SODIUM LIGNOSULFONATE

Sodium lignosulfonate is a lignin-based anionic polymer that works as a strong dispersant and binder in many industrial formulations.
Sodium lignosulfonate's sulfonated structure helps solid particles separate more evenly in water, making it valuable in concrete, ceramics, agrochemicals, pigments, and feed pellets.
Sodium lignosulfonate is especially useful when a formulation needs better dispersion, improved workability, dust reduction, and renewable-source additive performance.

CAS Number: 8061-51-6
EC Number: 617-124-1
Molecular Formula: C20H24Na2O10S2
Molecular Mass: 534.5 g/mol

Synonyms: Sodium lignosulfonate, 8061-51-6, Lignosulfonic acid, sodium salt, Lignosulfonic acid sodium salt, SODIUM LIGNINSULFONATE, Sodium lignosulfonate,, SCHEMBL29087325, FL41055, Lignosulfonic acid, sugared sodium salt, AHR 2438B, ARBO AO2, ARBO SO1, ARBO TDS, Betz 402, Borresperse NA, Borrsperse N, D 419-6, Diwatex 30FKP, Flowpro 1512, HR 5, HR 5 (cement additive), Kelig 100, Kelig 400, Lignopol, Lignosite 431, Lignosite 458, Lignosite 854, Lignosol, Lignosol AXD, Lignosol D 10, Lignosol DXD, Lignosol FTA, Lignosol NSX 110, Lignosol SFX 65, Lignosol X, Lignosol X 50, Lignosol XD, Lsu, Lsu (lignosulfate), Maracell C, Maracell E, Maracell XC 2, Maracell XE, Marasperse B, Marasperse CBA 1, Marasperse CBO, Marasperse CBOS 4, Marasperse CBS, Marasperse CBX 2, Marasperse N, Marasperse N 22, Neocobaltin PNA 11, Newkalgen RX-B, Norlig 12, NorthQuest 5573, Orzan CD, Orzan LS, Orzan S, Orzan SL 50, Pearllex CP, Pearllex N, Peritan NA, Polyfon, Polyfon F, Polyfon H, Polyfon HUN, Polyfon O, Polyfon T, Pozzolith 100XR, Pozzolith 70, Raycote, Raylig 260LR, Raymix, Reax 05A, Reax 45A, Reax 80C, Reax 81A, Reax 82, Reax 825E, Reax 83A, Reax 83C, Reax 85A, Reax 85C, Reax 88B, Reax 905, Reax 95A, Reax 98B, Reax SR 1, Reveal NM, Reveal SM, Reveal SM 5, Reveal WM, STARLIG AM95G, STARLIG AML, STARLIG CA592G, STARLIG CA6G, STARLIG CWA, STARLIG K18, STARLIG N10, STARLIG N12, STARLIG N9, STARLIG NA2G, STARLIG NA98S, STARLIG Na8GB, San-X P 213, San-X P 252, San-X P 550, San-X P 552, Sanekis P 550, Sanflo GR, Sodalig, Sodium ligninsulfonate, Sodium lignosulfite, Sodium lignosulfonate, Sodium lignosulfonic acid, Sodium lignosulfonic acids, Sulfonated lignin sodium salt, Temsperse P 2000, Temsperse S 001, UF 10000A, Ufoxane 3, Ufoxane 3A, UfoxaneE 2, Ultramix, Ultrazine NA, Ultrazine NAS, Urzan S, Vanicell, Vanillex HW, Vanillex N, Vanisperse A, Wanin S, Wanin SR, Zewa EF 220, Zewa S 210, Zewa SL

Sodium lignosulfonate is a water-soluble anionic lignin derivative obtained from the sulfite pulping process of wood.
Sodium lignosulfonate is a polymeric sulfonated lignin salt with dispersing, binding, chelating, emulsifying, and plasticizing properties.

Because it contains sulfonate and phenolic lignin structures, Sodium lignosulfonate can adsorb onto solid particles and improve their dispersion in aqueous systems.
Sodium lignosulfonate is widely used in concrete admixtures, agrochemical formulations, ceramics, animal feed pellets, dyes, pigments, dust control, and industrial binder systems.

