PRODUCTS

SODIUM PERSULPHATE

Sodium persulfate is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2S2O8. Peroxydisulfuric acid, an oxidizing agent, is the sodium salt of H2S2O8. It is a white solid that dissolves in water. It is almost non-hygroscopic and has a good shelf life.

CAS NO:7775-27-1
EC NO:231-892-1

SYNONYMS
Dinatriumperoxodisulfat;disodium peroxodisulfate;disodium peroxodisulphate;Disodium peroxydisulfate;Disodium persulfate

CAS NO:7775-27-1
EC NO:231-892-1

SYNONYMS
Dinatriumperoxodisulfat;disodium peroxodisulfate;disodium peroxodisulphate;Disodium peroxydisulfate;Disodium persulfate;NATRIUMPERSULFAT(NA2S2O8);Peroxodisulfate de disodium;peroxodisulfato de disodio;Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), disodium salt;Peroxydisulfuric acid ([(HO)S(O)2]2O2), disodium salt;Peroxydisulfuric acid ([(HO)S(O)2]2O2), sodium salt (1:2);PEROXYDISULFURIC ACID, DISODIUM SALT;PEROXYDISULFURIC ACID, SODIUM SALT;Sodium dipersulfate;Sodium peroxodisulfate;Sodium peroxydisulfate;Sodium peroxydisulfate (Na2S2O8);Sodium persulfate;Sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8);SP;SP (peracid);SPS;UN 1505;UN 1505;PERSULPHATES;SODIUM PERSULFATE;SODIUM PERSULPHATE;persulfatedesodium;SodiumPersulphateGr;Natriumperoxodisulfat;SODIUM PEROXODISULFATE;SODIUM PEROXYDISULFATE;SodiumPersulphate,>98%;Sodium peroxidisulfate;sodium persulfate;Sodium persulfate;7775-27-1;Sodium peroxydisulfate;Sodium peroxodisulfate;Disodium peroxodisulphate;Peroxydisulfuric acid, disodium salt;sodium persulphate;UNII-J49FYF16JE;Persulfate de sodium [French];EINECS 231-892-1;Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), disodium salt;CAS-7775-27-1;Persulfate de sodium;Sodium peroxydisulphate;Peroxydisulfuric acid (((HO)S(O)2)2O2), sodium salt (1:2);Peroxydisulfuric acid ([(HO)S(O)2]2O2), sodium salt (1:2);Sodium persulfate;MFCD00003501;sodium peroxidisulfate;Sodium peroxy disulfate;Na2S2O8;EC 231-892-1;Sodium persulfate [UN1505] [Oxidizer];Sodium persulfate [UN1505] [Oxidizer];LS-102480;disodium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide;Sodium peroxodisulfate; disodium peroxodisulphate; disodium oxidooxysulfonyl sulfate; Disodium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide; disodium sulfonatooxy sulfate, Peroxydisulfuric acid, disodium salt

CAS NO:7775-27-1
EC NO:231-892-1

Salt is prepared by electrolytic oxidation of sodium hydrogen sulfate:

2 NaHSO4 ›Na2S2O8 + H2
Oxidation takes place at a platinum anode. In this way, approximately 165,000 tons were produced in 2005.

The standard redox potential of sodium persulfate to hydrogen sulphate is 2.1 V, which is higher than hydrogen peroxide (1.8 V) but lower than ozone (2.2 V). The sulfate radical formed in situ has a standard electrode potential of 2.7 V.

However, there are several disadvantages to using platinum anodes to produce salts; The production process is inefficient due to the formation of oxygen and the product may contain contaminants from platinum corrosion (mainly due to the excessively oxidizing nature of the sulfate radical). Therefore, boron-doped diamond electrodes have been proposed as an alternative to conventional platinum electrodes.

It is mainly used as a radical initiator for emulsion polymerization reactions for styrene based polymers such as Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. It is also applicable for accelerated curing of low formaldehyde adhesives.

Other uses
It is a bleach both as a standalone (especially in hair cosmetics) and as a detergent component. It replaces ammonium persulfate in etching mixtures for zinc and printed circuit boards and is used for acid cleaning of copper and some other metals.

It is also used as a soil conditioner and for soil and groundwater remediation and in the production of dyes, starch modification, bleach activator, desizing agent for oxidative desizing, etc. Is used.

Organic chemistry
Sodium persulfate is a special oxidizing agent in chemistry classically in Elbs persulfate oxidation and Boyland-Sims oxidation reactions. It is also used in radical reactions; For example, in the synthesis of a diaposine from aposine, where iron (II) sulfate is the radical initiator.

