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Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is an anionic surfactant, and is a typical representative of sulphate-based surfactant.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is abbreviated as SDS, and also known as AS, K12, coco alcohol sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate and foaming agent.
The commercial products are usually white to light yellow crystalline powder.
CAS: 151-21-3
MF: C12H26O4S.Na
MW: 289.39
EINECS: 205-788-1
Synonyms
LAURYL SULFATE SODIUM SALT;LAURYL SODIUM SULFATE;LAURYL SULFATE, SODIUM;LAURYL SULFATE NA-SALT;IPC-SDS;DODECYLSULFURIC ACID SODIUM SALT;DODECYL SULFATE SODIUM;DODECYL SULFATE SODIUM SALT
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is non-toxic, slightly soluble in alcohol, insoluble in chloroform and ether, soluble in water, and has good anionic and nonionic complex compatibility.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate has good emulsibility, foamability, and foaming, infiltrating, decontaminating and dispersing properties.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is abundant in foams and quickly biodegradable, and has solubility next only to fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulphate (abbreviated as AES).
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is not sensitive to alkali and hard water, but its stability is inferior to general sulfonate under acidic conditions and is close to AES.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is not favorable to exceed 95 °C upon long-term heating, and its irritation is at the middle level among surfactants, with an irritation index of 3.3 for a 10% solution, which is higher than AES and lower than sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (abbreviated as LAS).
Toxicity LD50 is 1300mg/kg.
There is no evidence that Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is carcinogenic, but high doses may indeed irritate the skin.
However, in general sanitary products the concentration is limited when used as a forming agent, and is in line with national standards.
So there is no need to concern.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is a major component of detergent.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is usually used in the DNA extraction process to separate DNA after protein denaturation. It is often misread as sodium dodecyl sulfonate.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is widely used as a foaming agent in toothpaste, soap, shower gel, shampoo, detergent and cosmetics. 95% of personal care products and household cleaning products contain sodium lauryl sulfate.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is an organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate has a role as a detergent and a protein denaturant.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate contains a dodecyl sulfate.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is prepared by sulfation of lauryl alcohol, followed by neutralization with sodium carbonate.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is a clear, light yellow, viscous liquid and soluble in water.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is one of the most significant anionic surfactants, classified as a fatty alcohol sulfate salt.
Like other fatty alcohol sulfates and fatty alcohol ether sulfates, Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is used for its surfactant properties, with molecules featuring both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate's adjustable properties make it suitable for a variety of applications, including those requiring high foaming, detergency, stability across a broad pH range, water solubility, or chemical compatibility.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate, usually contracted as sodium laureth sulfate, and also called sodium alkylethersulfate, is an anionic detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste, etc.) and for industrial uses.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is an inexpensive and very effective foaming agent.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate, ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS), and sodium pareth sulfate are surfactants that are used in many cosmetic products for their cleaning and emulsifying properties.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is derived from palm kernel oil or coconut oil.
In herbicides, Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is used as a surfactant to improve absorption of the herbicidal chemicals and reduces time the product takes to be rainfast, when enough of the herbicidal agent will be absorbed.
The chemical formula for this family of surfactants is CH3(CH2)11(OCH2CH2)nOSO3Na.
Sometimes the number represented by n is specified in the name, for example laureth-2 sulfate.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is however heterogeneous in that the number of ethoxyl groups, where n is the mean.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is the most common one in commercial products.
Compared to the parent sSodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate, SLES is more surface-active owing to the presence of the ethoxy groups.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate Chemical Properties
Melting point: 204-207 °C (lit.)
Density: 1.03 g/mL at 20 °C
Bulk density: 490-560kg/m3
FEMA: 4437 | SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE
Fp: >100°C
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility: H2O: 0.1 M, clear to nearly clear, colorless to slightly yellow
Form: Powder or Crystals
Color: White to pale yellow
Odor: Slight fatty odour
PH Range: 7.2
PH: 6-9 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Biological source: synthetic (oragnic)
Water Solubility: ca. 150 g/L (20 ºC)
λmax λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.3
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.2
Merck: 14,8636
BRN: 3599286
InChIKey: DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
LogP: 1.600
CAS DataBase Reference: 151-21-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System: Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate (151-21-3)
Absorption: ≤0.1 at 280nm in water at 30mg/mL
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate consists of white or cream to pale yellow coloured crystals, flakes, or powder having a smooth feel, a soapy, bitter taste, and a faint odor of fatty substances.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is easily soluble in water.
