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Sodium tetraborate decahydrate, commonly known as borax, is a versatile compound with a wide range of applications across various industries.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is recognized for its excellent buffering and pH-stabilizing properties, making it an essential ingredient in detergents, cosmetics, and personal care products.
In the agricultural sector, sodium tetraborate decahydrate serves as a crucial micronutrient for plants, promoting healthy growth and enhancing crop yields.
Additionally, sodium tetraborate decahydrate is utilized in glass and ceramics manufacturing, where it acts as a flux to lower melting points and improve the durability of finished products.
Cas No: 1303-96-4
EC Number: 215-540-4
Chemical Formula: Na₂B₄O₇*10 H₂O
Molar Mass: 381.32 g/mol
Other Names: 1303-96-4, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate (B4Na2O7.10H2O), Sodium borate decahydrate, Sodium pyroborate decahydrate, Antipyonin, Borascu, Boricin, Solubor, Tronabor, Jaikin, Neobor, Bura, Gerstley borate, Gertley borate, Boro-spray, 91MBZ8H3QO, Disodium tetraborate decahydrate, Sodium borate, decahydrate, Sodium biborate decahydrate, Boric acid (H2B4O7), disodium salt, decahydrate, Boron sodium oxide (B4Na2O7), decahydrate, sodium diborate, sodium meta borate, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate 200ck, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate 30C, RefChem:917461, Na(2)B(4)O(7) decahydrate, DTXSID2034384, 603-411-9, 615-285-2, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate, CHEBI:131366, CHEBI:38888, CHEBI:86222, Sodium Borate, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate, MFCD00149193, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate [ISO], disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane;decahydrate, DISODIUMTETRABORATETRIHYDRATE, 12447-40-4, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate granular, B4H20Na2O17, Puffed Sodium tetraborate decahydrate, Na2B4O7 decahydrate, 20 Mule Team Sodium tetraborate decahydrate, Sodium borate [JAN], Sodium tetraborate decahydrate [HPUS], Sodium tetraborate decahydrate [HSDB], Sodium borate [JAN:NF], UNII-91MBZ8H3QO, SODIUM BORATE [II], Sodium tetraborate decahydrate [EP MONOGRAPH], SCHEMBL108230, SODIUM BORATE [VANDF], CCRIS 4946, HSDB 328, CHEMBL3833375, CDMADVZSLOHIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N, DTXSID701014356, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate (Na2(B4O7).10H2O), AKOS015913997, AKOS030228672, SODIUM BORATE DECAHYDRATE [II], SODIUM BORATE DECAHYDRATE [MI], EBC-267055, FB01507, DA-51347, SODIUM BORATE DECAHYDRATE [WHO-DD], AI3-51683, NS00134784, Q5319, SODIUM BORATE (NA2B4O7), DECAHYDRATE, Sodium borate decahydrate (Na2B4O7.10H2O), Q26840931, Z330793292, Sodium bicyclo[3.3.1]tetraboroxane-3,7-bis(olate)--water (2/1/10), 1313726-63-4, 71377-02-1, Disodium 3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane decahydrate, disodium;3,7-bis(oxidanidyl)-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane;decahydrate
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate, commonly known as borax, is a versatile compound with a wide range of applications across various industries.
This white crystalline substance is recognized for its excellent solubility in water and its ability to act as a buffering agent, making it invaluable in pH control and as a mild antiseptic.
In the manufacturing sector, sodium tetraborate decahydrate is frequently utilized in glass and ceramics production, where it enhances the thermal and mechanical properties of the final products.
Additionally, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate serves as a key ingredient in detergents and cleaning agents, effectively boosting their cleaning power while being environmentally friendly.
In the agricultural field, sodium tetraborate decahydrate plays a crucial role as a micronutrient in fertilizers, promoting healthy plant growth and development.
Its antifungal properties also make Sodium tetraborate decahydrate a popular choice in wood preservation and pest control applications.
Researchers appreciate Sodium tetraborate decahydrate's utility in laboratory settings for various chemical syntheses and experiments.
With its multifaceted uses and benefits, sodium tetraborate decahydrate stands out as a reliable and effective compound for both industrial and research purposes.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate has many chemical properties that contribute to its cleaning power.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate and other borates clean and bleach by converting some water molecules to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
This reaction is more favourable in hotter water.