Salt is an oxidizer and forms flammable mixtures with organic materials such as paper. Strong reducing agents such as magnesium can form explosive compounds when mixed.

Sodium Persulfate Properties
Melting point: 100 ° C
Density 2.4 g / cm3
degree of storage. Store between + 15 ° C and + 25 ° C.
solubility H2O: 1 M at 20 ° C, clear, colorless
Solid form
color White to yellow
Specific Weight2.4
Odor Odorless
PH3.5-3.8 (100 g / l, H20, 20C)
PH Range 2.5 - 4.0
Water Solubility 550 g / L (20 C)

Stability: Stability Unstable. Strong oxidizer. Contact with flammable material may cause fire. Incompatible with flammable material, strong reducing agents, strong bases, alcohols, aluminum, magnesium. Protect from moisture.

Physical and chemical properties
Sodium persulfate, also known as sodium peroxydisulfate, is an odorless, tasteless white crystal or crystalline powder. The formula is Na2S2O8, the relative molecular mass is 238.13. Gradual decomposition at room temperature, heating in ethanol or rapid decomposition, decomposition to release oxygen and produce sodium pyrosulfate. Moisture and platinum black, silver, lead, iron, copper, magnesium, nickel, manganese and other metal ions or their alloys can accelerate the degradation, decompose rapidly and emit hydrogen peroxide at high temperature (about 200C). It is soluble in water (70.4, 20C).

Odium persulfate has a strong oxidizer. There is a strong irritation on the skin, prolonged contact with the skin may cause allergies, attention should be paid to this during the operation. Rat oral LD50 is 895mg / kg. It should be sealed storage. To obtain sodium persulfate in the laboratory, heat ammonium persulfate and sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate solution to remove carbon dioxide and ammonia.
Strong oxidants
With strong oxidation, Sodium persulfate can be used as a g agent that can oxidize Cr3 +, Mn2 + and the like to the corresponding compound in high oxidation state in the presence of Ag +, which can promote the oxidation reaction. Due to its oxidizing properties, it can be used as bleach, metal surface treatment agent, chemical reagents, pharmaceutical raw materials, battery accelerator and initiator, and emulsion polymerization.
Uses
Sodium persulfate is used both alone (especially in hair cosmetics) and as a detergent ingredient as a bleach. It replaces ammonium persulfate in etching mixtures for zinc and printed circuit boards and is used for acid cleaning of copper and some other metals. It is a source of free radicals, which makes it eg. for emulsion polymerization reactions and accelerated curing of low formaldehyde adhesives. Sodium persulfate is also used as a soil conditioner and in dyestuff production, starch modification, bleach activator, desizing agent for oxidative desizing, etc. Is used.

Sulfur dyes color forming agent used as soft metal surface corrosion agents of printed circuit board and textile desizing agents for waste processing in the photographic industry.
Preparation method
1. Electrolytic oxidation of aqueous ammonium sulfate solution is to obtain ammonium persulfate, and then after the removal of ammonia by-product, it is concentrated under reduced pressure, crystallization, drying to make metathesis reaction with sodium hydroxide, and then obtain sodium. sulfate.
(NH4) 2S2O8 + 2NaOH. Na2S2O8 + 2NH3 + 2H2O.
2. Dithionic acid can be prepared by electrolysis of cold sulfuric acid, which reacts with alkali and then obtains sodium sulfate.
2HSO4--2e ›H2S2O8
H2S2O8 + 2NaOH ›Na2S2O8 + 2H2O

storage
Sodium persulfate is a strong oxidizer and a severe irritant to the skin, eyes and respiratory system. It is almost non-hygroscopic and has a particularly good long-term storage capability. It is easy to use and safe. It is not flammable but easily releases oxygen and helps other materials to burn.
Conditions / substances to avoid mixing persulfates are: moisture, heat, flame, sources of ignition, shock, friction, reducing agents, organic material, sodium peroxide, aluminum and powder metals.
Chemical properties
White, crystalline powder. It is soluble in water; broken with alcohol; decomposes in humid air.
Uses
Bleaching and oxidizing agent; Supporter for emulsion polymerization reactions.
General description
A white crystalline solid. It is very irritating to skin and eyes. May be toxic by absorption through the skin. It is used as a bleaching agent.
Air and Water Reactions
It is soluble in water. It decomposes slowly in humid air.
Reactivity Profile
Sodium persulfate is a powerful oxidizing agent. Reacts with many combustible substances and reducing agents, often strongly enough to initiate fire or cause explosions. Decomposes gradually under ordinary conditions. Decomposition is promoted by moisture and heat. It is decomposed by alcohol and silver ions.
Danger
If swallowed, it irritates the tissue strongly.
Health hazard
Inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors or substances may cause serious injury, burns or death. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and / or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water can cause pollution.
Fire danger
When these substances get involved in the fire, they will accelerate the burning. Some may decompose explosively when heated or involved in a fire. May explode from heat or pollution. Some of them will react explosively with hydrocarbons (fuels). Can ignite flammable materials (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Containers may explode when heated. Runoff can create a fire or explosion hazard.