Uses
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is an emulsifier and whipping aid that has a solubility of 1 g in 10 ml of water.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate functions as an emulsifier in egg whites.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is used as a whipping aid in marshmallows and angel food cake mix.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate also functions to aid in dissolving fumaric acid.
Wetting agent, detergent, especially in the textile industry.
Electrophoretic separation of proteins and lipids.
Ingredient of toothpastes.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate has excellent detergency, emulsification and foaming power, can be used as detergents and textile auxiliaries, and is also used as an anionic surfactant, toothpaste foaming agent, mine fire extinguishing agents, foaming agents for fire extinguishers, emulsion polymerization emulsifiers, emulsifying and dispersing agents for medical use, shampoo and other cosmetic products, wool detergent, detergent for silky class fine fabrics and flotation agent for metal beneficiation.
GB 2760-96 stipulates as processing aids for food industry.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate used as foaming agents; emulsifying agents; and anionic surfactants.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is used for cakes, drinks, proteins, fruits, fruit juice, and edible oil, and so on.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is used as surfactants, detergents, foaming agents, and wetting agents, and so on.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is used as relatively low-level ion-pairing reagents, and is cheaper than sodium heptanesulfonate and sodium pentanesulfonate when less demanding.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is used as raw material for modifying materials.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is used as additives in capillary electrophoresis analysis and is generally used as molar solution.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is also used in other analysis such as flow column analysis.
Pharmaceutical Applications
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is an anionic surfactant employed in a wide range of nonparenteral pharmaceutical formulations and cosmetics.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is a detergent and wetting agent effective in both alkaline and acidic conditions.
In recent years it has found application in analytical electrophoretic techniques: Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is one of the more widely used techniques for the analysis of proteins; and sodium lauryl sulfate has been used to enhance the selectivity of micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC).
Preparation
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate can be synthesized by reacting dodecyl alcohol with sulfur trioxide gas, followed by neutralization with sodium hydroxide.
The preparation of Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate involves the following steps: The reaction takes place in a vertical reactor at 32 °C.
Nitrogen gas is introduced through the gas vents at a flow rate of 85.9 L/min.
Lauryl alcohol is added at a flow rate of 58 g/min at 82.7 kPa.
Liquid sulfur trioxide is fed into the flash evaporator at 124.1 kPa, with a flow rate of 0.9072 kg/h and a flash temperature of 100 °C.
The sulfated product is quickly cooled to 50 °C, aged for 10-20 min, then neutralized with a base in a neutralization kettle controlled at 50 °C.
The pH is adjusted to 7-8.5, and the liquid product is spray dried to obtain a solid product.
Reactivity Profile
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is incompatible with strong oxidizers.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is also incompatible with cationic materials and with acids with pH below 2.5.
Salts, basic, such as Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate, are generally soluble in water.
The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydroxide ions and have pH's greater than 7.0.
They react as bases to neutralize acids.
These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of the bases in reactivity group 10 (Bases) and the neutralization of amines.
They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible.
Purification Methods
Purify this detergent by Soxhlet extraction with pet ether for 24hours, followed by dissolution in acetone/MeOH/H2O 90:5:5(v/v) and recrystallisation.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate has been purified by two recrystallisations from absolute EtOH, aqueous 95% EtOH, MeOH, isopropanol or a 1:1 mixture of EtOH/isopropanol to remove dodecanol, and dried under vacuum.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate has also been purified by repeatedly foaming whereby a 0.15% aqueous solution is made to foam and the foam is discarded, then the H2O is removed in vacuo and the residue is diluted to the required concentrations or by liquid-liquid extraction.
Dry it over silica gel.
For DNA work Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate should be dissolved in excess MeOH passed through an activated charcoal column and evaporated until it crystallises out.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate has also been purified by dissolving in hot 95% EtOH (14mL/g), filtering and cooling, then drying in a vacuum desiccator.
Alternatively, Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is crystallised from H2O, vacuum dried, washed with anhydrous Et2O and dried in vacuum again.
These operations are repeated five times.
Production
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate is prepared by ethoxylation of dodecyl alcohol, which is produced industrially from palm kernel oil or coconut oil.
The resulting ethoxylate is converted to a half ester of sulfuric acid, which is neutralized by conversion to the sodium salt.
The related surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate or Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinate (also known as sodium dodecyl sulfate or SDS) is produced similarly, but without the ethoxylation step.
Sodium lauryl ether sulfonate succinateare commonly used alternatives to SLES in consumer products.