The pH of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is about 9.5, so it produces a basic solution in water, thereby increasing the effectiveness of bleach and other cleaners.
In other chemical reactions, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate acts as a buffer, maintaining a stable pH needed to maintain cleansing chemical reactions.
The boron, salt, and/or oxygen of boron inhibit the metabolic processes of many organisms.
This characteristic allows Sodium tetraborate decahydrate to disinfect and kill unwanted pests.
Borates bonds with other particles to keep ingredients dispersed evenly in a mixture, which maximizes the surface area of active particles to enhance cleaning power.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate also known as borax, sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate is a naturally occurring compound.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is mostly used as a cleaning aid especially for laundry (softening the water).
As a cleaning aid, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is also used as dishwasher detergent, as floor and wall cleaner, and to clean outdoor furniture, toilet, porcelain sinks, stains from stainless steel.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate can be used for parasite control to keep ants, water bugs, and cockroaches away and help dogs with mange and people with a variety of parasite problems including lice and mites.
Due to Sodium tetraborate decahydrate's alkalinity and antifungal properties, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is used in hair care products to heal chronic and embarrassing scalp conditions.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is also used as a remedy for health problems (arthritis, osteoporosis, bone spurs, calcium deposits, lupus, autoimmune disease, hormone imbalances, fungus, candida, ringworm, tinea versicolor, insomnia, rough skin).
Furthermore, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is applied as a fire retardant, as a flux in metallurgy, as a precursor for other boron compounds, as anti-fungal compound for fiberglass and cellulose insulation, to make buffer solutions in biochemistry, and to make indelible ink for dip pens by dissolving shellac into heated Sodium tetraborate decahydrate.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is used in detergents, cosmetics, and enamel glazes.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is likewise employed to prepare buffer solutions in biochemistry, as a fire retardant, anti-fungal compound, in the manufacture of fiberglass, as a flux in metallurgy, neutron-capture shields for radioactive sources, a texturing agent in cooking, and as a harbinger for other boron compounds.
The molten Sodium tetraborate decahydrate bath is useful for carbide coating process on metals.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is applied as an efficient metal-free catalyst for Hetero-Michael reactions in an aqueous medium.
Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate is more popularly known as Sodium tetraborate decahydrate.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is often used as a buffering agent.
Sodium Tetraborate decahydrate is utilized as a cleaning agent, especially for laundry purposes.
Researchers may employ Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate for surface treatment purposes, such as cleaning, etching, or modifying the surface properties of materials.
Sodium Tetraborate decahydrate serves as a preservative and pH buffer.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate helps extend the shelf life of certain products and maintains their desired pH levels.
Sodium tetraborate, commonly known as borax, is an inorganic compound with the formula (Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O).
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate appears as colorless crystals and is the sodium salt of boric acid, highly soluble in water.
Thanks to its low toxicity and fluxing properties, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is a valuable component in numerous industrial applications.
When heated, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate loses its crystal water and transitions to an anhydrous form at temperatures between 300–400°C.
A distinctive feature of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is that it colors flames green, a common trait of boron compounds. Sodium tetraborate decahydrate occurs naturally as a mineral, including native Sodium tetraborate decahydrate and its partially dehydrated forms, such as tincalconite and kernite.
With a Mohs hardness of 2–2.5, it is considered a relatively soft mineral.
Other names for Sodium tetraborate decahydrate include Sodium tetraborate decahydrate Decahydrate, Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate, Disodium Tetraborate Decahydrate, Sodium Tetraborate, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate, E285.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is a salt (ionic compound) normally encountered as a hydrated borate of sodium, with the chemical formula Na2H20B4O17.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate mineral is a crystalline borate mineral that occurs in only a few places worldwide in quantities that enable it to be mined economically.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate can be dehydrated by heating into other forms with less water of hydration.
The anhydrous form of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate can also be obtained from the decahydrate or other hydrates by heating and then grinding the resulting glasslike solid into a powder.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is a white crystalline solid that dissolves in water to make a basic solution due to the tetraborate anion.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is commonly available in powder or granular form and has many industrial and household uses, including as a pesticide, as a metal soldering flux, as a component of glass, enamel, and pottery glazes, for tanning of skins and hides, for artificial aging of wood, as a preservative against wood fungus, as a food additive, and as a pharmaceutic alkalizer.
In chemical laboratories Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is used as a buffering agent.
