SOKALAN CP 5 GRANULES

From a macromolecular and crystallographic perspective, Sokalan CP 5 Granules is constructed from a linear carbon-carbon copolymer backbone of empirical formula (C4H2O4.C3H4O2)x.xNa and repeating unit [-CH2-CH(COONa)-]n-[-CH(COONa)-CH(COONa)-]m with an optimized weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of approximately 70,000 g/mol. The dense sequence of mono-carboxylic sodium acrylate units and vicinal dicarboxylic sodium maleate units imparts an exceptionally high linear anionic carboxylate charge density (~11.5 to 12.5 meq/g), enabling potent multidentate chelation of divalent calcium and magnesium hardness ions (280 to 350 mg CaCO3/g active polymer), sub-stoichiometric threshold crystal growth distortion, and strong electrosteric particle stabilization.

Formulators and plant engineers systematically prefer Sokalan CP 5 Granules over fine spray-dried polycarboxylate powders, liquid 40% polycarboxylate solutions, legacy sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), and low-molecular-weight homopolymeric sodium polyacrylates whenever dry-blending homogeneity, zero airborne dust, and high-speed tablet press flowability are critical. Because its controlled granulometry (mean particle diameter d50 of 450 to 750 microns and angle of repose of 28 to 33 degrees) closely matches the particle size and bulk density of dense soda ash, sodium percarbonate, TAED, and granulated surfactants, Sokalan CP 5 Granules eliminates powder segregation in silos and packaging lines, avoids introducing excess water into moisture-sensitive percarbonate or enzyme blends, and delivers 30% to 50% higher calcium-binding capacity and superior anti-redeposition performance compared to homopolymeric polyacrylates.

CAS Number: 52255-49-9 / 68479-09-4 (2-Butenedioic acid (2Z)-, polymer with 2-propenoic acid, sodium salt; Maleic acid/acrylic acid copolymer, sodium salt; Parent Acid Copolymer CAS Number: 29132-58-9)
EC Number: 610-802-6 (Polymer Exempt under EU REACH Regulation EC 1907/2006; Monomer Precursors Acrylic Acid and Maleic Anhydride/Acid Fully Registered)
Molecular Formula: (C4H2O4.C3H4O2)x.xNa / Repeating Structural Unit: [-CH2-CH(COONa)-]n-[-CH(COONa)-CH(COONa)-]m
Molecular Weight: Approx. 70,000 g/mol (Weight-Average Molecular Weight Mw determined by Aqueous Gel Permeation Chromatography GPC / EN ISO 13885)
INCI Name: SODIUM MA/AA COPOLYMER (and SODIUM ACRYLATE/MALEATE COPOLYMER)
E Number: Not Applicable (Industrial Detergent Co-Builder Granule, Anti-Incrustation Polymer, ADW Tablet Disintegrant, and Scale Inhibitor; Not a Direct Food Additive)
Melting Point: > 250 °C thermal decomposition onset (Anhydrous polymer glass transition temperature Tg approx. 140 °C to 160 °C depending on residual moisture; Sokalan CP 5 Granules does not melt into a neat liquid prior to thermal decarboxylation above 240 °C to 250 °C)
Boiling Point: Not Applicable (Non-volatile ionic polymeric solid; decomposes thermally above 250 °C prior to boiling at 101.3 kPa; a 10% to 20% w/w reconstituted aqueous solution boils at approx. 100.5 °C to 102.0 °C)
Viscosity: Not Applicable as a dry, free-flowing compacted granular solid; when reconstituted in water at 25 °C, dynamic viscosity is approx. 5 to 12 mPa.s (cP) at 10.0% w/w, 15 to 40 mPa.s at 20.0% w/w, and 450 to 700 mPa.s at 40.0% w/w (Brookfield RV Viscometer at 20 rpm, ISO 2555)
Density: Apparent loose bulk pour density of 0.60 to 0.78 g/cm3 (600 to 780 g/L or kg/m3, typically ~650 to 720 g/L; ISO 697 / DIN 53912) and tapped bulk density of 0.68 to 0.86 g/cm3 (680 to 860 g/L); true skeletal polymer density of approx. 1.50 to 1.62 g/cm3 at 20 °C

Most Frequently Encountered Synonyms:
Sokalan CP 5 Granules
SOKALAN CP 5 GRANULES
Sokalan CP 5 Granular
Sokalan CP5 Granules
Sokalan CP-5 Granules
Sokalan CP 5 G
Granular Sokalan CP 5
Compacted Sokalan CP 5
Dust-Free Sokalan CP 5 Granules
Sodium Salt of Maleic Acid-Acrylic Acid Copolymer Granules
Sodium Salt of Acrylic Acid-Maleic Acid Copolymer Granules
Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt Granules
Granular Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt
CAS 52255-49-9
CAS 68479-09-4
EC 610-802-6

PRODUCT OVERVIEW, CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND GRANULAR PARTICLE ENGINEERING

Sokalan CP 5 Granules is the specialized high-bulk-density, dust-free, free-flowing granular solid grade of the industry-benchmark acrylic acid–maleic acid copolymer sodium salt (CAS Number 52255-49-9 / 68479-09-4; EC Number 610-802-6), supplied by Ataman Kimya for modern solid-state detergent compounding, automatic dishwashing (ADW) tableting, and dry-mix industrial chemical formulations. Known across international chemical specifications and detergent manufacturing plants as Granular Acrylic Acid-Maleic Acid Copolymer Sodium Salt, Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt Granules, Sodium Salt of Maleic Acid-Acrylic Acid Copolymer Granules, Granular MA/AA Copolymer Sodium Salt, Sokalan CP 5 Granular, and in Turkish chemical trade as Sokalan CP 5 Granül or Granül Akrilik Asit-Maleik Asit Kopolimeri Sodyum Tuzu, this engineered polymeric material delivers approximately 92.0% w/w active polycarboxylate solids (with <= 8.0% w/w residual hydration moisture) in a mechanically robust, non-segregating granular particle architecture.

While the underlying macromolecule of Sokalan CP 5 Granules is chemically identical to that of Sokalan CP 5 Liquid (40% aqueous solution) and Sokalan CP 5 Powder (92% fine spray-dried powder)—sharing the exact same weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of approximately 70,000 g/mol and the same dense alternating and short-block distribution of sodium acrylate and sodium maleate repeating units—the physical particle engineering of Sokalan CP 5 Granules solves the most critical solids-handling, tableting, and dry-blending challenges in modern detergent production:

 Elimination of Airborne Dust and Workplace Inhalation Exposure:
Fine spray-dried polycarboxylate powders typically possess a mean particle size (d50) of 80 to 160 microns and a low loose bulk density of 450 to 600 g/L, with a significant fraction of sub-100-micron hollow microspheres that become airborne during bag dumping, pneumatic conveying, and ribbon blending. By contrast, Sokalan CP 5 Granules is manufactured via controlled roll compaction or fluidized-bed spray agglomeration followed by precision milling and multi-deck classification, yielding dense, abrasion-resistant granules with a controlled mean particle diameter (d50) of 450 to 750 microns and less than 3.0% to 5.0% fine fraction below 125 microns. This dust-free morphology improves plant hygiene, eliminates filter-bag blinding in dust collectors, and prevents sticky polymer buildup on factory surfaces.

 Particle Density and Granulometric Matching to Prevent Dry-Blend Segregation:
In the manufacture of high-density compact laundry powders, institutional warewashing powders, and multi-component dry blends (where ingredients are mixed in ploughshare mixers, ribbon blenders, or V-blenders rather than co-atomized in a spray-drying tower), differences in particle size and bulk density between raw materials trigger severe percolation and trajectory segregation during hopper discharge, filling, and road transport. Because Sokalan CP 5 Granules is engineered with an apparent loose bulk density of 600 to 780 g/L (typically ~650 to 720 g/L) and a particle size window of 200 to 1,000 microns (d50 ~ 450 to 750 microns), its physical profile matches the bulk density and granulometry of heavy sodium carbonate (dense soda ash, 900 to 1,100 g/L, 250 to 600 microns), coated sodium percarbonate (850 to 1,000 g/L, 400 to 800 microns), TAED bleach activator granules (550 to 700 g/L, 300 to 700 microns), granulated sodium silicate/citrate, and encapsulated protease/amylase enzyme prills. As a result, Granular MA/AA Copolymer Sodium Salt remains uniformly distributed throughout every scoop, pouch, or tablet die fill from the top to the bottom of the storage silo.

