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SPECPRZV DH

SpecPrzv DH is a synthetic organic compound known for its effective antimicrobial and preservative properties, used across personal care, pharmaceutical, and food products.
Due to its broad-spectrum effectiveness, SpecPrzv DH is often chosen for water-based formulations that are prone to contamination by bacteria, fungi, and yeast.
The mildness of SpecPrzv DH makes it a preferred preservative in products for sensitive skin, including baby care and "natural" cosmetics.

CAS number: 520-45-6
EC number: 208-293-9
Hill Formula: C8H8O4
Molar Mass: 168.2 g/mol

Synonyms: 2H-Pyran-2,4(3H)-dione, 3-acetyl-6-methyl-, 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione, Acetic acid, dehydro-, Dehydroacetic acid, DHAA, DHS, 4-Hexenoic acid, 2-acetyl-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-, δ-lactone, 3-Acetyl-6-methyldihydropyrandione-2,4, Dehydracetic acid, 3-Acetyl-6-methylpyran-2,4(3H)-dione, 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-1-oxacyclohex-5-ene-2,4-dione, Biocide 470F, NSC 8770, Geogard 111A, 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4-dione, 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-pyran-2,4-dione, 3-Acetyl-6-methylpyran-2,4-dione, Unisept DHA, DEHYDROACETIC ACID, 520-45-6, 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione, Methylacetopyronone, Biocide 470F, 2H-Pyran-2,4(3H)-dione, 3-acetyl-6-methyl-, Acetic acid, dehydro-, 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-2,4-pyrandione, 3-acetyl-6-methylpyran-2,4-dione, 16807-48-0, 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-pyran-2,4-dione, MFCD00066709, DTXSID6020014, 3-Acetyl-6-methylpyrandione-2,4, NSC-8770, 3-acetyl-6-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4-dione, 2-Acetyl-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-hexenoic acid, .delta.-lactone, Dehydroacetic acid [ISO], DTXCID9014, SCHEMBL17787, PGRHXDWITVMQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-, NSC8770, CHEBI:137426, 4-Hexenoic acid, .delta.-lactone, HMS3264K05, Pharmakon1600-01301016, HY-B1211, 2H-Pyran-2, 3-acetyl-6-methyl-, Tox21_302764, WLN: T6OV DV CHJ CV1 F1, BBL013155, NSC760135, STL163953, Dehydroacetic acid, >=98.0% (T), AKOS000119576, AKOS016038058, 1ST2505, CCG-213725, CS-4810, NSC-760135, 3-acetyl-6-methyl-3H-pyran-2,4-dione, NCGC00256469-01, 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-2,4(3H)-pyrandione, AC-10441, CAS-520-45-6, DS-15291, SY012826, DB-252330, D0039, NS00003021, 3-Acetyl-6-Methyldihydropyrandione-2,4(3H), EN300-20186, 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-2,3-dihydropyran-2,4-dione, AB01510434_02, AH-034/32463001, SR-01000389026, Dehydroacetic acid 1000 microg/mL in Ethyl acetate, SR-01000389026-1, BRD-A17300716-001-01-5, Q63088091, 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione, enol form, 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione, ion(1-), F0191-0260, 4-Hexenoic acid, 2-acetyl-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-, .delta.-lactone, Dehydroacetic acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard, Dehydroacetic acid, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material, InChI=1/C8H8O4/c1-4-3-6(10)7(5(2)9)8(11)12-4/h3,7H,1-2H3

SpecPrzv DH is a crystalline compound widely used as a preservative and fungicide in personal care, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical formulations.
SpecPrzv DH is valued for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties, providing effective preservation against fungi, bacteria, and yeast without affecting the formulation’s pH significantly.

SpecPrzv DH is a colorless, and odorless compound that is soluble in water.
SpecPrzv DH operates as an antimicrobial agent by disrupting the cell membrane of microorganisms.

SpecPrzv DH achieves this by binding to the phospholipid head groups within the cell membrane, thereby compromising its integrity and resulting in cell death.
Additionally, SpecPrzv DH has demonstrated inhibitory effects on specific enzymes such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase, which play critical roles in bacterial cell replication

SpecPrzv DH is particularly popular in formulations aiming for "natural" or "clean" labels, due to its safe profile and mild effect on skin and hair

SpecPrzv DH and Sodium Dehydroacetate are tasteless, odorless white powders.
In cosmetics and personal care products, SpecPrzv DH and Sodium Dehydroacetate are used in the formulation of a wide variety of products, including bath, skin care, suntan, sunscreen, fragrance, shaving, hair and nail care products, as well as eye and facial makeup.