The terms tincal and tincar refer to the naturally occurring Sodium tetraborate decahydrate historically mined from dry lake beds in various parts of Asia.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate occurs naturally in evaporite deposits produced by the repeated evaporation of seasonal lakes.
The most commercially important deposits are found in: Boron, California; and Searles Lake, California.
Also, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate has been found at many other locations in the Southwestern United States, the Atacama Desert in Chile, newly discovered deposits in Bolivia, and in Tibet and Romania.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate can also be produced synthetically from other boron compounds.
Naturally occurring Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is refined by a process of recrystallization.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is an odourless, water-soluble powder.
Also known as sodium borate or disodium tetraborate, the crystalline compound aids the effects of household cleaners and detergents when mixed in warm or hot water (the hotter, the better).
Thanks to its non-reactive nature, you can mix Sodium tetraborate decahydrate with many cleaning agents including chlorine bleach.
This mixture produces an effective stain removal and disinfectant for domestic laundry purposes.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate also has a base pH of 9.5, which allows for an even spread of cleaning agent molecules over the stained surface.
On the industrial front, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is used as a preservative and in manufacturing insecticides and disinfectants.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is also used in slime making, as a fungicide and is inflammable.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate's white crystalline powder has a melting point of 741℃ and dissolves in water to form hydrogen peroxide.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is essential in glass and ceramic manufacturing.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate acts as a flux, reducing the melting point of silica and making glass formation easier.
Additionally, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate improves the adhesion and surface finish of ceramic products.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is also a key ingredient in the production of glass wool insulation.
In metallurgy, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate serves as a fluxing agent in welding and soldering, facilitating the fusion of metals.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate's fire-retardant properties also make it a valuable component in flame-resistant materials.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is a key raw material for producing sodium perborate (NaBO₃), widely used as a bleaching agent in detergents, particularly in Europe.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is a powerful deodorizer, and desiccant.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is a substantial ingredient in fertilizers, particularly in regions with boron-deficient soils.
As a micronutrient, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate enhances crop yields and improves plant disease resistance.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is applicable in pharmaceutical applications, where it functions as a buffering agent and preservative in various formulations.
Gentle on skin and tough on dirt and oils, the inherent characteristics of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate make it essential in industrial cleaning products, such as polishes, waxes, hard surface cleaners, and institutional cleaning compounds.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is a:
-pH buffering agent
-Enzyme stabilizer
-Emulsifier of oils, waxes, and paraffins
-Gentle abrasive
-Remover for medium-to-heavy soils—such as those encountered in industrial operations
-Water softener
-Alkaline booster
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate or Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is the sodium salt of boric acid. The substance is a white crystalline powder, which is solvable in water.
A solution of 4% sodium tetraborate decahydrate in water provides a pH of 9,2.
A Sodium tetraborate decahydrate solution has a buffering effect around this pH-level.
In nature Sodium tetraborate decahydrate appears as the mineral 'Sodium tetraborate decahydrate', formally it is the decahydrate of sodium tetra borate.
This name origins from the Persian burah.
This is the name for the same mineral, which was known in ancient times and was used, amongst others, for the production of glass.
The word traces back to the Middle-Persian burak.
The name 'bor' was derived from the principal element of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is a poorly soluble salt in cold water, but solves well in warm water.
After evaporation of a substance of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate, a vitreous layer arises, which, when adding to metal surfaces, avoids strong oxidation and improves the liquefying of metal.
Therefore Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is used as 'flux' during soldering.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate can be converted to boric acid, by adding a strong acid like hydrogen chloride.
Use: A limited amount of use in cosmetics is allowed.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is used as decontaminant in powders and bath products.
In combination with glycerin (Sodium tetraborate decahydrate-glycerin), Sodium tetraborate decahydrate was used as antiseptic product in inflammations in the mouth (touch on).
Pesticides against woodworm, which have a basis of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate and boric acid, are only used by professionals due to the toxicity.
Because of the (moderate) toxicity Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is used as desinfectant as well.
Since it is a salt, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is used by organic gardening to combat snails (salts impair the mucous membranes of snails).
In a solution of 70 grams Sodium tetraborate decahydrate per bucket water (10 liter) it does not burn the roots of the plants, in contrast with sodium chloride.
However, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate accumulates in the soil and can only be removed by rinsing.