Sodium lignosulfonate is used in the food industry as a de-foaming agent for paper production and in adhesives for items that come in contact with food.
Sodium lignosulfonate has preservative properties, and is used as an ingredient in animal feeds.

Sodium lignosulfonate is also used for construction, ceramics, mineral powder, chemical industry, textile industry (leather), metallurgical industry, petroleum industry, fire-retardant materials, rubber vulcanization, organic polymerization.
Sodium lignosulfonate is a pepsin inhibitor.

Water Reducing Agent:
Lignosulfonate is a water-soluble multi-functional polymer electrolyte, belonging to a lignin sulfonate and having the capability of dispersion of biological slime, oxidizing iron scale and calcium phosphate scale.
Sodium lignosulfonate can also form a stable complex with zinc ions and calcium ions.

Sodium lignosulfonate and calcium lignosulfonate are commonly used water-reducing agents in multifunctional concrete waterproofing agent.
When water-reducing agent is added into concrete, the hydrophobic group of water-reducing agent will be adsorbed on the surface of cement particle while the hydrophilic group will be pointed to the aqueous solution to form a single molecule or multi-molecule adsorption film, making the cement particles be dispersed due to the rejection from the same surface charge, being released of excess amount of water between particles in order to achieve the purpose of water reduction.

At the same time, due to lowering the water surface tension and the interfacial tension between the cement particles, while maintaining the same fluidity, Sodium lignosulfonate will correspondingly cause reduction in water consumption, and thus also play a role in water reduction.
Sodium lignosulfonate can significantly reduce the hydration of concrete, reduce porosity and increase the density of concrete, thereby greatly improving the strength and impermeability of concrete.

Sodium lignosulfonate is a series of natural compounds of molecular weight of 1000~30000.
Sodium lignosulfonate is produced from the wasted pulp after fermentation alcohol extraction, followed by the neutralization with alkali.

There are mainly calcium lignosulfonate, sodium lignosulfonate and magnesium lignosulfonate, of which the most widely used calcium lignosulfonate, is made of pulp waste.
This kind of water-reducing agent is rich in raw material with simple manufacturing process and low price, and is widely used in domestic, accounting for 80% of the total output of water reducing agent.
But its effect is not very good with bleed air and retarding effect, belonging to the ordinary water reducing agent, and will yield excellent result if used in combination with strength agent.

Uses of Sodium Lignosulfonate:
Sodium lignosulfonate is used as a dispersant, emulsion stabilizer, chelator, and ore flotation agent.
Sodium lignosulfonate is also used to enhance PCBs biodegradation, as a concrete additive, in oil well drilling muds, as a soil stabilizer and road binder, to modify viscosity of molasses in animal feeds, as a binder (ceramics, bricks, and refractories), and as a veterinary medication.

Sodium lignosulfonate is used as a dispersant, binder, plasticizer, water-reducing agent, and formulation aid.
In concrete and cement systems, Sodium lignosulfonate disperses cement particles, improves workability, and can reduce the amount of mixing water required.

In agrochemical formulations, Sodium lignosulfonate can be used as a dispersant in wettable powders and as a binder for seed treatment coatings.
Sodium lignosulfonate is also used in ceramics, refractory slurries, dyes, pigments, animal feed pellets, adhesives, and dust-control products.

Sodium lignosulfonate is mainly used as cement water-reducing agent, leading to the diffusion of group of cement so that the water content is precipitated out, increasing its mobility, thereby reducing the mixing water, and saving cement.
When being used in the formulation of the oil drilling pulp, Sodium lignosulfonate can be used to reduce mud viscosity and shear force to control the mobility of drilling mud.

In this case, the inorganic mud and inorganic salt impurities remain in the suspension state in the drilling, preventing the mud flocculation.
Sodium lignosulfonate also has prominent salt resistance, anti-calcium and high temperature resistance.
Sodium lignosulfonate can also be used as concrete water-reducing agent, oil drilling mud dispersant, printing and dyeing.