SpecPrzv DH is one of the food additives found in red wine and was determined by ultra-fast liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (UFLC-MS/MS).
SpecPrzv DH is an organic compound which has several industrial applications.

SpecPrzv DH is classified as a pyrone derivative.
SpecPrzv DH presents as an odorless, colorless to white crystalline powder, almost insoluble in water and moderately soluble in most organic solvents

SpecPrzv DH is a synthetic preservative used in amounts of 0.6% or less where it’s proven to be safe and effective.
SpecPrzv DH is characterized as a white to cream crystalline powder.

Sometimes SpecPrzv DH's salt form (known as sodium dehydroacetate) is used, as it is more soluble in certain types of cosmetic formulas.
SpecPrzv DH is most effective on fungi.

SpecPrzv DH is an organic compound primarily serving as a preservative in cosmetics and personal care industry.
SpecPrzv DH fights off the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, yeast, and mold in products, thus increasing the shelf life.

SpecPrzv DH is compatible with other preservatives when combined for added efficiency - making it a versatile choice.
In its raw form, SpecPrzv DH appears as a white crystalline powder that is odorless.

Further, SpecPrzv DH is a safe ingredient and is well tolerated by most skin types.
The chemical formula of SpecPrzv DH is C8H8O4.

SpecPrzv DH is an organic compound that usually comes in the form of an odourless white crystalline powder.
SpecPrzv DH has potent antifungal and antibacterial properties, and is used in many personal and skin care products as a preservative.

SpecPrzv DH is a synthetic chemical that is considered to be a low hazard for human health and for the environment.
Clinical tests have shown present inclusion rates of SpecPrzv DH (less than 0.6%) to be non-irritating and safe for use in cosmetics.

Due to its broad-spectrum effectiveness, SpecPrzv DH is often chosen for water-based formulations that are prone to contamination by bacteria, fungi, and yeast.
SpecPrzv DH has a stable nature that ensures product safety and longevity, even in formulations exposed to different environmental conditions.

The mildness of SpecPrzv DH makes it a preferred preservative in products for sensitive skin, including baby care and "natural" cosmetics.

SpecPrzv DH is a biodegradable compound, making it an environmentally friendly choice in products with sustainable and clean-label claims

Uses of SpecPrzv DH:

Industrially, SpecPrzv DH has several uses which include the following:
SpecPrzv DH is used as a fungicide and bactericide.
The sodium salt, sodium dehydroacetate, is often used in place of SpecPrzv DH because of its greater solubility in water.

SpecPrzv DH is used as a food preservative to prevent pickle bloating in squash and strawberries.
When used as a food additive, SpecPrzv DH is referred to using the International Numbering System for Food Additives or E number 265.

SpecPrzv DH is used as a plasticizer in synthetic resins.
SpecPrzv DH is used as an antienzyme in toothpastes.

SpecPrzv DH is used as a precursor for dimethyl-4-pyridones.
SpecPrzv DHs are synthesized when it is exposed to aqueous solutions containing primary amines.

Sodium Dehydroacetate and SpecPrzv DH kill microorganisms and prevent their growth and reproduction, thus protecting cosmetics and personal care products from spoilage.

SpecPrzv DH is widely used in the cosmetic industry as an effective preservative.
SpecPrzv DH prevents the growth of harmful bacteria and fungi in formulations to make them last longer.

SpecPrzv DH is commonly found in lotions, creams, shampoos, conditioners, and other water-based formulations where microbial contamination is a concern.
Additionally, SpecPrzv DH serves as an antimicrobial agent, ensuring product safety and integrity.
SpecPrzv DH's broad-spectrum efficacy, stability in various formulations, and compatibility with other preservatives make it a versatile choice for maintaining the quality and safety of cosmetic and personal care products

Consumer Uses:
SpecPrzv DH is used in the following products: cosmetics and personal care products.
Other release to the environment of SpecPrzv DH is likely to occur from: indoor use as processing aid and outdoor use as processing aid.

Uses at industrial sites:
SpecPrzv DH is used in the following products: washing & cleaning products, polymers and laboratory chemicals.
SpecPrzv DH has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

SpecPrzv DH is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging.
SpecPrzv DH is used for the manufacture of: plastic products, chemicals and rubber products.
Release to the environment of SpecPrzv DH can occur from industrial use: in processing aids at industrial sites, in the production of articles, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid and as processing aid.

