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Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is polyvinylpyrrolidone used in glue sticks.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is non-toxic and water soluble.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% shows a high degree of initial tack and gives outstanding adhesion and bonding especially to paper.
CAS: 9003-39-8
MF: CH4
MW: 16.04246
EINECS: 1312995-182-4
Synonyms
toxobin;vinisil;vinylpyrrolidinonepolymer;vinylpyrrolidonepolymer;PVP K30 USP24;PVP K120;K30 PVP K30;K 30 POVIDONE K 30 BP/USP
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is abbreviated as PVP, and is the polymer of vinylpyrrolidone.
According to the different degree of polymerization, Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is further classified into soluble PVP and insoluble PVPP (polyvinyl polypyrrolidone).
Molecular weight of the soluble Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is 8,000 to 10,000.
The soluble Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% can be used as a precipitating agent which can be settle down through its action with polyphenols.
Using this method, Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is easily to have residual PVP in the alcohol.
Due to the savings effect of Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% inside the human body, the World Health Organization doesn’t recommend to apply this substance.
In recent years, the use of soluble Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% has been rare.
Insoluble Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% system had began to be used in the beer industry since the early 1960s.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% has a relative molecule weight greater than the relative mass greater than 700,000.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is a insoluble polymer derived from the further cross-linking and polymerization of PVP and can be used as an adsorbent of polyphenols with a good efficacy.
The molecular formula of Sokalan K 90 Solution 20%
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is one of the three major pharmaceutical new excipients and can be used as the co-solvent of tablets, granules, and injection, as the glidant of capsules, as the dispersant agent of liquid preparations and the colorant, as the stabilizer of enzyme and heat sensitive drug, as the co-precipitating agent of poorly soluble drugs, and as the detoxicant of ophthalmic drugs and lubricants.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is industrially used as expanded polystyrene additive, as the gelling agents for suspension polymerization, stabilizer, and fiber treating agents, paper processing aids, adhesives, and thickening agents.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% and its copolymers CAP is an important raw material of cosmetics, mainly used for hair retaining agent.
The film Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% formed in the hair is elastic and shiny, and has excellent carding property as well as being free of dust.
Adopting different category of resin can meet various kinds of relative humidity climatic conditions.
Therefore, Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is an indispensable raw material in styling hair cream, hair gel, and mousse.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% can also be used for the cosmetics of skin moisturizing agents and the dispersants for grease based hair dying, also as foam stabilizers, and can improve the consistency of the shampoo.
Insoluble Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is the stabilizer of beer and juice which can improve its transparency, color, and flavor.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is a water soluble polyamide.
Commercially available Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is divided into four viscosity grades according to its press K value (Fikentscher K value): K-15, K-30, K-60, K-90, with the average molecular weight being 10,000, 40000,160000, and 360000, respectively.
K value or molecular weight is an important factor which decides the various properties of PVP.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is dissolved in water, chlorinated solvents, alcohol, amine, nitro-paraffin and low molecular weight fatty acids, and is mutually soluble with most inorganic salts and a variety of resin; insoluble in acetone and ether.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% used for the matrix of dropping pill matrix is odorless, tasteless, white to pale yellow waxy solid with the relative density being 1.062, and its 5% aqueous solution pH being 3 to 7.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is hygroscopic and of good thermal stability, and can be dissolved in various kinds of organic solvents, and has high melting point.
Adding certain natural or synthetic polymers or organic compounds can effectively adjust the Sokalan K 90 Solution 20%’s hygroscopicity and softness.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is not prone to have chemical reaction.
Under normal storage conditions, dry PVP is quite stable.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% has excellent physical inertia and biocompatibility and has not stimulation to skin, eyes no stimulation with no allergic reactions and being non-toxic.
Because of the hydrogen bonding or complexation effect, Sokalan K 90 Solution 20%’s viscosity is increased and this further inhibits the formation and growth of crystallized nuclei of drugs, making the drug being in the amorphous state.
The dropping pill whose matrix is Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% can enhance the dissolution and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.
In general, the greater the Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% amount, the higher dissolution and solubility of drug in the medium.
Susana et al have studied the dissolution of the Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% solid dispersant of the slightly soluble drug albendazole.
The increased amount of Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% can increase the dissolution rate and efficiency of drug inside the solid dispersant.
Teresa et al have studied the dissolution of the poorly soluble drugs, flunarizine in Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% solid dispersant and obtained similar conclusion.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% also found that the higher the content, the more significant increase in dissolution.
IR has showed that flunarizine and Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% has no chemical reaction except in some cases that a best dissolution efficacy is obtained only in certain ratio between some drugs with the PVP.
Tantishaiyakul et al has found that: when the ratio of piroxicam: Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is 1:5 and 1:6, the dissolution of the solid dispersant is the largest with a 40 times as high as that of single drug within 5min.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% can also be dissolved in another molten dropping pill matrix, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyoxyethylene monostearate (S-40), poloxamer and stearyl acid, glyceryl monostearate, etc for making complex matrix.
