SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE MONOHYDRATE

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is used as an electroless nickel plating agent and water treatment agent.
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is also used in petroleum fields.
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is used as a food additive.

CAS Number: 10039-56-2
EC Number: 231-669-9
MDL Number: MFCD06252379
Molecular Formula: NaH₂PO₂ · H₂O
Molecular Weight: ~105.99 g/mol

SYNONYMS:
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate, Sodium phosphinate monohydrate, Sodium hypophosphite 1-hydrate, Phosphinic acid sodium salt monohydrate, Sodium hypophosphite hydrate, Natrium hypophosphite monohydrate, Phosphinic acid monosodium salt, Sodium phosphinate, Sodium hydrogen phosphite, NaH₂PO₂·H₂O, Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, 4VN69WUP7N, RefChem:183942, DTXCID701784632, 10039-56-2, DTXSID40143243, Fosfornan sodny, Phosphinic acid, sodium salt, monohydrate, Sodium hypophosphite hydrate, Sodium phosphenite hydrate, SCHEMBL7867, ACUGTEHQOFWBES-UHFFFAOYSA-M, AKOS015911117, AKOS015912627, SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE, MONOHYDRATE, Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, >=99%, FS156820, SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE MONOHYDRATE [MI], Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, puriss., 98.0%, Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, puriss. p.a., Reag. Ph. Eur., >=99%, Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, puriss., meets analytical specification of DAC, 99-103%, Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, SAJ first grade, 80.0-86.0% anhydrous basis, Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, SAJ special grade, 82.0-86.0% anhydrous basis, Sodium hypophosphite 1-hydrate, Sodiumphosphinite

Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is an inorganic salt and the monohydrate form of sodium hypophosphite (chemical formula NaH₂PO₂ · H₂O).
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is a white, odorless crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and acts as a strong reducing agent.

Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is a water-soluble, white crystalline inorganic reducing agent mainly used in electroless nickel plating to deposit durable Ni-P coatings on metals and activated plastics.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is an inorganic acid that is used for the treatment of wastewater.

The antimicrobial activity of Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is due to its ability to form polycarboxylic acids and fatty acids from the carboxyl group on the phosphorus atom.
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate can also react with citric acid to form a matrix effect, which prevents the growth of organisms by altering the surface tension of water.

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate has been shown to have a matrix effect in which it reacts with citric acid to form ester linkages, which prevent bacterial growth by altering water surface tension.
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate also hydrolyzes under acidic conditions, generating hydroxyl groups, which will react with other compounds such as hydrochloric acid or diphenyl ethers.

This reaction will release hydrogen ions and result in a decrease in pH.
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is generally immediately available in most volumes.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, with the CAS number 10039-56-2, is an inorganic compound characterized by its white crystalline appearance.

Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is the sodium salt of hypophosphorous acid and typically exists as a monohydrate, meaning it contains one molecule of water for each formula unit.
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is soluble in water, making it useful in various applications, including as a reducing agent in chemical reactions and in the production of phosphorous-containing compounds.

Additionally, Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate has applications in the synthesis of certain pharmaceuticals and as a food additive in some regions.
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is generally considered to have low toxicity, but safety precautions should be taken when handling it, as with any chemical substance.

Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate's stability and reactivity can vary depending on environmental conditions, such as pH and temperature.
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is the sodium salt of hypophosphorous acid and is often encountered as the monohydrate, NaPO₂H₂·H₂O.

USES and APPLICATIONS of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE MONOHYDRATE:
Its principal industrial use is as a reducing agent in electroless nickel plating processes, where Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate chemically reduces nickel ions to deposit a nickel-phosphorus coating on metal and non-metal surfaces.
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate also finds application in water treatment, chemical manufacturing, flame retardants, polymer stabilization, and various reducing or catalytic chemical processes.

Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate has a history of varied uses including in some early pharmaceutical formulations, but in modern practice it is mainly a technical industrial chemical.
Reducing Agent & Chemical Reagent: Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is used as a reducing agent in chemical synthesis, including as a hydrogen donor in certain catalytic hydrogenation reactions and as a reagent in organic and inorganic chemistry.

Water Treatment: Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is utilized to reduce metal ion content in industrial wastewater streams, aiding in removal of heavy metals prior to discharge.
Polymer & Resin Processing: Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is employed as a stabilizer or catalyst in polymer and resin manufacturing, including acrylic polymerization and heat stabilization.

Flame Retardants & Construction Additives: Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is used in phosphorus flame retardant systems and concrete admixtures to improve drying and set properties.
Food & Pharmaceutical Uses (Historical): Historically, Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate was used in some pharmaceutical preparations and as a food additive or antioxidant/stabilizer; modern usage in food is limited and regulated.

Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate serves as a chemical reagent, stabilizer, catalyst, and industrial additive in water treatment, polymer processing, flame retardants, and construction materials.
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is highly soluble, neutral in solution, and chemically reactive, particularly with oxidizing species.

Safety consideration is primarily concerned with Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate's reducing power and potential to generate toxic phosphine on decomposition.
Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is used as an electroless nickel plating agent and water treatment agent.

Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is also used in petroleum fields.
Further, Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is used as a food additive.
In addition, Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate reduces nickel ions in solution to metallic nickel on metal substrates as well as on plastic substrates.

Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is used for electroless nickel plating and as a food additive.
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate is also employed in the electroplating industry, particularly for nickel plating, due to its ability to promote smooth and uniform deposits.

-Industrial Applications of Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate:
*Electroless Nickel Plating:
The major industrial application of sodium hypophosphite monohydrate is as a reducing agent in electroless nickel (Ni-P) plating baths.