Therefore it is best to only use it once a year, since Sodium tetraborate decahydrate can be harmful for plants in high concentrations.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate can be used in the analytical laboratory as standard solution for the volumetric measuerement of acid soluctions.
It is a very appropriate primary standard to provide a standard solution of potassium permanganate.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate was used for centuries as buffer fluid for eye drops.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate has a poor antisceptic effect.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate in cosmetics:
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is used in many areas including cosmetics and toiletries.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is also used as a crosslinking agent to emulsify waxes and other paraffins used as a base for lotions, creams and ointments.
How to prepare an emulsion: heat the oils in a double boiler.
Dissolve the Sodium tetraborate decahydrate in hot water.
Add the Sodium tetraborate decahydrate solution slowly to the hot oil, constantly stirring in one direction.
Keep stirring until the creamy white emulsion has formed.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate as a buffering agent:
Dissolved in water, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate hydrolyzes to give a mildly alkaline solution and can be used to neutralise acids.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate can be used in combination with strong alkalis to produce chemical compounds of lower pH.
The relatively constant pH of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate (approx pH 9.2) Dedahydrate solutions makes it an excellent buffering agent.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate in adhesives:
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate Pentahydrate is part of the starch adhesive formulation for corrugated paper and paperboard, and is a peptising agent in the manufacture of casein-based and dextrin-based adhesives. It greatly improves the tack and green strength of the adhesive by crosslinking conjugated hydroxyl groups.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate in metallurgy:
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate has the ability to dissolve metal oxides and is exploited in the recovery of metals such as brass, copper, lead and zinc from scrap or smelting slag.
In Iron metallurgy, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate hydrate is used as a flux to prevent oxidation at the surface of the molten iron.
In other metal working processes like welding, brazing, and soldering, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is used to cover the metal surfaces.
This prevents any oxidation occurring by excluding air and moisture contact.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate also can be used as a cleaning agent.
A mixture of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate and ammonium chloride is used as a flux when welding iron and steel.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate lowers the melting point of the unwanted iron oxide, scale, allowing it to run off.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is also used mixed with water as a flux when soldering jewellery metals such as gold or silver.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate allows the molten solder to flow evenly over the joint in question.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is also a good flux for “pre-tinning” tungsten with zinc – making the tungsten soft-solderable.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is often used as a flux for forge welding.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate for corrosion prevention:
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate finds many uses as a corrosion inhibitor in aqueous systems as it can prevent oxidation of ferrous / Iron metals.
Typical applications are in engine coolants, antifreezes and water treatments.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is highly soluble in MEG / ethylene glycol and can neutralise acids that are produced from the decomposition of the MEG prevention acidic corrosion of the metal surface.
Glass Industry:
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate is added to glass products used for heat insulation as it increases viscosity, surface hardness and durability when added to molten glass intermediates.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate is also used in the production of isolation glass fibre.
Agriculture:
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate is used to increase agricultural productivity and to obtain higher quality products.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate can be used in solid or liquid state as fertilizer or foliar fertilizer.
Fire retardant:
Borates are used as fire retardants in various materials.
Borates cover the material by melting and prevent the material from catching fire by severing the contact between the oxygen and the flame.
Soluble borates, such as Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate, are used as fire retardants by processing them into cellulosic materials.
Other industrial uses for Sodium tetraborate decahydrate:
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is used: In the extraction of gold from metals. As a flame retardant and for putting out small fires without the risks of flare-up.
A carrier for herbicides.
As a stabiliser and bonding agent for specialist abrasives.
As a neutraliser and carrier in the production of metal wire.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate can also be used to:
-Dissolve metal oxides in scrap metal recovery and slag smelting
-Act as a cover flux to prevent oxidation at the surface of molten ingot
-Exclude air and prevent oxidation in welding, brazing, and soldering
-Slow corrosion in aqueous systems, water treatment chemicals, and automotive and engine coolant formulations
-Neutralize acidic residue that results from ethylene glycol decomposition and minimize the rate of oxidation at the surface of metal
Because Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate is highly soluble in ethylene glycol, it is especially useful in car antifreeze formulations.