Industry Uses:
Intermediate
Preservative

SpecPrzv DH is widely used in lotions, creams, and other skincare products as a preservative, protecting formulations from microbial contamination and extending shelf life.
SpecPrzv DH is applied in shampoos, conditioners, and other hair care products, where it prevents the growth of bacteria and fungi, ensuring product safety and longevity.

SpecPrzv DH is commonly included in face cleansers and makeup removers, where it provides broad-spectrum antimicrobial protection while remaining mild on the skin.
SpecPrzv DH is essential in natural and organic cosmetic formulations, where it acts as a preservative without impacting pH, making it ideal for "clean label" products.

SpecPrzv DH is incorporated into serums and eye creams, where it provides preservation benefits, preventing spoilage of sensitive ingredients like peptides and antioxidants.
SpecPrzv DH is used in sunscreens and after-sun lotions, offering microbial protection for formulations exposed to warm and humid environments.

SpecPrzv DH is included in dental care products, such as mouthwashes and toothpaste, where it prevents microbial contamination and extends product stability.
SpecPrzv DH is found in deodorants and antiperspirants, providing safe and effective preservation, especially in formulations with water content.

SpecPrzv DH is applied in hand sanitizers, where it complements other ingredients by offering additional preservation against bacterial and fungal growth.
SpecPrzv DH is utilized in wet wipes and other disposable personal care items, ensuring they remain free from microbial contamination during storage and use.

SpecPrzv DH is used in body and face mists, where it provides stability by preventing microbial growth in water-based formulations.
SpecPrzv DH is incorporated into baby care products, such as lotions and cleansers, where its mild, safe profile makes it suitable for delicate skin.

SpecPrzv DH is applied in bath and shower gels, providing reliable preservation for products exposed to moisture and humidity.
SpecPrzv DH is used in facial masks, especially sheet masks and other products with high water content, where it prevents spoilage and contamination.

SpecPrzv DH is a key ingredient in cosmetics like foundations, concealers, and mascaras, ensuring product safety and stability throughout their shelf life.
SpecPrzv DH is an ingredient in liquid and cream-based makeup formulations, where it preserves both the consistency and safety of the product.

SpecPrzv DH is used in soaps and body washes, where it protects against microbial growth and maintains the product’s integrity.
SpecPrzv DH is included in pet care products, where it prevents spoilage and contamination in shampoos and grooming sprays.

Benefits of SpecPrzv DH:
SpecPrzv DH is a versatile compound with various benefits, making it valuable in multiple industries.

Here are SpecPrzv DH's key advantages:

Antimicrobial and Preservative Properties:

Broad-Spectrum Activity:
Effective against bacteria, yeast, and fungi, SpecPrzv DH is commonly used as a preservative in cosmetics, personal care products, and pharmaceuticals.

Non-Toxic at Low Levels:
Approved for use in regulated amounts, ensuring safety for humans and the environment.

Stability:
Retains SpecPrzv DH's effectiveness over a wide pH range and temperature conditions, ensuring long shelf life for products.

Application Versatility:

Cosmetics and Personal Care:
Used in creams, lotions, shampoos, and other products to prevent microbial contamination.

Food Industry:
Employed as a preservative to extend the shelf life of certain foods.

Agriculture:
Functions as a fungicide to protect crops from fungal infections.

Biodegradability:
SpecPrzv DH is biodegradable, minimizing its environmental impact when used in industrial or consumer products.

Compatibility with Other Ingredients:
Works well in combination with other preservatives to enhance overall effectiveness, reducing the amount of preservative required.

Cost-Effectiveness:
SpecPrzv DH's effectiveness at low concentrations and long shelf life contribute to cost savings in production and storage.

General Manufacturing Information of SpecPrzv DH:

Industry Processing Sectors:
Soap, Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation Manufacturing
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing

Preparation of SpecPrzv DH:
SpecPrzv DH is prepared by the base-catalysed dimerization of diketene.
Commonly used organic bases include imidazole, DABCO, and pyridine.

The preparation of SpecPrzv DH involves the condensation and cyclization of acetic anhydride, often in the presence of a catalyst such as sulfuric acid or sodium acetate.
The reaction typically occurs under controlled heating at temperatures between 120–150°C, allowing the formation of the characteristic six-membered pyrone ring structure.

In some variations, ketene may be used as a reactive intermediate to enhance the reaction.
Once the reaction is complete, the product is isolated by cooling the reaction mixture and purifying SpecPrzv DH through recrystallization using solvents like ethanol or water.
This method yields SpecPrzv DH as white to pale yellow crystalline solids, suitable for various applications.