In this process, Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate reduces nickel ions (Ni²⁺) to metallic nickel, forming a uniform, durable nickel-phosphorus coating on metals and activated plastics or ceramics.
This method is valuable for coating complex shapes, deep holes, and non-conductive substrates after activation.

FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES & BENEFITS
*Reducing Strength:
As a powerful reducing agent, sodium hypophosphite monohydrate enables autocatalytic electroless plating, where metal deposits without external electrical current.
This yields dense, uniform coatings with enhanced wear and corrosion resistance.

*Solubility & Processing:
High water solubility and neutral pH range in solution make Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate straightforward to incorporate into aqueous processing systems in plating and chemical manufacture.

*Versatile Chemical Reagent:
Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate also serves in synthesis and processing as a reagent, stabilizer, and catalyst, offering multiple industrial roles.

PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL PROPERTIES of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE MONOHYDRATE:
Chemical Name:Sodium Hypophosphite Monohydrate
CAS Number:10039-56-2
EC Number:231-669-9
Molecular Formula:NaH₂PO₂ · H₂O
Molecular Weight:~105.99 g/mol
Physical Form:Solid crystalline powder
Typical Appearance:White, odorless crystals or crystalline powder
Appearance & State:White crystalline solid / colorless powder.
Odor:Odorless.
Melting Point:Begins to melt or decomposes around ~90 °C.

Density:Approximately 0.8 g/cm³ for typical monohydrate crystals.
Solubility:Highly soluble in water (e.g., ~1000 g/L at 20 °C) and dissolves readily in hot water and some alcohols; insoluble in ether.
pH of Solution:Aqueous solutions typically have pH ~6–8.
Hygroscopicity:Tends to be hygroscopic and deliquescent, meaning it can absorb moisture from air.
Chemical Behavior:A strong reducing agent that can donate electrons to reduce metal ions to metals, a key property for electroless plating.
Stability:Stable under normal storage
CAS:10039-56-2
IUPAC Name:sodium hydrate phosphinate

Molecular Formula:H4NaO3P
InChI Key:PLZNPHDJGFDNRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M
SMILES:O.[Na+].[O-][PH2]=O
Molecular Weight (g/mol):105.99
Synonym:sodium hydrate phosphinate
MDL Number:MFCD06252379
Form:Crystalline powder
Water Content (Karl Fischer Titration):12-17%
Appearance (Color):White
Assay (unspecified):≥97.0% (dry wt. basis)

CAS No:10039-56-2
Product Code:FS156820
MDL No:MFCD06252379
Chemical Formula:NaH2PO2·H2O
Molecular Weight:105.99 g/mol
Smiles:O.[O-]P=O.[Na+]
Long Term Storage:store at 10°C - 25°C, close container well
Molecular Weight:103.978 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:1

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:3
Rotatable Bond Count:0
Exact Mass:103.96392520 Da
Monoisotopic Mass:103.96392520 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area:41.1 Ų
Heavy Atom Count:5
Formal Charge:0
Complexity:13.5
Isotope Atom Count:0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count:0

Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count:0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count:0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count:0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:3
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes
Linear Formula:NaH2PO2 · H2O
CAS Number:10039-56-2
Molecular Weight:105.99
Assay:≥99%
Form:powder, crystals or chunks

Physical state:crystalline
Color:white
Odor:No data available
Melting point/freezing point:No data available
Initial boiling point and boiling range:No data available
Flammability (solid, gas):No data available
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits:No data available
Flash point:Not applicable
Autoignition temperature:No data available
Decomposition temperature:No data available
pH:6,0 - 8,0 at 50 g/l at 25 °C

Viscosity Viscosity, kinematic:No data available
Viscosity, dynamic:No data available
Water solubility:No data available
Partition coefficient n-octanol/water:No data available
Vapor pressure:No data available
Density:No data available
Relative density:No data available
Relative vapor density:No data available
Particle characteristics:No data available
Explosive properties:No data available
Oxidizing properties:No data available
Bulk density:1,05 g/l

FIRST AID MEASURES of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE MONOHYDRATE:
-Description of first-aid measures
*General advice:
Show this material safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
*If inhaled:
After inhalation: 
Fresh air.
*In case of skin contact: 
Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. 
Rinse skin with
water/ shower.
*In case of eye contact:
After eye contact: 
Rinse out with plenty of water. 
Call in ophthalmologist. 
Remove contact lenses.
*If swallowed:
After swallowing: 
Immediately make victim drink water (two glasses at most). 
Consult a physician.
-Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed.
No data available

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE MONOHYDRATE:
-Environmental precautions:
Do not let product enter drains.
-Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Cover drains. 
Collect, bind, and pump off spills. 
Observe possible material restrictions. 
Take up dry. 
Dispose of properly. 
Clean up affected area.

FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE MONOHYDRATE:
-Extinguishing media:
*Suitable extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 
Foam 
Dry powder
*Unsuitable extinguishing media:
For this substance/mixture no limitations of extinguishing agents are given.
-Further information:
Prevent fire extinguishing water from contaminating surface water or the ground water system.

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE MONOHYDRATE:
-Control parameters:
--Ingredients with workplace control parameters:
-Exposure controls:
--Personal protective equipment:
*Eye/face protection:
Use equipment for eye protection. 
Safety glasses
*Body Protection:
protective clothing
*Respiratory protection:
Recommended Filter type: Filter A 
-Control of environmental exposure:
Do not let product enter drains.

HANDLING and STORAGE of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE MONOHYDRATE:
-Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
*Storage conditions:
Tightly closed. 
Dry.

STABILITY and REACTIVITY of SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE MONOHYDRATE:
-Chemical stability:
The product is chemically stable under standard ambient conditions (room temperature).
-Possibility of hazardous reactions:
No data available