In the early 1950s, older, with shellac and oil-based hairspray had been rapidly replaced by Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% sprays which are still widely used until now.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% can form wet, transparent film on the hair which is shiny and has good lubrication effect.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% has good compatibility with a variety of good propellant and also has corrosion resistance.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is widely used in hair styling, as the film former in combing products, as the creatinine and stabilizer of skin care lotions and creams, as the base stock material for eye and facial cosmetics and lipstick base, and also as hair dye dispersants and shampoo foam stabilizer.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% has detoxification effect and can reduce the irritation effects of other preparation on the skin and eyes.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is also used as toothpaste detergents, gelling agents and antidotes.
The main drawback of Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is its sensitivity to moisture.
However, this issue can be tackled by using its vinyl acetate copolymer in order to mitigate the effects of moisture and humidity.
In addition, Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% also has wide application in the pharmaceutical, beverage and textile industries.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% Chemical Properties
Melting point: >300 °C
Boiling point: 90-93 °C
Density: 1,69 g/cm3
Tg: 175
Bulk density: 330kg/m3
Refractive index: (25) 1.5300
Refractive index: 1.5300
Storage temp.: 2-8°C
Solubility H2O: soluble100mg/mL
Form: powder
Color: White to yellow-white
PH: 3.0-5.0
Biological source: synthetic (oragnic)
Water Solubility: Soluble in water.
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Merck: 14,7697
Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Light sensitive. Hygroscopic.
InChI: InChI=1S/C8H15NO/c1-3-7(2)9-6-4-5-8(9)10/h7H,3-6H2,1-2H3
InChIKey: FAAHNQAYWKTLFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IARC: 3 (Vol. 19, Sup 7, 71) 1987
EPA Substance Registry System: Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% (9003-39-8)
Uses
Clarifying agent; pigment stabilizer; colloidal stabilizer; Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is mainly used for beer clarifying and quality stabilizing (reference amount 8~20g/100L, maintained for 24h and remove it by filtration), and can also be applied in combination with enzymes (protease) and protein adsorbents.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is also used to clarify the wine and as a stabilizer to prevent discoloration (reference amount 24~72g/100L).
Clarifying agents; stabilizers; thickeners agent; tablet fillers; dispersants; PVP of molecular weight 360,000 are often used as the clarifying agent of beer, vinegar, and grape wine.
Used as the fixing liquid for gas chromatography.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is used as a colloidal stabilizer and clarifying agent for beer clarification.
Apply proper amount according the demands of production.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% can be used for pharmacy, aquaculture, and livestock disinfectant for the sterilization of the skin and mucous.
PolyFilterTM molecule has an amide bond for absorbing the hydroxyl groups located in polyphenol molecule to form hydrogen bonds, and therefore, can be used as the stabilizer of beer, fruit wine/grape wine, and drinking wine to extend their shelf life and improve the transparency, color and taste.
The products have two specifications: disposable type and regeneration type.
Disposable products are suitable for application by SMEs; renewable products demand the purchase of special filtration equipment; but since Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is recyclable, it is suitable for large breweries for recycle application.
In daily cosmetics, Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% and its copolymer has good dispersion property and filming property, and thus being able to be used as a setting lotion, hair spray and styling mousse, as opacifiers for hair care agents, as the stabilizer of shampoo foam, as wave styling agent and as the dispersants and affinity agents in hair dye.
Adding Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% to cream, sunscreen, and hair removal agent can enhance wetting and lubricating effect.
Taking advantage of the excellent properties of Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% such as surface activity, film-forming and non-irritating to the skin, no allergic reactions, etc., has broad prospects in its application in hair care and skin care products.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is used as an adhesive in glue sticks; an emulsifier and a disintegrant for solution polymerization; an additive to Doro's RNA extraction buffer; as a liquid-phase dispersion enhancing agent in diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) NMR and as a thickening agent in tooth whitening gels.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% finds use in personal care products like shampoos and toothpastes, in ink for inkjet printers as well as in contact lens solutions.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is used as a food additive and in the wine industry as a fining agent for white wine.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is used as a capping agent to synthesize silver nanowires through a polyol process.
Production method
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20%'s crude product comes from the polymerization of vinylpyrrolidone under basic catalyst or the existence of N, N'-divinyl amidine and further cross-inking reaction.
Then use water, 5% acetic acid and 50% ethanol for reflux to until extract ≤50mg/kg (for over 3h).
The 30% to 60% aqueous solution of the purified 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, in the presence of ammonia or amines and also with hydrogen peroxide as the catalyst, has cross-linking and homo-polymerization react.
Production Methods
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is manufactured by the Reppe process.
Acetylene and formaldehyde are reacted in the presence of a highly active copper acetylide catalyst to form butynediol, which is hydrogenated to butanediol and then cyclodehydrogenated to form butyrolactone.
Sokalan K 90 Solution 20% is produced by reacting butyrolactone with ammonia.
This is followed by a vinylation reaction in which pyrrolidone and acetylene are reacted under pressure.
The monomer, Sokalan K 90 Solution 20%, is then polymerized in the presence of a combination of catalysts to produce povidone.