 Superior Die-Filling Rheology and Osmotic Disintegration in High-Speed Rotary Tableting:
Modern automatic dishwashing (ADW) tablets, multi-layer dishwasher tabs, and compressed laundry tablets are produced on high-speed rotary tablet presses operating at 30,000 to over 150,000 tablets per hour. Fine powders trap air, bridge across feed frames, adhere to punch faces ("sticking and picking"), and cause tablet weight variation and capping. Thanks to its low angle of repose (28 to 33 degrees), low Carr's Compressibility Index (8% to 14%), and Hausner Ratio of 1.08 to 1.16, Sokalan CP 5 Granules flows effortlessly by gravity from feed hoppers into rotary press die cavities with < 1.0% tablet weight standard deviation. Under compression forces of 10 to 40 kN, the slightly plastic, hydrated sodium acrylate-maleate granules deform at inter-particle contact points to form strong mechanical tablet bonds without requiring excessive polyethylene glycol (PEG) binder. Then, as soon as the compressed ADW or laundry tablet enters the wash water, the hydrophilic Sokalan CP 5 Granules particles rapidly absorb water, swell osmotically, and dissolve outward—acting as a built-in polymeric wicking disintegrant that shatters the tablet matrix within 60 to 180 seconds while releasing active anti-incrustation and dispersing chains directly into the wash liquor.

 Compatibility with Moisture-Sensitive Oxygen Bleaches and Enzymes:
In compact detergents and ADW tablets containing sodium percarbonate (2Na2CO3.3H2O2), TAED, and hydrolytic enzymes (protease, lipase, amylase, mannanase, cellulase), introducing liquid raw materials or high-moisture additives triggers premature percarbonate decomposition, oxygen gas evolution, and rapid enzyme inactivation during shelf storage. Because Sokalan CP 5 Granules has a high active solids content of ~92.0% w/w and tightly bound residual hydration water (<= 8.0% w/w, with low equilibrium water activity aw < 0.35), it can be dry-blended directly alongside coated sodium percarbonate and enzyme granulates without compromising oxidative bleach stability or enzymatic half-life.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND QUANTITATIVE SPECIFICATIONS

For quality assurance chemists, powder-handling engineers, and detergent formulators, the quantitative physical, granulometric, and chemical specifications of Sokalan CP 5 Granules (Granular Acrylic Acid-Maleic Acid Copolymer Sodium Salt, CAS 52255-49-9 / 68479-09-4) govern everything from silo discharge rates and rotary tablet press compression profiles to hard-water calcium sequestration. Every commercial lot supplied by Ataman Kimya is manufactured and verified against strict numerical tolerances:

 Chemical Identity and Macromolecular Constants:
- Chemical Designation: Sodium salt of a copolymer of maleic acid and acrylic acid / Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt in compacted granular form (CAS 52255-49-9 / 68479-09-4; EC 610-802-6; Parent Acid Form CAS 29132-58-9).
- Empirical Repeating Unit Formula: (C4H2O4.C3H4O2)x.xNa or [-CH2-CH(COONa)-]n-[-CH(COONa)-CH(COONa)-]m, where monosodium/disodium acrylate and maleate units are statistically distributed along a saturated C-C chain.
- Weight-Average Molecular Weight (Mw, EN ISO 13885 / Aqueous GPC against polyacrylate standards): Approximately 70,000 g/mol (typical production range 60,000 to 80,000 g/mol; Number-Average Molecular Weight Mn ~ 18,000 to 28,000 g/mol; Polydispersity Index Mw/Mn ~ 2.5 to 3.8).
- Total Anionic Carboxylate Charge Density (100% Dry Active Basis): Approximately 11.5 to 12.5 milliequivalents of -COONa per gram of anhydrous copolymer (equivalent to theoretical sodium content of ~21.0% to 24.0% w/w Na on dry polymer basis).

 Active Solids, Moisture Content, and Solution pH:
- Active Solid Content / Dry Matter Content (ISO 3251, gravimetric oven drying at 120 °C to 140 °C for 2 hours): >= 91.0% w/w (typical specification 92.0% +/- 2.0% w/w, range 90.0% to 94.0% w/w).
- Water Content / Volatile Moisture Content (DIN EN 13267 / Karl Fischer Titration or Halogen Moisture Analyzer at 130 °C): <= 8.0% w/w (typical batch values 6.0% to 8.0% w/w; this residual water of hydration plasticizes the granule slightly so it compacts without brittle shattering into dust).
- Aqueous Solution pH (DIN 19268 / ISO 976 at 20 °C to 25 °C): 7.5 to 9.0 (typically 8.0 to 8.6 measured as a 10.0% w/w solution of Sokalan CP 5 Granules in carbon-dioxide-free distilled water, or 7.8 to 8.8 as a 1.0% w/w solution).

 Granulometry, Bulk Density, and Powder Mechanics of Sokalan CP 5 Granules:
- Physical Appearance and Odor: White to pale yellowish-white, free-flowing, dust-free solid granules with a neutral, faint characteristic odor.
- Apparent Loose Bulk Pour Density (ISO 697 / DIN 53912): 600 to 780 g/L (0.60 to 0.78 g/cm3 or 600 to 780 kg/m3; typical batch value 650 to 720 g/L, compared with 450 to 650 g/L for spray-dried Sokalan CP 5 Powder).
- Tapped Bulk Density (ISO 787-11, 1,250 mechanical taps): 680 to 860 g/L (0.68 to 0.86 g/cm3).
- True Skeletal Density (Helium Pycnometry at 20 °C): Approximately 1.50 to 1.62 g/cm3.
- Hausner Ratio (Tapped Density / Loose Bulk Density): 1.08 to 1.16 (indicating minimal volume settling during transport and free-flowing die filling).
- Carr's Compressibility Index: 7.5% to 14.0% (classified as Excellent flowability on Carr's scale).
- Static Angle of Repose (ISO 4324): 28 to 33 degrees (compared with 34 to 38 degrees for fine spray-dried powder).
- Particle Size Distribution by Sieve Analysis (ISO 3310-1 / DIN 66165):
  * Mean Particle Diameter (d50 / Median Granule Size): 450 to 750 microns (0.45 to 0.75 mm).
  * Coarse Fraction > 1,000 microns (1.0 mm, 18 US Mesh): <= 5.0% w/w (typically < 2.0% w/w).
  * Main Granular Heart Fraction between 200 microns and 1,000 microns (18 to 70 US Mesh): >= 85.0% to 92.0% w/w.
  * Fine Dust Fraction < 125 microns (120 US Mesh): <= 5.0% w/w (typically < 1.5% to 3.0% w/w, ensuring dust-free handling).
  * Respirable / Ultra-Fine Fraction < 63 microns (230 US Mesh): <= 1.0% w/w.
- Granule Attrition Resistance / Friability (ISO 5937 Ball-Mill Attrition Test): < 4.0% fine dust generation after mechanical tumbling, confirming that Sokalan CP 5 Granules resists particle breakdown inside pneumatic conveying lines and industrial screw augers.