In addition, it can also be used as a flame retardant for cellulosic materials, a buffer and catalyst for organic dyes, a carrier for herbicides, and a degreasing buffer in enameling processes. Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate:
-Works with boric acid as a gentle cleanser and buffering agent in contact lens solutions
-Replaces chromates in railroad and other diesel engine coolants
-Stabilizes and acts as a bonding agent in specialty abrasives
-Provides an intermediate-temperature glassy bond before the establishment of the ceramic bond
-Improves tack and green strength in casein- and dextrin-based adhesives by cross linking conjugated hydroxyl groups
-Neutralizes residual acid from the pickling stage in wire drawing; the deposit of the salt remaining on the wire is valuable as a carrier of dry powdered lubricant
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate, also known as borax, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water and has various industrial and household applications.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate, commonly known as borax, is a versatile compound with a wide range of applications across various industries.
This white crystalline substance is recognized for its excellent buffering and pH-stabilizing properties, making it an essential ingredient in detergents, cosmetics, and personal care products. In the agricultural sector, it serves as a crucial micronutrient for plants, promoting healthy growth and enhancing crop yields.
Additionally, sodium tetraborate decahydrate is utilized in glass and ceramics manufacturing, where it acts as a flux to lower melting points and improve the durability of finished products.
Researchers and industry professionals appreciate sodium tetraborate decahydrate for its non-toxic nature and eco-friendliness compared to alternative compounds.
Its ability to inhibit fungal growth makes Sodium tetraborate decahydrate a valuable component in wood preservation and pest control formulations.
With its multifunctional properties, sodium tetraborate decahydrate stands out as a reliable choice for enhancing product performance while ensuring safety and sustainability in various applications.
Physical Properties:
Physical state at 20 °C:Solid
Colour: White crystalline
Odour: Odorless
pH value: 9.2
Melting point/ Freezing point [°C]: 62 °C
Boiling point [°C]: 320°C
Density [g/cm3]: 1.73
Solubility in water [% weight]: 39 g/l at 20 °C - completely soluble
Vapor Pressure: Approximately 0 mm Hg
Stability / Shelf Life: Stable.
When heated above about 62 °C, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate loses water of crystallization, first forming the pentahydrate and then anhydrous sodium tetraborate.
Decomposition: When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /sodium oxide and boron/.
Corrosivity
Solutions are not a corrosion hazard to ferrous metals.
Index of refraction: 1.447 (alpha); 1.469 (beta); 1.472 (gamma)
Applications
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is used in detergents, cosmetics, and enamel glazes.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is likewise employed to prepare buffer solutions in biochemistry, as a fire retardant, anti-fungal compound, in the manufacture of fiberglass, as a flux in metallurgy, neutron-capture shields for radioactive sources, a texturing agent in cooking, and as a precursor for other boron compounds.
The molten Sodium tetraborate decahydrate bath is useful for carbide coating process on metals.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is applied as an efficient metal-free catalyst for Hetero-Michael reactions in an aqueous medium.
Industrial soap and detergents
Used in many industrial and institutional cleaning compounds as:
• pH buffering agent
• Oil emulsification aid
• Gentle abrasive
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is also used as an additive in polishes and waxes.
Metallurgical fluxes
Used to dissolve metal oxides in the recovery of metals such as brass, copper, lead, and zinc from scrap or smelting slag.
In ferrous metallurgy, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate is used as a cover flux to prevent oxidation at the surface of the molten ingot.
In welding, brazing, and soldering, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate covers the metal surfaces, excluding air and preventing oxidation.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate also acts as a solvent and cleaning agent.
Corrosion inhibition
Incorporated in many aqueous systems requiring corrosion inhibition, including automotive and engine coolant formulations, and various water treatment chemicals.
Aqueous solutions of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate have replaced chromates in railroad and other diesel engine coolants.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate also protects ferrous metals against oxidation.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate’s high solubility in ethylene glycol makes it especially useful in car antifreeze formulations.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate neutralizes acidic residue resulting from the decomposition of ethylene glycol and minimizes the rate of oxidation at the surface of the metal.
Adhesives
Part of starch adhesive formulation for corrugated paper and paperboard, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate is a peptizing agent in the manufacture of casein- and dextrin-based adhesives.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate greatly improves the tack and green strength of adhesives by crosslinking conjugated hydroxyl groups.
Refractories
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate decahydrate compounds are used as stabilizers and bonding agents in specialty abrasives.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate gives an intermediate-temperature glassy bond prior to ceramic bond establishment, at which point the borate compound is frequently volatilized from the system.
Wire drawing
Neutralizes residual acid from the pickling stage, and the salt deposit remaining on the wire is valuable as a carrier of dry powdered lubricant.
Uses:
Glass and Ceramics: Used in the production of glass, ceramics, and enamel glazes.
Cleaning Agent: Acts as a cleaning agent in various household and industrial products.
Pesticide: Used as an insecticide and fungicide.
Metal Processing: Utilized in metal soldering and welding processes.
Fire Retardant: Employed as a fire retardant in various applications.
Borate ions (commonly supplied as boric acid) are used in biochemical and chemical laboratories to make buffers, e.g. for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of DNA and RNA, such as TBE buffer (borate buffered tris-hydroxymethylaminomethonium)[31][32] or the newer SB buffer or BBS buffer (borate buffered saline) in coating procedures.
Borate buffers (usually at pH 8) are also used as preferential equilibration solutions in dimethyl pimelimidate (DMP) based crosslinking reactions.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate as a source of borate has been used to take advantage of the co-complexing ability of borate with other agents in water to form complex ions with various substances.
Borate and a suitable polymer bed are used to chromatograph non-glycated hemoglobin differentially from glycated hemoglobin (chiefly HbA1c), which is an indicator of long-term hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate alone does not have a high affinity for hardness cations, although it has been used for water softening. A general chemical equation for water softening is (R is the dissolved cation, usually calcium or magnesium):
R2+(aq) + Na2B4O7(aq) → RB4O7(s)↓ + 2 Na+(aq)
The sodium ions introduced do not make water "hard".
This method is suitable for removing both temporary and permanent types of hardness.
A mixture of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate and ammonium chloride is used as a flux when welding iron and steel.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate lowers the melting point of the unwanted iron oxide (scale), allowing it to run off.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is also mixed with water as a flux when soldering jewelry metals such as gold or silver, where it allows the molten solder to wet the metal and flow evenly into the joint.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is also a flux for "pre-tinning" tungsten with zinc, making the tungsten soft-solderable.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is often used as a flux for forge welding.
In artisanal gold mining, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is sometimes used as part of a process known as the Sodium tetraborate decahydrate method (as a flux) meant to eliminate the need for toxic mercury in the gold extraction process, although it cannot directly replace mercury. Sodium tetraborate decahydrate was reportedly used by gold miners in parts of the Philippines in the 1900s.
There is evidence that, in addition to reducing the environmental impact, this method achieves better gold recovery for suitable ores and is less expensive.
This Sodium tetraborate decahydrate method is used in northern Luzon in the Philippines, but miners have been reluctant to adopt it elsewhere for reasons that are not well understood.
The method has also been promoted in Bolivia and Tanzania.
A rubbery polymer sometimes called Slime, Flubber, "gluep" or "glurch" (or erroneously called Silly Putty, which is based on silicone polymers), can be made by cross-linking polyvinyl alcohol with Sodium tetraborate decahydrate.
Making flubber from polyvinyl acetate-based glues, such as Elmer's Glue, and Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is a common elementary science demonstration.[44][45]
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate, given the E number E285, is used as a food additive but this use is banned in some countries, such as Australia, China, Thailand and the United States.
As a consequence, certain foods, such as caviar, produced for sale in the United States contain higher levels of salt to assist preservation.
In addition to its use as a preservative, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate imparts a firm, rubbery texture to food.
In Indonesia, it is a common, but forbidden, additive to such foods as noodles, bakso (meatballs), and steamed rice.
Other uses include:
Ingredient in enamel glazes.
Component of glass, pottery, and ceramics.
Used as an additive in ceramic slips and ceramic glazes to improve fit on wet, greenware, and bisque.
Flame retardant treatment for fabric.
Anti-fungal compound for cellulose insulation.
Mothproofing 10% solution for wool.
Pulverized for the prevention of stubborn pests (e.g. German cockroaches) in closets, pipe and cable inlets, wall panelling gaps, and inaccessible locations where ordinary pesticides are undesirable.
Tackifier ingredient in casein, starch and dextrin-based adhesives.
To make indelible ink for dip pens by dissolving shellac into heated Sodium tetraborate decahydrate.
Curing agent for snake skins.
Curing agent for salmon eggs, for use in sport fishing for salmon.
Swimming pool buffering agent to control pH.
In nuclear reactors and spent fuel pools as a neutron absorber to control reactivity and to shut down a nuclear chain reaction.
As a micronutrient fertilizer to correct boron-deficient soils.
Preservative in taxidermy.
To color fires with a green tint.
Traditionally used to coat dry-cured meats such as hams to improve the appearance and discourage flies.
Used as a flux for melting metals and alloys in casting to draw out impurities and prevent oxidation.
Used as a woodworm treatment (diluted in water).
In particle physics as an additive to nuclear emulsion, to extend the latent image lifetime of charged particle tracks.
The first observation of the pion, which was awarded the 1950 Nobel Prize, used this type of emulsion.
Often referred to as a magical powder, sodium borate is a multipurpose compound that can be used in the following ways:
Cleaning and Deodorization: A mixture of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate and cleaning agents in hot water boosts cleaning efficiency when cleaning blood, coffee, or beverage stains on carpets and clothes.
Adding Sodium tetraborate decahydrate to your glass cleaning solutions helps to keep them spotless and sparkling.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate also helps to remove foul odours caused by urine from your mattress.
Disinfection:
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate doubles as a disinfectant due to its ability to affect the metabolism of pests and insects.
This makes Sodium tetraborate decahydrate helpful in ant and flea control, as well as in killing weed growth around the home.
However, you should ensure your kids, pets, and plants are out of sight when applying Sodium tetraborate decahydrate powder.
Water Softening: Disodium tetraborate is useful in softening hard water.
A tablespoon of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate softens your bath water, allowing shampoos and soaps to work without inhibition.
Carpet Cleaning:
Adding a Sodium tetraborate decahydrate mixture to your carpet cleaning machine will not only reduce its strain and workload but also enhance its performance in stain removal.
Despite its many uses in the home, sodium borate is not safe for human consumption and prolonged exposure may be harmful.
Some industrial uses of sodium borate include;
As an emulsion base in cosmetic production
As an acid neutraliser and buffering agent in chemical solutions
In making flame retardants and extinguishing fires
As an herbicide and in producing metal wires
In the production of adhesives to ensure efficiency and tackiness
In preventing metal oxidation and the corrosion of aqueous systems via water treatment, coolants, and antifreeze solutions
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is also essential in metallurgy; helping to recover brass and copper from scrap metals; as an oxidation-proof layer in soldering and welding, and in gold extraction
The best-known use for Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is as a cleaner, but you can find the ingredient in many other household products, including:
-Specialty toothpastes and mouthwashes
-Cosmetics such as lotions, skin creams, moisturizers, sunscreen, and acne care products
-Paint and ceramic glaze
-Herbicides
-Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is also an ingredient for making putty-like “slime” for kids.
Scientists have been studying whether the compounds in Sodium tetraborate decahydrate might help your body fight conditions like arthritis or osteoporosis, but more research is needed to know if or how they might work.
Industries
-Specialty Chemicals
-Personal Care and Pharmaceutical
-Metalworking Fluids & Lubricants
-Pulp & Paper
-Water Treatment
-Agriculture
-Home, Industrial and Institutional Care
-Adhesives, Coatings and Construction
-Automotive and Transportation
Market Segments:
-Agrochemicals
-Metallurgical Products
-Electronics & Electric
-Automotive & Transportation
-Personal Care & Hygiene
Applications:
-Specialty Abrasives
-Adhesives & Sealants
-Pesticides
-Cosmetics
-Dyes
Functions:
-Cleanser
-Catalyst
-Preservative
-Stabilizer
-Buffer
Chemistry:
From a chemical perspective, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate contains the [B4O5(OH)4]2− ion.
In this structure, there are two four-coordinate boron centers and two three-coordinate boron centers.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is a proton conductor at temperatures above 21 °C (70 °F).
Conductivity is maximum along the b-axis.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is also easily converted to boric acid and other borates, which have many applications.
Its reaction with hydrochloric acid to form boric acid is:
Na2B4O7·10H2O + 2 HCl → 4 H3BO3 + 2 NaCl + 5 H2O
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is sufficiently stable to find use as a primary standard for acid-base titrimetry.
Molten Sodium tetraborate decahydrate dissolves many metal oxides to form glasses.
This property is important for its uses in metallurgy and for the Sodium tetraborate decahydrate bead test of qualitative chemical analysis.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is soluble in a variety of solvents; however, it is notably insoluble in ethanol.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is a powdery white substance, also known as sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate’s widely used as a household cleaner and a booster for laundry detergent.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate’s a combination of boron, sodium, and oxygen.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is often found in dry lake beds in places like California’s Death Valley, where the water evaporated and left behind deposits of minerals.
Boric acid is made from the same chemical compound as Sodium tetraborate decahydrate and even looks like it.
But while Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is commonly used in cleaning, boric acid is mainly used as a pesticide.
Boric acid kills insects by targeting their stomachs and nervous systems.
Solubility of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate in some solvents:
Organic solvent / Temperature °C (°F) / Sodium tetraborate decahydrate % by weight in saturated solution
Glycerol 98.5%, 20 (68): 52.60
Glycerol 86.5%, 20 (68): 47.19
Ethylene glycol, 25 (77): 41.60
Diethylene glycol, 25 (77): 18.60
Methanol, 25 (77): 19.90
Aqueous ethanol 46.5%, 15.5 (60): 2.48
Acetone, 25 (77): 0.60
Ethyl acetate, 25 (77): 0.14
Solubility of Sodium tetraborate decahydrate in water
Temperature / Sodium tetraborate decahydrate % by weight in saturated solution
°C (°F)
0 (32): 1.99
5 (41): 2.46
10 (50): 3.09
15 (59): 3.79
20 (68): 4.70
25 (77): 5.80
30 (86): 7.20
35 (95): 9.02
40 (104): 11.22
45 (113): 14.21
50 (122): 17.91
55 (131): : 23.22
60 (140): 30.32
65 (149): 33.89
70 (158): 36.94
75 (167): 40.18
80 (176): 44.31
85 (185): 48.52
90 (194): 53.18
95 (203): 58.94
100 (212): 65.63
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate may be used in the following studies:
Modified carbazole method for the quantitive determination of hexuronic acids.
Quantitative estimation of aminoglycoside antibiotics (dihydrostreptomycin and streptomycin) by capillary electrophoresis coupled with UV detection.
To compose the buffer along with cholic acid sodium solution (pH 9.2) for micellar electrokinetic chromatographic (MEKC) quantification of pesticides.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate, also known as sodium borate, sodium borate decahydrate or borax, is a hydrate salt of boric acid.
Commonly available in powder or granular form, it dissolves in water to make a basic, aqueous solution.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is soluble and has many industrial and household applications as a component in a wide range of products.
Applications include as a pesticide; metal soldering; glaze and enamel manufacturing; tanning of skins and hides; artificial aging of wood; as a preservative against wood fungus; analytical chemistry as a buffering agent; and pharmaceutic aid as an alkalizer.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea if you ingest it by itself, and large amounts can lead to shock and kidney failure.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate's banned in U.S. food products.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate also can irritate your skin and eyes, and it can hurt your nose, throat, and lungs if you breathe it in.
If you're around it often, Sodium tetraborate decahydrate can cause rashes and might affect male reproductive organs.
Sodium tetraborate has several pseudonyms including Sodium Borate, Disodium Tetraborate, Disodium Salt, Boric Acid, Sodium Borate Decahydrate and more commonly known Sodium tetraborate decahydrate.
Derived as a hydrate salt of Boric Acid, it occurs naturally as seasoned lakes repeatedly cycle and evaporate, leaving behind a build-up of powdery crystal deposit which is the salt of Boric Acid.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate is essentially a combination of Sodium, Boron and Oxygen.
The white granular powder is water soluble and has several applications from household cleaners to pesticides, enamel manufacturing to the artificial aging of wood, a buffering agent in chemistry to an alkalizer in the pharmaceutical industry.
In recent years it has become popular as the ‘activator’ in play putty or Hand Slime.
Used as raw material of sweeting agent; Used as diionic cleaning agent with the best performance; Used as raw material for bleaching agent of pulp;
Used as raw material for vulcanizator, catalyst, disinfectant, fire retardant; Used as raw material for the production of dye and pigment;Used as raw material for Electroplating additive.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate Decahydrate, also known as Sodium Tetraborate Decahydrate, is a white solid.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate Decahydrate is widely used in pesticides, softening/buffering agents, coolants and antifreeze, starch adhesives, and metal soldering flux.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate Decahydrate is also used as a component of enamel, glass, and pottery glazes, for the artificial aging of wood, for the tanning of skins and hides, and as a preservative for wood fungus.
Sodium tetraborate decahydrate Decahydrate is used as a natural preservative and emulsifier in pharmaceutical and cosmetics products.
