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CAS Number: 9007-75-4 (general)
Synonyms: Caramel color IV; E150d; Sulfite-ammonia caramel; Soft drink caramel; Acid-proof caramel
Physical Properties:
Appearance: Very dark brown to almost black liquid or powder.
Solubility: Highly water-soluble; insoluble in ethanol.
pH (5% solution): 2.0–4.0 (most acidic among caramels).
Charge: Negative (anionic) – despite ammonia use, the sulfite dominates the surface charge.
Stability: Excellent stability in high-acid systems (pH 2–3.5), such as cola beverages. Stable to heat, light, and redox reactions. Most stable caramel overall.
Color intensity (abs @ 610 nm, 0.1% w/v): 0.30–0.70 (highest color strength of all classes).
Residual sulfite: 300–1000 ppm; residual ammonia: 200–800 ppm.
Viscosity: Low to moderate (formulated for high concentration without gelling).
Applications:
Carbonated soft drinks: Cola, root beer, dr pepper-type, and other dark sodas (primary use globally).
Liquid seasonings: Soy sauce, fish sauce, Worcestershire sauce, and balsamic vinegar.
Coffee and cocoa substitutes: Instant coffee, coffee syrups, and roasting aids.
Industrial bakery: Presliced brown bread rolls, dark cookies.
Distilled spirits in low-proof cocktails.
Confectionery coatings and licorice.
Description:
Class IV caramel is produced by heating carbohydrates with both ammonium and sulfite compounds. The combination yields the highest color intensity and the widest range of colloidal stability – particularly extreme acid stability (pH 2.0–3.5) which is essential for cola beverages. The negative (anionic) charge prevents precipitation in acidic environments containing cationic preservatives (e.g., potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate). E150d contributes a slightly bitter, acidic undertone but at levels masked by sweeteners. It is the most widely produced caramel color class (>60% of global caramel market). ADI: 0–200 mg/kg bw/day (same as E150c).
SAFETY INFORMATION ABOUT SULPHITE AMMONIA CARAMEL
First aid measures:
Description of first aid measures:
General advice:
Consult a physician.
Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
Move out of dangerous area:
If inhaled:
If breathed in, move person into fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact:
Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately.
Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact:
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
Continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital.
If swallowed:
Do NOT induce vomiting.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Rinse mouth with water.
Consult a physician.
Firefighting measures:
Extinguishing media:
Suitable extinguishing media:
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas
Advice for firefighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
Accidental release measures:
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment.
Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas.
Evacuate personnel to safe areas.
Environmental precautions:
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up:
Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste.
Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
Handling and storage:
Precautions for safe handling:
Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities:
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Storage class (TRGS 510): 8A: Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials
Exposure controls/personal protection:
Control parameters:
Components with workplace control parameters
Contains no substances with occupational exposure limit values.
Exposure controls:
Appropriate engineering controls:
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
Personal protective equipment:
Eye/face protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Faceshield (8-inch minimum).
Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection:
Handle with gloves.
Gloves must be inspected prior to use.
Use proper glove
removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product.
Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.
Full contact:
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
Splash contact
Material: Nitrile rubber
Minimum layer thickness: 0.11 mm
Break through time: 480 min
Material tested:Dermatril (KCL 740 / Aldrich Z677272, Size M)
It should not be construed as offering an approval for any specific use scenario.
Body Protection:
Complete suit protecting against chemicals, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection:
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a fullface respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.
If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator.
Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.
Do not let product enter drains.
Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
Stability and reactivity:
Chemical stability:
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Incompatible materials:
Strong oxidizing agents:
Hazardous decomposition products:
Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions.
Carbon oxides, Nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen chloride gas.
Disposal considerations:
Waste treatment methods:
Product:
Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.
Contaminated packaging:
Dispose of as unused product