 Optical Color, Solubility, and Reconstituted Solution Rheology:
- Color of Aqueous Solution (DIN EN 1557 / ISO 6271): A 10.0% w/w aqueous solution of Sokalan CP 5 Granules exhibits an Iodine Color Number of <= 2 mg I2/100 mL and an APHA / Hazen Platinum-Cobalt Color of <= 50 (water-white to very pale straw-yellow), while solid granules exhibit a Berger/Hunter L* whiteness index of >= 82 to 88.
- Dissolution Rate in Water (at 20 °C and 40 °C under 300 rpm mechanical agitation, 10 g/L): Despite its compacted high-density structure, Sokalan CP 5 Granules hydrates without forming gelatinous "fisheye" lumps because its ionized sodium carboxylate groups rapidly draw water into inter-granular micro-capillaries, achieving > 95% dissolution within 60 to 120 seconds at 20 °C and within 25 to 45 seconds at 40 °C.
- Dynamic Viscosity of Reconstituted Aqueous Solutions (Brookfield RV, 20 rpm at 23 °C to 25 °C, ISO 2555):
  * At 5.0% w/w in water: ~2.5 to 5.0 mPa.s (cP).
  * At 10.0% w/w in water: ~6.0 to 14.0 mPa.s (cP).
  * At 20.0% w/w in water: ~15.0 to 40.0 mPa.s (cP).
  * At 40.0% w/w in water (equivalent to commercial Sokalan CP 5 Liquid concentration): ~400 to 800 mPa.s (cP) with a solution density of ~1.28 to 1.32 g/cm3 at 20 °C.

 Quantitative Chelation, Dispersion, Thermal, and Purity Benchmarks:
- Calcium Binding Capacity (Alkaline Nephelometric / Hampshire CaCO3 Titration at pH 11.0 and 20 °C): 280 to 350 mg CaCO3 per gram of 100% anhydrous polymer (corresponding to ~260 to 322 mg CaCO3 per gram of commercial 92% Sokalan CP 5 Granules as supplied, or ~460 to 500 mg CaO/g active polymer).
- Calcium Carbonate Dispersion Capacity (pH 10.5, 25 °C): >= 180 to 240 mg CaCO3 dispersed per gram of Sokalan CP 5 Granules.
- Manganese Dioxide / Clay Anti-Redeposition Index: Reduces particulate soil redeposition on bleached cotton fabric in 250 ppm CaCO3 hard water from > 18% loss of whiteness down to < 2.5% loss of whiteness at 150 ppm polymer dosage.
- Residual Unreacted Monomer Content (HPLC Analysis): Free residual acrylic acid < 500 ppm (typically < 100 to 200 ppm); free residual maleic acid < 1,000 ppm (typically < 300 ppm); Inorganic sulfate/chloride salts <= 1.5% w/w; Heavy metals (as Pb) <= 10 ppm; Iron (Fe) <= 20 ppm.
- Thermal Glass Transition and Decomposition Profile (DSC / TGA): Exhibits a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 140 °C to 160 °C; loses bound hydration water (6%–8%) between 105 °C and 150 °C; remains thermally stable against carbon-backbone cleavage or decarboxylation up to 240 °C to 250 °C.

PHYSICOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS OF ACTION IN SOLID DETERGENTS AND TABLETS

When Sokalan CP 5 Granules is incorporated into compact laundry powders, laundry tablets, automatic dishwashing (ADW) tablets, or institutional cleaning powders, the 70,000 g/mol Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt macromolecule performs five distinct physicochemical functions from the initial moment of water contact through the final rinse cycle:

Osmotic Wicking and Rapid Tablet Disintegration in ADW and Laundry Tablets:
In compressed automatic dishwashing tablets and laundry tablets, active ingredients are compacted under hydraulic pressures of 10 to 40 kN into a dense disc (tablet density ~1.35 to 1.60 g/cm3) that must dissolve completely within the first 2 to 4 minutes of the wash cycle—even when dispensed into cold water (15 °C to 20 °C) or trapped inside a restricted washing machine dispenser drawer. Because Sokalan CP 5 Granules consists of porous micro-agglomerates of fully ionized Sodium Salt of Maleic Acid-Acrylic Acid Copolymer with an extremely high hydration enthalpy and osmotic affinity for water, granules exposed on the tablet exterior act as hydrophilic capillary wicks. Upon water contact, the outer layer of each 500-micron granule hydrates rapidly without gelling, creating localized osmotic swelling pressure and electrostatic carboxylate repulsion along the inter-granular boundaries of the tablet. This internal expansive stress fractures the surrounding sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, and sodium percarbonate crystal bridges, causing the tablet to disintegrate rapidly into fine primary particles that dissolve immediately into the wash liquor.

High-Capacity Multidentate Sequestration of Calcium and Magnesium Hardness Ions:
Once dissolved in the alkaline wash liquor (pH 9.5 to 11.2), the extended 70,000 g/mol chains of Granular Acrylic Acid-Maleic Acid Copolymer Sodium Salt expose a dense array of ionized mono-carboxylate (acrylate) and vicinal dicarboxylate (maleate) groups. Whereas homopolymeric sodium polyacrylate possesses only isolated single carboxylate groups spaced every two carbon atoms, the incorporation of maleate units places two carboxylate anions on adjacent carbon atoms (-CH(COONa)-CH(COONa)-). These vicinal dicarboxylate pairs, acting together with neighboring acrylate carboxylates, form thermodynamically stable 5-, 6-, and 7-membered chelate rings with divalent Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations (binding ~260 to 322 mg CaCO3 per gram of Sokalan CP 5 Granules as supplied). By stripping free Ca2+ and Mg2+ from the wash water and from calcium bridges holding dirt onto fabric or glass surfaces, Sokalan CP 5 Granules prevents the precipitation of insoluble calcium soaps (lime scum) and liberates anionic surfactants to perform micellar grease and sebum removal.

Catalytic Ion-Exchange Shuttle (Carrier Effect) with Aluminosilicate Zeolite A:
In phosphate-free compact laundry powders and tablets built with insoluble sodium aluminosilicate Zeolite A (Zeolite 4A) and sodium carbonate (soda ash), Zeolite A alone cannot soften hard water rapidly enough at low-to-moderate temperatures (20 °C to 40 °C) to prevent dissolved Ca2+ from reacting with carbonate ions (CO3^2-) to precipitate insoluble calcite (CaCO3) scale onto clothing. Dissolved polymer chains from Sokalan CP 5 Granules overcome this kinetic bottleneck via the carrier or shuttle mechanism: the fast-diffusing MA/AA Copolymer Sodium Salt macromolecule chelates Ca2+ ions in bulk solution and at soil-fabric interfaces, transports the bound calcium rapidly to the external crystal surface of Zeolite A, and hands off the Ca2+ ion into the zeolite's 4.2-Angstrom pore cages in exchange for Na+ ions. The regenerated free polycarboxylate chain immediately returns to the bulk wash liquor to repeat the shuttle cycle, multiplying the effective calcium-removal rate of Zeolite A by 300% to 500% during the critical first 5 minutes of the wash.

Sub-Stoichiometric Threshold Crystal Distortion (Anti-Incrustation and Anti-Spotting):
During automatic dishwashing cycles and hard-water laundry rinsing, localized supersaturation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), calcium sulfate (CaSO4), calcium silicate, and calcium phosphate inevitably occurs—especially on heated dishwasher elements (60 °C to 70 °C) and during the dilution shock when alkaline wash liquor mixes with hard rinse water. Even at sub-stoichiometric concentrations (5 to 50 mg/L), negatively charged chains of Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt Granules adsorb selectively onto the positively charged active growth spirals and kink sites of embryonic CaCO3 crystal nuclei. This macromolecular poisoning blocks further crystal growth, delays precipitation induction times, and severely distorts crystal morphology—converting sharp, adherent rhombohedral calcite crystals into rounded, friable, amorphous micro-particles that cannot cement onto cotton terry-towel loops, washing machine heating rods, or crystal wine glasses. In ADW tablets, this crystal-distortion mechanism is the primary defense against cloudy white lime filming on glassware and discrete water spotting on dark ceramics and stainless steel cutlery.