Synthesis of SpecPrzv DH:

SpecPrzv DH (**C8H8O4**) is synthesized through a process that involves acetic acid derivatives.

Below is a detailed method commonly used for SpecPrzv DH's preparation:

1. Starting Materials:
Acetic Anhydride (CH₃CO)₂O: The primary reactant.
Catalyst: Acidic or basic catalysts (e.g., sulfuric acid or sodium acetate) to facilitate the reaction.
Ketene (Optional): In some methods, ketene (CH₂=C=O) is used as a reactive intermediate.

2. Reaction Mechanism:
The process involves the condensation and cyclization of acetic anhydride under controlled conditions.

The steps include:

1. Condensation: Two molecules of acetic anhydride react to form an intermediate.
2. Cyclization: The intermediate undergoes intramolecular cyclization to form the six-membered pyrone ring structure characteristic of SpecPrzv DH.

3. Procedure:

1. Reactants Mixture:
Mix acetic anhydride with the chosen catalyst in a reaction flask.
Maintain an inert atmosphere if needed to prevent unwanted reactions (e.g., oxidation).

2.Heating:
Heat the mixture to 120–150°C.
Allow the reaction to proceed until the pyrone structure forms (monitored by time or analysis).

3 Cooling:
Cool the reaction mixture.

4. Crystallization and Purification:
Isolate the crude product by filtration.
Purify via recrystallization from ethanol, water, or another suitable solvent to obtain white to pale yellow crystals.

4. Industrial Scale Variants:
On an industrial scale, modifications such as using continuous-flow reactors or optimized catalysts may be applied to increase yield and reduce costs.

5. Notes on Safety and Handling
Use appropriate PPE (gloves, goggles, and lab coats) as reactants can be hazardous.
Work in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood.

This method produces SpecPrzv DH efficiently and is adaptable for both laboratory and industrial settings.

Origin of SpecPrzv DH:
SpecPrzv DH is synthesized through the reaction of diketene and acetic acid.
Diketene, a highly reactive compound, reacts with acetic acid under controlled conditions to form SpecPrzv DH.

This process involves careful temperature regulation and purification steps to ensure the purity of the final product.
The synthesized SpecPrzv DH is then crystallized and dried for use in cosmetics.

History of SpecPrzv DH:
SpecPrzv DH was first synthesized in the late 19th century as part of the growing interest in organic compounds with preservative and antimicrobial properties.
SpecPrzv DH's unique structure, a six-membered lactone (pyrone) ring, was identified as a stable yet reactive molecule, making it valuable in industrial and pharmaceutical applications.

Over time, SpecPrzv DH became recognized for its versatility as a preservative in cosmetics, food, and pharmaceuticals due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.
SpecPrzv DH also found applications in agriculture as a fungicide.
Advances in organic synthesis in the 20th century refined the methods of production, improving SpecPrzv DH's yield and purity, solidifying its role in modern chemical industries.

Handling and Storage of SpecPrzv DH:

Handling:
Use in a well-ventilated area to minimize dust accumulation.
Avoid skin and eye contact.

Prevent inhalation of dust or fumes.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling the chemical.
Use appropriate PPE: gloves, safety goggles, and dust masks or respirators if necessary.

Storage:
Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
Keep away from incompatible substances like strong oxidizing agents and bases.

Protect from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight.
Label storage containers clearly to avoid accidental misuse.

Stability and Reactivity of SpecPrzv DH:

Stability:
Stable under normal handling and storage conditions.
Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air), so keep SpecPrzv DH in dry conditions.

Reactivity:
Reacts with strong oxidizing agents and bases, potentially leading to hazardous conditions.

Decomposition Products:
Decomposition can produce toxic fumes, such as carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂).

Hazardous Reactions:
Avoid exposure to excessive heat or moisture to prevent degradation.

Safety profile of SpecPrzv DH:
SpecPrzv DH is a safe ingredient when used within the recommended concentration levels of 0.6% or less.
SpecPrzv DH is non-irritating and is approved by regulatory agencies around the world.

However, a patch test is recommended before using any new product containing SpecPrzv DH.
Since SpecPrzv DH has synthetic origins, it is suitable for vegan and halal formulations.

First Aid Measures of SpecPrzv DH:

Inhalation:
Remove the person to fresh air immediately.
If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen; if not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.

Skin Contact:
Wash thoroughly with soap and water for at least 15 minutes.
Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
If irritation occurs, seek medical attention.