Industry Uses:
Dispersing agent
Binder
Defoamer
Plasticizer
Viscosity modifiers
Stabilizing agent

Chemical Properties of Sodium Lignosulfonate:
Sodium lignosulfonate appears as brown powder or liquid with no special smell.
Sodium lignosulfonate is non-toxic, being easily soluble in water and alkali.

Sodium lignosulfonate undergoes precipitation upon coming across acid.
Sodium lignosulfonate has a strong ability to disperse.

Mechanism of Action of Sodium Lignosulfonate:
Most of the water-reducing agent is surface-active agent.
Therefore, the mechanism of sodium lignosulfonate is the effect of surface activity.

Surfactants are organic compounds whose molecules have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups.
Hydrophobic groups are various alkyl or alkaryl groups; hydrophilic groups are typically salts capable of dissociating ions.

Depending on the dissociation of the ions by the hydrophilic groups, the surfactants can be classified into anionic surfactants; cationic surfactants; amphoteric surfactants; and nonionic surfactants.
When the surfactant is added into the aqueous solution, the surface tension (water-gas phase) and the interfacial tension (water-solid phase) of the water can be reduced, and the surface activity can be reduced.

From the physical and chemical sense, the surface active agent refers to materials, when added to the aqueous solution, has its surface solution depth be greater than the depth of the solution itself, leaving the surface tension reduced.
After addition of the water reducing agent, lignosulfonate to the concrete, the water-repellent group of the water-reducing agent is directly adsorbed on the surface of the cement particles, and the hydrophilic group is directed to the aqueous solution, which makes up the adsorption film of single molecule or multi-molecule.

In the case, the cement particles are repelled and dispersed due to the same charge on the surface, releasing from excess water between particles to achieve the purpose of water reduction.
At the same time, due to lowering the water surface tension and interfacial tension between the cement particles, while maintaining the same fluidity, the corresponding reduction in water consumption, and thus also play an effect on water reduction.

Production method of Sodium Lignosulfonate:
This is the same to the water reducing agent MY.

Calcium bisulfite pulping process:
The sulfite or bisulfate contained in the pulp slurry binds directly with the hydroxyl contained in the lignin molecules to produce lignin sulfonate.
10% lime milk was added to the waste liquid and heated at (95 ± 2) ° C for 30 min.

Have the calcium solution stand for a while and filter out the precipitate, wash with water and add sulfuric acid.
Filtrate to remove calcium sulfate.

Na2CO3 was then added to the filtrate to convert calcium lignosulfonate to sodium sulfonate.
A reaction temperature of 90 ℃ is appropriate.

After 2h of reaction, stand, filter to remove impurities such as calcium sulfate.
The filtrate is concentrated, cooled and crystallized to obtain the product.

Take the papermaking waste liquid obtained from the alkali pulp as raw material.
First add concentrated sulfuric acid to the waste solution to about 50%, stir for 4~6 h.

And then use lime milk, sedimentation, filtration, beating and acid dissolving, add sodium carbonate for conversion, concentration and drying to get the final product.
Take the waste liquid obtained from grass pulping method as raw materials.

Stability and Reactivity of Sodium Lignosulfonate:

Chemical stability:
Sodium lignosulfonate is stable under normal handling and storage conditions.

Reactivity:
No hazardous reaction is expected under normal industrial use.

Conditions to avoid:
Excessive heat, moisture exposure, dust formation, contamination, and unsuitable storage conditions should be avoided.

Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents and highly reactive chemicals should be avoided.

Hazardous decomposition products:
Thermal decomposition or fire may produce carbon oxides, sulfur oxides, and irritating fumes.

Handling and Storage of Sodium Lignosulfonate:

Handling:
Sodium lignosulfonate should be handled according to good industrial hygiene and dust-control practices.

Safe handling:
Avoid dust formation and avoid breathing airborne powder.

Storage:
Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.

Container:
Keep containers tightly closed when not in use.

Storage protection:
Protect from moisture, direct heat, and incompatible materials.

First Aid Measures of Sodium Lignosulfonate:

Inhalation:
Move the person to fresh air.

Skin contact:
Rinse skin with water.

Eye contact:
Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.