Electrosteric Soil Dispersion and Anti-Redeposition (Preventing Fabric Wet Graying):
Particulate soils detached during washing—including kaolin clay, montmorillonite, iron oxide rust, carbon black, diesel soot, and burnt protein/starch food particulates—carry localized positive edge charges or calcium-bridged surface sites that cause them to re-agglomerate and redeposit onto fabrics or dishes. The 70,000 g/mol chains of Sokalan CP 5 Granules adsorb onto these suspended soil particles via multipoint carboxylate anchoring, while their hydrated anionic loops and tails extend into the water phase. This raises the negative zeta potential of both the soil particles and the substrate surfaces below -40 to -55 mV and creates a hydrated steric buffer layer, keeping particulate dirt stably suspended in the wash water until it is drained away.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS AND FORMULATION ENGINEERING

Because Sokalan CP 5 Granules combines a high 92.0% active concentration of 70,000 g/mol Acrylic Acid-Maleic Acid Copolymer Sodium Salt with a dust-free, high-bulk-density (600 to 780 g/L) granular morphology, Ataman Kimya supplies this grade across a wide range of solid-state consumer, institutional, and industrial applications:

Phosphate-Free Multi-Layer Automatic Dishwashing (ADW) Tablets and Unit-Dose Pods:
The single largest specialized application for Sokalan CP 5 Granules is the manufacture of phosphate-free automatic dishwashing tablets (2-in-1, 3-in-1, and all-in-one multi-layer tabs) and dual-chamber powder/gel dishwasher pods. In modern citrate-, MGDA-, or GLDA-built ADW tablets, small-molecule chelating agents bind stoichiometric calcium and dissolve tea/coffee tannin stains, but they cannot prevent sub-stoichiometric calcium carbonate and calcium silicate filming during the hot main wash (50 °C to 65 °C) and heated rinse cycle, nor can they disperse particulate starch-mineral and egg-protein soils. Incorporating Sokalan CP 5 Granules at 4.0% to 10.0% w/w of the total ADW tablet weight provides three essential benefits: (a) its free-flowing 450 to 750 micron granules feed smoothly into high-speed rotary tablet presses without punch sticking or capping; (b) its hygroscopic wicking action disintegrates the compressed tablet rapidly in the dishwasher dispenser; and (c) its 70,000 g/mol acrylate-maleate chains inhibit carbonate/silicate scale nucleation on glass and stainless steel, delivering brilliant, spot-free glass shine.

High-Density Compact Laundry Detergent Powders, Ultra-Concentrates, and Laundry Tablets:
In compact and ultra-compact heavy-duty laundry powders (bulk density 650 to 900 g/L) manufactured via dry-mixing, agglomeration, or post-tower addition, fine spray-dried powders segregate from dense soda ash and percarbonate granules, whereas liquid polymers cannot be sprayed onto dry powders above 1%–2% without causing sticky lumping. Sokalan CP 5 Granules is post-blended directly at 2.5% to 6.5% w/w (delivering 2.3% to 6.0% w/w active polymer) alongside Zeolite A (15% to 25%), dense sodium carbonate (15% to 25%), coated sodium percarbonate (10% to 16%), TAED (2.5% to 4.5%), granulated anionic/non-ionic surfactants, and enzymes. Over 25 consecutive hard-water wash cycles (300 ppm CaCO3), this binary Zeolite A + Sokalan CP 5 Granules builder system restricts inorganic fabric ash incrustation to < 0.6% w/w, prevents fabric stiffness and yellowing, and boosts primary clay and pigment soil removal by 10 to 15 reflectance points. In compressed laundry tablets and unit-dose powder sachets, Sokalan CP 5 Granules acts simultaneously as the co-builder and the cold-water tablet disintegrant.

Institutional and Industrial (I&I) Warewashing, Laundry, and Alkaline Cleaning Powders:
In commercial hotel, hospital, and restaurant laundry boosters, powdered bottle-washing compounds, and alkaline CIP (Clean-In-Place) powder packets containing sodium hydroxide beads, sodium metasilicate, and sodium carbonate, Sokalan CP 5 Granules is dry-blended at 2.0% to 8.0% w/w. Because the saturated carbon-carbon backbone of Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt is 100% stable against concentrated caustic alkali (up to pH 14 at 100 °C) and active chlorine (sodium dichloroisocyanurate NaDCC or chlorinated trisodium phosphate) as well as oxygen bleaches, the granules remain chemically stable inside highly alkaline industrial powder drums and prevent hard-water scale build-up on commercial washer extractors, tunnel washers, and conveyor dishmachines.

Dry-Mix Textile Pretreatment, Kier-Boiling, and Soaping-Off Powder Concentrates:
Textile auxiliary formulators who supply solid, bag-dumped powder concentrates to dyehouses blend Sokalan CP 5 Granules (at 15% to 40% w/w) with sodium carbonate, sodium gluconate, sodium metasilicate, and solid wetting agents. Dissolved in the dyehouse at 0.5 to 2.0 g/L during cotton desizing, alkaline scouring, and hydrogen peroxide bleaching, Granular MA/AA Copolymer Sodium Salt sequesters Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions extracted from raw cotton pectins, disperses seed-husk and wax impurities, and prevents silicate roller crusting. In post-dyeing reactive and vat wash-off baths, Sokalan CP 5 Granules disperses hydrolyzed unfixed dyestuff to prevent back-staining onto white grounds without demetallizing copper-, iron-, or chromium-containing metal-complex dyes (a major advantage over EDTA, DTPA, and NTA).

Solid Water-Treatment Tablets, Boiler Sludge Conditioners, and Oilfield Drilling Dry Blends:
Because shipping 92% active Sokalan CP 5 Granules eliminates the freight cost of transporting the 60% water present in 40% liquid grades, export water-treatment formulators utilize Sokalan CP 5 Granules to manufacture solid cooling-tower scale-inhibitor tablets, Dissolvable water-treatment bricks, powdered boiler sludge conditioners (dosed to yield 5 to 25 mg/L active polymer in cooling or boiler water), and dry-bagged oilfield bentonite/barite drilling-mud thinners and scale-inhibitor pills.

Ceramics, Refractories, Gypsum Wallboard, and Construction Dry-Mix Mortars:
In dry-bagged ceramic tile adhesives, self-leveling underlayments, gypsum plasters, and refractory castables, adding 0.05% to 0.35% w/w of Sokalan CP 5 Granules provides dust-free dry-blending and rapid dissolution upon jobsite water addition, deflocculating calcium carbonate, kaolin, alumina, and gypsum particles to lower water demand and regulate setting crystal morphology.

Practical Guide Formulation Frameworks Featuring Sokalan CP 5 Granules:
- Guide Formulation 1 (Phosphate-Free All-in-One Automatic Dishwashing ADW Tablet, 18 g Multi-Layer Tab): Trisodium Citrate Dihydrate Granular 24.0% w/w, MGDA Trisodium Salt (or GLDA Tetrasodium Salt) Granules 12.0% w/w, Sokalan CP 5 Granules 6.5% w/w (delivering 6.0% w/w active 70,000 g/mol Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt for glass anti-filming, anti-spotting, and rapid tablet disintegration), Dense Sodium Carbonate 26.0% w/w, Coated Sodium Percarbonate 14.0% w/w, TAED Bleach Activator Granules 3.5% w/w, Sodium Disilicate Granular 4.0% w/w, Low-Foaming Fatty Alcohol Alkoxylate Non-Ionic Surfactant 2.5% w/w, Protease + Alpha-Amylase Enzyme Prills 2.5% w/w, Benzotriazole Silver Protector 0.2% w/w, Zinc Sulfate/Acetate Glass Corrosion Inhibitor 0.3% w/w, Polyethylene Glycol PEG 6000 Binder 2.0% w/w, and Sodium Sulfate Granular balance to 100.0% w/w.

- Guide Formulation 2 (Post-Tower Blended Ultra-Compact Heavy-Duty Laundry Detergent Powder, Bulk Density ~720 g/L): High-Active Surfactant Agglomerate (LAS + AE7 + Soap on Zeolite/Carbonate carrier) 32.0% w/w, Detergent-Grade Zeolite 4A Granulated 20.0% w/w, Dense Sodium Carbonate 16.0% w/w, Sokalan CP 5 Granules 4.5% w/w (non-segregating, dust-free post-addition co-builder and anti-incrustation polymer), Coated Sodium Percarbonate 13.0% w/w, TAED Granules 3.5% w/w, Granular Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) 1.2% w/w, Multi-Enzyme Granulates (Protease, Lipase, Amylase, Cellulase) 1.8% w/w, Optical Brightener + Silicone Antifoam Granules 0.8% w/w, and Dense Sodium Sulfate balance to 100.0% w/w.
- Guide Formulation 3 (Institutional Chlorinated Alkaline Machine Warewashing Powder): Anhydrous Sodium Metasilicate Granular 35.0% w/w, Dense Sodium Carbonate 32.0% w/w, Sokalan CP 5 Granules 6.0% w/w (chlorine-stable and caustic-stable threshold scale inhibitor and food-soil dispersant), Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate Dihydrate (NaDCC Granular Chlorine Bleach) 3.5% w/w, Low-Foam Non-Ionic Surfactant on Carrier 1.5% w/w, and Granular Sodium Sulfate/Citrate balance to 100.0% w/w.

MANUFACTURING PROCESS, COMPACTION GRANULATION AND QUALITY CONTROL

The industrial production of Sokalan CP 5 Granules combines precision semi-batch free-radical copolymerization with advanced particle-size enlargement (compaction granulation or fluidized-bed spray agglomeration) so that the finished granules achieve identical macromolecular performance to Sokalan CP 5 Liquid while delivering superior bulk density (600 to 780 g/L) and dust-free flowability:

Step 1 - Monomer Pre-Neutralization and Aqueous Free-Radical Copolymerization:
In a nitrogen-purged, jacketed stainless-steel polymerization reactor, high-purity maleic anhydride (or maleic acid) is dissolved in deionized water and partially pre-neutralized with iron-free aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form monosodium maleate, optimizing the copolymerization reactivity ratio with acrylic acid. The reactor is heated to 85 °C to 105 °C, and glacial acrylic acid (2-propenoic acid) together with an aqueous free-radical initiator system (hydrogen peroxide / sodium persulfate) and a molecular-weight chain-transfer regulator are metered continuously in parallel over 3 to 6 hours. This controlled semi-batch feed prevents acrylic acid homopolymer blocks and forces uniform statistical incorporation of vicinal maleate dicarboxylate units along the carbon chain, locking in a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of approximately 70,000 g/mol.

Step 2 - Post-Polymerization Chasing, Bleaching, and Complete Sodium Neutralization:
Following monomer addition, a secondary initiator "chaser" and hydrogen peroxide polishing treatment at 90 °C to 100 °C drive monomer conversion above 99.9%, reducing residual free acrylic acid below 100 to 200 ppm and residual maleic acid below 300 ppm while bleaching the polymer solution to an iodine color <= 2. The copolymer is then completely neutralized with 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide to pH 8.0–8.5, yielding an intermediate ~40% w/w aqueous solution of Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt.

Step 3 - Spray-Drying and High-Density Granulation (Roll Compaction / Fluidized-Bed Agglomeration):
To transform the 40% aqueous polymer solution into high-density, dust-free Sokalan CP 5 Granules, two integrated solid-processing stages are employed:
- Route A (Spray-Drying Followed by High-Pressure Roll Compaction and Milling): The 40% polymer solution is atomized into a spray-drying tower (inlet air 180 °C to 230 °C, outlet air 90 °C to 105 °C) to produce primary spray-dried powder at ~92.0% w/w solids. This fine powder is fed via a deaerating screw pre-compressor between two counter-rotating high-pressure steel compactor rolls. Under roll hydraulic pressure, the slightly plastic ~92% active polymer particles (containing 6%–8% bound hydration water) fuse into a dense solid ribbon or sheet (true density ~1.55 g/cm3). The compacted sheet is then broken in a low-shear flake breaker, milled through a precision granulating screen mill, and classified on a multi-deck vibratory sifter between 200-micron and 1,000-micron screens. Coarse oversize particles (> 1,000 microns) are recycled directly to the granulating mill, while fine undersize dust (< 125–200 microns) is returned continuously to the compactor feed hopper, guaranteeing virtually zero waste and a narrow granular size distribution (d50 = 450 to 750 microns, bulk density 600 to 780 g/L).

- Route B (Continuous Fluidized-Bed Spray Granulation): Alternatively, the concentrated aqueous solution of Sodium Salt of Maleic Acid-Acrylic Acid Copolymer is sprayed directly onto a heated fluidized bed of seed polymer nuclei inside a continuous fluidized-bed spray granulator. Concentric layers of polymer solidify and agglomerate onto the suspended granules as water evaporates, building spherical-to-berry-shaped dust-free granules that are continuously discharged through a zig-zag air classifier once they reach the target 450 to 750 micron diameter and 92.0% w/w solids content.

Step 4 - Analytical Quality Control Verification at Ataman Kimya:
Every batch of Sokalan CP 5 Granules distributed by Ataman Kimya is certified against strict quality control parameters prior to shipment:
- Solids & Moisture Content: ISO 3251 oven drying (>= 91.0%, typical 92.0% w/w) and DIN EN 13267 Karl Fischer moisture (<= 8.0% w/w).
- Molecular Weight Distribution: Aqueous GPC/SEC (EN ISO 13885) verifying Mw ~ 70,000 g/mol.
- Granulometry & Bulk Density: ISO 697 apparent loose bulk density (600 to 780 g/L), ISO 3310-1 sieve analysis confirming d50 = 450–750 microns and fines (< 125 microns) <= 5.0%, and ISO 4324 angle of repose (28 to 33 degrees).
- Calcium Sequestration & Color: Alkaline calcium-binding titration (280 to 350 mg CaCO3/g active polymer) and 10% aqueous solution pH (7.5 to 9.0) and APHA color (<= 50).

ROTARY TABLET PRESS ENGINEERING, COMPACTION RHEOLOGY AND DRY-BLENDING GUIDELINES

To maximize production line speed, tablet mechanical integrity, and wash-cycle disintegration performance when formulating with Sokalan CP 5 Granules (Granular Acrylic Acid-Maleic Acid Copolymer Sodium Salt, CAS 52255-49-9 / 68479-09-4), process engineers and detergent plant managers should apply the following quantitative compounding and tableting guidelines:

1. High-Speed Rotary Tableting Compression Force and Tablet Density Control:
When manufacturing 15 g to 22 g multi-layer Automatic Dishwashing (ADW) tablets or 30 g to 40 g compressed laundry detergent tablets on rotary tablet presses, the main compression force should be regulated between 12 kN and 35 kN (producing a target tablet porosity of 15% to 25% v/v and a tablet diametral crushing strength of 60 N to 140 N, or 6 to 14 kp). Because Sokalan CP 5 Granules retains 6.0% to 8.0% w/w tightly bound hydration moisture within its Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt matrix, the 450 to 750 micron granules undergo ductile plastic deformation rather than brittle elastic rebound at inter-granular contact points during punch compression. This plastic bonding action increases green tablet tensile strength by 15% to 25% at lower compression pressures, eliminating tablet capping and edge chipping during high-speed blister or flow-wrap packaging while preserving interconnected micro-capillary channels so wash water can penetrate and burst the tablet within 60 to 180 seconds.

2. Prevention of Punch Sticking and Die-Wall Friction in Humid Tableting Rooms:
Because all sodium polycarboxylate salts—including Granular MA/AA Copolymer Sodium Salt—are hygroscopic polyelectrolytes, operating a rotary tablet press in an unconditioned, humid packaging hall (> 60% relative humidity at 28 °C to 35 °C) will cause the surface of Sokalan CP 5 Granules to absorb moisture from the room air and become slightly tacky, leading to punch-face sticking ("picking") on embossed logos. Plant engineers completely eliminate punch sticking by maintaining the tableting enclosure at a relative humidity of 35% to 50% RH (dew point < 10 °C to 12 °C) and a room temperature of 20 °C to 25 °C, and by co-blending 1.5% to 2.5% w/w of flaky Polyethylene Glycol (PEG 4000 or PEG 6000) or 0.3% to 0.8% w/w hydrophobic precipitated silica / sodium benzoate as an external die-wall lubricant.