Eye Contact:
Rinse eyes immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids occasionally.
Seek immediate medical attention.

Ingestion:
Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel.
Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water and drink small amounts of water.
Seek medical attention immediately.

Firefighting Measures of SpecPrzv DH:

Suitable Extinguishing Media:
Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide (CO₂).

Specific Hazards:
In a fire, may produce toxic fumes like carbon oxides.
Combustible dust may form explosive mixtures with air.

Protective Equipment:
Firefighters should wear full protective gear, including a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

Firefighting Precautions:
Move containers from the fire area if it is safe to do so.
Cool containers with water spray to prevent overheating.

Accidental Release Measures of SpecPrzv DH:

Personal Precautions:
Evacuate non-essential personnel.
Wear appropriate PPE: gloves, goggles, and respirators if dust is generated.

Environmental Precautions:
Prevent entry into drains, watercourses, or soil to minimize environmental contamination.

Cleanup Procedures:
Contain the spill using inert absorbents like sand or vermiculite.
Sweep up carefully to avoid creating dust.
Place waste in appropriate containers for disposal in accordance with local regulations.

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection of SpecPrzv DH:

Exposure Limits:
No specific limits are typically established; follow general dust exposure guidelines.

Engineering Controls:
Use local exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to maintain airborne levels below recommended exposure limits.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Respiratory Protection: Use a dust mask or respirator in areas with insufficient ventilation.

Skin Protection:
Wear chemical-resistant gloves.

Eye Protection:
Use safety goggles or face shields.

Body Protection:
Wear protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.

Hygiene Measures:
Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke in areas where the chemical is handled.

Identifiers of SpecPrzv DH:
CAS Number: 520-45-6
Abbreviations: DHAA
ChEBI: CHEBI:137426
ChEMBL: ChEMBL284127
ChemSpider: 10177
ECHA InfoCard: 100.007.541
EC Number: 208-293-9:
E number: E265 (preservatives)
MeSH: dehydroacetic+acid
PubChem CID: 122903
UNII: 2KAG279R6R
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID801015814 DTXSID6020014, DTXSID801015814
InChI: InChI=1S/C8H8O4/c1-4-3-6(10)7(5(2)9)8(11)12-4/h3,11H,1-2H3
Key: JEQRBTDTEKWZBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES: CC(=O)C1=C(O)OC(C)=CC1=O

CAS Number: 520-45-6 / 771-03-9 / 16807-48-0
Chem/IUPAC Name: 3-Acetyl-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione
EINECS/ELINCS No: 208-293-9 / 212-227-4 / -
COSING REF No: 33185

CAS number: 520-45-6
EC index number: 607-163-00-2
EC number: 208-293-9
Hill Formula: C₈H₈O₄
Molar Mass: 168.2 g/mol
HS Code: 2932 20 90

Properties of SpecPrzv DH:
Chemical formula: C8H8O4
Molar mass: 168.148 g·mol−1
Appearance: White crystals
Melting point: 109 °C; 228 °F; 382 K
Boiling point: 270 °C; 518 °F; 543 K

Molecular Weight: 168.15 g/mol
XLogP3-AA: 0.3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 100
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
Rotatable Bond Count: 1
Exact Mass: 168.04225873 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 168.04225873 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 60.4Å²
Heavy Atom Count: 12
Complexity: 287
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
Compound Is Canonicalized: Yes

Assay: ≥98.0% (T)
form: powder
bp: 270 °C (lit.)
mp: 111-113 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: CC(=O)C1C(=O)OC(C)=CC1=O
InChI: 1S/C8H8O4/c1-4-3-6(10)7(5(2)9)8(11)12-4/h3,7H,1-2H3
InChI key: PGRHXDWITVMQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Boiling point: 270 °C (1013 hPa)
Flash point: 157 °C
Ignition temperature: 336 °C
Melting Point: 111.1 - 111.3 °C
pH value: 4 (2 g/l, H₂O, 20 °C)
Vapor pressure: <0.1 hPa (25 °C)
Bulk density: 700 kg/m3
Solubility: 2 g/l

Specifications of SpecPrzv DH:
Assay (acidimetric): ≥ 98.5 %
Melting range (lower value): ≥ 109 °C
Melting range (upper value): ≤ 112 °C
Identity (IR): passes test

Names of SpecPrzv DH:

Preferred IUPAC name:
3-Acetyl-2-hydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one

Other names:
Biocide 470F
Methylacetopyronone