both cases, the NOEL for maternal toxicity was lower than the NOEL for developmental toxicity. The parental reproductive NOEL is greater than 0.1 mg ml−1; there were no significant reproductive effects at any dose level. These studies provide evidence that Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) is not a selective or specific reproductive or developmental toxin. No additional reproductive or developmental testing is proposed for these materials. Developmental toxicity studies performed in rabbits showed that Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) is classified as FDA Pregnancy Category C.
Genotoxicity of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
Studies on Salmonella typhimurium (TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537) show positive results with and without metabolic activation in the Ames test. Studies using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) showed negative results with and without metabolic activation in the CHO/hypoxanthine–guanine phosphoribosyltransferase assay.
Carcinogenicity of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate
Several genetic toxicity studies have been conducted on Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC). In an Ames assay, Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) was mutagenic in three strains of Salmonella (TA100, TA1535, and TA1537). However, no genotoxic effects were observed in a rat liver unscheduled DNA synthesis assay. Based on these data it is concluded that Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) is weakly mutagenic to bacteria but not mutagenic to mammalian cells in vitro and that no additional mutagenicity testing is warranted.
The degradation of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) in beneficiation wastewater has become an increasingly concerned issue due to the serious effects on the environment. In this study, the degradation characteristics of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) in artificially prepared beneficiation wastewater were investigated by adding sodium hypochlorite as an oxidant, and the influences of different degradation conditions on removal efficiency of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) were analyzed systematically. The results indicated that the degradation rate of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) without sodium hypochlorite added can reach 88.4% in a stewing time of 6 h. When the dosage of sodium hypochlorite was 400 mg·L−1, the degradation rate of Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) can reach 91.28% for 1 min reaction time under the natural condition of pH value 5.98 and reaction temperature 25°C. The Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC) in the wastewater was firstly degraded into carbon disulfide and diethylamine, and then carbon disulfide was further degraded into CO2, S, or SO42−, while diethylamine was degraded into N2 and CO2. The research results can provide a technical basis for the treatment of beneficiation wastewater containing Sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (SDMC).