3. Order of Addition in Post-Tower Compact Detergent Dry-Blending (Ploughshare, Ribbon, and Forberg Mixers):
In post-tower dry-blending of compact heavy-duty laundry powders or institutional warewashing powders, always charge the dense inorganic carriers and builders—specifically Dense Sodium Carbonate, Granulated Zeolite 4A, Sodium Sulfate, and Sokalan CP 5 Granules (bulk density 600 to 780 g/L)—into the ploughshare or ribbon mixer first and dry-blend for 60 to 90 seconds. If liquid non-ionic surfactants or perfume oils (up to 1.0% to 3.0% w/w) are sprayed onto the batch, spray them onto the porous Zeolite A / Carbonate / Surfactant agglomerate base BEFORE adding Sokalan CP 5 Granules, Coated Sodium Percarbonate, TAED, and Enzyme Prills during the final 60-second low-shear blending stage. Charging Sokalan CP 5 Granules in the post-spray dry stage prevents liquid non-ionic surfactant from coating the hydrophilic polycarboxylate granules, ensuring instantaneous cold-water wicking and dissolution in the consumer's washing machine.

4. Compatibility in Dual-Chamber Unit-Dose PVA / PVOH Water-Soluble Film Pouches:
In modern hybrid powder-and-liquid unit-dose dishwasher and laundry pods wrapped in cold-water-soluble Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA / PVOH) film (35 to 75 micron film thickness), the powder compartment requires a high-density, low-dust, low-water-activity co-builder that will not puncture the delicate stretched PVA film or migrate moisture into the film seal. Sokalan CP 5 Granules (at 5.0% to 12.0% w/w of the powder chamber) provides rounded, non-abrasive 450 to 750 micron granules that maximize active calcium-binding payload per cubic centimeter of pouch volume while keeping equilibrium relative humidity inside the sealed pouch below 35% RH.

TECHNICAL COMPARISON OF SOKALAN CP 5 GRANULES WITH ALTERNATIVE BUILDERS AND GRADES

To select the optimal co-builder and physical form for a specific detergent or industrial plant, formulators evaluate Sokalan CP 5 Granules against alternative physical grades and competing chemical classes:

Sokalan CP 5 Granules (92% Compacted Granular) vs. Sokalan CP 5 Powder (92% Spray-Dried Powder):
Both grades have the exact same 92.0% active content and 70,000 g/mol Acrylic Acid-Maleic Acid Copolymer Sodium Salt chemistry, so their gram-for-gram chemical dosage in a recipe is identical (1.00 : 1.00). However, Sokalan CP 5 Powder is a fine spray-dried powder (mean particle size 80 to 180 microns, bulk density 450 to 650 g/L) best suited for fine powder mixes, cementitious grouts, or wet crutcher slurries where rapid dispersion of fine powder is desired. By contrast, Sokalan CP 5 Granules features a larger, narrower particle size (d50 = 450 to 750 microns), a higher bulk density (600 to 780 g/L), and a lower angle of repose (28 to 33 degrees), making Sokalan CP 5 Granules the mandatory choice for high-speed rotary ADW and laundry tableting (preventing die bridging and punch sticking), post-tower dry-blending into compact laundry powders (preventing segregation from dense soda ash and percarbonate), and dust-free manual or pneumatic handling.

Sokalan CP 5 Granules (92% Solid) vs. Sokalan CP 5 Liquid (40% Aqueous Solution):
Sokalan CP 5 Liquid contains 40.0% w/w active polymer and 60.0% w/w water, making it ideal for liquid detergents, textile wet-processing baths, and spray-dried laundry powders where the liquid polymer is pumped into the aqueous crutcher slurry prior to tower atomization. However, spraying 40% liquid polymer onto dry post-tower detergent blends or ADW tablet mixes introduces 1.5 kg of water for every 1.0 kg of active polymer, triggering immediate caking, lump formation, premature sodium percarbonate decomposition, and enzyme deactivation. Replacing 2.30 kg of Sokalan CP 5 Liquid with 1.00 kg of Sokalan CP 5 Granules delivers the exact same 0.92 kg of active Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt in a dry, free-flowing solid form while cutting freight weight by 56.5%.

Sokalan CP 5 Granules vs. Granular Homopolymeric Sodium Polyacrylate (PA, Mw 4,500 g/mol):
Granular homopolymeric sodium polyacrylates (Mw ~ 4,500 g/mol) contain only one carboxylate group per C3 monomer repeat and have short chains, yielding a calcium-binding capacity of only ~200 to 230 mg CaCO3/g and weak steric soil stabilization. Because Sokalan CP 5 Granules combines vicinal dicarboxylate maleate units with acrylate units across a 70,000 g/mol backbone, it provides 30% to 50% higher calcium sequestration (280 to 350 mg CaCO3/g active polymer), far stronger clay and soot anti-redeposition in laundry washing, superior Zeolite A carrier kinetics, and stronger mechanical binding and wicking disintegration in ADW tablets.

Sokalan CP 5 Granules vs. Sodium Tripolyphosphate (STPP) and Standalone Citrate / MGDA / GLDA:
Whereas STPP is banned or restricted globally in consumer laundry and automatic dishwashing detergents due to freshwater phosphorus eutrophication, and small-molecule chelants (trisodium citrate, MGDA, GLDA) bind calcium strictly on a 1:1 molar stoichiometric basis without offering crystal-growth distortion or particulate soil dispersion, Sokalan CP 5 Granules is 100% phosphorus-free and combines high stoichiometric calcium binding with sub-stoichiometric threshold scale inhibition and macromolecular electrosteric dispersion.

PACKAGING, STORAGE AND HANDLING GUIDELINES

Maintaining the crisp, free-flowing granulometry, low dust profile, and rapid tablet-disintegrating performance of Sokalan CP 5 Granules (Granular Acrylic Acid-Maleic Acid Copolymer Sodium Salt, CAS 52255-49-9 / 68479-09-4) requires adherence to proper moisture-barrier packaging and dry-warehouse storage protocols recommended by Ataman Kimya.

Commercial Packaging Configurations Supplied by Ataman Kimya:
- 20 kg or 25 kg Moisture-Barrier Multi-Wall Bags: Heavy-duty kraft paper or woven polypropylene outer bags fitted with a sealed internal low-density polyethylene (LDPE) moisture-vapor barrier liner, palletized on shrink-wrapped, fumigated ISPM-15 pallets (typically 500 kg to 1,000 kg net per pallet) for easy manual or semi-automated charging into ribbon blenders and tablet press hoppers.
- 500 kg to 1,000 kg Flexible Intermediate Bulk Containers (FIBCs / Big Bags): Constructed from high-tenacity woven polypropylene with an internal polyethylene moisture-barrier liner and top/bottom discharge spouts, engineered for high-volume compact detergent plants and automated loss-in-weight gravimetric screw feeders.
Storage Conditions and Protection Against Hygroscopic Moisture Pickup:

Dry Indoor Warehouse Environment: Because anhydrous Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt Granules (containing ~92.0% active polymer and <= 8.0% bound hydration moisture) is intrinsically hygroscopic, exposing open granules to humid ambient air (> 60%–65% relative humidity) causes the granule surfaces to absorb atmospheric water vapor. Excessive moisture pickup (> 10%–12% total moisture) softens the outer polymer surface, increases the angle of repose, and leads to inter-granular bridging, caking, and lumping in hoppers or tablet press feed frames. Therefore, bags and Big Bags of Sokalan CP 5 Granules must always be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated indoor warehouse at ambient temperatures between 5 °C and 35 °C and relative humidity below 60%, away from wet floors, steam pipes, and direct weather exposure.

Resealing Partially Used Bags and Pallet Stacking Discipline: Whenever a bag or Big Bag of Sokalan CP 5 Granules is opened for partial batch weighing, operators must immediately expel excess humid air and twist-seal or heat-seal the inner LDPE liner before closing the outer bag. To prevent mechanical pressure compaction during extended summer storage, pallets of Granular MA/AA Copolymer Sodium Salt should not be double-stacked without intermediate pallet racking. When stored unopened in original moisture-proof packaging under dry warehouse conditions, Sokalan CP 5 Granules has a guaranteed shelf life of at least 24 months (2 years) from the date of manufacture.

Material Compatibility and Spill Cleanup Procedures:
In the dry granular state, Sokalan CP 5 Granules is completely non-corrosive toward carbon steel, stainless steel (AISI 304 / 316L), aluminum, HDPE, polypropylene, and standard conveyor belting. If aqueous stock solutions are prepared from the granules (pH 7.5 to 9.0), use stainless steel (304/316L), HDPE, PP, PVC, or GRP tanks and avoid unlined carbon steel, copper, brass, or zinc.
During material transfer, the compacted structure of Sokalan CP 5 Granules keeps airborne dust minimal; however, standard local exhaust ventilation is recommended at bag-dumping stations. Crucially, if dry Sokalan CP 5 Granules is spilled onto factory floors, NEVER wash the spill directly with water first: contact between water and Sodium Salt of Maleic Acid-Acrylic Acid Copolymer Granules creates an extremely slick, slippery polymeric gel film on concrete and tile surfaces. Always sweep up or vacuum dry spills of Sokalan CP 5 Granules completely in the dry state using a broom or industrial vacuum cleaner, and only flush the final trace residue with plenty of water afterward.

FIRST AID MEASURES, TOXICOLOGY AND SAFETY INFORMATION

Sokalan CP 5 Granules (Sodium Salt of Maleic Acid-Acrylic Acid Copolymer Granules, CAS 52255-49-9 / 68479-09-4) possesses a benign toxicological and occupational safety profile and is not classified as a hazardous substance or hazardous mixture under European Union Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) or the UN Globally Harmonized System (GHS). Furthermore, its dust-free compacted granular morphology significantly reduces inhalation and eye-dust exposure compared with fine spray-dried powders. Standard industrial hygiene and first aid procedures should nevertheless be followed when handling Sokalan CP 5 Granules.

First Aid Measures for Exposure to Sokalan CP 5 Granules:
- Eye Contact with Sokalan CP 5 Granules: If solid particles or trace dust of Sokalan CP 5 Granules (or splashes of its aqueous solution) enter the eyes, do not rub the eyes, as mechanical rubbing of dry granules can scratch the cornea. Immediately flush the eyes with plenty of lukewarm, gently flowing clean water or sterile isotonic eyewash solution for at least 15 minutes while holding both eyelids wide open. Remove contact lenses after the first 1 to 2 minutes if present and easy to do, then continue rinsing thoroughly until all dissolved Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt film is cleared. Although Sokalan CP 5 Granules is classified as non-irritating to rabbit eyes (OECD 405), consult an ophthalmologist or physician if mechanical redness, watering, or discomfort persists.

- Skin Contact with Sokalan CP 5 Granules: If Sokalan CP 5 Granules contacts the skin, brush off dry granules and wash the affected skin area with plenty of water and mild soap. On damp or perspiring skin, Granular Acrylic Acid-Maleic Acid Copolymer Sodium Salt hydrates into a slightly tacky film that rinses off cleanly with warm water. Sokalan CP 5 Granules is non-irritating to skin (OECD 404) and non-sensitizing (OECD 406); seek medical attention only if rare skin irritation occurs.

- Inhalation of Sokalan CP 5 Granules Fines: Thanks to its compacted 450 to 750 micron particle size, Sokalan CP 5 Granules generates virtually no respirable dust under normal handling. If a worker inhales airborne fines generated during high-energy pneumatic attrition or mill cleaning, move the affected person into fresh air and keep them warm and at rest. Blow the nose gently and rinse the mouth and nasal passages with water to clear any hygroscopic Sodium Salt of Maleic Acid-Acrylic Acid Copolymer particles. Seek medical advice if coughing or throat irritation continues.

- Ingestion of Sokalan CP 5 Granules: If Sokalan CP 5 Granules is accidentally swallowed, rinse the mouth thoroughly with water and give the conscious person 1 to 2 glasses (200 to 300 mL) of water to drink in order to dissolve and dilute the MA/AA Copolymer Sodium Salt Granules in the stomach. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person, and do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel. Because Sokalan CP 5 Granules exhibits very low acute oral toxicity (LD50 > 5,000 mg/kg in rats), small accidental ingestions pose minimal systemic hazard; consult a physician if gastrointestinal discomfort occurs.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Fire-Fighting Measures:
Operators handling Sokalan CP 5 Granules should wear safety glasses with side shields (EN 166), protective work gloves made of nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, or leather/cotton-lined nitrile (EN 374), long-sleeved industrial workwear, and slip-resistant safety boots. If high-energy handling generates airborne dust exceeding general occupational dust limits (< 10 mg/m3 inhalable dust, < 3 mg/m3 respirable dust), wear a disposable half-mask particle filter respirator (EN 149 FFP2).

Sokalan CP 5 Granules is not a flammable solid, is not self-heating, and has an auto-ignition temperature above 400 °C. In the event of a surrounding warehouse fire, suitable extinguishing media include water spray, foam, dry chemical powder, and carbon dioxide (CO2); note that applying water to spilled Sokalan CP 5 Granules makes floors slippery. Thermal decomposition above 250 °C in a fire may evolve carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), sodium carbonate ash, and trace irritating organic fumes; firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Toxicological and Ecotoxicological Summary:
- Acute Oral and Dermal Toxicity (OECD 401 / 402): LD50 Oral (rat) > 5,000 mg/kg; LD50 Dermal (rat/rabbit) > 5,000 mg/kg.
- Irritation, Sensitization, and Genotoxicity: Non-irritating to skin (OECD 404) and eyes (OECD 405); non-sensitizing (OECD 406); negative in Ames mutagenicity assays (OECD 471); non-carcinogenic and non-teratogenic.
- Aquatic Ecotoxicity and Wastewater Elimination: Fish LC50 (96 h, Danio rerio / Leuciscus idus, OECD 203) > 100 mg/L (typically > 500 mg/L); Daphnia magna EC50 (48 h, OECD 202) > 100 mg/L; Algae EC50 (72 h, OECD 201) > 100 mg/L; Activated sludge respiration inhibition EC20 (OECD 209) > 1,000 mg/L. In municipal biological wastewater treatment plants (OECD 303A), > 90% to 95% of Sokalan CP 5 Granules is eliminated from the water phase via calcium-bridged adsorption and precipitation onto sewage sludge flocs without remobilizing heavy metals.

REGULATORY STATUS, COMPLIANCE AND INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATIONS

Sokalan CP 5 Granules (Acrylic Acid-Maleic Acid Copolymer Sodium Salt Granules, CAS 52255-49-9 / 68479-09-4, EC 610-802-6) meets all major international chemical inventory, detergent, textile, and transport regulations:

Global Chemical Inventory Listings:
Registered and compliant across global chemical inventories (either directly under CAS 52255-49-9 / 68479-09-4 or via its parent acid copolymer CAS 29132-58-9 and registered monomers): United States TSCA (Active commercial status), European Union REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (Polymer Exempt under Article 2(9), with monomer precursors acrylic acid and maleic anhydride/acid fully REACH-registered), Turkish KKDIK Regulation, Canada DSL, Australia AIIC, Japan ENCS (6-898 / 6-901), South Korea KECI (KE-04125), China IECSC, Philippines PICCS, New Zealand NZIoC, and Taiwan TCSI.

European Union Detergent Regulation (EC) No 648/2004:
Fully compliant for use in household and institutional laundry detergents and automatic dishwashing (ADW) tablets across the European Union, the United Kingdom, and Turkey. As a phosphorus-free polymeric co-builder with > 90% wastewater sludge elimination and ultra-low residual monomers (< 500 ppm), Sokalan CP 5 Granules enables compliance with strict national and regional phosphate bans in laundry and dishwashing products.

Textile Ecological Standards (OEKO-TEX and ZDHC):
Completely free of APEO/NPEO, AOX, heavy metals, formaldehyde, and VOCs, making solid textile auxiliary concentrates formulated with Sokalan CP 5 Granules compliant with OEKO-TEX Standard 100 and ZDHC MRSL guidelines.

International Transport Classification (ADR / RID / IMDG / IATA):
Sokalan CP 5 Granules is not classified as dangerous goods under land (ADR/RID), sea (IMDG Code), or air (ICAO-TI / IATA-DGR) transport regulations (UN Number: Not Regulated; Hazard Class: None; Packing Group: None; Marine Pollutant: No; German Water Hazard Class: WGK 1, slightly hazardous to water, AwSV No. 1463).

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ)

What is Sokalan CP 5 Granules and how does it differ from Sokalan CP 5 Powder?
Sokalan CP 5 Granules is the high-bulk-density, dust-free compacted granular form of the fully neutralized sodium salt of an acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer (Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt, CAS 52255-49-9 / 68479-09-4, Mw ~ 70,000 g/mol, ~92.0% active solids) supplied by Ataman Kimya. While chemically identical to spray-dried Sokalan CP 5 Powder (both contain ~92% active polymer), Sokalan CP 5 Granules has a much larger, controlled particle size (d50 of 450 to 750 microns vs. 80 to 180 microns for powder), a higher apparent bulk density (600 to 780 g/L vs. 450 to 650 g/L), a lower angle of repose (28 to 33 degrees), and < 5% fine dust below 125 microns.

Why is Sokalan CP 5 Granules the preferred grade for Automatic Dishwashing (ADW) tablets and laundry tablets?
High-speed rotary tablet presses require a free-flowing granular feed that fills tablet dies uniformly without trapping air, bridging in hoppers, or sticking to punch faces. Sokalan CP 5 Granules flows effortlessly into rotary tablet dies, forms strong inter-particle bonds under 10 to 40 kN compression force, and then acts as a rapid osmotic wicking disintegrant upon water immersion—rupturing the tablet within 60 to 180 seconds while releasing active polymer to prevent calcium carbonate and silicate filming on glassware.

How does Sokalan CP 5 Granules prevent powder segregation in compact laundry detergents?
In compact and ultra-compact laundry detergent powders where raw materials are dry-blended or post-dosed after the spray tower, fine powders sift through coarse granules and segregate at the bottom of silos and retail boxes. Because the granulometry (450 to 750 microns) and bulk density (600 to 780 g/L) of Sokalan CP 5 Granules closely match dense soda ash, coated sodium percarbonate, TAED, and enzyme prills, the blend remains 100% homogeneous from mixing to consumer dosing.

How do I convert formulation dosages between Sokalan CP 5 Liquid (40%) and Sokalan CP 5 Granules (92%)?
Sokalan CP 5 Granules contains ~92.0% w/w active Acrylic Acid-Maleic Acid Copolymer Sodium Salt, whereas Sokalan CP 5 Liquid contains 40.0% w/w active polymer. To replace Sokalan CP 5 Liquid with Sokalan CP 5 Granules on an equal active-polymer basis, multiply the liquid weight by 0.435 (i.e., 40 / 92 = 0.4348); 1.00 kg of Sokalan CP 5 Granules delivers the same active polymer mass as 2.30 kg of Sokalan CP 5 Liquid.

Can Sokalan CP 5 Granules be dry-blended directly with sodium percarbonate, TAED, and detergent enzymes?
Yes. Unlike liquid polycarboxylate solutions that introduce free water and trigger premature oxygen bleach decomposition and enzyme inactivation, Sokalan CP 5 Granules has a 92.0% solids content with tightly bound hydration water (<= 8.0% w/w, low water activity aw < 0.35), making it completely compatible with coated sodium percarbonate, TAED, and protease/lipase/amylase/cellulase enzyme granulates.

Is Sokalan CP 5 Granules stable in chlorinated institutional warewashing powders (containing NaDCC)?
Yes. Because the polymer backbone of Sodium Salt of Maleic Acid-Acrylic Acid Copolymer consists exclusively of saturated carbon-carbon single bonds (-C-C-) with no oxidizable double bonds, amino groups, or hydrolyzable ester linkages, Sokalan CP 5 Granules is stable in dry blends containing sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) chlorine bleach as well as concentrated caustic soda and sodium metasilicate.

What is the calcium-binding capacity of Sokalan CP 5 Granules compared with standard sodium polyacrylate?
On a 100% active polymer basis at pH 11 and 20 °C, the 70,000 g/mol acrylic-maleic copolymer in Sokalan CP 5 Granules binds 280 to 350 mg CaCO3 per gram (~260 to 322 mg CaCO3 per gram of 92% granules as supplied), which is 30% to 50% higher than homopolymeric sodium polyacrylate (~200 to 230 mg CaCO3/g) thanks to its high density of vicinal maleate dicarboxylate groups.

How quickly does Sokalan CP 5 Granules dissolve in cold and warm wash water?
Despite its high bulk density (600 to 780 g/L), the compacted micro-granular structure of Sokalan CP 5 Granules allows water to wick rapidly into inter-particle pores without forming viscous surface gel lumps, achieving > 95% dissolution within 60 to 120 seconds at 20 °C and within 25 to 45 seconds at 40 °C under normal wash agitation.

Why must bags of Sokalan CP 5 Granules be kept tightly sealed in humid warehouses?
Like all anhydrous sodium polycarboxylate salts, Sokalan CP 5 Granules is hygroscopic and absorbs moisture from humid air (> 60% relative humidity). Leaving bags open in humid environments causes the granule surfaces to become tacky and cake into lumps, which degrades free-flowing tablet-press feeding. Keeping the inner polyethylene liner sealed preserves crisp granulometry for at least 24 months.

How can manufacturers source Sokalan CP 5 Granules and request COA, TDS, and SDS documents from Ataman Kimya?
Industrial buyers and detergent formulators can procure Sokalan CP 5 Granules (in 20–25 kg PE-lined bags or 500–1,000 kg FIBCs / Big Bags) together with batch-specific Certificates of Analysis (COA), Technical Data Sheets (TDS), and Safety Data Sheets (SDS) directly from Ataman Kimya by calling +90 216 577 10 10 or emailing info@atamankimya.com.

TECHNICAL SUMMARY

Sokalan CP 5 Granules—chemically designated as Granular Acrylic Acid-Maleic Acid Copolymer Sodium Salt, Poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) Sodium Salt Granules, Sodium Salt of Maleic Acid-Acrylic Acid Copolymer Granules, and Granular MA/AA Copolymer Sodium Salt (CAS Number 52255-49-9 / 68479-09-4, EC Number 610-802-6)—is the premier dust-free, high-bulk-density (600 to 780 g/L) 70,000 g/mol polycarboxylate co-builder, anti-incrustation polymer, anti-redeposition dispersant, and tablet-disintegrating auxiliary for modern solid detergent engineering. By uniting a 92.0% w/w active concentration of high-charge-density acrylate-maleate chains (calcium-binding capacity 280 to 350 mg CaCO3/g active polymer) with a controlled 450 to 750 micron particle size and an angle of repose of 28 to 33 degrees, Sokalan CP 5 Granules eliminates airborne dust, prevents dry-blend segregation in compact laundry powders, feeds smoothly into high-speed rotary ADW and laundry tablet presses, and shatters compressed tablets rapidly upon water immersion while keeping glassware and fabrics free of inorganic scale and particulate soil redeposition.

Ataman Kimya supplies high-purity Sokalan CP 5 Granules (alongside Sokalan CP 5 Powder 92% and Sokalan CP 5 Liquid 40%) in moisture-barrier 20–25 kg PE-lined bags and 500–1,000 kg Big Bags (FIBCs), backed by comprehensive technical support, reliable warehouse stock in Turkey, and fast international export logistics. To request a commercial quotation, bulk pricing, laboratory evaluation samples, Technical Data Sheets (TDS), Safety Data Sheets (SDS), or a batch-specific Certificate of Analysis (COA) for Sokalan CP 5 Granules (Granular Acrylic Acid-Maleic Acid Copolymer Sodium Salt, CAS 52255-49-9 / 68479-09-4), please contact the technical sales team at Ataman Kimya using the contact details below.

Ataman Chemicals
Phone: +90 216 577 10 10
Email: info@atamankimya.com