Sodium Persulfate is a moderately water and acid soluble source of Sodium for uses compatible with sulfates. Sulfate compounds are salts or esters of sulfuric acid formed by replacing one or both of the hydrogens with a metal. Most metal sulfate compounds are readily soluble in water for uses such as water treatment, unlike fluorides and oxides, which tend to be insoluble. Organometallic forms dissolve in organic solutions and sometimes in both aqueous and organic solutions. Metallic ions can also be dispersed using suspended or coated nanoparticles and deposited using sputter targets and evaporation materials for uses such as solar cells and fuel cells. Sodium Persulfate is usually readily available on most skins. High purity, submicron and nano powder forms can be considered. We also produce Sodium Sulphate Solution. American Elements manufactures many standard grades, including Mil Spec (military grade), when applicable; ACS, Reactive and Technical Grade; Food, Agriculture and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade follows USP and EP / BP (European Pharmacopoeia / British Pharmacopoeia) and related ASTM testing standards. Typical and special packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information is available as well as a Reference Calculator for converting relevant measurement units.

Applications
Persulfates are key ingredients in many industrial processes and commercial products.
The polymer industry uses aqueous persulfate solutions as initiators in the polymerization of latex and synthetic rubber. The electronics industry accepts sodium persulfate as an efficient micro-merchant in the production of printed circuit boards. The following examples further illustrate the chemical versatility of persulfates.

Polymerization

Plastics and rubber - Ammonium, potassium and sodium persulfates are used as initiators for emulsion polymerization reactions in the preparation of acrylics, polyvinyl chlorides, polystyrenes and neoprene.
They are used as polymerization initiators in the production of synthetic rubber (styrene butadiene and isoprene) for automobile and truck tires.
Persulfate starter is used to prepare latex polymers for paints, coatings and carpet backing.

Structural materials - Persulfates are used as initiators in polymeric concrete formulations.

Inorganic chemicals and minerals - Persulfates are also initiators for polymeric coating of graphite filaments.

Soil stabilization - Ammonium persulfate is used as a curing agent in chemical mortar systems used to stabilize soil near dams, tunnels and buildings.

Oxidation

Surface preparation - The oxidation power of persulfates is used to clean and micro-etch various printed circuit board substrates. They are also corrosive to nickel, titanium and zinc alloys. Persulfates are used to clean and grind aluminum, brass, copper and many other metal surfaces before coating or bonding. Persulfates absorb carbon and charcoal before and after use.

Cosmetics - The cosmetics industry has developed formulations that use persulfates to improve hair bleaching performance.

Organic synthesis - Persulfates are oxidizing agents in the preparation of aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, quinones and various other compounds.
Other Applications

Adhesive - Persulfates are used in the preparation of adhesive films and metal adhesives.

Gas and oil production - Persulfates are used in enhanced oil recovery, a "down hole" for gel forming and breaking.

Inks, pigments, and dispersants - Persulfates are used to inoculate substrates into polymers (e.g. carbon black to sodium acrylate). It is used in the preparation of dispersants for persulfates, inkjet and toner formulations.

Mining - Persulfates can be used in nickel and cobalt separation processes.

Peroxymonosulfate - FMC has developed a process that uses ammonium and sodium persulfates to prepare peroxymonosulfate solutions. This patented process allows the fast, efficient and on-site production of an alternative to Caro's acid and potassium caroate.

Photography - Used in many photographic applications including persulfates, bleaching solutions, solution regeneration, equipment cleaning and waste.
water purification.

Pulp and paper - Persulfates are used in the sizing of paper, the preparation of binders and coatings, and the production of specialty papers. Active alkali metal persulfate effectively repels neutral / alkali wet strength breakage and decolorizes dyes and optical brighteners.

Textile - Ammonium and sodium persulfates are used in the desizing and bleaching of textiles and in the development of dyestuffs.

Swimming pools - Clear Advantage® shock treatment, swimming pools and other recreational water.It is used to oxidize non-filterable wastes. Clear Advantage® shock purifies water and prevents the formation of compound chlorine.

Environmental - Persulfates are very strong oxidants, have an excellent shelf life when properly stored and are economical
to use. These properties make persulfates suitable for various environmental applications such as soil remediation and
wastewater / groundwater cleaning.