SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE

SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE

Sodium hypophosphite (also known as sodium phosphinate) is the sodium salt of hypophosphorous acid and is often encountered as the monohydrate, NaPO2H2·H2O. 
Sodium hypophosphite is a solid at room temperature, appearing as odorless white crystals. 
Sodium hypophosphite is soluble in water, and easily absorbs moisture from the air.

Sodium hypophosphite should be kept in a cool, dry place, isolated from oxidizing materials. 
Sodium hypophosphite decomposes into phosphine which is irritating to the respiratory tract and disodium phosphate.

2 NaH2PO2 → PH3 + Na2HPO4

CAS: 7681-53-0
European Community (EC) Number: 231-669-9

Molecular Formula: NaPO2H2
Molecular Weight: 85.962 g/mol

Physical Description: White granules or crystals
Color / Form: Colorless, pearly, crystalline plates or white granular powder
Taste: Bittersweet, saline taste
Melting Point: Melting point equals 392 °F (decomposes into toxic and explosive phosphine gas)
Density: 1.77 
Viscosity: Dynamic viscosity is between 19 and 23 mPa.s (average at 21 mPa.s) at 810 g/L and 3 mPa.s at 50% in concentration.

Solubility: White, colorless, deliquescent granules; saline taste. 
Soluble in 1 part water, 0.15 part boiling water; freely soluble in glycerol and in boiling alcohol; soluble in cold alcohol, slightly soluble in absolute alcohol. Insoluble in ether. 
Solubility of anhydrous NaH2PO2 at 25 °C in ethylene glycol: 33.0 g/100g; in propylene glycol: 9.7 g/100g. /Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate/

Sodium hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) is a chemical reducer obtained from the reaction of phosphorous with caustic soda and lime. 
Sodium hypophosphite is mainly used in electrochemical nickel plating applications, whitening agent and as catalysts in the fiber-glass industry.

Sodium hypophosphite (NaPO2H2, also known as sodium phosphinate) is the sodium salt of hypophosphorous acid and is often encountered as the monohydrate, NaPO2H2·H2O. 
Sodium hypophosphite is a solid at room temperature, appearing as odorless white crystals. 
Sodium hypophosphite is soluble in water, and easily absorbs moisture from the air.

Sodium hypophosphite should be kept in a cool, dry place, isolated from oxidizing materials. 
Sodium hypophosphite decomposes into phosphine which is irritating to the respiratory tract and disodium phosphate.

2 NaH2PO2 → PH3 + Na2HPO4

Uses
Like other hypophosphites, sodium hypophosphite can reduce metal ions back into base metal. 
This forms the basis for electroless nickel plating (Ni-P), which is its main industrial application.
With this method, a durable nickel-phosphorus film can coat objects with irregular surfaces, such as in avionics, aviation and the petroleum field.

Sodium hypophosphite is capable of reducing nickel ions in solution to metallic nickel on metal substrates as well as on plastic substrates.
The latter requires that the substrate is activated with fine particles of palladium. 
The resulting nickel deposit contains up to 15% phosphorus.

Sodium hypophosphite has been investigated as a food additive.

Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate can be used as a:

- Reducing agent in the synthesis of nickel nanoparticles (NiNP) from nickel acetate tetrahydrate under microwave irradiation.
- Hydrogen donor in the enantioselective transfer hydrogenation of aliphatic and aromatic ketones to corresponding alcohols in presence of ruthenium catalyst.
- Catalyst in esterification of spent grain to improve heavy metal ions adsorption capacity using N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent.

Consumer Uses
Sodium hypophosphite is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and cosmetics and personal care products.
Other release to the environment of Sodium hypophosphite is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid and outdoor use as processing aid.

Widespread uses by professional workers
Sodium hypophosphite is used in the following products: coating products, fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay and cosmetics and personal care products.
Sodium hypophosphite has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Other release to the environment of Sodium hypophosphite is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid and outdoor use as processing aid.

Sodium hypophosphite is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, polymers, washing & cleaning products, water treatment chemicals, metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products, lubricants and greases and textile treatment products and dyes.
Sodium hypophosphite has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

Uses at industrial sites
Sodium hypophosphite is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, polymers, metal surface treatment products, non-metal-surface treatment products and welding & soldering products.
Sodium hypophosphite has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).
Sodium hypophosphite is used for the manufacture of: chemicals, plastic products, rubber products, electrical, electronic and optical equipment, machinery and vehicles, textile, leather or fur, wood and wood products, pulp, paper and paper products and fabricated metal products.

Electroless Nickel (EN) – Sodium Hypophosphite (SHP) acts as a reducing agent to supply the electrons necessary for the EN process. 
The EN process allows for uniform plating thickness on not only metal objects, but also plastics and ceramics.

Chemical Intermediate – Sodium hypophosphite is used as a raw material in the production of other products, including Hypophosphorous Acid. 
Sodium hypophosphite may be used in synthetic organic chemistry, especially in deamination via reduction of diazo derivatives.

Reducing Agent – Sodium hypophosphite may be used as a reducing agent or antioxidant in chemical processing.

Analytical Reagent – Sodium Hypophosphite can be as use as an analytical reagent.

Polymerization Catalyst – Sodium hypophosphite is used as a catalyst in some polymerization reactions.

Polymer Stabilizer – Sodium hypophosphite is used as a stabilizer to prevent degradation of polymers during extrusion or in other heated processing.

Flame Retardant – Sodium Hypophosphite may be used as a partial fire retardant.

Ion Exchange Resin – Sodium hypophosphite will provide a source of electrons in resin regeneration.

Sodium hypophosphite is mainly used as a reductant in the chemical plating process. 
A dense and uniform nickel phosphorus film can be obtained on both large equipment and tiny components, as well as articles with complicated external shapes such as convex concave lines or internal walls with deep-hollows. 
Sodium hypophosphite is also used on the surface of non-metals such as plastics, ceramics, glass, etc. 
The film possesses surface hardness and abrasion resistance. 
Widely used in electronics, aviation mechanisms, and in petroleum fields. 
Additional used as an interface activator, a M.W. moderator, a thermo-stablizer for synthetic resins.

Properties:

White crystalline, colorless powder in appearance. 
Hydroscopic and deliquescent, easily soluble in water, glycerin and alcohol but not soluble in ether.

Storage
Sodium hypophosphite should be kept in a cool, dry place, isolated from oxidizing materials.

SYNONYMS:

SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE
Sodium phosphinate
Sodium phosphenite
sodium;oxido(oxo)phosphanium
CHEMBL2146115
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE [MI]
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE [FCC]
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE [HSDB]
SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE [WHO-DD]
AKOS025244065
Q2090740