Ingestion:
Rinse mouth and call a doctor if the person feels unwell.

Firefighting Measures of Sodium Lignosulfonate:

Suitable extinguishing media:
Water spray, foam, dry chemical powder, or carbon dioxide may be used.

Fire hazards:
The product is not highly flammable, but dust and organic residue may burn under fire conditions.

Special hazards:
Combustion may produce carbon oxides and sulfur oxides.

Protective equipment:
Firefighters should wear protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus.

Accidental Release Measures of Sodium Lignosulfonate:

Personal precautions:
Avoid dust formation and avoid contact with eyes.

Environmental precautions:
Prevent large quantities from entering drains, soil, or surface waters.

Cleanup method:
Sweep or vacuum carefully while minimizing dust.

Disposal:
Dispose of collected material according to local regulations.

Exposure Controls / Personal Protection of Sodium Lignosulfonate:

Engineering controls:
Use adequate ventilation or local dust extraction.

Eye protection:
Safety glasses are recommended.

Hand protection:
Protective gloves are recommended for prolonged handling.

Skin protection:
Suitable work clothing is recommended.

Respiratory protection:
Use dust respiratory protection if airborne powder exposure may occur.

Identifiers of Sodium Lignosulfonate:
CAS number: 8061-51-6
EC number: 617-124-1
Molecular formula: C20H24Na2O10S2
Molecular mass: 534.5 g/mol

CAS Number: 8061-51-6
ChemSpider: 78432514
ECHA InfoCard: 100.111.815
EC Number: 617-124-1
PubChem CID: 25113562
UNII: XY2KOA860T
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID5025499
InChI: InChI=1S/C20H26O10S2.2Na/c1-28-18-7-3-6-15(20(18)21)12-16(13-32(25,26)27)30-17-9-8-14(11-19(17)29-2)5-4-10-31(22,23)24;;/h3,6-9,11,16,21H,4-5,10,12-13H2,1-2H3,(H,22,23,24)(H,25,26,27);;/q;2*+1/p-2/t16-;;/m1../s1
Key: YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-GGMCWBHBSA-L
SMILES: COC1=CC=CC(=C1O)C[C@H](CS(=O)(=O)[O-])OC2=C(C=C(C=C2)CCCS(=O)(=O)[O-])OC.[Na+].[Na+]

Product Name: Sodium lignosulfonate
CAS: 8061-51-6
MF: C20H24Na2O10S2
MW: 534.51

Properties of Sodium Lignosulfonate:
Chemical formula: Variable
Appearance: Brown powder
Density: ~ 0.5 g/cm3
Melting point: Decomposes

Appearance: Brown to yellow-brown powder
Odor: Slight characteristic odor
Physical form: Powder or granules
Water solubility: Soluble in water

solubility: H2O: soluble
form: powder to crystal
color: Black
PH: 3.5 (10wt. %)
Odor: Slight characteristic odor
Water Solubility: H2O: soluble
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions: SURFACTANT - CLEANSING
InChIKey: YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-UHFFFAOYSA-L
SMILES: [Na+].[Na+].[S](=O)(=O)([O-])CCCc1cc(c(cc1)OC(C[S](=O)(=O)O)Cc2c(c(ccc2)OC)[O-])OC

Product Name: Sodium Lignosulfonate
Chemical Formula: C20H24Na2O10S2
Cas No: 8061-51-6
EINESC No: 617-124-1
UN No: Not subject to transport regulations
Physical Properties: Brown Solid Powder
Odor: Characteristic
Molecular Weight: 534.5 g/mol
Density: 0.5 g/cm3
Solubility: Soluble in water

PH (1% water solution): 9—13
Dispersion force in high temperature, grade: A-4
Thermal Stability （150℃, grade: 4-5
Insolubles in water, % ≤: 0.3
Sodium sulphate, % ≤: 5

Molecular Weight: 534.5 g/mol
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 10
Rotatable Bond Count: 10
Exact Mass: 534.06062787 Da
Monoisotopic Mass: 534.06062787 Da
Topological Polar Surface Area: 179 Ų
Heavy Atom Count: 34
Complexity: 732
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes